2023年3月中級(jí)口譯真題答案

２０2３年3月中級(jí)口譯真題SECTION1：LＩＳTENINGＴESTPartＡ:SpotＤｉctatｉonＤｉrectiｏn：Inthｉｓpａrtoｆtheteｓｔ,youｗｉｌlｈeaｒapasｓaｇeａnｄrｅadｔheｓamｅpassagewithblankｓinｉｔ.Fiｌlinｅaｃｈoftｈeblankswithｔheｗorｄsｙouhａveheardonｔheｔａpe.WriteｙouraｎsｗerintｈeｃorreｓpｏndingspaceｉnyoｕrＡNSWＥＲBOOＫLET.ReｍemｂerｙｏuwｉllhearthepassaｇeONLYOＮCＥ.Everｙｈumanｂeｉｎgｉsfallible;wｅmakemistaｋes．InAmｅrｉｃawhenａmistakｅhasbeeｎmaｄe,itｉsconsideredfittingfortheｐerson_＿_(dá)_＿＿_(dá)_(1)ｔoａcknoｗｌｅdgehisorhererｒｏraｎdtｏapologｉｚetoanyoｎewhohａsbeeninconveniencｅｄ.Evｅｎ＿＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__(2)areeｘpectｅｄｔoａdmitthｅiｒmiｓtakｅsandaｐolｏgｉzefｏrｔｈem.Tryｉｎgto＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)_(3)aｍistakｅanddeｎｙingyourguiltａrｅcoｎｓｉderedtobｅindicａt(yī)iｖeｏfserioｕs_＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__＿（4).Ifyｏｕmakeamｉｓtａketｈat________(5)ａｇroupofpｅople,ａpublｉcａpolｏgyisconsｉｄereｄthｅbｅstmetｈodfor＿_(dá)_＿＿_(dá)__(6）．Iftheｍistakeｗasaｓｅｒiｏuｓｏnｅ，orifｓｏmeｐｅopｌewerｅinconｖeｎiencedｍoreｔhaｎoｔhｅrs,ｔhｅｎthｅ________shｏuldｆｏlｌｏｗthepublicapｏlｏgywithpriｖateoneｓto____＿＿_(dá)_(８).Itｉｓespecｉaｌlｙｉｍｐｏrtａｎｔforexｅcutivesandcｏmpanyheａdｓtoｂeabletｏaｄｍittheiｒｍiｓtaｋes.Soｍetimｅsｌｅaｄersaｒeafrａidthatifthey＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)_(9),ｔｈeywillｌｏsethereｓｐectｏftheiｒemploｙｅｅs．Actｕaｌlｙ___＿＿＿_(dá)_(10)—iｆｙouａrehonｅsｔwｉthyourｅmployeesaｎｄyourself，_＿_(dá)_____(11）,andshｏｗthatyｏuarewiｌlinｇtｏacceptblamewｈenyoumakeamistake,thｅnｙoｕremployeesｗillbe____＿_(dá)_＿（１2)yｏu．Theywillaｌｓoｂeｍoｒelikelytｏａｄmｉttｈeiroｗｎｍistaｋes.Ｉfyou＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)(13）ｏneｐerson,itisusuallybestｔoapoｌogizetothatpｅｒｓonａlｏne,unlessyourmiｓｔａｋｅ_____＿＿＿(14)byaｌargegroｕpofpeople.Ｆoｒｅxaｍplｅ，ｉfLeoｎard_＿_(dá)__＿＿_(dá)(15)toMr.Todddurｉngａcommitteeｍeｅtｉng，iｔｗouldｂe＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)（１6)forＬeｏnardtoａpologizeｔoMｒ．Tｏｄdattｈenextcommittｅｅｍeeting.Ifthｅ_＿_(dá)____＿(17)createdｂyｔheiｎitialmｉstakeispublｉc,tｈentheapologyshouｌｄbepｕblic.Ｈoｗever,ifLｅonａrdraisｅdhiｓvoicetoMr．Toｄｄwhenｏnlythetwooftｈｅｍ＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)(18)，hｅmayａpoｌｏgizeｐrｉvaｔｅly.Ｎoｔiceａsｗｅll_＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)_(19)tｈeaｐolｏgiｅsarｅ.Asｓooｎasyｏurｅalizeyouｈavemaｄeamistake,youshouｌd_____＿＿＿(２0).PartＢ:ListeｎinｇComｐrehｅnsioｎ1.Stａt(yī)ｅmeｎtsＤｉreｃtions:Inthisｐarｔoｆｔhetｅsｔ,youwillｈearseｖeｒalsｈortｓtａt(yī)eｍents.Theｓｅstａt(yī)ementsｗｉｌlbｅｓpokenＯNLYONCE,ａnｄyouwillnoｔfiｎdtｈｅmｗrittenontｈｅpapｅr;soyoumustlistencarefully.Whｅnyoｕhearastａｔｅment,reaｄｔｈeansｗerｃhoicesanddeｃideｗhichonｅisclosesｔinmｅanｉngtothestatementｙouhaｖeheaｒd.TheｎｗritetheletterｏftheanswerｙouhａvecｈoseninthecｏrｒesｐｏndingｓｐaｃeinｙourAＮSＷERBＯＯKLET.1.(Ａ）Ｉhavefｉｎｉｓｈeｄmｙlｕncｈ.(Ｂ）Iｃａn'twａitｔｏmaketheｐｈoｎｅcaｌl.(C)Ihａｖetostａyiｎtheofficｅ.（D)Idｏn'ｔｌiｋetoeatintheｃafｅteｒia.2.(Ａ）Someonｅｆromｔｈehouｓingoｆfiｃewiｌlfixthetoiｌet.(Ｂ)Peｔerwilｌｐhoｎethｅhｏｕsingofficeforｙou.(C)Yｏucanｆixthetoiletinthebathｒoombｙyｏｕrｓｅlf．（Ｄ)Ｐｅterwｉllrepaiｒｔhetｏiletｉｎthebathroom．3．(A)Ｉｎdｉviduａlsgｏodａt(yī)ｃonversatｉｏｎｓmayfindｉtｈaｒｄtomａkｅｔheirfｉｒstspeechbeforeaｌａrｇeaudienｃe.(Ｂ)Studeｎtstｒａiｎedfortｈｅirfirsｔｐubliｃsｐeｅｃｈｅssｈouldbｅgiveｎlessoｎsinaconｖersatｉonalsｅttiｎg.(C）Thｅfutuｒｅoftｈosｅpeopleafraidofgiｖｉngapubliｃspｅe(cuò)chｌｉｅsｉntｈetraiｎiｎgｏfmakingｗonｄerfulcｏnveｒsationｓ.（Ｄ)Moｓtindiviｄuａｌsprefeｒtoｍakｅapublｉcspeechiｎaconvｅｒsatioｎａlsettｉngwiｔｈanattentiveａudiｅnce.4.(A）Tｈetreｅsarｅbeingｃｕtｄown.(B)Thetrｅe(cuò)ｓareblocｋｉngmｙview.（Ｃ)Tｈｅtreｅsgrowbeｔterarｏuｎdtheofｆｉce．(D)Ｔheｔreeshｅlpｃｏoｌmyｏfｆicｅ.５．（A)Eｖｅrｙonewanｔｓtｏａt(yī)teｎdtotｈiｓschoｏl,aｓitisaprivateiｎｓtｉtｕtion.(B)Itisimｐossiｂｌeforyouｔokeeptoｙｏuｒowninthisboaｒdｉnｇschool.(C)Weaｌlgetaｌｏngvｅrywelliｎthisboarｄingschool,ａsiｆofcｌosefrｉends.（D)Iｔisnotimporｔａnｔｔostｅpiｎｔootheｒpeopｌe＇ｓafｆａirshｅreatthisscｈooｌ．6.(A)ThｉrtypercｅntｏｆtｈeGermanｐopulaｔｉｏnｃaｎｒeｃｅivecｏlｌegｅｅｄｕcation．(B)Ameｒicａnsｔudｅntｓenｊｏyaverｙhｉghｒatｅoｆadmｉssiｏntｏcollegeｉnｔheworlｄ．(Ｃ)Coｍｐarativelｙsｐeａking,tｈeｒeareｍoreBriｔisｈpeｏｐlethanｔhｅFrenｃhaｔｔendinｇｃoｌlegｅ．(Ｄ)Amｅricancollegeｓtｕdeｎtsarｅｅnviedby６0％ｏfhigｈｓcｈooｌｇraｄuatesarouｎdｔｈｅwoｒｌｄ.７．(A)Weｓhouldaｄoｐｔa４-ｙｅartermfortheｄiｒectorｓａｎdｃhairmaｎ.(B)Thetermofｔhｅｄｉrectｏrsaｎdchaiｒmanｗｉllｂeｄecidｅdinfｏuryearｓ.(C)Ｔhｅtermoftｈedireｃtorsandｃｈairmaｎｔuｒnsouｔｔoｂe２yeａrs．(D)It'sｒｅasonａｂletomakepolｉciｅsｏfcontiｎuityandstabilitｙfoｒthecompaｎy．8.(A）Nogｏvernｍｅｎtortheoｒycanａloｎeｃopｅwiｔｈthｅcｏmpleｘitiｅsｏftｈeｇlｏbalｅconomy.(B）Nogovernｍeｎtcanuｎderｓｔaｎdthｅtｈeoryｏftｈｅgloｂalecｏｎｏｍyｂｅcauseofitscomｐｌｅxitiｅs.(C)WorlｄWarＩIhasmadetｈegｌobalecｏｎｏmymorecｏmplｅｘtｏｂeexplainedｉｎｔｅrmsofｔradｉtｉｏnａlｅcoｎomicthｅorｉes.(D)Ourgovernｍenｔmusｔfrａmeａｎewｔhｅorｙsoastocontｒolthｅdeveｌopｍenｔｏｆｔhegloｂalｅcｏｎomy.９.(A）ChildｒensｈｏｕｌdbereｓpoｎｓｉbleｆｏrmosｔofthｅfireｄeathｓiｎＡｍｅrica．(Ｂ)Adｕｌｔsloadｔhｅhoｕseswithtoomuchsｔufｆ，ｗhichiｓeａｓytocａt(yī)chｆire.(C)Nｉnetｅｅｎpercentｏfｔheｆiresaｒeattriｂutedtochildrenpｌaｙiｎｇwiｔhmａｔches.（Ｄ)Ａdulｔsｓhouldeｘercisemoreandsｔriｃterpｒｅｃautiｏnsaｇaiｎstfireｓ.10.(A)Ｉfyouａrｅhuｎｇｒy,you＇dbetｔergｏtoｔhenearｅsｔsupermarkｅt.(B）FewＡmｅｒiｃａncｏnsumersｗouｌdchｏoｓeｔｏgoshoｐpinｇｉnWal-Mａrｔ.(Ｃ)In２０23,shｏｐpinｇovertｈeIntｅrnetｒoseby2８pｅrcent.（Ｄ）In2023,ａbout$14billioｎofgoｏdsweｒeboughtovｅｒtｈｅInternet.2.TalksａnｄConvｅrsatｉoｎsDirecｔｉons:Intｈｉｓpartｏfthetest,youwillｈearsevｅrａｌshortｔaｌksaｎdcｏnversatioｎs.Ａｆtｅｒｅachoｆthｅse,youｗiｌlｈeａrafewquestionｓ.ＬistencarefuｌlｙｂecaｕｓeyouｗｉlｌheａｒｔｈeｔalkorconverｓatｉonaｎｄqueｓtiｏnｓONＬYONCE.Whenｙouｈearａｑueｓｔｉonreadthefouranswｅ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isherＣｏllegeＣhiefofCamｐusPoliｃｅJohｎＭcＬauｇhlｉn."Ｌikeａｎyothｅｒｃollegｅaｎduniversity,wewanｔthｉｓtoｂｅaｓopenofａrｅlatｉonshｉｐａspｏssiｂlｅ.Ｗeｄon'tｗanｔｔobetｏoobtrusiveanｄwealsoｄon'twanｔｔobｅtｏｏsｔrict.Ｉtrequiresrealｄiligeｎce．"1.Whichofthｅfollowingbestdeｓｃｒｉbｅsfacｅ?(A)Itisapoｐularｗebsitewiththeｓtudｅnts.(B)Itiｓcrime-fiｇhｔinｇｔooｌiｎventedｂyｔheｐoｌｉｃe.(C)Ｉtisaneｌｅctｒonｉcbooｋofstｒictｃampusregulatioｎs.（D）ＩｔisavirｔuaｌpartyｈｅldontheＩnｔerｎet.2.WｈatistｈeｔraｄｉtｉｏnａlwａｙforｔhｅｃａmｐｕsｐoliｃetｏｅnsuresecurｉtｙｏnSaｔurdays？(A)Ｔｏpatroltｈecａｍpｕsｒｅｇulaｒly．(B）Tｏｃheｃｋｔhestｕdenｔs'ｗebsｉte.(C)Tｏmoｎiｔｏrnoｉｓesontｈecampus.(D)Toｗarｎthestuｄｅntｓｉnａdvance.3.Whａt(yī)doｅstheaｕｔhorｔrｙtoshoｗwiththｅ"CakeＰartｙ"iｎｃiｄent?（Ａ)Itwａswroｎgoｆthepｏliｃetｏiｎｔerｆereinｔhepａrｔｙ.(B)Thｅｐｏｌiceweredefiniteｌyｌookingattｈewebsite.(Ｃ)Tｈｅsｔudentｓtriｅdｔｏproteｃtｔhｅｉroｗｎrigｈt.(D）Ｐａrtieslｉkｅthisoneweｒeｄanｇｅｒoｕｓ．4．WhatdosｔuｄｅｎtslikeＫｙleＳtonemａnthinkoｆthepolicｅｕsingfaceｂｏok.ｃｏm?(A)Itｉsimmｏｒal.(Ｂ)Ｉtiｓiｌlegａl．（C）Ｉtisｈeｌｐfuｌ.(Ｄ)Itisｕnｄerｓtandaｂle．５.Whiｃhofｔhefｏｌｌowingisthemajorconcernofthepolice?（A)Ｈowtorevoluｔionizｅｃampusdetecｔivewｏrkａndcombatcｒｉmeeffeｃtiｖely.(B)Howtｏstrikeabalancebetｗeenlaｗenfoｒceｍentａｎdhumaｎrelａt(yī)iｏnship．(C)Howtｏusefacebｏｏk.coｍwiｔhouｔbeiｎｇfoundoutｂythｅｓｔudｅnｔs．(D)Hoｗｔoendthelongstandiｎghoｓtiliｔybetweｅnthestｕdentsanｄtｈeｐｏｌicｅ.Quｅstｉｏns6~10AfterSABMiｌleｒｌoｓtabiddingwarforChiｎa＇sHarｂｉｎBrewerｙＧrｏｕｐtoAnheuｓｅr-BuschCosotｗｏyeａrsａgo,ｉｔｌｏokedaｓifAmerｉca'sKｉngofＢｅe(cuò)rswｏulｄｒeignoｖeｒtｈeＭｉdｄleKiｎgdomaswｅｌl.Anheuｓｅｒ-Buｓｃｈ,afteraｌl,hadａlreadysealeｄadeａｌwｉthChｉnａ'sleaｄingbreｗeｒy，Tsiｎgｔao,anｄwithHarｂiniｎiｔsstableitｌookeduｎbeaｔaｂｌｅ.ButSAＢＭｉlｌeｒhaｄaPlanBｔhatcoｕldwelｌgiveｉｔｔhｅtｈroneaｆteｒaｌl.SincｅlosiｎｇHaｒbｉｎ，Londｏn－ｂasedSＡBhａｓfoｃusediｔsenergiesｏna12-year-oｌｄjointｖeｎture,CｈiｎａＲesｏｕrcesSnowＢreweriesLｔd.,tｈatisnoｗｔhｒｉviｎg.ＩｎJｕnｅ，CRSnoｗ,wｈｉｃhincludes46brｅｗeｒｉesacrｏsstｈｅcountry,surpassedlongtｉmeｌeaderTsｉｎgtaｏｆoｒtheNo.lspoｔ.Fｏrthe12ｍontｈsｔhroughJune,CRSnowｐｒｏdｕｃedｎearly４０mｉｌｌiｏnbaｒｒelｓ,vs.3７miｌｌioｎforTsｉngtaｏ.Asarｅsult,ＣＲSnowbｏasts14．9%oftheCｈinｅsｅmarkｅt,comparｅdwitｈTsｉnｇtａo's13．9%.＂Ourgrｏwtｈhasbeｅｎoｎtｈebａcｋoｆavｅryconｓｉｓtｅntａndｔarｇetｅdstrategy,"sａysWaｙneHaｌｌ，SＡBMiller＇sfinaｎｃedirecｔorinＣhｉna．ＢothcompａnｉesｗanttoｂetｈetｏａｓtofChina．AsbeersaleｓｉｎｔheU.S.ａndWesｔｅrｎEurｏpeｈavｅlosttｈeirｆiｚz,ｔhｅy'regrowｉｎgat8%-plｕsannｕallyinChina.ＴhathａshelｐedChiｎaoverｔaｋetｈeＵ.S.asｔｈeworld＇sｔoｐbeeｒｍarket.SABwaｓearｌytoseｅｔhepｒoｍiｓeofChiｎa，wｈereithasbｅｅnbrewiｎgsiｎcｅ199４.YｅｔinｓteａｄoftargetinｇbigciｔiｅsｓucｈaｓＳｈaｎghａiａndBｅｉjinｇ,aｓiｔscompｅｔitorsｄiｄ,ＳABMｉlｌerscｏopedupｂrｅweｒiｅsiｎｌｅsｓａｆfluｅnｔaｒｅas,ｉncludingthｅｎortｈeａsternrｕｓｔｂｅｌtａndtheｐopuloｕsiｎlandｐrovinceoｆSichuan．ThiscontrarｉanstrategｙhaｓａllowedＳABMillertobｕｉｌdupanatｉｏｎaｌfｏoｔpriｎtatbarｇaｉｎｐrｉcｅｓ.ＷhiｌeAnheｕserponiedｕp＄700ｍillion—asmuchａs＄62perbａrｒｅlｏfaｎnualbｒewingｃａpacｉty—forSABMillerhａsbeｅｎsmartinitspｏｓitiｏｎiｎgｏftheflagshiｐSｎowbｒand.Toａｐpealtｏupwardlymobileyouth，itｓlａppedaｓhinｙ,ｍodernlabeloｎｔｈe５0－year-olｄｂｒｅwａｎdlaunchedaｎationａladcampaｉgnemｐhasizingthebeer＇ｓfｒesｈｎｅss，ｃomｐleｔewithswｅe(cuò)pstakesthatrｅwarｄwinnｅrsｗitｈoｕｔdｏorvacaｔｉons．Tｈeｍaｒketiｎgpushiｓｐaｙｉｎgoffasitprｅｓsesinｔothebigｃities.Chｉnanowａccｏuntsfornｅａrly２0%ofSABＭiｌｌer＇stotalvolumeｓ,andSnoｗｈasｂｅｃｏmｅChinａ'sＮo.ｌbrand.Soon,itwillprobａｂlyｓurｐaｓsMilｌｅrＬitｅａｓthebiggestsellerintheｃompａny'ｓcooler．6.Whａｔiｓthｉsartｉcｌｅmainlyaboｕt?(A)Thｅｂiｄdiｎgwarbeｔｗｅe(cuò)ｎSＡBＭilｌerａｎdAnｈeuseｒ-ＢｕschCｏs.(B）ChinahasｏveｒtakenthｅU.Sａsthetoｐbeermarket.(C)ＨowSABMｉllerbeatsAnhｅuｓｅrinｇlobaｌmａkets．（D)ThｅsuccessofSAＢMillｅｒinChina．7．Ｗhａt(yī)makesSnｏｗｂeeroneofthebesｔ-ｓeｌliｎｇbeeｒsｉnCｈinａ？（A)Tpａnyhａssｐecｉaltｅchｎoｌogｉes.(B)Sｎowbeertastesｂeｔtｅr.(C)Theｃoｍpanyｈasaｄopｔedaｎｅfｆectｉｖemａrketinｇstrateｇｙ.(D）CRSnｏｗhaspurpｏselyｂｏｕgｈtｃheaｐｅrassｅtsfrｏｍＳABMiｌler．8.Ｔhewoｒd"aｆfluenｔ"inｐaragｒaph4ｃaｎｂereplａcedｂy______.（A)weaｌthy（B)pｏpulous(C)infｌuenｔial(Ｄ）ｆlｕent9.WhicｈofｔｈｅfollowingisＴRUEaccoｒdingtｏｔheaｒｔiｃlｅ？（A)SＡBＭｉllｅrisanAmｅrica－basｅｄbeeｒcompａny．(B)Snowｂeｅrisnowbeingsoldａllaroｕｎdtｈewoｒld.（C)ＢeeｒsaｌｅsiｎtheU．S.ａndＷｅstｅrｎEｕｒopeｄropｐedｒecently.(D）Snoｗbｅe(cuò)riswｅlcomedｂybotｈyouｔhsand50-ｙｅar-olds．１０.Ｗｈatcａｎｂecoｎｃlｕdｅｄfｒｏmthisaｒtｉｃle?(A)ＴsｉｎgdaobｅｅrｉslesstａsｔyｔhａｎＳｎowｂｅｅr.(B）Ａｎheuｓer－BusｃhｕｓedtobeｔhelarｇestbeercoｍｐａnyiｎEuroｐｅ．(C）SABMiｌｌeｒｓｐeｎt$700milｌｉonｉnｂｕiｌdinｇnewｂreｗeries.(D)SnowｂeerislikeｌyｔobecomethebｉｇｇesｔselleriｎSＡＢMｉller.Qｕｅstionｓ1１~15Inｔheinfｏrmatioｎteｃhnologyｉndustｒｙ，itｉsｗidｅlyａckｎｏwledgedthａt(yī)hoｗｗellＩTｄｅpａｒtmentｓofｔheｆuturｅcanｆｕｌfilｔheirbusinesｓｇｏalswiｌｌdeｐendnoｔontｈeｒegｕlarupdａt(yī)iｎgofｔechnolｏgy,wｈichｉｓessentialｆｏｒtｈemtodo,butonhoｗwｅlｌtｈｅycａnhｏldonｔothepeopleskilledatmanipulatｉｎｇthenewesttｅｃhnologｙ.Ｔhisisbｅcomｉnｇmoｒｅdifficｕlt．BｅｓｔｅｓtiｍatｅsofthｅcurrentｓhortfａｌliｎＩTsｔaffinｔheUＫarebetwｅe(cuò)n30,0０0and50,0０0，ａｎdgrowing．Ａndtｈerｅｉsnoeｎdtｏtｈｅprobｌｅminsigｈt．Ａsevｅreiｎdustrｙ－ｗidelackofiｎveｓｔmentiｎｔrainiｎｇmeansｔhelong-ｔermskｉｌlsbaseｉsbothａgeingaｎｄshｒinｋing．Emplｏyersaｒechasingｅxperiencedｓtaｆfｉneｖer-decrｅａsingcircles，aｎｄ,ａｃｃｏｒdingｔoａrecｅntｇovernｍenｔreｐｏrt,250，０0０newＩTjoｂｓｗillｂeｃreateｄｏverthenextｄecａｄe．Mostemｐloｙersareconfiｎｉngtｈeｍselｖestodｅaliｎgwiththeimmeｄiatepｒｏｂlemｓ.Thereislitｔｌｅe(cuò)vｉdｅｎce，forｅxamｐle,thattheyareｓteppinguｐtｈeｉrintakeofrawreｃruｉtsforin-hｏｕseｔraiｎｉｎg,ｏrrｅｔｒaｉｎiｎgexiｓｔingｓtafffromotｈeｒｆuncｔｉons.ThｉsｉｓthｅcｏｕrseoｆactionrecｏmｍenｄedbytheCompｕｔｅrＳoftwareServicesAｓsociation,buｔｒesearchsｈowｓiｔsmembersaｒeａdoptingtｈeｓhort-teｒmmeasuｒeｏfbrｉnginｇinmｏrｅanｄmorecｏnｓuｌtantsonaｃontrａｃｔbａsis.WｉthIＴproｆesｓioｎalｓinｃreasinglｙattｒacteｄｔｏtheｆiｎanciaｌreｗardｓandｆlexibilｉtｙofconsｕlｔａncywoｒk，averagesｔａｆｆtuｒnoｖeｒratesaｒeestimateｄtｏbearound15%．WhilｅmaｎyｃompａｎiｅｓiｎtheｆｉnaｎciａｌservicesｓeｃtoraremaｎａgｉngtocontａintｈeirｌossesbyｏfferinｇsｋｉlledIＴstaｆf"goldeｎhandcｕffs"—deｆｅrredloyaltyboｎuｓeｓthattiethｅminuntilａceｒtaindaｔe—oｔherorganisａt(yī)ions,likeｌoｃalgovernｍents,ａｒｅunａbletｏmatchthecoｍpｅtitｉｖesalarieｓandperksonoｆferintheprivａt(yī)ｅsectorandcoｎtractoｒmarkeｔ，ａndaresufｆeｒｉnｇturnoｖｅrrateｓoｆuｐtｏ60％ａyear.Butwｈｉｌeｌｏｙａｌtｙbonuseｓhavegrabbeｄｔｈｅheadlineｓ,thereaｒeotｈｅrmeａnsoｆｈｏldｉnｇoｎｔostａff.SｏpａｎiesarｅdoinｇadｄitioｎalITpａｙrevｉewsｉnthｅyearａndpaｙingｍarｋeｔｐreｍiｕmｓ.Bｕtsuｃhmeａsurｅscancreateseｒｉｏｕｓempｌoｙｅe(cuò)relaｔionsproblｅmｓamongthoｓｅe(cuò)xcｌuｄed，bothwithinandｏutsidｅITdepartｍeｎtｓ．Mａnyｉnｄustryexpertsａｄｖiｓeeｍpｌoｙｅrstｏliｎｋbonuｓeｓtoperforｍaｎｃewhｅｒeverpｏｓsｉｂｌe.Hｏwｅver,employersarerealisingｔhatbonusｅswｉｌlonｌyｓucｃｅe(cuò)difｔheyａreaccoｍpanieｄｂyotｈerincentivessuｃhasattｒaｃｔivecareeｒｐrosｐeｃtｓ,traｉning,ａnｄchallengiｎｇｗorkthatmeｅｔstheindiｖidual'sloｎg－termambitiｏnｓ.11.Accordinｇｔｏthepａssage,thesｕｃceｓsoｆITｄeｐａrtｍentswiｌldｅpendon_＿＿＿_(dá)_．（A)ｔhｅｉｒｓuccessatretainｉngtｈｅｉrskilｌｅdstaff(B)theeｘteｎttowｈichｔhｅｙinｖｅstinnｅwｔeｃhnoｌogｙ(C）theｉratｔempｔsｔｏrecruiｔsｔafｆwithｔheneceｓsaｒyskilｌs(D)theabilityｏfemｐloｙｅe(cuò)stokeｅpupｗiththelatestｄevelopmｅnts12.Tｈepｒｏblｅmreferredtoiｎｔｈesecoｎdparagｒaｐhiｓthat_____＿.(A)thegｏｖeｒnmenｔneedsｔocrｅaｔｅｔhousandsofnewＩTposts(B）thepooｌｏfsｋilledITpｅoｐlewｉllｇetevｅｎsmaｌlerintｈeｆuture（Ｃ）companybｕdgetsfoｒＩTｔrａｉninghavebeeｎdeｃｒeaｓinｇstｅａdily(D)olderＩTprofｅsｓiｏnalshavｅnｏadｅquateｔｒaining13.Whatｉsthepｏｓsiｂlesoluｔiontoｔhｅlong-termｐrｏbleｍsintheＩTindustry?(A）Ｔoｏffertoｐraｔestoａt(yī)tｒaｃttheｂestspecialｉｓtcoｎｓuｌｔants．（B)Toｅｘpanｄcompanytｒaiｎinｇprｏgｒaｍsｆoｒneｗandolｄeｍployeｅs.(Ｃ）Tｏｃonduｃtmoｒeｒesearchintｏtｈeｒeａｓonsforstaｆfleaving.（D)Toensｕrｅtｈaｔpermanｅntstaｆfｅaｒnthesameaｓｃontracｔstaff.１４.Iｎsomebusinessesinthefiｎancialseｒvicessecｔor,theITsｔaｆfｉngproblemｈａsledtｏ＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_.（A)addｉｔionalbenefitsforsｋｉlｌｅdstａffａfteｒaspｅcifiedperｉodoftimｅ(B)ｍoｒｅe(cuò)mploｙeesseeｋingaｌternatｉｖeemplｏymenｔiｎthepubｌicsｅctor(C)thelossｏｆcustｏmerstｏrivalorganiｚations(D)mｏrｅfｌeｘibｌecｏndｉｔionｓｏｆworkfortｈeｉｒstaff1５.EmpｌoyeｒｓaccｅptｔhatIＴｐｒofｅｓsｉonalｓarｅｍｏｒｅlikelytoｓtaｙintheirｐreｓeｎtpostifthey＿_(dá)____.(Ａ)aresetｍorereａlｉsｔicperfｏｒmａｎｃetaｒgetｓ(Ｂ)hａｖeａgｏoｄwoｒkingrelationshipwｉｔhｓtａffinotｈerdeｐaｒtｍｅnts(Ｃ)videdwithopportｕnitiesｆoｒpｒｏfeｓsionaldｅvｅｌopmｅnｔ(D）ｒｅｃeｉｖｅａreｍuｎeｒatiｏnｐaｃkaｇeａｔｔopｍaｒkｅtraｔesQuｅstｉonｓ16~2０DｅclanＭａyes，PresidｅntｏｆｔheＭusicＢuｙｅrsＡssｏｃiaｔion,ｉsfuriousatarecentannouncemeｎtbyｔｈerecoｒdinginduｓｔryrｅｇａrdingpeopleｄｏwnloaｄingMP3ｍusicfiｌesfｒomtｈｅInterneｔasacｔuaｌｃrimiｎaｌｓ．Afｅｗparallelsmaybeinstructｉｖｅ.Ifsomeoneｃopiesａｎauｄiｏmuｓｉccasｓetteｆoｒtheiｒownprivａt(yī)eusｅ，theyaｒe,ｓｔrｉctlyspeaking,ｂreakiｎgtheｌaｗ.Ｂutｒeｃoｒｄinｇcoｍpａｎiｅshaveusuallyturnedablｉnｄeｙeｔothispracticeｂecauｓｅpｒoｓecutiｎgｔhefewpｅopleinvolvedｗouldbeｄifficulｔ,anｄtｈefinancialｌosstｏthｅcompanｙiｔselfｉsｎotｃoｎsideｒeｄsigniｆiｃant.ＮowtheＭｕsicRecordinｇAsｓoｃｉationhaｓａｎnounceｄｔｈatitｒegaｒdsinｄｉｖｉdualsｄoｗｎlｏａｄingmｕsｉｃfromtheInternｅtaｓｐiraｔｅs,cｌaimｉngthaｔtheydamagｅtｈeiｎdustrｙinjuｓttｈesaｍeway."Tｈｅinｄｕsｔryｐletelyoveｒｒｅaｃtｉng；iｔ'ｌlｂｅalａughｉnｇstｏcｋ,"ｓaysMａyes."Ｔhey'reｇoinｇtoａrrｅｓtsoｍｅteenageｒdoｗnloadｉngfiｌｅｓinhisbｅdroom—andsuehimforthoｕsaｎdsofdollarｓ!Thisｉｓn'tgoingｔｏfｒightenanyoneintobuｙingCDs"．Maｙｅsmａｙhａveapoiｎt.Thｅreisagenｅralconsensｕsthａt(yī)CDpiｒａt(yī)esshoｕｌdｂesuｂjｅctｅdtothefｕｌlwrathoｆtｈeｌaw,butfeｗｗouldseｅａnindividｕａｌdownloadｉngmuｓicforhiｓorheroｗnｐleaｓuｒeｉntｈesamelighｔ.Howevｅr，dｏwnloａdｉngmｕsiｃfiｌesillegａllyisnｏｔａsｉnnoｃuousａsmakiｎｇｐrｉｖａt(yī)ｅcopiｅsofaudｉocasｓeｔteｓ.Thescraｔcｈy，ｄistorｔedcａsｓettecopyisａｐoorversｉonoftheorｉginalrecoｒding,whｅｒeaｓaｎMP３fileisoｆhighqualityandcanbeｓtoｒeｄ—onaCD,ｆｏrexａmple.Iｔｉsthｉsｔｈａt(yī)ｍａkｅsthepracticeaｐoweｒfultemｐtａt(yī)ionｆｏrmusiｃfaｎs,giventhehiｇhｃosｔofＣDｓ.WhatdoesMaｙeｓtｈｉｎkaboｕｔcｌaimｓthａｔmusiｃcomｐａniescouｌdｂefoｒceｄouｔofｂusinessｂypeoplｅdowｎｌoadｉngmusiｃillegally?That'snonsｅnse.Ｍusicｃomｐａnｉesarealwａyswｈｉnｉnｇaboｕtｈighcosts,butthａt(yī)doｅsn＇tpreｖentthemｆromｒecordinghundredsofCDsｂｐletｅlyunknowｎａrtists,ｍａnyｏfｗhomaｒe＂packaged"bymarkｅｔiｎgdepａrtｍeｎtstoappealtｏyoungconsｕmeｒｓ．Thｅｃｏｍｐａｎiesaｒesｉｍpｌyhopｉngthatonｅofｔhｅｓenｅwｂandsorsignersｗiｌlbeaｈｉｔ，aｎdaｌthouｇhiｔcanbeexpenｓivｅｔoｐromｏtenｅwａrtists,ｔhecosｔofｍanufaｃturｉngtｈeＣDsｉsactualｌｙｖeｒylow.Thislａstpoinｔwouldaｐpｅartｏｂｅtｈefoｃusofreseｎtmｅｎtａgainｓtmｕｓiｃcompaｎies:ａＣＤisｆarｃheapertｏprｏdｕｃethanitspriｃｅintheshopsｗoｕldindiｃate，andprofitｍaｒｇiｎsfｏrｔhemｕsiｃcompａniesａｒehuｇe．Ａnadｕltwｉtｈａreaｓｏnablｅincomemａyｎotoｂjｅｃtｔｏpayiｎg￡１5fｏｒaCＤofclasｓiｃａlmｕsic,bｕtaｔｅe(cuò)nagｅrbuｙinｇaＣDbytｈelatesｔpopｓensationmayfindtｈaｔprｉｃｅｒａt(yī)hｅrsteeｐ—ｅｓｐｅｃiallysinceｔhelatｅｓtｐopsenｓａt(yī)iｏnisalｍosｔcertａｉntobefｏｒgｏｔtenwｉthiｎafewmonths.Anｄwhiletheｒｅcｏrdｉnｇinｄustrｙcaｎ'tbｅheｌｄrespｏｎｓibleｆｏｒtｈeｅvａnｅｓceｎtnatureｏffame,givｅnｔheｔeenagｅappetiteｆｏｒanythingnoｖｅl,itcoｕlｄloｗｅｒthepｒicｅsｉtcｈarges—especiaｌlｙｓｉncｅtｅchｎｏlｏｇyisｍakingCDｓevenｃheａpertｏproｄuｃe.ThｉsiswhatMayeｓhopeswillｈaｐpen．Iｆthemuｓicinｄustrystopsexploitingtheｍusic－ｂuyingｐublic,iｔcanｓｕrvｉve．EｖｅrｙonewouｌdratｈerbuｙaCD，witｈanattractiveｊackeｔandbｏoklｅｔ,thａnmessarounddownｌoadiｎｇfiles，ｂutthepricehastoｂereａsｏｎａｂｌe.Tｈblemｉｓn'tgｏingtoｖanishｉｆtｈeiｎdustｒｙcaｒｒiesonｔｒyｉnｇtomａkｅａquickｐrofiｔ．Techｎologyhasｃauｇhtupwitｈthｅmusiccompanies,andｔryiｎgtofighｔitbytakiｎgｐeoｐｌetｏcｏurtwiｌlｏnlｙeaｒｎmonｅyｆｏrtheｌawyerｓ.16.Mａyesthｉｎｋsthatthｅrｅcordｉngｉnｄustrｙ'srecentanｎｏuncement＿_(dá)__＿＿.(Ａ)failsｔotakeintoacｃｏunttheｄifｆicultiesofpｒosecutingoffenders(B)makｅsthｅｉndｕsｔrｙappearriｄiｃｕlous(C)willdetｅｒcoｎsuｍeｒｓfroｍｂuyｉngCＤs(D)ｗiｌlencｏｕrageresentmentoｆＣDpｉracy17.Whｙｄoesthewriterfｅe(cuò)ｌｔhａt(yī)MP3ｆｉｌesａrｅunlikecopiesｏfaudiocaｓsｅttes?(A）DownloadedMP3ｆilｅsarｅgenerallynotforprｉvaｔｅusｅ．（B)Ｔｈefinanciallossestoｔheｍusiｃiｎdｕｓtryaregｒeatｅr.（Ｃ)ThepriceofＭP3sｉsｈiｇhertｈantｈatofaudiocａｓseｔtｅs．（D)Therｅｉｓasiｇniｆicａnｔdiffeｒenｃeinｑｕality．１８.Aｃｃordingｔｏthepassaｇe,Maｙesimｐｌｉｅstｈatmｕsｉｃｃompaｎieｓ＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__.（A)cｏulｄcuｔｃostsｂymａkiｎｇcｈｅａpｅrCDs(Ｂ)shouldnotprｏmoｔｅaｒtisｔsｗhoaｒeｕｎｋｎown(C)aｒespecｕlａt(yī)iｎgｗhentheyprｏmotenewartisｔs(D)ｓhｏｕｌdｕsedifferentｍanufaｃturingpｒｏcesｓｅs19.Ｔheａｕthｏrpointsoutthattheｍｕsicｉndｕsｔrｙcanｎotbeblamedfｏr＿_(dá)____.(A)thefaｃtthａt(yī)fｅwerｔeenagerｓarebuyingｃｌａssicalｍuｓicCDs（B)thefａcｔｔhaｔfａshionｓchanｇequｉｃkly(C)tｈeｐooｒqｕａliｔyoｆmｏdeｒnmｕsic(D）tｈeprｉcesthataｒｅchargｅdforＣDsｉnshoｐｓ2０.WhaｔdｏesMａyｅsthinkｉsaｔtherootofthesurvivaｌｐrobｌeｍfａciｎｇthｅｍusｉｃiｎdｕstry?(A）Theunｐrecedｅntedｓpｅe(cuò)doftｅchnoｌogicaｌdevelｏｐmｅnt.（B）Uｎrealisｔiclｅgaladvicｅandｐracｔice．（C)Itsfailurｅtｏaｄｏptaｎapprｏpriatepricinｇsｔraｔｅｇy.(D）Theｒapidlyｃｈangingnａt(yī)ureofcontｅｍporaｒymusic.Qｕｅstions21-25.ｃomThebasicstｏryｉｓvｅryoldindeedanｄfamiｌiａrtomostofus.Theｈeroine，Ciｎdereｌla，istｒｅａt(yī)edcｒuellybyherstepmotｈeranｄmocｋedｂyｈerｔwouｇlyｓｔepsisters.Ａｎdevｅnthｏuｇhhｅｒfatｈerlovesｈeｒ,ｓhｅｃaｎ'tteｌlhimｈoｗunhａppyｓhｅｉｓbecauseherstepｍoｔｈerhasbewitcｈｅｄhim.OnｅｄayＣｉnｄｅrelｌa'sｓtepｍｏtｈerandsｔｅpsｉsterｓareinvitedtoaｂaｌlattheｒoｙalpalacｅ.Ciｎderellaistoｌdsheｃannotgoandｉsunderstａndablyveryunhapｐy.However，herfairygodｍestoｔｈerescueaｎd,wavinｇherｍagiｃwanｄ,ｐrodｕcessomebeautｉfulcloｔｈｅsforCindｅｒelｌaasweｌlａsacａｒriａgetｏconvｅｙhertotｈebａll.Theｒe,ｓheｄancｅswithｔhehandsomｅpｒincｅ，wｈofallsinlｏｖewithｈer...Jｕstasweet,pｒettyｔａle?NotiｎthｅviｅwｏfＥlｌｅｎMacｉｎtosh,ｗｈohaswriｔtenｅxtenｓivelyaｂｏｕtfairｙｔａleｓ．＇Ｔhiｓstoｒyfｅaｔuresthｅｓtock,ｔwｏ-dｉmｅnsｉｏnａlｃｈａractersoｆmostfairyｔａles,aｎdlitｔlｅcharacｔerdeveloｐmｅntisatｔｅmｐteｄ,'shesａys.Indeeｄ,althｏugｈｈerｃommeｎtｄoesmakeonｅwondｅrwhysiｍplicｉtyoftｈissｏrtshouｌdbeoｕｔofplaceiｎastoｒyforcｈｉldren.Ｂethａt(yī)aｓitmay,Ellen'ｓｍainproｂlｅmiswｉthwhａt(yī)thestoryimplieｓ.'Iｎsteadofstandinｇuptｏhercruｅlstepｍｏtheranｄabsurdstepsisters,Ｃｉndeｒellajusｔwaｉtｓforafairygodmotｈertoａppeaｒａndsolveherｐroｂｌeｍ.Bｕｔwouｌdn'tｙouwanｔadaｕgｈｔeroｆyｏurｓｔｏsｈｏｗmoresｐｉｒit?'Ｔheｓtoryiｓeｎ