河北省石家莊市謝莊鄉(xiāng)中學(xué)2021年高二英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試題含解析

河北省石家莊市謝莊鄉(xiāng)中學(xué)2021年高二英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.TheSmithsdon’tusuallylikestayingat_____hotels,butlastsummertheyspentafewdaysataverynicehotelby_____sea. A./;a B.the;the C./;the D.the;a參考答案：C2.I____throughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.A.couldn’thavedone

B.didn’t

C.wouldn’tgo

D.hadn’tgone參考答案：A略3._________anopposingideaeffectively,youcanusethefollowingwordsandphrases.A.Toexpress

B.Expressing

C.Expressed

D.Beingexpressed參考答案：A考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：為了能有效地表達(dá)相反的觀點(diǎn)，你可以用以下的詞語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意可知用動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ)表示目的，故選A.4.Closingthefactorymeans____moreworkersoutofwork.. A.beingput B.putting

C.put

D.tohaveput參考答案：B5.—I’msorry.MycarbrokedownandIcouldn’tcometothecompanyontime.

—Don’tmentionit.A.roughly B.usuallyC.recently D.consequently參考答案：D提示:汽車壞了,所以遲到了。consequently“從而,因此”;roughly“概略地,粗糙地”;usually“通常地”;recently“最近”。由句意可知前后是因果關(guān)系,故選D項(xiàng)。

6.Onhearingthenews,sherushedoutwithouthesitation,

herhandbag

onthesofaand

inthedistance.A.left;lied;disappeared

B.leaving;lying;disappearedC.leaving;laying;disappearing

D.left;lying;disappearing參考答案：B【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：聽到這個(gè)消息，她毫不猶豫地沖了出去，把手提包落在沙發(fā)上，消失在遠(yuǎn)方。句中she和動(dòng)詞leave是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，此處作狀語(yǔ)用動(dòng)詞-ing形式，handbag和lie是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，用lying.and連接句中的并列謂語(yǔ)，和rushed一致，也用過去式disappeared.故選B.7.Withthetouchofabuttonortheclickofamouse,astudentwillfind______informationfromthelargestlibrariesandmuseumsintheworld.A.accessible

B.abundant

C.admirable

D.abnormal參考答案：B【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.accessible可進(jìn)入的；B.abundant豐富的；C.admirable令人欽佩的；D.abnormal反常的。句意：只需按一下按鈕或點(diǎn)擊一下鼠標(biāo)，學(xué)生就會(huì)從世界上最大的圖書館和博物館中找到豐富的信息。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“豐富、大量”，故B項(xiàng)正確。8.Thereare,ofcourse,badteachersaswellas________.

A.goodone

B.somegood

C.goodones

D.thosegood參考答案：C略9._________whetherChina’spost-90sgenerationisstrawberrygeneration.

A.Thereismuchpossibility

B.Thereismuchdoubt

C.Itismuchpossibility

D.Itismuchdoubt

參考答案：B略10.Forprofessionalathletes,________totheOlympicmeansthattheyhaveachancetoenterthehistorybook.A.appeal

B.approachC.access

D.account參考答案：Caccessto“進(jìn)入(某地)的通道；接近……的機(jī)會(huì)；使用……的權(quán)利”；appeal“吸引；呼吁”；approach“途徑；方法”；account“賬戶”。11.Ifthewoundremained_____,itwillgetinfected.A.exposing

B.toexpose

C.exposed

D.beingexposed參考答案：C12.IfIhad_______,I’dgototheUKalone,stoppingatalltheinterestingplaces.

A.anenoughlongholiday

B.alongenoughholiday

C.aholidayenoughlong

D.alongholidayenough參考答案：B13.Withsomuch_____equipment,woodandpaperinoneplace,thereisadangeroffire.A.electric

B.electronic

C.electrical

D.electricity參考答案：C略14.Oneofourrulesisthateverystudent____wearschooluniformwhileatschool.A.might

B.could

C.shall

D.will參考答案：C15.Theworld’spopulationhasgrownto______itwasin1800.A.sixtimesmorethanwhat

B.morethansixtimeswhatC.sixtimesmorethanwhich

D.morethansixtimesthat參考答案：B16.There____notime,wehadtosetoffatonce.A.is

B.be

C.being

D.tobe參考答案：C17.Thisproblemissaid_____threetimes.A.havingdiscussed

B.tohavediscussed

C.havingbeendiscussed

D.tohavebeendiscussed參考答案：D18.Itisapopularpracticeforsomepeopletoexpandontheirachievementsbut

theirshortcomingswhentheyreportwhattheyhavedoneintheirwork.

A.ignore

B.glare

C.stare

D.look參考答案：A二、短文改錯(cuò)19.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。Inrecentyearsmanyflowersshopshavebeenappearedinoursmalltown.Itiscommonforpeopletobuyflowerswhentheygotoagathering,visitingasickfriend,orattendaweddingorbirthdayparty.IstillrememberclearonedaylastyearwhenTom,adisabledstudent,presentedsomeflowerstohismothertoshowhisgratitudeforher.Heowinghisentirelifetohismother’skindandcare.Withherhewouldnothavehadtheconfidenceorthecouragetofighthisdisability.Asaresultthegreatefforthehasmade,hewasfinallyadmittedtoakeyuniversity.參考答案：Inrecentyearsmanyflowersshopshavebeenappearedinoursmalltown.Itiscommonfor

flower

been

peopletobuyflowerswhentheygotoagathering,visitingasickfriend,orattendaweddingorbirthdayvisit

party.IstillrememberclearonedaylastyearwhenTom,adisabledstudent,presentedsomeflowerstoclearly

hismothertoshowhisgratitudeforher.Heowinghisentirelifetohismother’skindandcare.Withher

to

owed

kindness

Withouthewouldnothavehadtheconfidenceorthecouragetofighthisdisability.Asaresult∧thegreateffort

of

hehasmade,hewasfinallyadmittedtoakeyuniversity.

had本文是記敘文。作者在文中講述了近幾年送花已經(jīng)成為一種流行的趨勢(shì)。作者曾記得一位殘疾學(xué)生在花店買了些花送給媽媽表示對(duì)媽媽的衷心謝意，這位殘疾學(xué)生就是在媽媽的鼓勵(lì)下取得自信和戰(zhàn)勝病魔的勇氣，最后考入大學(xué)?！驹斀狻康谝惶帲嚎疾槊~作定語(yǔ)。名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)要用單數(shù)形式，此處指花店。句意：近年來，我們的小城鎮(zhèn)出現(xiàn)了許多花店。故將flowers改為flower。第二處：考查動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)。appear是不及物動(dòng)詞，沒有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：近年來，我們的小城鎮(zhèn)出現(xiàn)了許多花店。故把been去掉。

第三處：考查并列成分。句子里的buy，visit和attend是并列結(jié)構(gòu)，形式保持一致。句意：當(dāng)他們?nèi)⒓泳蹠?huì)，拜訪生病的朋友，或參加婚禮或生日聚會(huì)。故將visiting改為visit。第四處：考查副詞。這里用副詞做狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞remember。句意：我仍然清楚記得去年的某一天。故將clear改為clearly。第五處：考查固定搭配。expressgratitudetosb為固定搭配，意為向某人表示感激。句意：向母親贈(zèng)送一些花以表達(dá)對(duì)她的感激之情。故將for改為to。第六處：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。結(jié)合上下文語(yǔ)境，此處講的是過去發(fā)生的事情，故用一般過去時(shí)。句意：他把他的一生歸功于母親的善良和關(guān)心。故將owe改為owed。第七處：考查名詞，名詞所有格后面要跟名詞，kind是形容詞，名詞形式為kindness。句意：他把他的一生歸功于母親的善良和關(guān)心。故將kind改為kindness。第八處：考查句意。分析句意應(yīng)為"沒有她，他就沒有足夠的勇氣與殘疾作斗爭(zhēng)"，故此處應(yīng)該用否定形式Without。故將With改為Without。第九處：考查固定短語(yǔ)。asaresultof，為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“因此，由于”，后面接原因，故在result與the之間加of。句意：由于他做出了巨大的努力，他終于被重點(diǎn)大學(xué)錄取了。故在result與the之間加of。第十處：考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)wasfinallyadmitted可知，努力肯定發(fā)生在被錄取之前，所以應(yīng)該用過去完成時(shí)。句意：由于他做出了巨大的努力，他終于被重點(diǎn)大學(xué)錄取了。故將has改為had。

三、閱讀理解20.HowmuchweightababygainsduringitsfirstmonthcoulddetermineitsIQ,newresearchfound.Thestudyfoundthatchildrenwhogainmoreweight,andwhoseheadsgrowquicklyduringthefirstmonthoflife,tendtohaveahigherIQwhentheystartschool.ResearchersattheUniversityofAdelaide,inAustraliastudied13,800childrenwhowerebornatfull-term.Theyfoundthatthosewhoputon40%oftheirbirthweightinthefirstfourweekshadanIQ1.5pointshigherthanthosewhoonlyputon15%oftheirbirthweight.Thosewhoexperiencedthebiggestgrowthinheadcircumference(頭圍)alsohadthehighestIQsbytheageofsix."Headcircumferenceisanindicatorofbrainvolume,soagreaterincreaseinheadcircumferenceinanewly-bornbabysuggestsmorerapidbraingrowth,"saystheauthorofthestudy,Dr.LisaSmithers.Sheadded,"Overall,newly-bornchildrenwhogrewfasterinthefirstfourweekshadhigherIQscoreslaterinlife.ThosechildrenwhogainedthemostweightscoredespeciallyhighontheverbalIQatage6.Thismaybebecauseneural(神經(jīng)的)structuresfortheverbalIQdevelopearlierinlife,whichmeanstherapidweightgainduringthefirstmonthcouldbehavingadirectcognitivebenefitforthechildren."Previousstudieshaveshowntheassociationbetweenearlypostnatal(產(chǎn)后的)dietandtheIQ,butthisisthefirststudyofitskindtofocusontheIQbenefitsofrapidweightgaininthefirstmonthoflife.Dr.LisaSmitherssaysthestudyfurtherhighlightstheneedforsuccessfulfeedingofnewly-bornbabies."Weknowthatmanymothershavedifficultyestablishingbreastfeedinginthefirstweekoftheirbabies'life,”Dr.LisaSmitherssaid."Thefindingsofourstudysuggestthatifbabiesarehavingfeedingproblems,thereneedstobeearlyintervention(干預(yù))inthemanagementofthatfeeding."13.Howdidtheresearchersgettheirconclusionfromthestudy?A.Byaskingquestions

B.BymakingcomparisonC.Byhavingadiscussion

D.Byreferringtodocuments14.AccordingtoDr.LisaSmithers,wecanlearnthat___.A.akid'sverbalIQscoresreachitshighestatagesixB.thisstudyhelpsparentsfindfeedingproblemsC.quickweightgainbenefitsnewly-bornbabiesontheverbalIQD.thisstudyremindsparentsoftheneedforbreastfeeding15.Thestudydiffersfrompreviousonesthat___.A.itassociatesearlypostnataldietwiththeIQB.itpaysattentiontotheIQofnewly-bornbabiesC.itemphasizesthesignificanceofsuccessfulfeedingD.itfirstfocusesontherelationbetweentheIQandweightgaininthefirstmonthoflife參考答案：13.B

14.C

15.D本文是一篇說明文，研究人員進(jìn)行了一新的研究，研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)如果新生嬰兒第一個(gè)月長(zhǎng)得快，長(zhǎng)大以后IQ也高。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段后兩句“Theyfoundthatthosewhoputon40%oftheirbirthweightinthefirstfourweekshadanIQ1.5pointshigherthanthosewhoonlyputon15%oftheirbirthweight.Thosewhoexperiencedthebiggestgrowthinheadcircumference(頭圍)alsohadthehighestIQsbytheageofsix.”可知研究人員把第一個(gè)月里增加40%體重的嬰兒和增加15%體重的嬰兒的智商進(jìn)行了比較。說明他們是通過比較得出結(jié)論的。故B項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Sheadded,"Overall,newly-bornchildrenwhogrewfasterinthefirstfourweekshadhigherIQscoreslaterinlife.ThosechildrenwhogainedthemostweightscoredespeciallyhighontheverbalIQatage6.”可知Dr.LisaSmithers認(rèn)為新生嬰兒長(zhǎng)得快有利于智商的發(fā)展。故C項(xiàng)正確?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“Previousstudieshaveshowntheassociationbetweenearlypostnatal(產(chǎn)后的)dietandtheIQ,butthisisthefirststudyofitskindtofocusontheIQbenefitsofrapidweightgaininthefirstmonthoflife.”可知之前的研究說明了產(chǎn)后的飲食和IQ的關(guān)系，這項(xiàng)研究則說明了新生嬰兒第一個(gè)月長(zhǎng)得快和IQ的關(guān)系。故D項(xiàng)正確。21.Asweallknow,treesareimportanttoourlife.Theyprovideuswithfood,woodandmostimportantly,oxygen.Nowthereisonemorethingwecanaddtothislist—blockingoutharmfulbacteriainwater.Thediscoverywasmadebysomescientistsandhighschoolstudentswhowereseekingforanaturalwaterfilter(過濾器)—onethatcouldhelppeopleindevelopingcountriesthatdon’thaveaccesstomodernwatersystems.Theresearchers,ledbyRohitKarnik,aprofessor,decidedtoturntotreesforhelpbecausetheywereabletoallowliquidtoflowthroughwhileblockingoutairbubbles(氣泡）.Theybeganbycutting1.5-inch-widesectionsoftreebarkfromthebranchofawhitepinetree.Theresearchersthentestedthewood’sfilteringabilitybypouringwatercontainingreddyeparticles(染料顆粒)ofdifferentsizesthrough.Totheirsurprise,theyfounditwaseffectiveintrappingalltheparticles.Encouraged,theteamdidanotherexperiment,thistimewithwatercontainingbacteria.Sureenough,thebarkheldback99%ofthebacteria,allowingonly1%toflowthrough.Mr.Karniksaidthebarkwasabletofilterwatercontainingmuchsmallerparticles.Thismeansthatitcanbeusedtogetridofmostofthebacteria.However,whattroublesthemisthattreebarkcannotholdbackviruses,whichtendtobemuchsmaller.Thoughtheexperimentissuccessful,wemustrememberonething—thebarkonlyworkswhendamp.Thismeansthatbeforethisnaturalfiltercanbeputtopracticaluse,theresearcherswillhavetofigureouthowtokeepthebarkdamp,orfindawaytokeepthebark’sgreatfilteringabilityevenwhenit’sdry.Butthestudyisnotdone.Theresearchersplanontestingothertypesoftrees,includingthosefloweringtrees.Theythinkthosemaybemoreeffectiveintrappingsmallerparticlesandevenviruses.12.Howwillthediscoveryaffecttheworld?A.Noharmfulbacteriawillbefoundinwater.B.Therewillbenowaterpollutionaroundtheworld.C.Morepinetreeswillbeplantedaroundtheworld....D.Cleanwaterwillbemoreaccessibleindevelopingcountries.13.Whatproblemtroublestheresearcherswhenusingthetreesbarkasawaterfilter?A.Virusescannotbeprevented.B.Treebarkshouldbewet.C.It’shardtoremoveairbubbles.D.Notallbacteriacanbeheldback.14.Whydoestheteamplantodooth