四級(jí)閱讀技巧長(zhǎng)篇閱讀找對(duì)應(yīng)段落

四級(jí)閱讀技巧長(zhǎng)篇閱讀找對(duì)應(yīng)段落第一頁(yè)，共十七頁(yè)，2022年，8月28日長(zhǎng)篇閱讀（信息匹配題）包括大約10-18個(gè)段落的篇章。題后給出10句陳述，每句一題。每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出與每句所含信息相匹配的那一段落，每段開(kāi)頭有一個(gè)字母標(biāo)識(shí)指代該段落。一般一個(gè)段落對(duì)應(yīng)一題；有的段落可能對(duì)應(yīng)兩題或更多，有多次被選的可能；有的段落可能不對(duì)應(yīng)任何一題。第二頁(yè)，共十七頁(yè)，2022年，8月28日解題思路Step1快速通讀文章（skimming)，標(biāo)題、副標(biāo)題、首段、段落首、尾主題句、段落重要觀點(diǎn)句，注意文章結(jié)構(gòu)和細(xì)節(jié)串聯(lián)，熟悉文章的題材，抓住文章大意。Step2仔細(xì)閱讀給出的10句話(statements)，明確標(biāo)出句中易于查找的細(xì)節(jié)詞，如數(shù)字、大寫(xiě)、核心名詞、態(tài)度詞匯等，掌握問(wèn)題類(lèi)型。Step3快速查讀（scanning），根據(jù)10句話中的細(xì)節(jié)詞迅速找出相應(yīng)段落，確定段落內(nèi)容與題干信息是否對(duì)應(yīng)。Caseanalysisp7-9第三頁(yè)，共十七頁(yè)，2022年，8月28日答題原則1)關(guān)鍵詞定位原則。2)關(guān)鍵詞非首次出現(xiàn)原則。3)出題非順序原則。4)匹配原則。句子與原文定位處需有明確的匹配關(guān)系：同義改寫(xiě)，正話反說(shuō)，反話正說(shuō)，歸納概括等語(yǔ)言層面的改寫(xiě)和替換。5)非一一對(duì)應(yīng)原則：有的段落可能對(duì)應(yīng)兩題，有的段落可能不對(duì)應(yīng)任何一題。6）題目非照抄原文原則第四頁(yè)，共十七頁(yè)，2022年，8月28日Modeltest1p7-9Skimthepassageandgraspthemainidea(accordingtothesubtitles)Scrutinizeeachof10statementsattachedtothepassage,markingthekeywordsanddetailsaswellasscanningouttherelatedsentencesthatinvolvethekeywordsanddetails.Makesurethechosenparagraphmatchesthestatement.第五頁(yè)，共十七頁(yè)，2022年，8月28日ThesubtitlesHowmuchtrashisgenerated?Howistrashdisposedof?Whatisalandfill?ProposingthelandfillBuildingthelandfillWhathappenstotrashinalandfill?Howisalandfilloperated?第六頁(yè)，共十七頁(yè)，2022年，8月28日Markthekeywordsanddetailsinthe10statements46Firststepinconstructingalandfillistobuildroadswhichleadtothelandfill.(I)關(guān)鍵詞+同義改寫(xiě)47.Most

customersofalandfillaremunicipalitiesandconstructioncompanies.(k)同上48.Alandfillcan’tbebuiltwithoutcertainenvironmentalimpactstudybeingcarriedout.(H)關(guān)鍵詞+正話反說(shuō)49.Inlandfilldisposal,theUnitedKingdom

ranksfirstwhiletheUnitedStatesranksmiddleofthemajorcountries.(D)關(guān)鍵詞+改寫(xiě)50.Ratherthanbreakdown

trash,alandfillismainlytoburyit.(J)關(guān)鍵詞+改寫(xiě)第七頁(yè)，共十七頁(yè)，2022年，8月28日Markthekeywordsanddetailsinthe10statements51.It’spredictedthatbioreactorwillbeusedtospeedupoftrashbreakdowninlandfills.(Q)關(guān)鍵詞+改寫(xiě)52.Ofallthebigcountries,Americansgenerateslargestamountoftrashperpersoneveryyear,andmajorityofthetrashisburiedinlandfills.(B)關(guān)鍵詞+綜合53.Customersoflandfillsarecharged

bytheweightofthetrashtheyaregoingtobury.(M)某些關(guān)鍵詞多次出現(xiàn)54.Poisonouschemicalsarebarredfromalandfill.(O)同義改寫(xiě)55.Usuallytoreducetheamountofmaterialinalandfill,thereisarecyclingcenterneartheentranceofthelandfill.(L)關(guān)鍵詞+細(xì)節(jié)詞第八頁(yè)，共十七頁(yè)，2022年，8月28日Skimmingandscanningactivity(accordingtoeachof10statements)46Firststepinconstructingalandfillistobuildroadswhichleadtothelandfill.(I)關(guān)鍵詞+同義改寫(xiě)B(tài)uildingtheLandfillI) Oncetheenvironmentalimpactstudyiscomplete,thepermitsaregrantedandthefundshavebeenraised,thenconstructionbegins.First,accessroads

tothelandfillsitemustbebuiltiftheydonotalreadyexist.Theseroadswillbeusedbyconstructionequipment,sanitation(環(huán)衛(wèi))servicesandthegeneralpublic.Afterroadshavebeenbuilt,diggingcanbegin.IntheNorthWakeCountyLandfill,thelandfillbegan10feetbelowtheroadsurface.第九頁(yè)，共十七頁(yè)，2022年，8月28日Skimmingandscanningactivity(accordingtoeachof10statements)47.Most

customersofalandfillaremunicipalitiesandconstructioncompanies.(k)關(guān)鍵詞+同義改寫(xiě)HowIsaLandfillOperated?K) Alandfill,suchastheNorthWakeCountyLandfill,mustbeopenandavailableeveryday.Customersaretypically

municipalitiesandconstructioncompanies,althoughresidentsmayalsousethelandfill.第十頁(yè)，共十七頁(yè)，2022年，8月28日Skimmingandscanningactivity(accordingtoeachof10statements)48.Alandfillcan’tbebuiltwithoutcertainenvironmentalimpactstudybeingcarriedout.(H)關(guān)鍵詞+正話反說(shuō)H) IntheUnitedStates,takingcareoftrashandbuildinglandfillsarelocalgovernmentresponsibilities.Beforeacityorotherauthoritycanbuildalandfill,anenvironmentalimpactstudymustbedoneontheproposedsitetodetermine:第十一頁(yè)，共十七頁(yè)，2022年，8月28日Skimmingandscanningactivity(accordingtoeachof10statements)49.Inlandfilldisposal,theUnitedKingdom

ranks

firstwhiletheUnitedStates

ranks

middleofthemajorcountries.(D)關(guān)鍵詞+改寫(xiě)HowIsTrashDisposedof?D)ThetrashproductionintheUnitedStateshasalmosttripledsince1960.Thistrashishandledinvariousways.About27percentofthetrashisrecycledorcomposted,16percentisburnedand57percentisburiedinlandfills.Theamountoftrashburiedinlandfillshasdoubledsince1960.TheUnitedStates

rankssomewhereinthemiddleofthemajorcountries(UnitedKingdom,Canada,Germany,FranceandJapan)inlandfilldisposal.TheUnitedKingdomrankshighest,buryingabout90percentofitssolidwasteinlandfills.第十二頁(yè)，共十七頁(yè)，2022年，8月28日Skimmingandscanningactivity(accordingtoeachof10statements)50.Ratherthanbreakdown

trash,alandfillismainlytoburyit.(J)關(guān)鍵詞+改寫(xiě)WhatHappenstoTrashinaLandfill?J) Trashputinalandfillwillstaythereforaverylongtime.Insidealandfill,thereislittleoxygenandlittlemoisture.Undertheseconditions,trashdoesnotbreakdownveryrapidly.Infact,whenoldlandfillshavebeenduguporsampled,40-year-oldnewspapershavebeenfoundwitheasilyreadableprint.Landfillsarenotdesignedtobreakdowntrash,merelytoburyit.Whenalandfillcloses,thesite,especiallythegroundwater,mustbemonitoredandmaintainedforupto30years!

第十三頁(yè)，共十七頁(yè)，2022年，8月28日Skimmingandscanningactivity(accordingtoeachof10statements)51.It’spredictedthatbioreactorwillbeusedtospeedupoftrashbreakdowninlandfills.(Q)關(guān)鍵詞+改寫(xiě)Q)Landfillsarecomplicatedstructuresthat,whenproperlydesignedandmanaged,serveandimportantpurpose.Inthefuture,newtechnologiescalledbioreactorswillbeusedtospeedthebreakdownoftrashinlandfillsandproducemoremethane.

第十四頁(yè)，共十七頁(yè)，2022年，8月28日Skimmingandscanningactivity(accordingtoeachof10statements)52.Ofallthebigcountries,Americansgenerateslargestamountoftrashperpersoneveryyear,andmajorityofthetrashisburiedinlandfills.(B)關(guān)鍵詞+綜合B)Americansgeneratetrashatanastonishingrateoffourpoundsperdayperperson,whichtranslatesto600,000tonsperdayor210milliontonsperyear!Thisisalmosttwiceasmuchtrashperpersonasmostothermajorcountries.Whathappenstothistrash?Somegetsrecycled(回收利用)orrecoveredandsomeisburned,butthemajorityisburiedinlandfills.第十五頁(yè)，共十七頁(yè)，2022年，8月28日Skimmingandscanningactivity(accordingtoeachof10statements)53.Customersoflandfillsarecharged

bytheweightofthetrashtheyaregoingtobury.(M)某些關(guān)鍵詞多次出現(xiàn)M) Ascustomersenterthesite,theirtrucksareweighedatthescalehouse.Custo