英語高考專題復習短文改錯

1.短文改錯的選材通常取自學生的作品，或類似學生的作品。2.內容來自學生身邊的常見話題。3.篇章結構的難易程度符合學生的實際水平。4.語言明白易懂。5.基本上不涉及生僻的語言現(xiàn)象和繁難的語句結構。6.試題并不是單純檢測語法知識，而是檢測考生寫作能力中的校驗能力。一.試題的話題選擇第1頁/共53頁第一頁，共54頁。二.短文改錯的設題切入口近五年高考短文改錯題題型穩(wěn)定、考查點多、覆蓋面廣。一般以四種題型出現(xiàn)：錯、多、少。從錯誤比例上看，一般為多詞1處，少詞1處，錯誤7～8處。設問的角度有三個：詞法、句法和行文邏輯。從這三個角度考查學生在語篇中綜合運用英語的準確性。第2頁/共53頁第二頁，共54頁。動詞形，名詞數(shù)，還要注意形和副；非謂語，細辨別，代詞格，細領悟；介詞短語常?？?，習慣用法要記住；句子成分多分析，邏輯錯誤須關注，冠詞連詞常光顧。短文改錯口訣：第3頁/共53頁第三頁，共54頁。一、動詞形

主要包括兩類錯誤：動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)錯誤，以及主、謂不一致的錯誤。2007四川卷：

Whenhegetshome,hesawtheanimalwaitingatthedoor,stillwearinghisjacketwiththewalletinthepocket.2007天津卷：

InGradeEightItookphysics.InonetestIgetonly36percentoftheanswerscorrect.gotgot第4頁/共53頁第四頁，共54頁。2006安徽卷：Anyonecanborrowbooksifheorshewish.

2006安徽卷：Youcansitatthedeskandreadthedailynewspapers,magazinesandtheotherbooks,butyouarenotpermittotakethemout

wishespermitted第5頁/共53頁第五頁，共54頁。解決方案(1)

通讀全文，搞清文中動詞時態(tài)的主旋律.(2)

結合語境，靈活運用時態(tài)形式.(3)

認真推敲，準確把握主動與被動.第6頁/共53頁第六頁，共54頁。二、名詞數(shù)

指名詞單、復數(shù)形式的用法錯誤。2007陜西卷：Personally,Ifoundmostlessonratheruninteresting.2008浙江卷：Anearbycompanywaslookingforstudentswithgoodhandwritingtowriteaddressesonevenlope.Thepaywas10centsperenvelope.

lessonsevenlopes第7頁/共53頁第七頁，共54頁。2006福建卷：

Ifyouhaveinterestsinit,replytomesoon.2006陜西卷：

Theyhaveallsortsofcourse.I’msureyouwillfindoneyoulikeit.2006重慶卷：Insummer,erestcoursessky第8頁/共53頁第八頁，共54頁。1.Thebookwillgiveyoualltheinformationsyouneed.

2.Heisongoodtermwithme.

3.Heisagenerousfellow,andwillsoonmakefriendwithyouagain.

Theydidnotwantmetodoanyworkatfamilyfurniture,fun,homework,paper,news,progress,trouble,work（工作），advice等informationtermsfriendshome第9頁/共53頁第九頁，共54頁。解決方案1.

理清可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞之間的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系.2.

記清一些用于固定詞組中名詞的特殊用法

.3.結合語境認真分辨同義名詞或近義名詞

.第10頁/共53頁第十頁，共54頁。三、還要注意形和副

注意形容詞和副詞在句子中的作用和具體用法。這也是高考短文改錯題的常考點。2007浙江卷：Igottothefinishinglinefirst.Iwontherace.Ifeltveryproudlyofmyself.2006福建卷：Wudhappily１修飾名詞，be動詞，系動詞要用形容詞２修飾動詞，形容詞，整個句子用副詞３比較級和最高級的使用第11頁/共53頁第十一頁，共54頁。2008全國卷Ⅱ：IwilllearnmoreaboutthehistoryoftheOlympicsasgoodasthe2008Olympicgames.2006遼寧卷：Shewasusualpatientwithherstudentsandnevermadethemdisappointed.usuallywell第12頁/共53頁第十二頁，共54頁。1.Youmustmakeyourparentshappily.

2.HelookeddifferentlyafterhisreturnfromEurope.3.Thenumberofgirlsisveryfew.

happydifferentsmall第13頁/共53頁第十三頁，共54頁。4.Theycamebacklatelyandhadsometea.5.Thetwomenthrewalltheirequipmentintothewatertomaketheballoonlight.6.Thenewpersononthejobfeelsmorebetterafterheorshehasplayedtenniswithotherpeopleintheoffice.latelightermuch/even/rather第14頁/共53頁第十四頁，共54頁。解決方案(1)

熟知形容詞和副詞的句法功能.(2)

理清短文中形容詞和副詞比較等級的關系.(3)

結合短文內容，準確使用形容詞和副詞.第15頁/共53頁第十五頁，共54頁。四、非謂語，細辨別

這是考查最多的錯誤形式之一。主要有現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞，動名詞和不定式錯誤。2007浙江卷：Icouldnottorunveryfastand

fellbehind.2007寧夏卷：LiMengcameseemeeveryday.

to第16頁/共53頁第十六頁，共54頁。2008重慶卷：

Andthereweremanymeaningfulthings2008遼寧卷：

Weallenjoyedthispreciousdaygreatly,rememberthetimewespenttogetherandthepeopletheywerefamiliarwith.rememberingthatwereworththinkofthinking第17頁/共53頁第十七頁，共54頁。1.Hehasneverbeenheardspeakillofothers.

2.Wehearitsayfrequentlythatwhatpresent-daymenmostdesireissecurity.

3.ItisdifficulttomakeyourselfunderstandinEnglish.tosaidunderstood第18頁/共53頁第十八頁，共54頁。4.Onhiswayhome,hesuddenlyheardhisnamecalling.5.Butthentherearealwaysmoremysterieslookinto.6.Afterlearnthebasicsofthesubject,nothingelseseemedverypracticaltome.calledtolearning第19頁/共53頁第十九頁，共54頁。7.Thatis,agameoftennismakinghimverybusy.8.Hedidn’twantsharethingswithotherpeople.9.SoonIbegantoenjoytalktomyselfonpaper.10.MyparentslovemedearlyofcourseandwilldoalltheycanmakesurethatIgetagoodeducation.madetotalkingto第20頁/共53頁第二十頁，共54頁。11.Theairkeepstheballoonupwasescapingquicklyandtheballoonwascomingdown.12.Ijustwanttothankyouforhelpingmebecomingadifferentperson.13.Theywantedonechildoranothertocomeoutandplayed.keepingbecomeplay第21頁/共53頁第二十一頁，共54頁。解決方案(1)

縱觀全文或全句，明確句中動詞所作的句子成分.(2)

系統(tǒng)掌握非謂語動詞的句法功能.(3)

前后聯(lián)系，整體把握.第22頁/共53頁第二十二頁，共54頁。六、代詞格，細領悟1.人稱代詞主格和賓格，物主代詞的使用．２．反身代詞oneself

的使用．3．不定代詞的使用．4．Both,all,either,neither,none的使用.5.

Whose

和who’s，its和

it’s的區(qū)別．第23頁/共53頁第二十三頁，共54頁。五、代詞格，細領悟（2007全國I）

Iwasonlyaboutsixwhenheheldhishandouttome.Itookitinmeandwewalked.mineFinally,thementhrewawaymostofhisclothestosavethemselves.their第24頁/共53頁第二十四頁，共54頁。2008全國II：

Ishouldbeabletotellvisitorsaboutourhistoryandcultureandshowthemtheirgreatachievement.2007陜西：

JustatthattimeIwokeupandfoundmestillinbed!

ourmyself第25頁/共53頁第二十五頁，共54頁。1.Knowledgeisthereforwhomeverwillseekit.

2.Whomdoyouthinkisthewriterofthisbook?

3.Hisbrother’scaseisquitedifferentfromme.

whoeverwhomine第26頁/共53頁第二十六頁，共54頁。4.Peoplefindincreasinglydifficulttomaketheirliving.

5.Heistallerthananyoneinhisclass.

itelse第27頁/共53頁第二十七頁，共54頁。7.Ireadyoure-mailtomyparentsandshowedthemthephotoyousentittome.8.Ihopethatbothyoutwocouldcomeandvisitussometimesoon.9.Thosefreshmenfinallylearnedtosolvetheproblemsbythem.themselves第28頁/共53頁第二十八頁，共54頁。[解決方案

](1)

順藤摸瓜，理清短文中代詞的指代關系，注意聯(lián)系上下文。(2)

系統(tǒng)掌握it的各種用法

.(3)準確把握不定代詞在文中的正確使用。

第29頁/共53頁第二十九頁，共54頁。

主要考查習慣搭配方面的基礎知識，其錯誤表現(xiàn)形式主要有三種：多詞、少詞和搭配錯誤。catchasightoflosemyheartinhurryinSundayafternoonsuchmanypeopleinashortaon∨so六、習慣用法要記住第30頁/共53頁第三十頁，共54頁。1.Don’tapproachtoaworkofartinsuchaspirit.

2.Theboywasabsorbedbuildingadaminthebrook.

3.Iwasimpressedatthezealwithwhichhespokeoftheplan.

4.Thegentlemaninsistedatmyreceivingthemoney.

5.Atlastwereachedtothevillageatthefootofthehillinwithon第31頁/共53頁第三十一頁，共54頁。6.Becausethehelpyougavemethatsummer,mylifechanged.7.Whenayoungmanstartstoearnhisownliving,hecannolongerexpectotherstopayhisfood.8.I

imagine

you’ll

be

at

vacation

yourself

by

that

time.

offoron第32頁/共53頁第三十二頁，共54頁。解析方案:(1)

平時的學習中注意積累語言知識，特別是一些固定搭配的記憶.(2)

強化語法訓練，分清連詞，副詞和介詞之間的區(qū)別和句法功能

.(3)語法知識的記憶和語感的培養(yǎng)結合起來

.第33頁/共53頁第三十三頁，共54頁。七、句子成分多分析

不同的句子成分要用不同的詞類；不同的語境要選擇不同的詞語。只有對句子結構和成分作細致的分析，才能找出用詞不當?shù)腻e誤。2008年安徽卷:Shelookedatmeandstartedtolaugh.“Howareyoulaughing?”Iasked.2007天津卷：Iwasluckyenoughtohaveateacherwhichdidn’ttakemybadgradesasajudgementofmyabilities,but…who/thatWhy第34頁/共53頁第三十四頁，共54頁。1.MyroommatelivesinasmalltownincentralMissouri,aquiettownwhichIwouldliketolivemyself.

2.TheUnitedStatesiscomposedoffiftystates,twoofthoseareseparatedfromtheothersbylandorwater.

3.Thesephotoswillshowyouhowourvillagelookslike.4.Icannotmakesenseofthathesaidatthemeeting.wherewhichwhatwhat第35頁/共53頁第三十五頁，共54頁。1.30percentofgirlswouldliketobecometeacherswhenonly5percentofboyswanttodothisjob.2.Webecomemoreandmoreimpatientofinterruptionswhentheyearsgoon.

3.ItwasnotuntilitbegantorainwhenInoticedhisumbrellaleftinmycar.

whileasthat第36頁/共53頁第三十六頁，共54頁。八、邏輯錯誤須關注

與句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，屬于邏輯性錯誤，如稱謂上的張冠李戴。2006四川卷：Thatnight，wesatdowntowhattheythoughtwouldbeapleasant,uninterruptedmeals.NMET2005:

Somestudentsmayalsosaveupforourcollegeorfutureuse.wetheir第37頁/共53頁第三十七頁，共54頁。

2006遼寧卷：Shealwaysmadesurethatourhomeworkwasfinishedontime,butshemarkedstrictlyonouractualperformance.

2007四川卷：

Hethoughtthepooranimalwasinjured,butthekindfarmertookoffhisjacketandputontheanimal. andso

第38頁/共53頁第三十八頁，共54頁。Icameintothelivingroomandsawoneofthemjustgothroughthekitchendoorbutturnonthelight.Hewillstaythereoneandtwodays.

andor第39頁/共53頁第三十九頁，共54頁?？键c剖析:

(1)

并列連but,and,or,so等詞的混用，常常出現(xiàn)在改錯題中。(2)

并列連詞和從屬連詞的混用。(3)

平行結構方面的錯誤。第40頁/共53頁第四十頁，共54頁。常考的錯誤形式有：連詞but，and，or和so的用法錯誤，以及冠詞的用法錯誤等。2oo7全國II：ImeanttowritelongletterandtellyouallthethingsI’mdoingattheschool…2007四川卷：AnAustralianfarmerfoundthekangaroocaughtinthefencearoundhisfarms.aa九、冠詞、連詞常光顧第41頁/共53頁第四十一頁，共54頁。3.IgainedsomuchconfidencethatIwentbacktoschoolasnewperson.4,Withcomingofspring,grassandtreesturngreen.5.WhenachildisfiveinEnglandorWales,hisparentsmustsendhimtotheschool.6.Afterahourorsowebegantofeelveryfrightened.athean第42頁/共53頁第四十二頁，共54頁。冗詞的多用1.Lastsummer,IwenttoBeijing,myfirsttimetriptothecity.2.Twoyearslater,hereturnedbackhome.3.Itisabout200milesfarawayfromLondon.第43頁/共53頁第四十三頁，共54頁。4)Manystudentsfeelitthatapopularteachermustbekindandeasy-going.5.Thegirlisproudofthatherfamilyiswelldescended.6.Likemostofmyschoolmates,Ihaveneitherbrothersnorsisters--inanyotherwords,Iamanonlychild.第44頁/共53頁第四十四頁，共54頁。7.Wemaybeonefamilyandliveunderthesameroof,butwedonotseemtogetmuchtimetotalkabouttogether.8.(02春季)Forinstance,ononenightheplayedstrongandloudmusictillfouro’clockinthemorning.9.Eveningcamedown.10.(NMET03)ThemainproblemwasinthatIalwaysthoughtinChinese.第45頁/共53頁第四十五頁，共54頁。AtChristmasEve,Jimwentwithhis1._____fathertochooseaChristmastree.Theychoose2._____abigone.Itwasalmostastallerastheroom!3._____Theyputtheminthecornerofthesitting4._________on_________chose_______tall_______it動詞形介詞短語常?？?，習慣用法要記住還要注意形和副代詞格，細領悟2009高考英語短文改錯模擬訓練第46頁/共53頁第四十六頁，共54頁。room.Katewascovereditwithalotof5._____Christmaslight.Thesittingroomlooked6.____reallybeautifullyatthemoment.Therewas7.________afireburninthefireplace,andtheChristmas8.____treelightswereshinningbrightly.Jimorhis9.____parentssingingan