廣東省梅州市畬江中學(xué)2023年高三英語(yǔ)期末試卷含解析

廣東省梅州市畬江中學(xué)2023年高三英語(yǔ)期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Wecanimagine

cityof

Wuhanin

year2030willbedifferentfromwhatitisnow.A、the;/

B、/;the

C、/;/

D、the;the參考答案：D[解析】考查冠詞的用法。前一個(gè)空格處是特指武漢市，后二個(gè)空格處是特指2030年。2.StephenHawkingbelievesthattheearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanet

lifehasdevelopedgradually.A.that

B.whereC.which

D.whose參考答案：B試題分析：考查定語(yǔ)從句：句意：StephenHawking認(rèn)為地球不可能是生命逐漸發(fā)展的唯一星球。先行詞是theonlyplanet，定語(yǔ)從句缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，用where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，選B.10.AfterchattingonQQalongtime,Marylookedupjust_________thatitwas11:00pm,longpastherusualbedtime.

A.seeing

B.saw

C.tosee

D.seen參考答案：C略4.Theboyenjoyed______tothezoo,buthismotherwastoobusywithherwork.A.taking

B.beingtaken

C.tobetaken

D.totake參考答案：B5.SorryI’msolate,butyoucannotimagine

greattroubleItooktofindyourhouse.A.what B.how C.which

D.why參考答案：A6.MartinVanBurenwastheeighthPresidentoftheUnitedStatesandthefirst

nativelanguagewasnotEnglishbutDutch．

A．that

B．whose

C．which

D．where參考答案：B7.He____inLondonformanyyears,buthehasneverregrettedhisfinaldecisiontomovebacktoChina.A.lived

B.wasliving

C.havelived

D.hadlived參考答案：A8.Theboss_____companymanyexcellentgraduateschoosetoworkofteninspirehisemployees

todeveloptheirpotential.

A.inwhich

B.inwhose

C.withwhom

D.withwhose參考答案：B此題考查定語(yǔ)從句。theboss與company為所有格關(guān)系，用whose.Workinhiscompany,

所以用介詞in.9.Theproject

todevelopingtheeconomyandreducingpovertywhenitiscompleted. A.hascontributed B.hadbeencontributed C.willcontribute

D.iscontribute參考答案：C10.Attimes,worryingisanormal,

responsetoadifficulteventorsituation—alovedonebeinginjuredinanaccident,forexample.

A．effective B．individual

C．inevitable

D．unfavorable參考答案：C解析：本題考查形容詞辨析。A有效的；B個(gè)人的；C不可避免的，不可回避的；D不利的，不喜歡的；11.--You'retalkingtoomuch.

--Onlyathome.Noone________mebutyou.

A.ishearing

B.hadheard

C.hears

D.heard

參考答案：C12.

-----Goodevening.HuangshanHotel.

-----Goodevening.______________?

A.Doyoustillhavearoomfortonight

B.Whatwouldyoulike,please

C.IsthereanythingIcandoforyou

D.Whoisthatspeaking,please參考答案：A。解析：本題考查語(yǔ)言的交際功能。從題意看，對(duì)話的雙方分別是旅館的服務(wù)員和顧客。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有選項(xiàng)A的交際功能才符合顧客的身份。13.WheneverImademistakes,theteacherpointedthemoutwith______.A.curiosity B.satisfaction C.envy D.patience參考答案：D略14.______wehaveconfidenceanddetermination,wecanwinthematch.A.But B.So C.Unless D.Aslongas參考答案：D6.Theshipwouldhavesunkwithallonboard______forthecaptain.A.ifitwasnot

B.haditnotbeen

C.ifithasnotbeen

D.nothaditbeen.參考答案：B略25.----DidyouwatchthefootballfinalbetweenChinaandJapan?

------Yes,butIwoundrather______.A.notdothat

B.notdoingthat

C.nothavedonethat

D.hadn’tdonethat參考答案：C略17.Thefoodisnotverygood,butweshalljusthaveto______it.A.payattentionto

B.holdontoC.putupwith

D.keepupwith參考答案：C18.Eachofthe400peoplereceivedfromtheirboss______gift------“Whomovedmycheese?”，______best-sellerintheUS，whichhelpedthemunderstandhowtodealwithchangesintheirlivesandwork.A．the；/

B．a(chǎn)；/

C．a(chǎn)；a

D．the；a

參考答案：C考察冠詞，gift和best-seller可數(shù)名詞前應(yīng)加不定冠詞。二、短文改錯(cuò)19.單句改錯(cuò)（共10小題：每小題1分，滿分10分）以下句子每一行均有一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)找出，并按下列情況改正：此句多一詞：把多余的詞用斜線（﹨）劃掉，在該句右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。此句缺一個(gè)詞：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧）,在該句右邊橫線上寫出該加詞。此句錯(cuò)一個(gè)詞：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，在該句右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。81.Ittakesmeaboutonehourtoputeverythinginorderyesterday.

82.Fortunate,shewassavedbyadoctorinGuangzhouatlast.

83.You’dbettergetchangebeforegoingtoparty.

84.Shecametounderstandingwhyherparentssentheraboard.

85.Onethousandpeoplediedinthedisaster,includedtwohundredandfiftychildren.

86.Thepolicegaveinsearchingforthemissingchild.

87.I’llgohoeforvacationassoonasIwillfinishmyexams.

88.I’velostmyinterestatcollectingstamps.

89.Heknewshewascryingbecausehiswords.

90.Abridgeisbeingbuildnow.

參考答案：三、閱讀理解20.What’ssmall,buzzeshereandthereandvisitsflowers?Ifyousaidbeesorhummingbirds,yougotit.Youwouldn’tbethefirstifyoumixedthetwoup.Nowagroupofresearchersevensayweshouldembraceourhistoryofconsideringthetwotogetherinthesamegroup.Thewayscientistsstudybeescouldhelpthemstudyhummingbirdbehavior,too.Scientistsfirstcomparedthetwobackinthe1970swhenstudyinghowanimalssearchforfood.Theideaisthatanimalsuseakindofmathtomakechoicesinordertominimizetheworkittakestoearnmaximumrewards.Researchersatthetimefocusedonmovementrules,liketheorderinwhichtheyvisitedflowers,andwhereflowerswerelocatedtoothers.Itwas“almostlikeanalgorithm(算法)”forefficientsearching,saidDavidPritchard,abiologistattheUniversityofSt.AndrewsinScotland.Hummingbirdsandbeeshadsimilarsolutions.Asthefieldofanimalcognition(認(rèn)知)appeared,hummingbirdandbeeresearchparted.Neuroscientistsandbehavioralecologistsdevelopedwaystostudybeebehaviorinnaturalisticsettings.Hummingbirdresearcherscomparedhummingbirdstootherbirdsandborrowedmethodsfrompsychologytostudytheirabilitytolearninthelab.Tobefair,hummingbirdsandbeesdiffer.Forexample,hummingbirdshavemoreadvancedeyesandbrainsthanbees.Honeybeesandbumblebeesaresocial;hummingbirdstypicallyaren’t.Buthowevertheyperceive(感知)orprocessinformation,theybothexperiencesimilarinformation,Dr.Pritchardsaid.Inday-to-daysearchingforfood,forexample,hummingbirdsmayrelyonmoreofabee’s-eyeviewthanabird’s-eyeview.Likeotherbirds,theyrelyonlandmarks,distancesanddirectionstomakemapswhentravellinglongdistances,buttheydon’tusethesecuestofindflowers.Moveaflowerjustaninchorsoawayfromwhereahummingbirdthoughtitwasanditwillhoverovertheflower’soriginallocation.Dr.Pritchardisinvestigatingif,likebees,hummingbirdsengageinviewmatching—hovering,scanningsnapshotsofaplacetoitsmemoryandusingthoseasreferenceslater.32.Whatisthecenterofresearchonhummingbirdsandbeesinthe1970s?A.Memory.B.Movementrules.C.Rewardcalculating.D.Informationprocessing.33.Whichsubject’sresearchmethodswereadoptedtostudythelearningabilityofHummingbirds?A.Math.B.Biology.C.Ecology.D.Psychology.34.Howdoresearchersfindoutthathummingbirdsarenotlikebirds?A.Bysettingthemfree.B.Bymovingflowers.C.Bymatchingview.D.Bymakingmaps.35.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HummingbirdsandBeesB.HummingbirdsintheLabC.NewTrendsinStudyingBeesD.ThinkingofHummingbirdsasBees參考答案：32.B

33.D

34.B

35.D本文是一篇科普類短文閱讀。我們經(jīng)常把蜂鳥(niǎo)和蜜蜂搞混，然而科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)研究蜜蜂的方法可以幫助他們研究蜂鳥(niǎo)的行為。32.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中Researchersatthetimefocusedonmovementrules,liketheorderinwhichtheyvisitedflowers,andwhereflowerswerelocatedtoothers.可知，當(dāng)時(shí)的研究人員把注意力集中在運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)則上。故選B。33.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中Hummingbirdresearcherscomparedhummingbirdstootherbirdsandborrowedmethodsfrompsychologytostudytheirabilitytolearninthelab.可知，蜂鳥(niǎo)研究者采用的心理學(xué)的研究方法。故選D。34.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段內(nèi)容及Likeotherbirds,theyrelyonlandmarks,distancesanddirectionstomakemapswhentravellinglongdistances,buttheydon’tusethesecuestofindflowers.Moveaflowerjustaninchorsoawayfromwhereahummingbirdthoughtitwasanditwillhoverovertheflower’soriginallocation.可以推斷出研究者是通過(guò)移動(dòng)花而發(fā)現(xiàn)蜂鳥(niǎo)不像鳥(niǎo)。故選B。35.主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文大意結(jié)合第一段中Nowagroupofresearchersevensayweshouldembraceourhistoryofconsideringthetwotogetherinthesamegroup.Thewayscientistsstudybeescouldhelpthemstudyhummingbirdbehavior,too.兩句話可以確定最佳標(biāo)題為“把蜂鳥(niǎo)看作蜜蜂”。故選D。21.Workingrobots,liketheKASRO,aretypicallybig,simple,andstrong.Theyarelargepreprogrammedunitsworkingindangerousanddulljobs.Butthegrowingtrendtowardscollaborative(合作的)robots,orcobots,istransformingroboticuseworldwide.WhatbigcompaniessuchasGermany’sMercedes-Benzdiscoveredwasthatrobotsalonewerenotenoughtokeeppacewiththedemandforcustomizedproducts.Human-robotcollaborationwasidentifiedasthemostsuitablestrategy.ByshrinkingrobotsdowntodesktopsizeandequippingthemwithsensorsandAI,thenextgenerationofcobotswillfeelourpresence,learnfromus,andcooperatewithusbetter.“Whenwehavepeopleandmachinescooperate,we’remuchmoreflexibleandcanproducemanymoreproductsononeproductionline,”saidheadofproductionplanning,MarkusSchaefer.“Thevarietyistoomuchtotakeonforthemachines.”Thefutureofcobotworkingislikelytochangeasnewwaysofinteractingaredeveloped.Voicecommandsareboundtobeafeatureasnaturallanguageprocessingsystemsbecomemorewidespread.Closerintegration(融合)withmachinelearningandAIissuretohelprealizethebenefitsofelementssuchasvoicecontrolandmachinevision.Unplannedchangestoproductionandsaferinteractionwithhumanswillthenrequireastep-changeinrobotlearning.Cobotswilllearndirectlyfromhumaninteractionorevenfromsimulations(模擬)thatwillhelpthemtoadapttoreal-worldsituations.Openroboticsplatforms,suchasCarnegieMellonUniversity’sLoCoBotorElephantRobotics’Catbot,meanthatprogrammerscansharetheskillstheyhavedevelopedviathecloud.Importantly,forhouseholdrobotstobecomepopular,robotlearning—whereenvironmentaldataisgatheredtomakemoreidealdecisions—willbeneeded.Cobotcarers,suchasElliQthecompanionrobotandIKEA’sroboticfurniture,promiseabrightfutureofcooperation.Likeanyachievabletechnologicaldream,suchasself-drivingcars,theirrealizationis

comingsoon.Cobotswillbecomestandardinthesamewaythatacar’sGPSorthesmartphonedid.Theirintegrationintosocietywillgraduallybecomenormal.12.WhatinspiredMercedes-Benztorecognizetheneedforhuman-robotcollaboration?A.Thefastpaceofmodernlife.B.Thedecreasingsizeofrobots.C.Thediversityofcustomerdemands.D.Thegreatdemandforpersonalrobots.13.WhatmightMarkusSchaefer’swordsinParagraph3imply?A.Peoplearemuchsmarterthanmachines.B.Cobotscontributealottoeffectiveproduction.C.It’sdifficultforpeopletocooperatewithmachines.D.Robotsareplayingasteadyroleontheproductionline.14.WhatcanCarnegieMellonUniversity’sLoCoBotmainlyhelpresearchersdo?A.Shareandimprovetheirskills.B.MakeimprovementsonCatbot.C.Interactwithrobotsmoreefficiently.D.Examinerobots’machinelearningfeature.15.WhydoestheauthormentionGPSinthelast