2023年職稱英語考試綜合類A級試題及答案匯總

２023年職稱英語考試綜合類A級試題及答案第1部分：詞匯選項(第１～1５題，每題１分,共15分)?下面每個句子中均有１個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請為每處劃線部分擬定1個意義最為接近的選項。

1.

Witｈ

iｍｍense

rｅlief，l

Stｏpｐed

running.

A

sｏmｅ

B

enoｒmｏｕs

Ｃ

lｉｔtle

D

extｅnsive?2.The

sｃientists

beｇan

ｔo

aｃcｕmｕlａt(yī)e

ｄaｔａ.

Ａ

collect?B

handle?C

analｙzｅ?D

ｉnｖestigate

３.

Jaｃk

eventuａｌｌｙ

ovｅｒtｏok

tｈe

lasｔ

tｒuck.?A

ｈit?B

pａssed?Ｃ

ｒｅacｈeｄ?D

ｌｅd

4．Sometimes

it

is

ａｄvｉsaｂle

tｏ

boｏk

ｈoｔeｌｓ

ｉn

advance．?A

possiｂle?B

profitａｂle

C

easｙ

D

wiｓe?5．

The

ｒeason

ｆｏr

tｈeir

unusｕal

ｂehａvior

remaiｎs

ａ

ｐuzｚle．?A

fact?B

mｙｓtｅry

C

ｓtaｔemeｎt

D

ｇame

6.

That

ｇuy

is

reａlly

witｔy.?A

smart?B

ｕｇｌy?C

honｏrable

D

poｐular?7.

The

woｒｌd

ｃｈaｍpｉｏｎ

suffered

a

sensａt(yī)ional

defｅａt(yī)．?A

reaｓoｎabｌe

?B

dramａt(yī)ｉc

Ｃ

ｈumｉliatiｎg?D

ｈorrｉｆyinｇ?8.

Iｔ

sｅeｍs

ｔhat

ｏnlｙ

Ｍａrｙ

is

ｅligible

fｏr

ｔhe

job.

Ａ

preｐａred?Ｂ

tｒａinｅｄ

C

qualifiｅd

D

gｕideｄ?9.

Ｔhis

poｅm

ｄepiｃts.thｅ

beauｔｉfｕl

sｃenery

of

a

ｔowｎ

in

the

Souｔｈ．

A

praises

B

wriｔes

C

imitates

D

deｓcriｂes?10.

Ｔhe

meaｎｉｎｇ

ｉｓ

sｔill

obscuｒe

Ａ

vaｇuｅ

B

traｎsparｅｎt?C

aliｅｎ?D

signifiｃant

?１1．

Duｍpeｄ

waｓte

migｈｔ

cｏｎtaｍinaｔe

water

ｓｕｐplies.

Ａ

ｄｅsｔrｏy

B

dｅｃrease?C

dｅlay?D

ｐｏlｌｕtｅ

12.

One

tｈeｏry

pｏｓｔｕlａt(yī)es

ｔhat

tｈe

ancient

Ｆilipｉｎos

caｍe

fｒom

India

aｎd

Pｅrsia．?A

assuｍｅs

?B

eｘpects

C

pｒedicts

D

cｏｎsidｅrｓ

1３．It

is

very

diｆficult

ｆｏr

a

ｃhild

tｏ

ａdheｒe

to

rules.

A

ｒememｂer

Ｂ

folｌow?Ｃ

undeｒstａnd

D

leａrn

14.

I

hｏpe

thaｔ

I

didn’ｔ

do

anytｈｉng

abｓｕrd

laｓｔ

nigｈt.?Ａ

awkwarｄ

B

stｒange

Ｃ

stｕpｉd

D

awful

1５

there

shoｕｌd

ｂe

ｌａwｓ

thａｔ

proｈibit

smoking

aｒound

chｉldren．?A

forｂid

?B

aｄvｏcａt(yī)e

C

inｈerit

D

ｗithdｒaw第2部分：閱讀判斷(第16~２2題，每題1分，共7分）?下面的短文后列出了７個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個句子做出判斷：假如該句提供的是對的信息，請選擇A;假如該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選擇B;假如該句的信息文中沒有提及,請選擇C。

WhaｔIsGiｏbalizatｉｏｎ??Ｉtwaｓtｈeanti—ｇlobalｉzationmｏvemｅｎtthatｒeallyputｇｌｏｂalizatｉonontｈemap.Asａwoｒdithａsexisｔeｄｓincetｈe19６0s,buｔｔheｐrｏtestｓaｇaｉnsｔthｉsallegedlｙｎewprocess,whiｃｈiｔsopｐoｎｅntｓcｏndemnaｓawayoforderingpeoplｅ’Ｓlivｅｓ，broughtglobａlizationoutofｔheｆｉnancｉalandａcadeｍicworlｄsａndintoevｅｒydayｃurreｎtaffaｉrs.()

Intheｌate1980ｓaｎdeaｒly1９90s.thebuｓinesｓmodｅｌcaｌledtｈe“gloｂａliｚeｄ”financiａlｍａrｋetｃamｅtobeseenasanｅnｔitｙthａt(yī)couldhaｖｅｍｏｒethanjustaneｃonｏｍiciｍpacｔｏｎtｈeｐaｒtｓｏｆｔhｅｗｏrldittoucｈed．Gｌobaliｚａt(yī)ionｃａｍetobeseenaｓｍoreｔhansimplyaｗaｙofdoinｇｂusinｅｓs,orｒuｎniｎｇfｉnａncｉａlmａrｋets—itbeｃamｅaprocｅss．Fromthｅnｏｎthewordtｏoｋonalifｅofｉtｓown．?Sｏhｏwdoesｔhｅｇlobaｌiｚｅdmarketwoｒk?Ｉｔismodeｒncｏmmunｉcａt(yī)ｉｏnｓthaｔmakｅｉtpossiblｅ；forthｅBritishｓervicesectortoｄeａlｗitｈitscusｔｏmersthｒｏughａcallｃenｔrｅinIｎdiａ，oｒforaｓｐortsｗear（運動服)mａnufacturerｔodesignitspｒodｕｃtsinEuroｐｅ,ｍａkethemiｎsouth．eａsｔAsiａaｎdselｌｔhemｉnnorthAｍeｒica．(）?Bｕtthｉｓiswｈeｒetheａnti—ｇloｂalizａｔiｏnsidｅgｅtｓｓｔuｃkｉｎ（關注)．Ifthesepraｃtｉcｅsreplaｃeｄｏmeｓticecoｎomiclifewiｔｈaneconoｍythatisｈeａｖilyiｎfｌueｎcedoｒcontrollｅdｆroｍoｖersｅaｓ．thenｔhｅｃreａt(yī)ionofagｌoｂａlizeｄecｏnomｉcmｏｄelanｄthｅｐroｃｅssofｇlobalizaｔioｎcａnalsobeseenasasｕrrenderofpowｅrtothｅcorporations，orameansｏｆkeepinｇｐoorernａt(yī)ioｎsiｎtheｉrplace。

Notevｅrｙｏnｅａｇｒｅeｓthatglｏbalｉzatioｎisnｅｃeｓsaｒilyevｉl，oｒｔhａt(yī)ｇlobaｌiｚeｄ

coｒpoｒatioｎsarerunｎｉngthelｉvｅsofinｄｉviduａlｓorarｅmoreｐoｗｅｒfｕlthannａｔionｓ．Ｓｏmeｓaythatｔheｓｐreadoｆglobａliｚation,fｒeemａrketsａndfreｅtradｅiｎtothedｅvelopinｇｗoｒlｄisｔhebeｓtwaytobeatpｏvｅrtｙ—ｔheoｎlｙｐｒobleｍｉsthatfｒeeｍａrketsandfreeｔradedonotｙeｔtrulyｅｘiｓt．?Globalｉzationcanbeseenａsａposiｔive，ｎeｇａｔiｖeoreｖeｎmaｒginａlproceｓｓ.Aｎdｒegarｄlｅssofwｈeｔheritworｋsfｏrgｏodorill，gｌｏbａliｚａt(yī)iｏn’Sexaｃｔmeaninｇｗｉlｌcontinueｔobｅthesuｂｊectoｆdebateaｍongtｈosewhｏoppose,supportoｒsimplyｏｂseｒveｉt。

1６.Ｇｌｏbａlizａt(yī)ionｉsａt(yī)eｒmｕseｄonlyinｔhefｉｎancialａnｄacademicｗorlｄs．?ARiｇhtＢＷronｇＣNｏtｍｅｎｔioned?17.Glｏbalizaｔｉoｎｃanbｅbestｕnderstoｏdａsawａyofｄoingｂuｓiness.?AＲｉghtBWrongCNotｍｅntionｅｄ?18.Modernｃｏmmuniｃaｔioｎsplaｙanimportanｔｒｏｌeinｇlｏbaｌizａt(yī)ioｎ．

ARightBWｒongCNotmｅntioｎed

19.Ｂritainhaｓbenｅfiteｄquiｔeａｌｏtｆrｏmｇloｂaliｚatiｏn．?ARightBWｒonｇCＮoｔmentioｎｅd?20.Thｅopponentbeｌievｅthatｇloｂalizatioｎwillｋｅeptｈepｏorernaｔionsiｎpovertｙ.

ARigｈtＢWrongCNｏtmeｎtｉｏned?2１.Ｔheopponentsthiｎkthaｔgloｂaｌｉｚａt(yī)ｉｏncｏrporatiｏｎshavemｏｒepｏｗerthａnnations．

AＲigｈtＢＷrongCNｏｔmentiｏｎｅｄ

22.Freemａrkｅtsanｄｆｒｅｅtradewillｅvｅnｔｕaｌlyｐrevaiｌ．

ARightBＷｒoｎgCNｏｔmentioned第3部分：概括大意與完畢句子(第23~30題,每題1分，共８分)

下面的短文后有2項測試任務：(1）第23～2６題規(guī)定從所給的6個選項中為第2～5段每段選擇１個最佳標題;（２)第2７～３0題規(guī)定從所給的６個選項中為每個句子擬定1個最佳選項。

AＮｅwCitizensｈipＴesｔ?1LasｔweeｋasａmpleｏｆtｈenｅｗUＳciｔizensｈｉp(公民身份)examwasｒeleasedbyｔhｅUSＣiｔiｚensｈｉｐandImmiｇrａｔioｎSｅrvｉｃes（UＳ—CLＳ).Iｔwillbｅtriedoutin10ciｔｉｅseａｒｌynexｔyｅartorｅplacｅthecｕrrｅntｔｅstｉn2023．InｓtｅaｄｏｆａskingｈoｗmaｎystｒipｅsｔhｅUSflagｈas,asthecurrentteｓｔｄoes，theｎewoneａｓkｓwhytｈｅreaｒe13stripes。Inｓteadｏfhaｖingtonａmethｅｂrａnｃhesｏfgovｅrnment,ａnａpplicａntisasｋeｄtoexｐlaｉnｗhyｔｈereaｒｅthｒee.?2“Thegoａｌiｓtomakｅitmoremeanｉｎgful．”explainsEmilｉoＧonzalez，dirｅｃｔoｒofthｅUS—CIS。Iｍmigranｔswｈopassitareexｐeｃtｅdtohaveabｅtteｒ“understａndingaｎｄｒｅｓpecｔ”foｒＵＳciviｃ(公民的)vａlｕes,Gonｚalezsａｙs.

３ＴhｅUSｉsn’tｔｈｅｏnlｙcountrydealｉnｇｗithcitｉzｅnshiptｅststhaｔaimｔoｇeta“sｈaredｃomｍitment”frｏmimmigrａｎｔｓfortｈｅｉrａdopｔeｄcouｎｔrｙ’s“ｖalｕes”,Inrｅcenｔyears,Ｉnadditioｎｔｏｔheuｓuaｌrｅquiremeｎtoflanguage／wｏrksｋiｌlｓaｎdeconｏmicsｔａt(yī)us-seｖeｒalEuropeaｎcｏunｔｒiｅｓhaveadoｐtedcitizenshiｐtｅｓts．BritainｉntrｏｄｕｃedaｎeｗｃｉｔizeｎsｈiptｅstlａstNoｖｅｍber．IｎMaｒcｈ,ａnewＤuｔｃhlawtoｏkeffecｔrｅquｉringallwｏuld—bｅimmigｒａntsｔotａkeacｉtizenshiｐtest．Itiｎvｏｌvｅdwatchingaｖideoｓｈｏwinｇnｕde(裸體的)wｏmeｎbathiｎgatbｅaｃｈｅsandgay(同性戀的)meｎkissiｎｇｉｎpublic．Tｈｅａimwａstoeｎｓｕrethａt(yī)“nｅｗcomeｒswilｌbecｏmｆｏrｔａｂlewitｈthｅcｏuntry’Ｓlibｅralsocialｍores(風俗)”．

4Euｒopehａsbeｅnknownforwelｃomｉngｉmmｉｇｒantｓfordecades．Bｕt,today，thefactiｓtｈａt(yī)somｅimmigrantsarekｅpｔapartfromlocalcｉtiｚｅnsbyculｔurｅaｎdtｈeyｂeｃｏmehｏｓtileｔoeacｈotｈer．ＰｒｏmoｔingｉntegrationｈasbecoｍeａmaｊorｃｏncｅrnfｏｒＥuｒopeancｏunｔries.aｆtertheｒiotiｎginMuslｉmghettoｅs(少數(shù)民族聚居區(qū))iｎFranceandthekillingofDｕｔｃhpｕｂlicfiguresbyreｌigiouｓexｔremｉｓts．

5Ofｆiｃｉａｌsbｅlievethａt(yī)apersoｎ’ｓattaｃｈmenttoａcｏuntrｙcanbｅｔｅstedｂyhisorheｒknoｗledgeｏfthecｏuntrｙ.Howｅｖer，ｓomeｃｒｉticssaythattheｃhanｇesｃａｎdolｉtｔlｅｔohelppeople’assimｉｌate(同化)theｍｓelｖeｓ.“Iｍmｉgrａｔionｉsacｕltｕｒewaｒｔodaｙ-Isgivinｇaneｗteｓttherightｗaytolesseｎｔheaccusａｔｉｏｎsinｔhａt(yī)fighｔ？”sａysＡｌｉNoorani,oｆtheMａsｓachusｅｔtsIｍｍigraｎｔａｎｄReｆugeeＡdvｏcａｃyＣｏalｉｔion(難民辯護聯(lián)盟)

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A.Prｅｐarａｔｉonfoｒtaｋｉngａｃitｉzenshiptesｔ

B．CitizｅnｓhｉptestsiｎEｕroｐeancounｔies

C.Iｍporｔａncｅofｐｒｏmotingｉnｔegrａｔｉｏｎ?D.Nｅcessｉtｙtoknowthebrancｈeｓｏfｇｏvｅｒnment?Ｅ.ＤifferentOnｔhenewcitｉzeｎshiptest

F.Goalｏｆthenｅｗｃitizenshiptest

27Ｔhequ~ｏn8iｎtｈenewｃitizeｎsｈiptestaremoreｄifｆiｃult＿＿__＿___.?2８Ｗoｕld—ｂeｉmmiｇranｔ８tｏtheＵSａreｅxｐecｔeｄ________.?29IntheＤutchcitiｚenshipｔeｓｔaｌｌwoｕlｄ-beｉmmigraｎｔsａreｒｅqｕired＿＿______.?30Ｓomepeｏpｌefｅartｈatchａngｅinthecitizｅnshipteｓtｗiｌldoliｔtle_＿____＿_．

Atｏknowalｏtmorｅaｂouｔthecouｎtｒy

Btｏwatchavideo?Ctohelpｉmmiｇnt8aｃcｅptｔhｅnewculturｅ?DtｏmarryAmeｒｉcancitｉｚｅns?Ｅｔodolow-skｉｌlｊｏｂs

Ftｏａnswer第4部分：閱讀理解（第３１～45題，每題3分,共４5分)?下面有３篇短文,每篇短文后有5道題。請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題擬定1個最佳選項。

第一篇CenｔｅrsｏftｈeGrｅatEuropeaｎCｉtｉeｓ?Thecentersoｆtｈｅgｒｅａt(yī)ｃｉtｉesoｆEuｒoｐearｅmeetinｇpｌacesbytｒadiｔion-Ｐeoplegathertherｅtｏｄｒinkcoffeeaｎｄchaｔｌateｉntoｔheｎiｇht.Amixtｕrｅoｆlocalsandｔouｒｉstsmａkeforanexｃｉtiｎg，metropoｌitanａt(yī)mｏspherｅ．?Sqｕares，ｐlａzａs(廣場)anｄarcades（拱廊)ｆｏrmｔheｈｅarｔofEurｏpe’sｃｉtieｓ.

VeniｃeinIｔalyhastheＰiaｚzaＳaｎＭarco—aｂeautｉｆulsquaｒｅsurroundedbyshops，chuｒchｅs,rｅsｔａuraｎtｓandcaf6s．InＢarcelona,Ｓpaiｎ，LaBｏsｑｕerｉａisaliｖeｌymarkｅtwｉthhundｒeｄｓｏfsｔａllsｓｅｌlinｇaｌlkiｎｄsoｆgoｏds．Ｌondon’sＣｏｖenｔGａrｄeｎｉsｆiｌledｗiｔhｆruitandveｇeｔａblｅsｔallsbｙdaｙａndmｕｓｉｃｉａns,aｃrobats(雜技演員)ａｎｄａrtisｔsｂynighｔ.Ｔheｇoverｎmｅｎｔｂuildｉngsａt(yī)thecｅnteroｆmaｎyciｔiｅsoftenａreａｒcｈiteｃtuｒallyｉmpresｓｉvｅ.IｎＬonｄｏｎ，theysｅrveａｓabｅautifulｂacｋｄrｏp(背景)tｏthecofｆeetabｌeｓthatlｉnethestreetｓａndthebanｋsoftheThameｓ．?Ｔhesｅvibranｔ（有活力的)hearｔsarethｅpｒodｕctofcｅｎturiesｏｆｅvｏlution，sｏcｉalhiｓｔｏｒiａnJoeｌGarreautoldUSＮewsandWorlｄRｅpｏｒtｒecently．“ＴｈerｅasoｎｐeoplethinkＶeniceissoｇreaｔｔｏdａyｉsyｏuｄｏn’tseeallｔhｅmistaｋes，”ｓaidGaｒｒeａｕ-“Ｔhosｅｈavealｌbｅeｎｒeｍoved．”ＭoｓtＥurｏｐeaｎｃｉｔieｓwｅrelａidoutbｅforeｔheinventionｏｆthecar,soｂａrs．resｔaｕrantsandｃａｆeswerｅnｅａrto,pｅoｐle’ｓｈomｅs.Tｏｄay，ｔhｅfoｃusoｆmanyEｕroｐeans’lifｅhａsｍoｖedawayfｒomthｅｃeｎterｓ.Tｈｅyliｖeiｎthｅsubｕrbｓanｄoutskiｒts,drｉvingtosupermarketstogetthｅiｒsuppｌｉes.Butｏnaｃontinentwheｒｅpｅopｌetreasｕｒeｃonventｉｏn，tｈerearestｉｌlthoｓewhｏhｏldoｎtｏｔrａｄｉtiｏｎaｌwaｙs,ｌiviｎｇanｄshoppinglocａlｌy．Ｔhesepeｏpｌe．togｅtheｒwｉthｔourｉsts，ｐｒovideｔhecitycｅnterswiththereaｓｏnfｏrexistencｅ．

Cofｆｅｅcuｌturepｌａｙsapartinkeeｐinｇthesｅcitｙcenｔｅｒｓflｏurishing．thｉsisＰａｒｔiculａｒlytrueｏｆPariswhosecｉtizensarefamouｓenthｕsiasticcoｎｖerｓａt(yī)ｉoｎalｉｓtsthｉssｋilｌisdevｅlopeｄovｅrmaｎyhouｒsｓpenｔchaｔｔｉｎgoveresｐｒessoｓ（濃咖啡)ａｎdcｉgareｔtes.?Religionalsopｌaysarolｅindevelopingsociablｅatmｏsphｅrｅ.PeopleIｎRomanCａt(yī)ｈoliｃcｏｕntｒｉｅｓusｅdｔovisittheＣhｕｒchonａnａlmoｓtdａiｌybasis.Eｎｔiｒecomｍunｉtｉeｓwoｕldgaｔheｒinthesamebｕildｉngandthenmovｅouｔtｏtｈemarｋets．cafeｓanｄbaｒsInｔhｅsurroｕｎｄｉngstrｅeｔs．AnenoｒmｏusexａｍpleoftｈisrelaｔionsｈipbｅtwｅｅnｃhurchａndｓｏcietyistheDｕoｍｏ。TheｈugeｍarblecaｔhedraｌiｎFlorｅnce,ＩtalｙISsurｒoundedbybakeｒiesaｎdcｏffeeshops,andｃaｔerｓｎotoｎlytothetouristcｒowds，bｕtａｌsｏthelocalcoｍmunｉtｙ．?31.ＩtcａnbｅinfeｒredｆromtheｆiｒstpaｒagrapｈthateacｈbｉgcitｙinＥuｒｏpe?A.haｓmanｙlaｒｇｅsqｕａrｅｓ.考試大

B.hａsｍaｎyverymａｇｎｉｆicｅｎtｓｋy－scrａpｅrｓ．

C．dｒaｗstouｒistｓiｎlaｒgｅnumberseveryyear

D．hａｓaｃenｔerwheｒｅｔouｒistsmeettheirｓpouｓｅs．?32.WhichstatemenｔｉsNＯＴtrｕｅofCoｖentGarden?

Ａ.Iｔisｃrowdeｄwｉｔhｐｅoplｅ.?B.ＩtislｏcaｔedinLoｎdon．

Ｃ.iｔisｆillｅdwｉthｓｔalls.?Ｄ.Itissuｒｒouｎdedbysｈｏps,cｈuｒches,restauraｎtsａndcaｆeｓ?33.WｈyｄopeoplethinｋthaｔVeniceｉｓSOｇreat？?A.Beｃａｕseiｔiｓafamoustouｒｉｓtatｔrａctｉｏn．?B.Beｃaｕsｅyouｃａnreaｃhanywherebyboａt(yī).?C．Beｃaｕｓeｉｔiｓｗell．knoｗｎfoｒＩtsmｅｒchants．?D．Becauseallthｅmistａｋeshavebｅenｒemoved．?3４.WhatarePaｒisiａnｓfａmousfoｒ??A．Tｈeｉｒｐurｓuiｔofindependｅnｃe．考試大

B.Theirｅnthusｉａsmfｏrcｏnvｅｒsatｉｏn．

C.Theirabilｉtyｔｏkeeｐｔheｃitｙflｏｕrｉshinｇ．?D.Theirdeｖoｔioｎｔodｅvelｏpinｇaｍultipｌecｕlｔｕre．?３5．ThｅwriｔercitestheDuoｍoinｔｈｅlastparａｇraｐhasanexａmpletｏｉllustratｅthat

A.theｒeiｓａt(yī)ightｌiｎkbeｔweencｈurcｈａｎdsociｅtｙ．

B．a(chǎn)llchurcｈesareｍagnificent.

C．olｄchｕｒｃhesareverypoｐular.

D．hiｇh—rｉｓechｕrcｈesaｒeiｍpresｓive．第二篇DoubtfulＷaystoReｄuceaｎdIncrｅaseYourWeigｈt?Yoｕheaｒｔhｉs:“Nｏwondｅryouarefaｔ．Alｌyoueverdoiseaｔ.”Ｙoufeeｌｓad:ｔ“Ｉsｋｉpmybｒeakｆasｔaｎdsuｐper．Irｕｎｅｖｅrymorningandeveniｎｇ.WhateｌsecanＩdo？”Baｓiｃａllｙｙｏuｃａｎdonotｈiｎg。Yoｕrgenes,notyoｕrlifeｈabitｓ,deｔermineyoｕｒweightaｎdyourboｄyconstanｔlytriｅstomaintainit.?AｌｂeｒtStｕnkaｒｄｏfｔheUｎivｅrsitｙofPeｎnｓylvaｎｉaｆoｕndfromｅxpeｒimｅntsthat，“80ｐeｒcentoｆthechiｌdrenoftwoｏbｅse(肥胖的)parentsbecoｍeobeｓe,ascompareｄｗｉthnomｏreｔhan１4perｃentｏftheoffｓprinｇｏｆｔwoparentsｏfnｏrｍalｗeight.”

Howｃanｏbeｓeｐｅopleｂecomenorｍaloreｖenthｉnthrｏｕgｈdｉｅｔｉｎｇ?Weｌl，dｉetinｇcａnbｅeffective,buttｈeｈeaｌthcoｓtsａrｅtremenｄoｕs．JuｌｅｓHirsｃh,arｅseａｒchphysiｃianaｔRockefellerUniverｓity,dｉdａstudyofeighｔfａt(yī)people。Thｅyweregｉｖenａliquidfｏｒmｕlａprovidiｎg600caloriesadaｙ.Aftermoretｈan10ｗeｅks，ｔhｅｓubjｅｃtslｏｓt45kaｏnａveｒage.Butａfteｒlｅaviｎgtｈehospital，ｔｈｅyaｌlreｇainedｗｅｉgｈt.Ｔherｅｓｕｌtsｗeresurｐrｉsing:ｂymetaｂoliｃ(新陳代謝的)mｅasurｅmenｔ，faｔpeoplewhｏｌostｌaｒgeａmoｕntsoｆweightseｅmeｄｌikeｔheywerｅstarving．Theyhadｐsｙcｈｉａt(yī)riｃｐroｂｌeｍs.Ｔheydreａmedoｆfoodｏrbｒeaｋinｇthｅirdiet.Tｈeｙwereａnxiouｓaｎｄdepreｓsed；soｍeｗeresｕｉcidal．Ｔheｙhidｆoodintheirrooms．Resｅarcherｓｗarnthatitiｓpossiblethａt(yī)ｗｅightreduｃtｉoｎdｏesｎ'tresultInnormaｌweｉght,bｕtiｎａnabｎormａｌstateresemblingthatｏfｓｔarvednon—ｏbｅsepｅｏple．?Ｔhinpeｏple,hｏweveｒ,suffｅrfromtheｏpposjte：Ｔheyｈavetｏmakｅagｒeatｅffｏｒttogainweighｔ．EthaｎSims,oftｈｅUniversiｔｙｏｆVermｏnt,ｇoｔpｒisonersｔｏｖｏｌunteｅｒtogainweight?Infourtoｓiｘmontｈs,theyaｔeaｓmuchastheycould．Theｙｓuccｅedｅdiｎincｒeasingtheirweiｇｈtby2０to25ｐercｅnｔ。Butmonthsafｔeｒthｅstuｄyendeｄ．theｙｗeｒebaｃkｔonoｒmalｗeｉｇhｔanｄstaｙｅdthere．

Ｔhisdoesnｏtmeanthaｔpｅopｌearｅcoｍpleteｌyｗithｏuｔｈopeiｎconｔｒollinｇｔｈeirwｅｉght．Ｉtmeａnsthatthｏseｗhｏteｎｄtoｂeｆatwiｌlｈａvetoconsｔantｌybａfflｅｔｈeiｒgeneｔicinｈeｒitanceiftｈeywanttosiｇnｉｆicantｌyｌoｗeｒｔheiｒweigｈｔ。thefｉnｄingsalｓvｉdｅevidｅnｃefoｒsｏmｅｔhingscientiｓtsｔhoughtwastrue—eacｈｐersonhasfortablewｅighｔrａnge.Tｈeraｎgemigｈｔbeasmuchａｓ９kg．Someonemightweigh60_69kgwithouttｏomucｈeffoｒt．Buｔgoｉngabｏveoｒbelowtｈeｎaturalｗeigｈｔrangｅisdiffiｃulｔ.Thebｏｄｙｒeｓistｓbｙfeeｌinghｕngryorfｕllandcｈanｇiｎgthｅmetaboliｓｍtoｐuｓhtheweigｈtbacktoｔｈｅranｇeｉtseeks.

36.Wｈaｔｄｅtermiｎesyourweiｇｈt??A．Yourｗorkｉngｍａnner?B.Youｒeatｉnghabｉｔ。?C．Ｙourlifeｓtyle.?D．Yoｕrgenes.

37.Wｈａt(yī)dｉdＪｕlesHirschdotｏtｈeｅigｈtfａｔｐeopleｉnhiｓｓtudy？?A．Helｅtthemskiｐsｕpper?B.Heｌｅtthｅmｓｋｉpbreakfasｔ.

Ｃ.Ｈelettｈeｍruｎｅveryｍoｒniｎｇａndeveniｎg．?D．Hegaｖetｈｅｍaliqｕiｄfoｒmulapｒovｉdiｎg６00ｃalorｉeｓadaｙ.?３8.Wｈathａppｅｎedtotheｅigｈtｆatpeoｐleａfｔertheylefttｈeｈoｓpitaｌ?

A．Theｙｗenｔmａd.?B.Thｅyｋillｅｄtｈeｍｓelves.

C.Tｈｅyｗerebacktonormaｌweiｇht．?D.Theyatｔempｔedsuｉcide.

３９.ＥtｈanＳｉmｓｍａdehｉｓｓｕbjectｓ

A．battｌetheirgeｎetiｃinhｅritanｃe?Ｂ．ｉｎcreasｅｔhｅiｒweigｈt．?C.sufferfｒomhungeｒ

D．lowerｔheiｒweiｇht.

4０.Whaｔdidscieｎtistｓｔhｉnｋwastｒｕe??A.Eachｐeｒsonhasafｉxedweiｇhtrangｅ．

B.Eａchpersonhasaｗｅightｒaｎgeoｆ9ｋｇ.

C.Eachｐerｓｏnwanｔｓtoconｔｒolｈisｏｒｈerｗeight.

D.Eａchpersoｎwaｎtstoeattｏhｉsorｈerhｅarｔ’sｃoｎtｅnt第三篇ShamingＰunｉsｈmeｎts?Ｌaｓtmontｈ,JamesCｏnnollｙ，ajuｎiorattheＵnivｅrsityofMaｓｓachusetｔs，stoodinｆrｏntofalocalpolicestatｉonｗｅariｎgatoga(長袍)aspunishｍenｔ．?Hiscrime？Hｅwaｓchａrｇedwｉthundeｒagｅdrｉｎking,ilｌｅgalposｓeｓsionofalｃohoｌaｎdｅｘcｅssiｖenoisewhilehoｌdinｇaparty.

ThiｓsｈaminｇpｕnｉshmｅnｔｈasincrｅaseｄiｎｔｈeUSinrecentｙears,ｍｏstlｙiｍposedbyｌocaljｕdgesforlｅsｓ—sｅrｉoｕｓｃrimeｓ,sucｈａｓdruｎkｄriｖinganｄｔｈefｔ．

Theｙbeｌieveshamｅistｈeｂｅｓtpｅｔtycｒimedeteｒrent(威懾)．Forｅxample，iｎTennessｅe,JudgeJamesMｃKenziehasmaｄeshｏｐliｆters（商店貨品扒手)standoutsideWal—Mａrtwithsignstｈatreaｄ，“ＩaｍaｔhiefpuｔｈerｅbyoｒderｏfJudgeMcＫeｎzie”,“Aｌtｅrnaｔiveｐｕnisｈmeｎtsliｋｅcｏmmuｎityserｖicｅandfｉnｅsdoｎ’tcｏnveｙmoralconｄemnatｉon(譴責)ofthecrimｉnal，”saidDａnKaｈａn，aUｎiveｒsityofChｉcaｇoＬawＳchoolpｒｏfｅssor,ｉnanarｔiｃleｐublｉshｅdonｔｈｅunｉvｅｒsity’Sｗebｓｉte.“Thｅｙaｒen’ｔshamefuｌｅｎough。”?ＳhａminｇpｕnishｍentsaｒesoｍeｔimescａｌledＳcarlet(紅色的)Lｅｔtｅrpuｎishmｅnts.TheｎaｍecomeｓfromＵSaｕthorNａt(yī)hａnielHａwthorne’Ｓ185０novelTheＳcａrletLｅｔtｅｒ．Inthisnoｖｅｌ，awoｍａnisforｃeｄtoweａrascaｒｌeｔ“A”oｎｈerｃｌoｔhesaｓpｕnisｈmentfoｒｈeradｕｌterｙ(通奸)．

Howeｖer，UｎiversitｙoｆIowaｌawpｒofesｓｏｒAｎdreｗＨosｍaneksaidｔheｒeｉsaniｍportantｄifferｅnｃebetｗeentheｓhaminｇpunishmｅｎｔsofcolｏnialAmeriｃaaｎｄtｈoｓeassigｎeｄiｎstaｔesｌiｋeTｅnnessee.?“Eａrlyｓociｅｔiesｏｆｔeｎｈａdａｒe—acceptaｎce’cｅｒeｍonytowelcｏｍethｅoffｅnderｂackiｎtoｍaiｎsociety,”saysHosmaneｋ．“ConteｍpｏrａｒypunishmeｎｔsinAmeｒiｃalackthis.”?Ｓuppｏrteｒsｏfshamiｎgpunisｈmｅｎtaｒgｕetｈaｔpuｂlｉcshamiｎgisagｏoｄｗａyｏfexprｅssｉnｇcｏmmunityvaｌuｅs。Sｏmｅjudｇessaｙｓhamedｏffendｅrsｓelｄomrepeattｈｅircｒimeｓ.?Othｅｒsaren’ｔSOsurｅ?！癟ｈｅreiｓlittleｅｖiｄｅnceｔosuggestthatsｈamｉngpuniｓｈmｅntsaresuccｅssfulinpreｖeｎtｉngｐeoplefｒｏmｃｏｍmitｔingｓpeｃiｆｉｃcrimeｓ.Andashamedcｒiminaｌmａyfａcｅahardbatｔｌetoregaincredibiliｔｙiｎsoｃiｅty，”sａｉdHｏsmaｎek.“So，ａsｈamｉngpunｉshｍenｔmayｆorｃethｅoffｅndeｒintoｍｏrecriｍｅstosupporｔhimｓelf.”?Exｐｅrｔsａlｓodebateshaｍingpunishmeｎt’Sｄamagｅtｏhｕmandiｇnｉty．“Sincｅthepoｉnｔisｔoｓhame，ｉt＇sofｃoursedeｇrading(欺侮人格的),”saiｄLiｎdaＭaｌone，dirｅctorofｔheHumanRighｔｓaｎｄNationａlSecｕrityLaｗPrｏgraｍｍｅatWｉlliamandMaｒｙＬａwScｈｏｏl.

“UＳlawoｎlｙｐrohｉbitspｕnishmenｔｔhaｔis‘cruelａｎduｎｕsual’一nｏt‘inhumanandｄegｒadｉng’.it＇sveryｄiｆficultfoｒａｔhieftoprｏvｅthaｔhｏldｉnｇaｓigninfrontoｆWaｌ－Martis‘cruｅlaｎdunusual’.”?41.JameｓCｏnｎｏｌｌywasaccusｅdofalltｈｅfolloｗingcrｉmesEXＣＥＰT?A.illeｇａｌｌypossessｉngaｌcｏｈ０1

B．smｕgglｉngｄrugs

C.drinｋｉngａt(yī)anｉlｌegaｌagｅ?D．makingtooｍuｃｈnoiseataｐarｔy?4２.WhichoｆｔhefolloｗｉnｇｐunishmentsdｏesNＯTｍorallycｏndemnacｒiｍinａl?

Ａ.Holdingasｉｇｎｔｈaｔannounｃｅｓhisoｒhercｒｉme?B.Ｐublｉｓhinghiｓｏrheｒnameｏnawｅｂｓite

C．ＡpologizｉｎｇfortｈecrimｅiｎfrontofWal—Ｍart?D.Haｖinｇtｏdouｓefｕlworktｏｈelpotherswithoutbeingpaiｄ?43．InthenｏvelThｅSｃarletLetteｒ,awomaniｓaccusedoｆ

A.corrupｔion

Ｂ.ｂrｉbｅry

C.adulｔery

D．tｈeｅ?４4.Thewoｒd“suggesｔ’iｎParａｇrａph10coｕldbebeｓtｒｅplaｃｅｄby?A.ｐroposｅ

Ｂ.ｉｎdｉcａt(yī)ｅ?C.assｕｍe

D.ｅxplaiｎ

4５.ＷhatdoesUSｌａｗforbid？?Ａ．Cｒueｌａnｄunusualpunishmeｎｔs

B.lnhumanpunishmeｎts?C.Ｄｅgradｉngpunishmｅnｔs?Ｄ．Shaｍｉnｇpuniｓhmｅnts第5部分：補全短文(第46~50題，每題2分,共1０分)

下面的短文有５處空白,短文后有6個句子,其中5個取自短文,請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復文章原貌。?What’sＬackｉnｇin‘Sicko’??Ｗｈeｎitcoｍestｏecoｎｏmｉcdecisｉｏnｓ，therearealwaystrａｄｅ．offｓ(取舍)．Gainoneｔhingandyｏｕｌosｅsomethｉngｅｌse．_＿＿______(4６)?ThｅｃentraｌarguｍｅntｏfMichaeｌMooｒe’smｏviｅ“Sｉcko”一thatthｅcｕretothｅnatｉon’shealtｈcaｒeprｏblemsisasingle—payｅrsysｔem—ｉsｈaｒｄｌynovelandiｓｃertａiｎlｙworthconsideration，ｗｈｅtherornotyoｕagｒeｅwｉthit.BuｔｉncｏｍparingtheAmｅricａnsyｓtemwithsiｎgｌｅ—paｙerplansofotｈeｒcoｕntries—Bｒitａin，F(xiàn)ｒanｃｅ，CａｎａdaａndCuｂa—Ｍr．Mooreleｆtouttｈｅtrade?ofｆs，chaｒacｔerｉziｎｇthosecountrｉesasｈeaｌthcarｅｐaｒaｄisｅs.____＿＿＿＿_(47)?KurtLoder,ｔhｅfｉlmcriｔiｃwｈoisbestknｏwｎaｓｔｈeanｃhｏr（主持人)of“ＭＴVNews,”wｒoteａcｒitｉｑuｅ(批評)ｏfthefilmｆｏrMＴV’swebsitｅ.“Sicko”ｈesaｉd?！癲oｅｓarealseｒvice”inporｔrayinｇ(描繪)vicｔimｓofAｍｅriｃａｎｉnsｕｒaｎｃecｏmｐａnies—lｉｋｅｔhｅpeｏｐlewhodiedbｅcaｕsｅtheｉronｌytreａｔmeｎt、opｔionswerecoｎsｉdeｒeｄ“experｉmｅntal”andｔherefｏreｎoｔｃoveｒｅｄ.＿__＿＿____（４８)

Wｈen“governmentｓattｅmptｔorｅgulａｔｅthe—balanｃebeｔweenalｉmｉtedｓupplyofheａlthcarｅandanunlimiｔeddemaｎdｆｏrit,they’ｒeｉnevｉtablyｆorcedtｏratiｏntreatment，Mr．Lodeｒａsseｒｔｅd．________＿（４9)Ｍr．Lodercｉtｅｄtheshorｔｆilm“DeadMeａｔ，”whichｐｒesentｓａｎｅcｄoｔｅs（軼事)offailｕreintheCanａdiansingle—paｙersｙstem．Ｉnｉtsone—sidedness，“ＤeａdMeaｔ”mighｔhavemadeｆoranｉcｅdｏuｂlefeaｔｕrｅwｉｔh“Siｃｋo．”ａndleftmovie—goerｓｗiｔhａmoｒｅｃoｍｐletｅundeｒstandｉngoｆtｈecoｍｐlicatiｏnsoｆdecidinｇonａhｅalthcaｒesysｔem。＿_＿_＿__＿＿(50)?Ｔhiｓallmaｋesanotheｒwise“ｅmｏｔｉonａlｌycompellｉｎgfilｍnoｔnｅcessarｉｌyaninｔelleｃｔuaｌlｙsatiｓfｙingone；”wroteDarrｅnBａrefoot，ａCaｎadianbloｇger(博客作者)．?AMr．Mooreａlｓｏdｅｃidedtoiｇnoｒepｒｏbleｍsinｏｔｈeｒｃｏuntｒｉes，likeFrａnｃe’ｓhighｔaｘesaｎdBriｔain’Scａｓｈ—shorthoｓｐitalｓ.

BBuｔtｈｅfilｍａsaｗhｏle,ｈeｃoncｌuded,is“breaｔｈtakｉnglymereｔricious(似是而非的)，”inlaｒｇepartbｅcauseofitschａｒacterizaｔioｎsofｏtｈｅｒcountｒies’heａlｔｈcarｅsyｓｔｅms.?ＣTｈeprｏｂlｅmsｈａvebeennotｉced—anｄcrｉｔｉcisｍiｓcomingｎotｊustfromMr-Mｏore’ｓｄｅｔractorｓ(詆毀者).

DHetｉcｋedoffaｎｕｍberｏfnegativestaｔiｓticsｔoｃountertheposiｔivｅｏnesofferｅdbyＭr.Moｏre．?EHeaｌthｃareisthｅpreｖｅntiｏn，trｅａt(yī)ment,anｄmaｎaｇementofillnesｓ.?FThｉsｉsｐａrticularlyｔrｕeiｎhｅalthcare,aｍarｋeｔiｎwhiｃhscａｒcｅ（稀罕的)goodsarerｉdｉculouslyexpensｉve,ｂutneedｅdbｙeveryｂｏｄy．第6部分：完型填空(第51~65題,每題1分,共１5分)

下面的短文有1５處空白，請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白擬定１個最佳選項。?TｈeGｒeａt(yī)esｔＭysｔeryofWhaｌes

Thewhaleｉｓａmammａl(哺乳動物）一wａｒm—bｌoodｅｄ，ａiｒ-breatｈing,考試大giｖinｇbｉｒthtoitsyｏunｇａlive，sｕｃｋｉngthem—and，ｌｉkeａｌlmａmｍalｓ，originａt(yī)eｄonlａnｄ，Thｅrｅａｒeｍaｎｙｓigｎsofthis．_＿＿_＿_＿＿(51)fronｔflｉppers(鰭肢),uｓedforsteerｉngaｎdｓtabｉlｉty，aretｒacesofｆeeｔ。?Immensesｔreｎgtｈiｓbuiltiｎtothegｒeatｂｏdyofｔhｅbｉgwhaｌes，andiｎｆａｃtmostoｆawｈale’ｓbｏdyiｓoｎegｉgaｎｔｉcmuｓcle。Theblｕewhａlｅ’ｓpuｌling__＿___＿_(５２)hasbeenestiｍａt(yī)eｄａt(yī)400hｏrｓｅｐｏweｒ．Oneｓpecｉmenwasreｐorteｄtohaｖｅ___＿＿＿_＿(5３)awhalingｖesselfｏｒsevenhouｒsａt(yī)ｔhe＿__＿____（５4)oｆeiｇhtknｏts.?Anenrａgeｄｗhａlewillaｔｔackaship．Afａmｏuｓ______＿_(55)oｆthｉswａsｔheｆａｔｅofwｈａｌｅｒEsseｘ，ｗｈichwａｓsunk＿＿_＿＿___(56)tｈecoａstofSouthAmeriｃaear