2021版新高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)Module3TheViolenceofNature學(xué)案外研版必修3

PAGEPAGE24Module3TheViolenceofNature一、語基必備知識(一)重點詞匯——分類記憶Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯——在不認識的詞匯前劃√disastern． floodn.hurricanen. tornadon.lightningn. columnn.currentn. feathern.waven. ashn.eruptvt. eruptionn.volcanon. previousadj.worldwideadj.Ⅱ.核心詞匯——寫其形1．causevt. 引起；導(dǎo)致2．buryvt. 埋葬3．occurvi. 發(fā)生4．ruinvt. 毀壞5．earthquaken. 地震6．a(chǎn)ctiveadj. 積極的；活躍的7．damagen．&v. 損失；損害Ⅲ.拓展詞匯——通其變1．experiencevt.經(jīng)歷→experiencedadj.有經(jīng)驗的2．furnishv．裝備；配備→furnituren．家具3．violentadj.猛烈的；激烈的；強烈的→violentlyadv.強烈地；激烈地→violencen．暴力4．strikevt.&n．(雷電、暴風(fēng)雨等)襲擊→struck(過去式)→stricken/struck(過去分詞)5．possibleadj.可能的→likely/probable(近義詞)→possibilityn．可能；可能性6．terrifyvt.使驚恐；使受驚嚇→terrifyingadj.嚇人的；可怕的→terrifiedadj.恐懼的；受驚嚇的7．luckn．運氣，好運→luckyadj.幸運的→luckilyadv.幸運地；幸虧8．thankfuladj.感激的→thankfullyadv.感激地；滿懷感謝地9．hopevt.&n．希望→hopefullyadv.滿懷希望地；有希望地→hopefuladj.滿懷希望的；有希望的10．sadadj.悲傷的→sadlyadv.傷心地；不幸地→sadnessn．悲傷11．fortunen．運氣；財富→fortunatelyadv.幸運地；幸虧→fortunateadj.幸運的12．warnv．警告→warningn．警告1.“發(fā)生”詞匯大全①occur (偶然)發(fā)生②happen (偶然)發(fā)生③takeplace (計劃等)發(fā)生④comeabout 發(fā)生；產(chǎn)生(尤指不受控制地)⑤breakout (災(zāi)害等)爆發(fā)2.后綴-ly副詞小結(jié)①thankfully 感激地②truly 真正地③bravely 勇敢地④quietly 安靜地⑤similarly 相似地⑥fluently 流利地3.“損害”動詞家族①damage 損害②destroy 毀壞③ruin 毀壞④harm 損害⑤injure 損害⑥hurt 損害(二)重點短語——記牢用活1．pick__up 卷起；掀起；(偶然)學(xué)會2．put__down 記下；放下；鎮(zhèn)壓3．take__off 去掉；突然成功；休假4．on__average 平均起來5．end__up 結(jié)果為……，以……結(jié)束6．set__fire__to 放火(焚燒)……7．catch__fire 著火8．put__out 撲滅(火)9．take__place 發(fā)生10．in__all 總共；總計

1.fire相關(guān)短語大觀園①setfireto 放火(焚燒)……②set...onfire 放火(焚燒)……③catchfire 著火(表示動作)④beonfire 著火(表示狀態(tài))⑤putoutthefire 撲滅火⑥make/light/startafire 點火；生火2.all相關(guān)短語薈萃①inall 總共；總計②afterall 畢竟③notatall 一點也不④firstofall 首先⑤allinall 總的來說⑥aboveall 最重要的是(三)重點句式——背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：leave＋賓語＋賓語補足語Theycandestroyhouses,butleave__the__furniture__inside__exactly__where__it__was．它們(龍卷風(fēng))能夠毀掉房子，卻把房內(nèi)的家具留在原處。句型2：現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語Onaverage,thereare800tornadoesintheUSeachyear，causing__about__80__deathsand1，500injuries.平均來說，美國每年發(fā)生800場龍卷風(fēng)，造成大約80人死亡，1500人受傷。句型3：thereis/wasthepossibilityof...表示“有……的可能性”Whenthelavareachedthesea,there__was__the__possibility__ofahugetidalwavewhichcouldfloodhalftheisland.當巖漿涌進大海時，有可能引發(fā)足以淹沒半個島嶼的巨大浪潮。二、語境強化訓(xùn)練Ⅰ.語境填詞——根據(jù)提示寫出該詞的適當形式A．根據(jù)漢語提示寫出下列單詞1．Asweallknow,theredlightisawarning(警告)signforstop.2．Inprevious(以前的)time,Ididn’trealisehowvaluablehisadvicewas.3．(2018·天津卷)Thepossibility(可能性)thatthereislifeonotherplanetsintheuniversehasalwaysinspiredscientiststoexploretheouterspace.4．Agoodideastruck(想起)mewhileIwaswalkingalongtheriver.5．Oneoftheconsequencesofourplanet’sbeingwarmingupisanincreaseinthenumberofnaturaldisasters(災(zāi)難)．B．根據(jù)所給單詞寫出適當形式6．Withhisreputationdamaged(damage),heregrettedhavingdoneso.7．Theheavysnowlastedforaweek,causing(cause)aserioustrafficconfusioninthewholearea.8．Hesattheresilently,withhisheadburied(bury)inhishands.9．Anunexpectedstormoccurred(occur)whenwewereenjoyingthepleasantvoyageattheYellowSea.10．Itrainednon-stopfortendays,completelyruining(ruin)ourholiday.Ⅱ.語境品詞——寫出加黑詞匯在語境中的意義1．(2019·浙江卷6月)Butwhenhefinallyreachedher,thewomanfloodedhimwithquestions:“Whoareyou?Whatantiqueshop？”大量送至2．(2019·浙江卷6月)Therearelotsofwaystoraiseawarenessforacause.__事業(yè)；目標3.(2019·北京卷)Inaworldthatwarmsupby3℃，itfoundthatmultiplechangestothecolouroftheoceanswouldoccur.發(fā)生4.(2019·全國卷Ⅰ)Thecrowdsmightdamagethebeautyoftheplace.破壞5.(2019·全國卷Ⅰ)DoesKilimanjarodeserveitsreputationasacrowdedmountainwithlinesoftouristsruiningtheatmosphereofpeace？破壞Ⅲ.選詞成篇pickup;endup;setfireto;catchfire;putout;plentyofThefactory1.caught__firelastweek.Althoughitwas2.put__outbythefirefighters,3.plenty__oflosseshavebeenbroughtabout.Thepolicesuspectedthatsomeone4.set__fire__toit.Aftermakingsomeinvestigations,itwasfoundthataburningcigaretteendcausedthefire.Ofcourse,themanconcernedwastoblameforit,and5.ended__upinprison.takeoff;onaverage;takeplace;inall;putdownGreatchangeshave6.taken__placeinourschoolsince2019.Thereare3，000students7.in__allinourschool,almosthalfofwhomareadmittedintokeyuniversities.Therefore,everytimewerefertoourschool,wecan’thelpfeelingproudofit.Iwisheveryoneofourschoolcould8.take__offinthefollowingyear.Ⅳ.完成句子1．如果一個人在事故中受傷嚴重，你最好讓他待在原地不動。Ifapersonisbadlyinjuredinanaccident,you’dbetterleave__him__where__he__is．2．由于重大節(jié)日高速公路免費政策，大量的車輛被困在高速公路上，造成了嚴重的交通阻塞。Duetothepolicyoffreehighwayfeesonmajorholidays,toomanycarsaretrappedonthehighways,causing__heavy__traffic__jams．3．糟糕的天氣使得我們不可能旅行而且很可能會放棄旅行計劃。Theterribleweatherhasmadeitimpossibleforustogoonvacationandthere__is__the__possibility__of__abandoningthetripplan.experiencevt.經(jīng)歷，體驗n．[U]經(jīng)驗；[C]經(jīng)歷[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空①(2019·全國卷Ⅲ)Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperiences(experience)andrecommendedwonderfulplacestoeat,shop,andvisit.②(山東卷)Welcomeyoutocomehereto__experience(experience)ourtraditionalChineseculture.③(2017·全國卷Ⅲ)Astotheactivities,weplantoinviteexperienced(experience)playerstogivetrainingtouseveryFridayafternoon.[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升級④(普通表達)Iam__very__experienced__in/have__much__experience__in(有經(jīng)驗)doingthiskindofjobandIwillgain__a__lot__of__experience(獲得很多經(jīng)驗)fromit.⑤(高級表達)I__am__very__experienced__in/have__much__experience__in__doing__this__kind__of__job,__from__which__I__will__gain__a__lot__of__experience.(非限制性定語從句)eq\a\vs4\al()(1)haveexperiencein(doing)sth. 在(做)某事方面有經(jīng)驗from/byexperience 憑經(jīng)驗in/fromone’sexperience 根據(jù)某人的經(jīng)驗看(2)experiencedadj. 有經(jīng)驗的，熟練的beexperiencedin 在……方面有經(jīng)驗[名師點津]experience作名詞“經(jīng)驗”講時，是不可數(shù)名詞；作“經(jīng)歷”講時，是可數(shù)名詞。作動詞講時意為“經(jīng)歷，體驗”，是及物動詞。[詞塊助記]work/workingexperience 工作經(jīng)驗experiencehardship 經(jīng)歷困難anexperiencedteacher 一位有經(jīng)驗的老師causen．原因，起因；事業(yè)；目標v．引起；導(dǎo)致[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空①(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014whichshowedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromallcauses(cause)．②a.(陜西卷)Unpunctualpeopleseldomrealisethattheirhabitcausesproblemstoothers.b．(福建卷)Thelackofeco-friendlyhabitsamongthepublicisthoughttobeamajorcauseofglobalclimatechange.[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升級③(普通表達)Inthesummerof2019,terrifyingfloodssweptacrossmanycountriesoftheworld,anditcaused__great__loss__to(造成巨大損失)manyplaces.④(高級表達)Inthesummerof2019,terrifyingfloodssweptacrossmanycountriesoftheworld,causing__great__loss__to__many__places.(現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語)eq\a\vs4\al()(1)thecauseof... ……的原因(2)causesb.sth. 給某人帶來某事causesb.todosth. 導(dǎo)致某人做某事causesth.to 導(dǎo)致某事……(3)causedamage/lossto 對……造成損壞/損失[佳句背誦]ThevalueofConfucianculturehascausedcommonpeople’smoreandmoreextensiveconcerninmodernsociety.儒家文化的價值在現(xiàn)代社會引起了世人越來越廣泛的關(guān)注。[詞塊助記]causeandeffect 因果withgoodcause 有充分的理由withoutgoodcause 毫無理由causeanaccident 造成事故thecauseofdeath 死因buryvt.埋葬；埋藏；用……覆蓋[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空①AstheCollegeEntranceExaminationisdrawingnear,weseniorthreestudentsare__buried(bury)inbusyworkeveryday.②Hestoodonthesidewalkwithhishandsburied(bury)inthepocketsofhisdarkovercoat.[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升級③(普通表達)Becauseheburied__himself__in/was__buried__in(專心于)hisbook,hedidn’tnoticethatalltheothershadleft.④(高級表達)Burying__himself__in__his__book,__hedidn’tnoticethatalltheothershadleft.(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語)⑤(高級表達)Buried__in__his__book,__hedidn’tnoticethatalltheothershadleft.(過去分詞作狀語)eq\a\vs4\al()beburiedin＝buryoneselfin 埋頭于；專心于beburiedinthought 沉思[名師點津]表示“埋頭于；致力于”的短語還有：bedevotedto＝devoteoneselfto專心于，致力于；beabsorbedin全神貫注于，專心于；concentrateon集中精力于，專心于；focuson集中精力于，專心于；fixone’sattentionon全神貫注于，專心于；occupyoneselfindoing/with＝beoccupiedwith專心于，忙于。[詞塊助記]buriedtreasure 埋藏的財寶buryone’shead/faceinhands 用手捂住頭/臉occurvi.發(fā)現(xiàn)，出現(xiàn)；(想法、念頭等)想起，浮現(xiàn)；發(fā)生[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空①AperfectideaoccurredtousthatwewouldgiveahandmadegifttoourteacherforthecomingTeachers’Day.②a.Theaccidentisreportedto__have__occurred(occur)onthefirstSundayinFebruary.b．Inthenext30years,wecouldseemoreheatwavesliketheonenowoccurring(occur)intheU．S.③Itneveroccurredtoherto__ask(ask)anyoneforhelpwhenshewasintrouble.[能力提升]——一句多譯他忽然想起他把鑰匙忘在辦公室里了。④It__occurred__to__him__thathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.⑤It__hit/struck__him__thathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.eq\a\vs4\al()sth.occurstosb. 某事浮現(xiàn)在某人的腦海中；某人想到某事Itoccurstosb.that... 某人突然想起……Itoccurstosb.todosth. 某人突然想起做某事。[名師點津](1)occur是不及物動詞，所以不能帶賓語，也不能用于被動語態(tài)。(2)occur的過去式和過去分詞形式要雙寫最后一個輔音字母r，即occurred。(3)表達“某人突然想起……”的句型還有：①sth.hits/strikessb.②Ithits/strikessb.that從句③esupwithsth.strikev．(雷電、暴風(fēng)雨等)襲擊；擊打；突然想到(想法)；打動；(鐘)敲n．罷工[一詞多義]——寫出下列句中strike的詞性和含義①Shewaspracticingsurfingwhenasharkstruck.v．襲擊②IheardtheclockstrikingeightwhenIwokeupthismorning.v.(鐘)敲③(2018·浙江卷11月)IwasjustabouttopaythetaxidriverwhenitstruckmethatIhadleftmywalletontheairplane.v．突然想到④(福建卷)Theworkerswillgoonstrikeifthedemandstheyputforwardareturneddown.n．罷工[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升級⑤(普通表達)Iwas__struck/stricken__by(被打動)hisinspiringwords,andIdecidedtomakeeffortstoimprovemyEnglish.⑥(高級表達)Struck/Stricken__by__his__inspiring__words,__IdecidedtomakeeffortstoimprovemyEnglish.(分詞作狀語)eq\a\vs4\al()(1)sth.strikessb. 某人突然想出……Itstrikessb.that/todo... 某人想到……bestruckby... 被……打動；迷戀……strikesb.in/on＋the＋身體部位 打某人某部位(2)beon/goonstrike 在/舉行罷工[佳句背誦]Whatstruckmemostwastheenthusiasmofthelocalpeople.給我印象最深的是當?shù)厝说臒崆?。[詞塊助記]Strikewhiletheironishot. 趁熱打鐵。strikeabalance 兩者兼顧；達到平衡strikeadeal 達成協(xié)議pickup卷起；掀起；拾起；撿起；拿起；接收(信號)；(偶然)學(xué)會；收拾；整理；(用車)接(人)；(健康、生意等)好轉(zhuǎn)；恢復(fù)；買到[一詞多義]——寫出下列句中pickup的含義①(2018·浙江卷6月)UnclePaul,mydad’sfriend,pickedusupfromtheairportanddroveusuptohisfarminPecos.(用車)接(人)②(福建卷)ShepickedupJapanesewhenshewasinJapan.Nowshecanspeakitfreely.(偶然)學(xué)會③Theequipmentpickedupthesignalfromthesatellite.接收(信號)④Myfriendbegantopickupafterstayinginhospitalforseveraldays.恢復(fù)；好轉(zhuǎn)⑤ThetwinsisterswereshoppingforhoursonWomen’sDayandmanagedtopickupbagsofbargains.買到eq\a\vs4\al()pickout 選出；辨別出[佳句背誦]①Theproblemofrobocallshasgottensobadthatmanypeoplenowrefusetopickupcallsfromnumberstheydon’tknow.自動語音電話的問題已經(jīng)變得非常嚴重，以至于許多人現(xiàn)在拒絕接聽他們不知道的電話。(2019·北京卷)②ItwassodarkinthecinemathatIcouldhardlypickoutmyfriend.電影院是如此的黑以至于我沒有認出我的朋友。(四川卷)endup以……結(jié)束，結(jié)果為……[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空①(江西卷)Smelltheflowersbeforeyougotosleep,andyoumayjustendupwithsweetdreams.②(天津卷)Joiningthefirmasaclerk,hegotrapidpromotion,andendedupasamanager.③(2017·天津卷)Driverlesscarsmayendupbeing(be)aformofpublictransportratherthanvehiclesyouown.[能力提升]——完成句子④如果我們忽視我們的未來，我們就會以失敗告終。Ifweneglectourfuture,we’llend__up__in__failure．⑤如果你想記住所有內(nèi)容，結(jié)果反而會什么也記不住。Ifyouwanttoremembereverything,youwillend__up__remembering__nothing．eq\a\vs4\al()endupwith 以……結(jié)束endupin 以……結(jié)束endupas... 最終成為/變成……endup＋adj./doing... 以……(狀況)而告終[佳句背誦]TheCounter-JapaneseWarbrokeoutin1931,lastedfourteenyears,andendedupwithChina’svictory.抗日戰(zhàn)爭在1931年爆發(fā)，持續(xù)了14年，并以中國的勝利而告終。[名師點津]endupin 后面接表示結(jié)果的名詞endupwith 后面接表示方式的名詞endupas 后面接表示身份、職業(yè)的名詞leave＋賓語＋賓語補足語(教材原句)Theycandestroyhouses,butleavethefurnitureinsideexactlywhereitwas.它們(龍卷風(fēng))能夠毀掉房子，卻把房內(nèi)的家具留在原處。[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空①a.(天津卷)Don’tleavethewaterrunning(run)whileyoubrushyourteeth.b．(天津卷)Hegotuplateandhurriedtohisoffice,leavingthebreakfastuntouched(touch).c．Hehasgrownup,soyou’dbetterleavehimto__solve(solve)theproblembyhimself.②Thefloodlastmonthwasarealdisaster,leaving19peopledeadand78missing(miss)．[能力提升]——完成句子③把東西放在能夠再次找到的地方，你們應(yīng)該把這一點作為一條準則。Youshouldmakeitaruletoleave__things__where__you__can__find__themagain.④讓你的孩子順其自然，他們會健康地成長。Leave__your__kids__as__they__areandtheywillgrowinahealthyway.eq\a\vs4\al()“l(fā)eave＋賓語＋賓語補足語”為leave的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，此時leave作使役動詞，表示“使/讓……保持某種狀態(tài)”，常跟復(fù)合賓語。構(gòu)成如下：(1)leave＋賓語＋名詞/形容詞/副詞/介詞短語(2)leave＋賓語＋分詞(3)leave＋賓語＋不定式(4)leave＋賓語＋where引導(dǎo)的地點狀語從句(5)leave＋賓語＋as引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句[佳句背誦]HisparentsdiedinthePakistanearthquake,leavinghimanorphan.他的父母在巴基斯坦地震中去世了，留下他成了一名孤兒。[名師點津]在leave的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，賓語補足語為現(xiàn)在分詞時，通常表示主動、進行的動作；賓語補足語為過去分詞時，通常表示被動、完成的動作；賓語補足語為不定式時，通常表示動作尚未發(fā)生。維度一在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式1．Fortunately(fortunate),therewassomeoneathand,soweaskedhimtodeliverthemessageatonce.2．Thesedays,breakingtrafficrulesandlitteringarenotuncommon,causing(cause)seriousharmtolifeandtheenvironment.3．Theycoveredhimwithablanket,onlyleavinghiseyesexposed(expose)．4．IthoughtIwouldbepunishedforthebrokenglassesbutIendedupbeing__praised(praise)formyhonesty.5．AftertheearthquakeIwentthere,Isawthewholetowninruins(ruin),andnoweverythinghaschanged.維度二在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~1．Hearingthenewsthattheyweresafeandsound,Ifeltagreatweighttakenoffmymind.2．It’seasytopickhimoutinacrowdbecauseheisverytall.3．Afirebrokeoutinthebuildinglastnight.Luckily,thefirefightersarrivedintimeandputoutthefire.4．Theteachersaidthereweretwelveinallwhohadfailedintheexam.5．Themaninblackwasabouttosetfiretothehousewhenthepolicecame.維度三派生詞練習(xí)1．Heisanexperiencedteacherandhastwentyyears’teachingexperience．(experience)2．Whathappenedwithoutanypreviouswarningthatdayterrifiedallthepassengersaboardthetrain.Itwasreallyaterrifyingscene,andmanypeoplearestillterrifiedatthethoughtoftakingahigh-speedtrain.(terrify)3．Manybadmenstrucktheirneighborhoodviolently．Peoplewereangryattheirviolentbehaviourandresistedtheirviolencebravely.(violent)4．Helookedsadwhenhelookedsadlyatthemoneythathadbroughthimnothingbutsadness．(sad)5．Hewarnedmenottoleavewithoutpermission,butIdidn’taccepthiswarning．(warn)6．Theterribleweathermadeitimpossibleforustogoonvacationandthereisapossibilitythatthetripplanwouldbeabandoned.(possible)維度四易錯混用1．動動腦筋，你就會找到這個問題的答案。Use__your__head,__andyouwillfindtheanswertothequestion.2．在踢足球時他摔斷了一條腿。(have＋賓語＋賓語補足語)Hehad__one__of__his__legs__brokenwhileplayingfootball.3．Itnotonlyhelpstobuildupourphysicalhealth,butalsohelpsuslearnmoreefficientlyinturn.→Notonlydoes__it__helptobuildupourphysicalhealth,butalsohelpsuslearnmoreefficientlyinturn.4．你能在方便的時候過來幫我一把嗎？①Canyoucomeandgivemeahandat__your__convenience?(convenience)②Canyoucomeandgivemeahandwhen__it__is__convenient__to/for__you?(convenient)提能一語段填空(短文中黑體部分為本模塊核心知識點，請補全短文，并背誦體會黑體部分用法)1．Onaverage,allkindsofnaturaldisasterstakeplaceacrosstheworldeveryyear.Yesterday,aviolenthurricane2.struck(strike)myhometown,3.causing(cause)greatdamagetopeople’sproperty.Afteritleft,3，000housesweredestroyedinall,whichleftmanypeople4.homeless(home).Somepeople5.were__buried(bury)underthecollapsedhouses.Rescuerscametosavethemfromthe6.ruins(ruin)ofthehousesafteritoccurred.7.Fortunately(fortunate),thehurricaneleftandendedup8.withzerocasualty.Peoplehaveaccumulatedawealthofexperienceofdisasterpreventionandreliefinrecentyears.Allkindsofregularnationwidedisasterdrillsareorganized,sothereisthe9.possibility(possible)thatwecanprotectourselveswhen10.caught(catch)innaturaldisasters.提能二話題寫作(用本模塊詞匯、句式和語法知識寫滿分作文)某地區(qū)去年被颶風(fēng)襲擊，造成巨大損失，請你按以下寫作要點寫一篇短文介紹：①受災(zāi)情況；②營救措施。1．補全要點句(黑體部分請用本模塊所學(xué)詞匯)①去年，這個地區(qū)的人們經(jīng)歷了一場可怕的颶風(fēng)。Itwaslastyearthatthepeoplelivingintheareaexperienced__a__terrifying__hurricane．②這場猛烈的颶風(fēng)襲擊了這個地區(qū)，造成了巨大的經(jīng)濟和人力損失。The__violent__hurricane__struck__the__area,__andcausedgreatfinancialandhumanlosses.③許多房屋被毀，使得許多人無家可歸。Plenty__of__houses__were__ruined/damaged,__whichleft__many__people__homeless．④許多道路受損，而且整個城市大面積停電。Manyroadswere__damaged,__andalargeareaofthecitywasinblackout.⑤災(zāi)難一發(fā)生，當?shù)卣筒扇∮行У拇胧I救被埋在倒塌的屋子下面的人們。(過去完成時)The__disaster__had__no__sooner__occurred__thanthelocalgovernmenttookeffectivemeasurestorescuethepeopleburied__under__the__fallen__houses．⑥到昨晚為止，工人們已使電力恢復(fù)正常。(過去完成時)Bytheendoflastnight,workershad__got__the__electricity__back__to__normal．2．升級平淡句⑦用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語升級句②The__violent__hurricane__struck__the__area,__causing__great__financial__and__human__losses.⑧用倒裝句升級句⑤No__sooner__had__the__disaster__occurred__than__the__local__government__took__effective__measures__to__rescue__the__people__buried__under__the__fallen__houses.3．銜接成美文(注意用適當?shù)倪^渡銜接詞匯：sadly,what’sworse,fortunately,thankfully)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Onepossibleversion：Itwaslastyearthatthepeoplelivingintheareaexperiencedaterrifyinghurricane.Sadly,theviolenthurricanestruckthearea,causinggreatfinancialandhumanlosses.Plentyofhouseswereruined/damaged,whichleftmanypeoplehomeless.What’sworse,manyroadsweredamaged,andalargeareaofthecitywasinblackout.Fortunately,nosoonerhadthedisasteroccurredthanthelocalgovernmenttookeffectivemeasurestorescuethepeopleburiedunderthefallenhouses.Thankfully,bytheendoflastnight,workershadgottheelectricitybacktonormal.(建議用時：45分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2020·新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)適應(yīng)性檢測)Super-stormSandyslammedintotheeasternUnitedStatesafewyearsago.Thewind-drivenwatercausedalotofflooding,especiallyintheregion’ssubwaysystem.Nowtwoteenshaveinventedadevicethatcouldhelppreventfuturesubwayfloods.InNewYorkCityalone,Super-stormSandycausedanestimated$19billionindamage.Muchoftheflood-watersenteredthesubwaysystemthroughitsventilationgrates(通風(fēng)柵).Thosemetalgrillsusuallylieatgroundlevel.Whenthesystemisshutdownaheadofaflood,engineerstrytocoverthosegrateswithplywood(膠合板)andsandbags.Butthefloodingoftenwashesawaythosemeasures,whichallowswatertoflowintothetunnels.Raisingthosegratesevenatinybitabovegroundlevelwouldcostalotofmoney.Otherideashaveincludedbuildingtallchimneysaroundtheholes.Thatwouldraisethegratesandcostalotofmoney,too.KyleandRaymondcameupwithadifferent,lessexpensiveidea.Theydesignedametalgratewithabuilt-in,adjustablecover.Whentrainsarerunning,onepartofthegrateslidesopentobringinfreshair.Butwhenthesystemisshutdown,thatpartcanbeslidshuttocompletelyblockthegrate.Theirgrateisthesamesizeasthegratesusednow.So,itwouldbesimple,theysay,toliftouttheoldgrateanddropinareplacement.Theirdesignincludestamper-prooffeatures,whichcanpreventoperationmistakes.Theymakesurethatpeopledon’tintentionallyshutoffairflowduringnormalconditions.Forpeoplewiththeproperkey,itwouldonlytakeaminuteortwotoclosethegrateaheadofaflood.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了幾年前超級風(fēng)暴Sandy猛烈襲擊美國東部，造成了洪水災(zāi)害，當?shù)氐牡罔F被洪水淹沒。為防止地鐵再次被洪水淹沒，兩位少年發(fā)明了一種裝置。1．What’sthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．Thestepstooperategrates.B．Themeasurestopreventflood.C．Thefunctionofplywoodandsandbags.D．Thedisadvantageofpresentsubwaysystem.D解析：段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段第一句可知，據(jù)估計超級風(fēng)暴Sandy僅在紐約市就造成了價值190億美元的損失。文章接下來分析了超級風(fēng)暴造成的洪水淹沒地鐵的原因：目前的地鐵系統(tǒng)存在很大的弊端。故選D。2．Whichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribesthetwoteens’newinvention?A．Costly. B．Time-saving.C．Practical. D．Conventional.C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一、二句“Theirgrateisthesamesizeasthegratesusednow.So,itwouldbesimple,theysay,toliftouttheoldgrateanddropinareplacement.”可知，他們使用的柵欄和現(xiàn)在使用的柵欄大小一樣，所以，他們說這會很容易就可以把舊的柵欄取出來，并放入一個替換柵欄；再結(jié)合最后一段最后一句可推知，新的柵欄操作起來也很方便。故選C。3．What’sthepurposeofdesigningthetamper-prooffeature?A．Toreplacetheoldgratecorrectly.B．Toclosethegrateaheadofaflood.C．Toensureairflowinnormalconditions.D．Tostopthetrainspeedingupunexpectedly.C解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第三、四句可知，設(shè)計干預(yù)防護的特點可以阻止操作失誤，有了干預(yù)防護，他們確保人們不會有意地在正常情況下關(guān)掉空氣流通的功能，故選C。4．Wheredoesthetextmostprobablycomefrom?A．Anewsreport.B．Anadventurousstory.C．Anintroductiontonewequipment.D．Aguidebooktomakinggrates.A解析：文章出處題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了兩位少年發(fā)明了一種成本較低、實用的地鐵防洪裝置以及該裝置的特點和優(yōu)勢，應(yīng)該屬于新聞報道類文章，故選A。B(2020·山西六校測試)WorldEnvironmentDayiscelebratedannuallyonJune5thandwascreatedtoinspirepeoplearoundtheglobetotakeanactivepartinenvironmentalprotectionandlearnmoreaboutwayswecanhelptoguaranteethefutureofourplanetissafe.TheveryfirstWorldEnvironmentDaytookplacein1974,establishedbytheUnitedNationsGeneralAssemblyonthefirstdayoftheStockholmConferenceontheHumanEnvironmentthattookplacein1972.EachyeartheUnitedNationspicksathemeandahostcitywhereanyonewhoisconcernedabouttheenvironmentcantalkaboutenvironmentaltopicswithothers,followedbydifferentkindsofexhibitstopromoteenvironmentalawareness.Environmentalists,academicsandscientistscometogethertobringnewideasonthetableconcerningtheenvironment.The2018WorldEnvironmentDaywashostedbyIndia,andthethemewasBeatPlasticPollution.Iturgedpeopletoexploreandchoosesupportablealternativeslikepaperorclothbagstoreducetheproductionanduseofdisposableplastic,whichmadeup10%ofallofthewaste.EventhoughtheUnitedNationspicksaspecifichostcityeveryyear,peoplearoundtheworldstillcelebrateWorldEnvironmentDayintheirhometownswithparades(游行),concerts,cleaningupandtreeplantingandallkindsofgreenactionstoworktowardshavingabeautifulplanetandbattlingpollution.WorldEnvironmentDayisnotapublicholiday,soyouwon’tbegettingthedayoffworkorschool,butifyouwanttocelebrate,whynotbringittotheattentionofyourparents,friends,colleaguesorclassmates?WorldEnvironmentDayisallaboutworkingtogethertotakeactionfortheplanet,sotrytogeteveryoneyouknowinterestedinhelpingdosomething.Thingsassmallasmakingsurepeoplehaveawaytorecyclecanmakeadifference.Youcouldalsotrybeautifyingyourneighborhoodbyplantinggardens,learnaboutgreenfoods,raisemoneyforalocalwildlifeconservationgrouporsimplylearnabouttheeffectsofdifferentproductsontheearth.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了世界環(huán)境日的由來和情況，呼吁全員行動起來幫助保護地球。5．WhyisWorldEnvironmentDaysetup?A．Tomakepeopleknowmoreaboutnature.B．Toaskpeopletohelptoprotecttheglobe.C．Towarnpeopleofthedangerofairpollution.D．Toencouragepeopletoplantheearth’sfuture.B解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“toinspirepeoplearoundtheglobetotakeanactivepartinenvironmentalprotectionandlearnmoreaboutwayswecanhelptoguaranteethefutureofourplanetissafe”可知，世界環(huán)境日的目的是鼓勵世界各地的人們積極參與環(huán)境保護并學(xué)會更多方法來幫助確保我們的地球?qū)硎前踩?，故選B。6．WhatdopeopledoonWorldEnvironmentDay?A．Decideahostcity.B．Holdathemeparty.C．Discussenvironmentalideas.D．Showsomeplasticproducts.C解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“whereanyonewhoisconcernedabouttheenvironmentcantalkaboutenvironmentaltopicswithothers”以及“Environmentalists,academicsandscientistscometogethertobringnewideasonthetableconcerningtheenvironment.”可知，人們主要是在這一天討論環(huán)境問題，故選C。7．Whichofthefollowingwordsisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“disposable”inParagraph3?A．High-cost. B．Poor-quality.C．Second-hand. D．Single-use.D解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中的“BeatPlasticPollution”可知，2018年的主題是“塑戰(zhàn)速決”，再結(jié)合畫線詞前面的“Iturgedpeopletoexploreandchoosesupportablealternativeslikepaperorclothbags”和后面的“whichmadeup10%ofallofthewaste”可知，“disposableplastic”造成大量資源浪費，所以“一次性的”符合語境，故選D。8．What’sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A．Everybitofeffortcounts.B．Doingisbetterthansaying.C．Manyhandsmakelightwork.D．Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.A解析：段落大意題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，世界環(huán)境日不是一個公共節(jié)日，所以人們不放假。但如果你想慶祝的話，為何不讓你周圍的人關(guān)注它。所以最后一段主要是講每個人都可以從身邊小事做起，行動起來保護地球，每個人的微小努力都很重要(Everybitofeffortcounts.)，故選A。Doingisbetterthansaying.“行勝于言?！?；Manyhandsmakelightwork.“眾人拾柴火焰高?！?；Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.“有志者事竟成?！雹?完形填空(2020·河北九校聯(lián)考)AsayounggirlIdreamedofbeingadancer,somyparentsletmeattenddanceclasseswhenIwasinfirstgrade.ButI__1__knewtheyearstofollowwouldteachmesomanylifelessons:hardwork,leadership,passion(激情)．..IwasapartofdanceteamswhereIlearnedtodancein__2__stylessuchasjazz,tapdance,balletandsoon.Duetomytalentandhardwork,Iquickly__3__intheteams.However,theseclassesbecametoo__4__formyparentswhenIwas13,leadingmenottotakeconventionaldanceclassesforthenextfouryears.Iknewwewerenot__5__then,soIhadnocomplaint.__6__Iwasnottakingdanceclasses,IusedwhatIlearnedin__7__classestokeepmyflexibilityanddevelopmydancingskills.Throughoutthistimemy__8__fordancinghelpedmelearnhowtobea(n)__9__asIcoachedmyself,taughtmysistersand__10__myownshowsformyfamily.WiththetimeandhardworkinthefouryearswhenI__11__totakedanceclasses,Iwasabletobe__12__tomyhighschooldanceteam.OverthenextthreeyearsintheteamI__13__myselftobethebestdancer.Imanagedtoinvolvemyselfineverydance__14__；Ialsostruggledwithmany__15__.Duringthefirstyearontheteambothofmyankleshurtseveraltimes,andittookmemonthsof__16__.However,mysecondcompetitionseason__17__patellartendinitis(肌腱炎)inmyknees,which__18__disturbsmeconstantlytilltoday.Evenso,Iwasabletobecomeaco-captainoftheteamandleadthemto__19__thefirstnationalchampionshiptitleinthe__20__oftheteam!【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。作者講述了她學(xué)習(xí)舞蹈的經(jīng)歷，字里行間透露的是作者的毅力和決心。1．A.really B．merelyC．suddenly D．barelyD解析：根據(jù)But的轉(zhuǎn)折和后面的內(nèi)容“theyearstofollowwouldteachmesomanylifelessons:hardwork,leadership,passion(激情)．..”可知，此處應(yīng)用一個表示否定意義的副詞，表示作者不知道接下來幾年的舞蹈學(xué)習(xí)會教她這么多人生課程。barely“幾乎不，幾乎沒有”，符合語境。2．A.various B．latestC．unique D．classicalA解析：根據(jù)下文的“suchasjazz,tapdance,balletandsoon”可知，作者學(xué)跳各種(various)風(fēng)格的舞蹈。latest“最新的”；unique“獨特的”；classical“古典的”。3．A.workedout B．tookoutC．cameout D．stoodoutD解析：根據(jù)上文的“Duetomytalentandhardwork”可知，由于作者既有