非謂語動詞試講

非謂語動詞試講

4、（2012四川，6）Tomtookataxitotheairport,only_____hisplanehighupinthesky.

A.findingB.tofindC.beingfindD.tohavefound5、（2011陜西，20）MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina,_______itmucheasierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother.

A.makingB.madeC.tomakeD.havingmade6、（2010天津，12）Itrainedheavilyinthesouth,_______seriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.

A.causedB.havingcausedC.causingD.tocauseBAC27、（2010四川，17）Thelawyerlistenedwithfullattentions,____tomissanypoint.

A.nottryingB.tryingnotC.totrynotD.nottotry8、（2009湖南，25）Attheageof29,Davewasa

worker,____inasmallapartmentnearBostonand____whattodoabouthisfuture.

A.living;wondering

B.lived;wonderingC.lived;wondered

D.living;wonderedBA39、（2009遼寧，22）Whenwevisitedmyoldfamilyhome,memorycame_______back.

A.floodingB.tofloodC.floodD.flooded10、（2009浙江，3）______andshortofbreath,AndyandRubywerethefirsttoreachthetopofMountTai.

A.TobetiredB.TiredC.TiringD.Beingtired注：邏輯主語:離非謂語最近的那個名詞一般是非謂語的邏輯主語。AB正常語序：memorycamebackflooding4補(bǔ)充：sbissaidtodo/tohavedone/tobedoing中不定式的用法sheissaidtohelpherbrother.據(jù)說她要幫她弟弟。（一般時）sheissaidtohavefinishedherhomework.據(jù)說她已經(jīng)完成了作業(yè)。（完成時）sheissaidtobereadingthebooks.據(jù)說她正在看書。（進(jìn)行時）5區(qū)分："todo"和"tobedone"例：-Johnson,doyouhaveclothes_____?It'sSunday.-No,thankyou.Youmayhavearestordosomethingelse.A.washingB.washedC.towashD.tobewashed6一、如果能在句中找出動詞不定式的執(zhí)行者,該不定式則用主動式。如:

Hewantstorepairhiscar.

他想(自己)修車。

Hewantsmetorepairhiscar.他想讓我給他修車。

以上兩句中的動詞不定式torepair分別有邏輯主語he和me,因此不定式用主動式。7二、如果句中沒有明顯的不定式的邏輯主語,但是在不定式的前面均可以加上一個forsb.,這時不定式可用主動式。如:

TheseEnglishlessonsaretheeasiesttofollow.這些英語課很容易聽懂。

Thoseprogrammesareusuallyeasytoreceiveandnotdifficulttounderstand.這些節(jié)目通常容易收到,而且不難聽懂。

在上面兩句中,雖然不定式?jīng)]有明顯的邏輯主語,但我們可以在不定式前加上一個forsb.,這樣就可以使不定式有了一個邏輯主語sb.,因此不定式可用主動式。8三、如果句子中既沒有不定式的邏輯主語,也不可以加上一個forsb.,這時不定式應(yīng)用被動式。如:

Ineedthehousetoberepaired.我需要(讓人)把房子修一下。

Hewantsthecartobepainted.他想(讓人)把車油漆一下。

這兩句中,I和he并非不定式的執(zhí)行者,也不可插入一個forsb.,因此不定式用被動語態(tài)。9四、如果句子的主語或賓語,可以作不定式的邏輯賓語時,不定式用被動語態(tài)。如:

IexpectedtobetakentoBeijingwhenIwasachild.我小時候期望著被帶著去北京。

Idon'twantthesecrettobeletout.我不想讓此秘密泄露出去。10五、當(dāng)動詞不定式作表語形容詞的狀語,又和句子的主語構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系時,其主動語態(tài)表示被動含義。如:

Thequestionisnotdifficulttoanswer.這個問題不難回答。

Thegirlisveryeasytogetalongwith.

這個女孩很容易相處。

easy，hard，difficult，important，impossible，interesting，pleasant，nice，comfortable，safe，dangerous11六、在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中,用來形容主語的不定式,可用主動形式也可用被動形式。如:

Thereisalotofworktodo(tobedone).有很多工作要做。

Thereisnotimetolose(tobelost).時間緊迫,不能耽誤了。12七、在have句型中,既可用不定式的主動式也可用不定式的被動式。如果句子的主語是不定式的執(zhí)行者,該不定式就用主動式;如果句子主語不是該不定式的執(zhí)行者,而是用以說明賓語所處的狀態(tài),此不定式就用被動式。如:

Ihavesomeletterstoposttoday.今天我有幾封信要寄。

Ihavesomeletterstobepostedtoday.今天我有幾封待寄出去的信。(tobeposted說明賓語someletters所處的狀態(tài))13

to+vv-ing

v-ed區(qū)別將要發(fā)生的

同時發(fā)生

被動

14固定搭配

hope,expect,intend,want,plan,promise,ask,refuse,decide,

determine,learn,prepare+todoadmit,finish,appreciate,miss+-ing15stop/remember/forget/goon/regret+todo去做...+-ing正在做...16Shereachedthetopofthehillandstopped_onabigrocktoseetherisingsun.A.tohaverested B.restingC.torest D.restC-Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting.

-Well,nowIregret_that.A.todo

B.tobedoingC.tohavedone D.havingdoneD17see,watch,hear,feel,notice

+-ing

主動,正在做...

+do主動,動作過程+done

被動18Theyknewherverywell.Theyhadseenher_upfromchildhood.A.grow

B.grew C.wasgrowing

D.togrowI’veheardhim_aboutyouoften.A.talked

B.talks

C.talk

D.totalkAC19

todomean

doing打算做

意味著

(2006湖南)Ifyouthinkthattreatingawomanwellmeansalways_herpermissionforthings,thinkagain.

A.gets

B.got C.toget D.gettingD20先語態(tài)后時態(tài)21Stoprunningandyouwillfeelyourheart_fasterthanever.A.beatB.beatingC.beatenD.wasbeatingHavingpassedallthetests,shefeltagreatweight_offhermind.A.taking B.takenC.take D.tobetakenBB22完形填空23（一）利用首句信息，推測語篇主旨Bodylanguageisthequiet,secretandmostpowerfullanguageofall!Itspeaks__36_B_thanwords,Accordingtospecialists,ourbodiessendoutmore___37_D___thanwerealize.（2012課標(biāo)全國）

36.A.straightB.louder

C.harderD.further

37.A.soundsB.invitations

C.feelings

D.messages24（二）尋找暗示信息，重視語境意義

Laterthatdayathome,Ibeganto___39(consider)__myteethagain.Ifeltupset.Ithoughtmylifewouldbesomehowbetterifmyteethwerenotgappy.HowIwantedtheperfectteeththateveryoneelseseemedtohave!

Ofcourse,Mom__40(noticed)___everything.Shehaslivedherentirelifewithgappyteeth,andtriedtoconvincedmethattherewasnothingto__41_A__.（2012湖南卷）

A.worryaboutB.putoff

C.giveup

D.wipeout25

（三）識別語篇標(biāo)志，理清邏輯關(guān)系

Itried____23(pickingup)__trashmyself,butthejobwastoobig,Iwould__24(spend)__anhourortwoonthejob,onlytofindtheareatrashedalloveragainweekslater.Finally,Igotso__25_C_itthatIdecidedsomethinghadtochange.(2012天津卷)

A.satisfiedwithB.delighterin

C.tiredof

D.usedto26（四）利用原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，尋找反義詞語

Ifellinlov