全國碩士研究生招生考試《英語一》真題模擬卷一

全國碩士研究生招生考試《英語一》真題模擬卷一材料題根據(jù)下面資料，（江南博哥）回答1-20題

?BillGates,whoco-foundedMicrosoftandledthecompanyasitbecameatechnologyjuggernaut,issteppingdownfromthecompany'sboardtospendmoretimeonhisphilanthropicwork.

Gates,whomadethe?1?Fridayafternoon,saidinaLinkedInpostthathewantsto"dedicatemoretimetophilanthropicpriorities?2?globalhealthanddevelopment,education,andmyincreasingengagementin?3?climatechange."Hedeclinedtocommentbeyondthepost,hisspokeswomanBridgittArnoldsaid.

?Gates?4?Microsoftin1975withhishighschoolfriendPaulAllen,?5?diedinOctober2018.His?6?zealhelpedcreateacompanythatdominatesthepersonalcomputing?7?.Intheprocess,Gatesamasseda?8?.Heisthesecond-wealthiestpersonintheworld,withatotalnetworthof$102billion,?9?onlyAmazonfounderJeffBezos,accordingtotheBloombergBillionairesIndex.

?GatesbeganmovingawayfromMicrosoftin2000,?10?hegaveupthechiefexecutiveposthehadlongheld.SteveBallmer?11?therole,withGatesservingaschiefsoftwarearchitectandchairman.In2008,hesteppeddownaschiefsoftwarearchitecttospendthebulkofhisworktimeattheBillandMelindaGates?12?.HesteppeddownasMicrosoft'schairmanin2014.

?Gateswill?13?toserveastechnologyadvisertoMicrosoftchiefexecutiveSatyaNadellaandothersatthecompany.Microsoftisnot?14?Gates'sseatontheboard."?15?Microsoft,steppingdownfromtheboard?16?meanssteppingawayfromthecompany,"Gateswrote.

?Inastatement,Nadellasaidhe?17?continuingtoworkwithGates.MicrosoftdeclinedtomakeNadella?18?forfurthercomment.

?Gateswillalsostepawayfromhisoneotherboardposition,atBerkshireHathaway,thecompany?19?byhislongtimefriendWarrenBuffett."WarrenandIwerethebestoffriendslong?20?Ijoinedandwillbelongafter,"Gateswrote.查看材料1.【完形填空】第（1）題選A.advertisementB.announcementC.requestD.comment正確答案：B參考解析：[A]advertisement“廣告”，[B]announcement“宣布”，[C]request“請求”，[D]comment“評論”

定語從句，who指代前面的Gates，空格處填寫一個(gè)名詞，根據(jù)后面，hewantsto"dedicatemoretimetophilanthropicpriorities....，他想要投入更多的時(shí)間在慈善事業(yè)，maketheannouncement，宣布。B正確。查看材料2.【完形填空】第（2）題選A.includingB.consistingC.excludingD.excepting正確答案：A參考解析：[A]including“包括”，[B]consisting“組成”，[C]excluding“排除”，[D]excepting“不包括”

根據(jù)后面的globalhealthanddevelopment,education，全球健康、發(fā)展、教育等問題，與philanthropicpriorities是一個(gè)包含關(guān)系，這里用一個(gè)including，他想要把更多的時(shí)間優(yōu)先放在慈善事業(yè)上，比如全球健康、發(fā)展、教育....查看材料3.【完形填空】第（3）題選A.tacklingB.avoidingC.attackingD.pursing正確答案：A參考解析：[A]tackling“處理，解決”，[B]avoiding“避免”，[C]attacking“攻擊”，[D]pursing“追求”

and連接兩個(gè)并列的句子，dedicatemoretimetophilanthropicpriorities投入更多時(shí)間來從事慈善，myincreasingengagementin__climatechange，所以后面應(yīng)該是做慈善以及解決氣候變化。A正確。查看材料4.【完形填空】第（4）題選A.foundB.closedC.foundedD.installed正確答案：C參考解析：[A]found“發(fā)現(xiàn)”，[B]closed“關(guān)閉”，[C]founded“建立”，[D]installed“安裝”，

主語gates，賓語Microsoft，中間填寫一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，然后in1975，with

withhishighschoolfriendPaulAllen，常識，比爾蓋茨1975年創(chuàng)立的微軟公司，C正確。查看材料5.【完形填空】第（5）題選A.whoB.whichC.whomD.what正確答案：A參考解析：定語從句，先行詞為逗號的前一個(gè)，PaulAllen是一個(gè)人名，所以A選項(xiàng)正確。查看材料6.【完形填空】第（6）題選A.indifferentB.unenthusiasticC.competitiveD.competent正確答案：C參考解析：[A]indifferent“冷漠的”，[B]unenthusiastic“不熱心的”，[C]competitive“有求勝心的”，[D]competent“有能力的”

空格處填寫一個(gè)形容詞，根據(jù)helpedcreateacompanythatdominatesthepersonalcomputing幫助他創(chuàng)造了一家雄霸私人電腦行業(yè)的公司，可得出是正面積極的形容，competitivezeal符合題意。查看材料7.【完形填空】第（7）題選A.businessB.industryC.factoryD.device正確答案：B參考解析：[A]business“商業(yè)”，[B]induqtry，[C]factory“工廠”，[D]device“裝置”

personalcomputingindustry“私人電腦行業(yè)”，為固定搭配查看材料8.【完形填空】第（8）題選A.propertyB.wealthC.fortuneD.treasure正確答案：C參考解析：[A]property“財(cái)產(chǎn)”，[B]wealth“財(cái)富”，[C]fortune“財(cái)富”，[D]treasure“寶藏”

因此根據(jù)語意推測空格所填詞應(yīng)為“財(cái)富”。此外，amassafortune為固定搭配，意為“積累財(cái)富”。查看材料9.【完形填空】第（9）題選A.betweenB.behindC.besideD.around正確答案：B參考解析：[A]between“在……中間”，[B]behind“在……后面”，[C]beside“在……旁邊”，[D]around“在……周圍”

根據(jù)Heisthesecond-wealthiestpersonintheworld他是世界第二富有的人，常識推測JeffBezos為當(dāng)時(shí)的世界首富。故根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系應(yīng)選[B]behind“在……后面”。查看材料10.【完形填空】第（10）題選A.whereB.whyC.whenD.which正確答案：C參考解析：[A]where表地點(diǎn)，[B]why表原因，[C]when，[D]which為關(guān)系代詞

空格處前面提到蓋茨在2000年離開微軟，后面提到蓋茨放棄了他執(zhí)行總裁的職位，這也是蓋茨在2000年做的事情。因此應(yīng)為When(表時(shí)間的關(guān)系副詞)引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句查看材料11.【完形填空】第（11）題選A.tookupB.tookonC.tookoffD.tookin正確答案：B參考解析：[A]tookup“占據(jù)”，[B]tookon“接任……的角色”，[C]tookoff“起飛”，[D]tookin“吸收”

hegaveupthechiefexecutiveposthehadlongheld蓋茨放棄了他長期擁有的執(zhí)行總裁的職位.主語SteveBallmer

賓語therole（指代執(zhí)行總裁的職位），空格填寫一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，所以應(yīng)為SteveBailer接任了蓋茨的執(zhí)行總裁的位置，tookontherole為固定搭配，意為“接任……的角色”查看材料12.【完形填空】第（12）題選A.ConstitutionB.CorporationC.FoundationD.Institution正確答案：C參考解析：[A]Constitution“憲法，體制”，[B]Corporation“公司”，[C]Foundation“基金會”，[D]Institution“機(jī)構(gòu)”

BillandMelindaGatesFoundation“比爾和梅林達(dá)·蓋茨基金會”為專有名詞查看材料13.【完形填空】第（13）題選A.completeB.continueC.declineD.stop正確答案：B參考解析：[A]complete“完成”，[B]continue“繼續(xù)”，[C]decline“拒絕”，[D]stop“停止”

根據(jù)上下文，蓋茨辭掉了首席軟件架構(gòu)師，也辭掉了微軟主席的職位，Microsoftisnot_____Gates'sseatontheboard，微軟會保留蓋茨的董事會席位，所以空格處意為“蓋茨會繼續(xù)作為微軟公司首席執(zhí)行官和其他人的技術(shù)顧問”，B正確。查看材料14.【完形填空】第（14）題選A.fillingB.takingC.removingD.emptying正確答案：A參考解析：[A]filling“填補(bǔ)”，[B]taking“就座”，[C]removing“移動(dòng)”，[D]emptying“卸空”

GateswillcontinuetoserveastechnologyadvisertoMicrosoftchiefexecutive，蓋茨會繼續(xù)作為微軟公司首席執(zhí)行官的技術(shù)顧問，所以空格處句意“微軟仍然在董事會留給蓋茨一席之地”，A正確。查看材料15.【完形填空】第（15）題選A.InadditiontoB.InlinewithC.WithrespecttoD.Inreferenceto正確答案：C參考解析：[A]Inadditionto“除……之外”，[B]Inlinewith“與……一致”，[C]Withrespectto“就……而言”，[D]Inpreferenceto“優(yōu)于……”

據(jù)前后語意和邏輯推斷，無兩者比較之意，故只有[C]Withrespectto正確，排除其他選項(xiàng)。查看材料16.【完形填空】第（16）題選A.inawayB.innowayC.inthewayD.ontheway正確答案：B參考解析：[A]inaway“在……程度上”，[B]innoway“絕不”，[C]intheway“妨礙”，[D]ontheway“在路上”

前文提到蓋茨會繼續(xù)作為微軟公司首席執(zhí)行官和其他人的技術(shù)顧問，所以對微軟來說，離開董事會并不一定意味著離開公司，空格處表否定，B正確。查看材料17.【完形填空】第（17）題選A.looksuptoB.looksdownuponC.looksforwardtoD.comesupwith正確答案：C參考解析：[A]looksupto“欽佩”，[B]looksdownupon“輕視”，[C]looksforwardto“盼望”，[D]comesupwith“想起”

空格處主語

Nadella，賓語

continuingtoworkwithGates，納德拉是微軟的首席執(zhí)行官，因此他希望與蓋茨繼續(xù)工作是合理的；此外，lookforwardto中to為介詞，后面加doing。查看材料18.【完形填空】第（18）題選A.advisableB.availableC.valuableD.reliable正確答案：B參考解析：[A]advisable“明智的”，[B]“available”，[C]valuable“有價(jià)值的”，[D]reliable“可信賴的”

Inastatement,NadellasaidhelookforwardtocontinuingtoworkwithGates.在一次陳述中，納德拉說他很期待繼續(xù)與蓋茨共事，

declinedto表否定，forfurthercomment進(jìn)一步評論，可得，應(yīng)該是蓋茨離開微軟，微軟拒絕讓納德拉做過多評論，所以選[B]available查看材料19.【完形填空】第（19）題選A.functionedB.runC.workedD.watched正確答案：B參考解析：[A]functioned“運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)”，[B]run“經(jīng)營”，[C]worked“工作”，[D]watched“看”

空格所在句提到“蓋茨將會辭掉他在伯克希爾·哈撒韋公司董事會的職位。這家公司被他的老朋友沃倫·巴菲特_______。主語為公司，公司只能被經(jīng)營，故選[B]run。查看材料20.【完形填空】第（20）題選A.beforeB.afterC.asD.until正確答案：A參考解析：[A]before“之前”，[B]after“在……之后”，[C]as“在……時(shí)候”，[D]until“直到……”

”前文提到沃倫是蓋茨的longtimefriend“長時(shí)間的好朋友”。故應(yīng)選[A]before，即句子意為“在加入公司很久以前就是好朋友”。材料題根據(jù)下面資料，回答21-25題

The￡1.57bnrescuepackagefortheartsthattheUKgovernmentannouncedon5Julywasbothabsolutelynecessaryandrightlywelcomed.ThefundsoughttobesufficienttosustainBritain'sartisticandculturalinfrastructureuntilthespring．Hadtheynotmaterialised,institutionssuchastheRoyalOperaHousewouldhavefacedcollapsebyChristmas．

Yettheatres,concerthalls,operahousesandartscentresareonlythepipesthroughwhichartflows.Whileitisclearlyimportanttokeepthisinfrastructurefunctioning,itisofabsolutelynouseonitsown.Indeed,thepurelyphysicalinfrastructureis,byandlarge,theproblemintermsofCOVID-19,sinceitpresentstheissueofmassgatheringsindoors.Itisthework—artmadebyfreelancers—thatmatters,andthataudiencespaytosee．

Freelancers,however,weremissingfromtheannouncement,andabsentfromRishiSunak'ssupposedlyjobs-focusedsummerstatement.TheoverwhelmingmajorityoftheculturalworkforceinBritainisfreelance,morethan70％intheatrealone:self-employedsetdesigners,artists,musicians,technicians,actors,directors,composers,soundengineers,stagemanagersandmanymorekindsofcreatorsandskilledworkers.Thiscompareswith15.3％acrossthewholeeconomy.Thegovernment'ssupportschemefortheself-employedjudderstoahaltattheendofOctober(andasmanyasoneinthreeintheatre,andthesameproportionofmusicians,isanywayineligibleforit)

Sofar,rhetoricaroundculturalfreelancers'prospectshascentredongettingvenuesworkingagain.Buttheatresandconcerthallshavenoideawhentheywillbeallowedtoreopen,andwhentheydowillnotbepermittedtooperateatfullcapacity.Thoseintheperformingartsfaceapotentiallygrimfuture，effectivelypreventedfromworkingaftermostotherpartsoftheeconomyhavebeguntofunctionagain．

Therearewaystoalleviatethesituation.Venuescouldbequicklyallowedtoopensuchthatfreelancerscanbeemployedagain—butthatisclearlydependentonthegovernment'swidersuccess,orotherwise,ingrapplingwiththepandemic,andcannothappenuntilitisabsolutelysafe.Plentyofartistsarewilling,evendesperate,tobringforwardinventivenewwaysofmakingworkandtakingitmoresatelyoutdoors,intocommunities,ontostreets—anoptionnowopeninEngland,whereoutdoor,sociallydistancedperformancesarepermittedfromSaturday.Organisationsreceivingemergencyfundingcouldbeobligedtocommissionandfacilitateworkbeyondtheirownwalls,ratherthantousethemoneytomothball(封存)themselves;oraportionoftheemergencyfundscouldbefunnelledtowardsfreelancers．

Doingnothingisnotanoption.Itisfreelancerswhomakeart.Itisartthathaspublicvalue—thatbringsbenefitsforciviccohesion,educationandwellbeing.Itisartthatwillcontributetotheeconomicrecoveryfromthecrisis.Itisartinwhichaudiencesfindsolace,provocationandjoy．查看材料21.【閱讀理解PartA】Oncetherescuepackagefortheartsisimplemented，BritishartsandculturalinstitutionsA.willhaveameaningfulChristmas．B.canmaintainforaperiodoftime．C.wouldrestorethegloryofthepast．D.canavoidthefateofcollapse．正確答案：B參考解析：問題：當(dāng)一旦藝術(shù)救助計(jì)劃得以實(shí)施，英國的藝術(shù)文化機(jī)構(gòu)______.

ThefundsoughttobesufficienttosustainBritain'sartisticandculturalinfrastructureuntilthespring．Hadtheynotmaterialised,institutionssuchastheRoyalOperaHousewouldhavefacedcollapsebyChristmas．

這筆資金應(yīng)該足以支撐英國的藝術(shù)和文化基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施直到明年春季。如果計(jì)劃沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)，像英國皇家歌劇院這樣的機(jī)構(gòu)將在圣誕節(jié)前面臨倒閉。B選項(xiàng)“可以維持一段時(shí)間”正確。查看材料22.【閱讀理解PartA】ItisuselesstokeepartsandculturalinfrastructurefunctioningbecauseA.it'stheworkmadebyfreelancersthatcounts．B.audiencesaremostlyhardupformoney．C.largeindoorgatheringsarenotallowedatpresent．D.itwillbeusedasalarge-scalemeetingplace．正確答案：C參考解析：問題：維持藝術(shù)和文化基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的正常運(yùn)行沒有作用，因?yàn)開_______

Indeed,thepurelyphysicalinfrastructureis,byandlarge,theproblemintermsofCOVID-19,sinceitpresentstheissueofmassgatheringsindoors.

盡管維持此基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施正常運(yùn)行很重要，但就其本身而言是絕對沒有用處的。實(shí)際上，就新冠肺炎疫情而言，純粹的實(shí)體基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施大體上就是問題所在，因?yàn)樗鼛砹耸覂?nèi)大規(guī)模集會的問題。C選項(xiàng)“目前不允許大型室內(nèi)集會”正確。查看材料23.【閱讀理解PartA】Theword"grim"mostprobablymeansA.gloomy．B.bright．C.foreseeable．D.indefinite．正確答案：A參考解析：問題：單詞“grim”最有可能的意思是______

Sofar,rhetoricaroundculturalfreelancers'prospectshascentredongettingvenuesworkingagain.Buttheatresandconcerthallshavenoideawhentheywillbeallowedtoreopen,andwhentheydowillnotbepermittedtooperateatfullcapacity.Thoseintheperformingartsfaceapotentiallygrimfuture，effectivelypreventedfromworkingaftermostotherpartsoftheeconomyhavebeguntofunctionagain．到目前為止，圍繞文化自由職業(yè)者前景的言論集中在讓場館重新運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)上。但是劇院和音樂廳不知道什么時(shí)候可以重新開放，而當(dāng)它們重新開放的時(shí)候也不能以其最大容納量營業(yè)。表演藝術(shù)領(lǐng)域的從業(yè)者面臨著潛在的嚴(yán)峻前景，在大多數(shù)其他經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域開始恢復(fù)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)后，他們實(shí)際上已經(jīng)無法工作。A選項(xiàng)“黑暗的”正確。查看材料24.【閱讀理解PartA】Accordingtotheauthor，whichofthefollowingistrue?A.Artistsshouldhavethecouragetobringforthnewideas．B.Theartisticprocesscaneasethefreelancers'emotions．C.Somethingmustbedonetohelpfreelancersout．D.Thegovernmentisresponsibleforthestatusoffreelancers．正確答案：C參考解析：問題：在作者看來，下列哪一項(xiàng)是正確的?

Doingnothingisnotanoption.Itisfreelancerswhomakeart.Itisartthathaspublicvalue—thatbringsbenefitsforciviccohesion,educationandwellbeing.Itisartthatwillcontributetotheeconomicrecoveryfromthecrisis.Itisartinwhichaudiencesfindsolace,provocationandjoy．什么都不做不是一個(gè)選擇。創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)的是自由職業(yè)者。只有具有公眾價(jià)值的藝術(shù)才能為公民凝聚力、教育和福祉帶來好處。藝術(shù)將有助于經(jīng)濟(jì)從危機(jī)中復(fù)蘇。藝術(shù)能讓觀眾找到慰藉、刺激和快樂。換言之，一定要做些什么，C項(xiàng)符合文意，故為正確答案。查看材料25.【閱讀理解PartA】Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthetext?A.TheBleakOutlookforFreelancersB.UK'sRescuePackagefortheArtsC.TheImportanceof

ArttoaCountryD.FreelancersMustNotBeForgotten正確答案：D參考解析：問題：以下哪項(xiàng)是本文的最佳標(biāo)題?

本文首段指出英國政府的藝術(shù)救助計(jì)劃足以支撐英國的藝術(shù)和文化基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施直到明年春季。第二段指出維持藝術(shù)文化的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施正常運(yùn)行很重要，但沒有用。第三段指出政府忽略了自由職業(yè)者的重要性。第四段指出讓場館重新運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)不能解決自由職業(yè)者的困境。第五段指出有一些方法可以緩解自由職業(yè)者的困境。最后一段作者呼吁一定要做些什么，什么都不做不是一個(gè)選擇。綜上，本文的關(guān)鍵是“自由職業(yè)者”，從文章后面幾段可以看出自由職業(yè)者的重要性，因此D項(xiàng)總體來說符合文意，故為正確答案。材料題根據(jù)下面資料，回答26-30題

Aristotlereckonedthefacewasawindowontoaperson'smind．Ciceroagreed．Twomillenniaon,facialexpressionsarestillcommonlythoughttobeauniversallyvalidwaytogaugeotherpeople'sfeelings,irrespectiveofage,sexandculture．Araisedeyebrowsuggestsconfusion.Asmiledenoteshappiness.Afrownindicatessadness．

Ordothey?Ananalysisofhundredsofresearchpapersthatexaminedtherelationshipbetweenfacialexpressionsandunderlyingemotionshasuncoveredasurprisingconclusion:thereisnogoodscientificevidencetosuggestthattherearesuchthingsasrecognisablefacialexpressionsforbasicemotionswhichareuniversalacrosscultures.Justbecauseapersonisnotsmiling,theresearchersfound,doesnotmeanthatpersonisunhappy．

AsLisaFeldmanBarrett,oneoftheauthorsofthestudy,publishedinPsychologicalScienceinthePublicInterest,toldtheAAASmeetinginSeattle,"Wesurprisedourselves".DrFeldmanBarrettisapsychologistatNortheasternUniversityinBoston,Massachusetts,andalongwithhercolleaguesshefoundthat,onaverage,adultsinurbanculturesscowledwhentheywereangry30％ofthetime.Whichmeantthatsome70％ofthetimetheydidnotscowlwhenangry.Instead,theydidsomethingelsewiththeirfaces.Peoplealsoscowledwhentheywerenotangry."Theyscowlwhenthey'reconcentrating,theyscowlwhensomeonetellsthemabadjoke,theyscowlwhentheyhavegas,theyscowlforlotsofreasons,"saysDrFeldmanBarrett．

Ascowl,theresearchersconcluded,iscertainlyoneexpressionofanger.Butitisnottheonlywaypeopleexpressthatemotion.Theambiguousnatureoffacialexpressionswasnotrestrictedtoanger,butseemedvalidforallsixoftheemotionalcategoriesthattheyexamined:anger,disgust,fear,happiness,sadnessandsurprise．

Facialexpressionisbutoneofanumberofnon-verbalcues,suchasbodyposture,thatpeopleusetocommunicatewitheachother.Machinerecognitionofemotionneedstotakeaccountoftheseaswell.ButContextcanreachfurtherthanthat．DrMartinezcitedanexperimentinwhichparticipantswereshownaclose-uppictureofaman'sface,whichwasbrightredwithhismouthopeninascream.Basedonthisalone,mostparticipantssaidthemanwasextremelyangry.Thentheviewzoomedouttoshowafootballplayerwithhisarmsoutstretched,celebratingagoal.Hisangry-lookingfacewas,infact,ashowofpurejoy．

Giventhatpeoplecannotguesseachother'semotionalstatesmostofthetime,DrMartinezseesnoreasoncomputerswouldbeableto."TherearecompaniesrightnowclaimingtobeabletodothatandapplythistoplacesIfindreallyscaryanddangerous，forexample,inhiringpeople,"hesays."SomecompaniesrequireyoutosubmitavideoCV,andthenthisisanalysedbyamachine-learningsystem.Anddependingonyourfacialexpressions,theyhireyouornot,whichIfindreallystunningandnotonlybasedonthewronghypothesis,butadangeroushypothesis."查看材料26.【閱讀理解PartA】Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs，A.thatfacialexpressionscanexpressemotionsistime-tested．B.people'sperceptionoffacialexpressionsiswrongovertheyears．C.thestatementofoutstandingpeopleissometimeswrong．D.theemotionsrepresentedbyfacialexpressionsaffectedbyculture.正確答案：B參考解析：問題：根據(jù)前兩段，_________

thereisnogoodscientificevidencetosuggestthattherearesuchthingsasrecognisablefacialexpressionsforbasicemotionswhichareuniversalacrosscultures.Justbecauseapersonisnotsmiling,theresearchersfound,doesnotmeanthatpersonisunhappy．

沒有充分的科學(xué)證據(jù)表明，在不同文化中，基本情緒都有可識別的面部表情。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，一個(gè)人沒有微笑并不意味著他不快樂。所以B選項(xiàng)“多年來人們對面部表情的認(rèn)識是錯(cuò)的”正確。查看材料27.【閱讀理解PartA】AccordingtoBarrett’sresearch，A.therearemanywaystoexpressemotions．B.differentpeoplehavedifferentreasonsforscowl．C.theexpressionofangerlooksquiteambiguous．D.oneexpressioncanexpressvariousemotions．正確答案：D參考解析：問題：根據(jù)巴雷特的研究，_______.

先定位到第三段，巴雷特的內(nèi)容，onaverage,adultsinurbanculturesscowledwhentheywereangry30％ofthetime.Whichmeantthatsome70％ofthetimetheydidnotscowlwhenangry.Instead,theydidsomethingelsewiththeirfaces.Peoplealsoscowledwhentheywerenotangry."Theyscowlwhenthey'reconcentrating,theyscowlwhensomeonetellsthemabadjoke,theyscowlwhentheyhavegas,theyscowlforlotsofreasons,"saysDrFeldmanBarrett．通常，城市中的成年人生氣時(shí)平均有30％的時(shí)間會皺眉。這意味著大約70％的情況下，他們生氣的時(shí)候不會皺眉。相反，他們做了其他的表情。人們在不生氣的時(shí)候也會皺眉。費(fèi)爾德曼·巴雷特博士說：“集中注意力時(shí)，他們會皺眉；有人講了一個(gè)糟糕的笑話時(shí)，他們會皺眉；放屁時(shí)，他們會皺眉，他們皺眉的原因有很多。”，所以D選項(xiàng)“同一個(gè)表情可以表達(dá)多種情緒”正確。查看材料28.【閱讀理解PartA】Whatdoes"contextcanreachfurther"mean?A.Almostallexpressionshaveacertaincontext．B.Machinerecognitionofemotionneedscontext．C.Facialexpressionsalsoneedtobeunderstoodincontext．D.Theexpressionsonthephotosarenotnecessarilytrue．正確答案：C參考解析：問題：畫橫線的句子“contextcanreachfurther”是什么意思_____

聯(lián)系上下文，根據(jù)后一段內(nèi)容，DrMartinezcitedanexperimentinwhichparticipantswereshownaclose-uppictureofaman'sface,whichwasbrightredwithhismouthopeninascream.Basedonthisalone,mostparticipantssaidthemanwasextremelyangry.Thentheviewzoomedouttoshowafootballplayerwithhisarmsoutstretched,celebratingagoal.Hisangry-lookingfacewas,infact,ashowofpurejoy．在該實(shí)驗(yàn)中，研究人員給參與者展示了一名男子的臉部特寫照片，照片上的人滿臉通紅，嘴巴張大，發(fā)出尖叫。僅僅根據(jù)這一點(diǎn)，大多數(shù)參與者都說那個(gè)人非常生氣。然后畫面縮小，顯示為一名足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員伸出雙臂慶祝進(jìn)球。他那張生氣的臉，實(shí)際上是在表達(dá)一種純粹的喜悅。C選項(xiàng)“面部表情還需要結(jié)合語境來理解”正確。查看材料29.【閱讀理解PartA】DrMartinez'sattitudetowardapplyingcomputerstorecognizeexpressionsis______A.opposed．B.objective．C.unclear．D.suspicious．正確答案：A參考解析：問題：馬丁內(nèi)斯博士對應(yīng)用計(jì)算機(jī)識別表情的態(tài)度是______

Giventhatpeoplecannotguesseachother'semotionalstatesmostofthetime,DrMartinezseesnoreasoncomputerswouldbeableto.

考慮到人們大部分時(shí)間里都無法猜測彼此的情緒狀態(tài)，馬丁內(nèi)斯博士認(rèn)為計(jì)算機(jī)沒有理由能夠做到這一點(diǎn),所以馬丁內(nèi)斯博士的態(tài)度應(yīng)該是反對的，A正確。查看材料30.【閱讀理解PartA】Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthetext?A.ASmileDoesNotAlwaysMeanSomeoneIsHappyB.TheFaceWasNotaWindowontoaPerson，sMindC.FactorstoBeConsideredinUnderstandingFacialExpressionsD.AccuratelyJudgetheExpressionsofPeopleinPhotos正確答案：A參考解析：問題：以下哪項(xiàng)是本文的最佳標(biāo)題？

本題考查文章的主旨大意。前兩段指出人們都認(rèn)為面部表情能夠代表情緒，然而研究卻發(fā)現(xiàn)并非如此。第三、四段指出面部表情不能代表情緒的證據(jù)。第五段指出面部表情還需要結(jié)合語境來理解。最后一段總結(jié)指出計(jì)算機(jī)無法做到通過識別面部表情來判斷人的情感，因此將其用于某些領(lǐng)域是很危險(xiǎn)的。由此可見，本文主要圍繞面部表情不能代表情緒展開，即笑并不代表就是快樂的，A項(xiàng)符合文意，故為正確答案。材料題根據(jù)以下材料，回答31-35題

ImaginebeingabletotravelfromNewYorktoLosAngeleswithouthavingtosteponaplane,yetbeabletodosoinafractionofthetimeitwouldtaketodrive.LastmonthanewJapanesemaglevtrainreachedatopspeedofcloseto400mph，breakingitsownworldrecordintheprocess.Andthesightoffuturisticlookingtrainswhizzingpastplatformsathundredsofmilesperhourisn'tconfinedtoJapan:China,FranceandSpain,tonameafew,havetheirownhigh-speedrailnetworks.Indeed,whilethesebullettrainsmaylookfuturistic,theyhavebeenaroundfordecades;they'reatriedandtestedtechnologythattheJapanesedebutedover50yearsago.

Sosurelyit'sonlyamatteroftimebeforelargenumbersofU.S.passengersaredoingadailycommutetoNewYorkfromWashingtonandBostoninaboutthetimeitwouldtakethemtodrivetoworkintheirowncities,right？Notanytimesoon.Whileseveralcountrieshaveundertakenthetoughworkofraisingthemoneytoinvestinbullettrains,it'sunlikelytheUnitedStateswilleverseethevastnetworkofhigh-speedtrainsthatblanketothercountries.Indeed,passengerrailserviceintheUnitedStateslagsbehindmuchoftherestofthedevelopedworld.

MuchoftheUnitedStatesisnotexactlyanidealmarketforhigh-speedrail.Comparedtoplaceswhererailreallyflourishes—JapanandWesternEurope,forinstance—theUnitedStatesisgeographicallyvast.Asaresult,inmuchofthecountry,citiesarefarenoughapartthatairtravelprovidessignificanttimesavings,evencomparedtosomeofthefastesttrains.

Thelayoutofcitiesmatters,too.WhenyouarriveinTokyo,ParisorBarcelona,it'softenconvenientandevenpleasanttowalktoyourfinaldestination.Whenit'snot,afastandfrequentmasstransportationsystemawaitstowhiskyouaway.ThisisnottheeaseinmanyAmericancities,wherearrivingbytraintypicallymeansjumpingintoacaborrentingacarforthelastlegofyourjourney.Simplyput,inmanysprawlingU.S.cities,gettingtoyourdestinationbytraincanstillmeanyou'vegotquiteawayyettogethome.Wecouldchangethat.Andweprobablyshould.Butwe'renotthereyet.

TheNortheastCorridor(Boston-NewYork-Washington)comesinatthetopofjustabouteverylistofpotentialcandidatesforhigh-speedrail,withthedistancesinvolvedbeingconsideredwithinthe"Goldilocks"zoneforfasttrains.Forexample,atjustover200milesfromNewYorktobothBostonandWashington,fasttrainscouldcompetewithevenfasterairplanesbyofferingcentrallylocatedstationsandprovidinganalternativetothehassleofairportsecuritylines.Thesecitiesaredense,havestrongdowntowns,andextensivemasstransitsystemsonceyouarrive.

However,thebiggestbarriertoimprovedrailserviceintheUnitedStatesissimplythelackofpoliticalwill.Atthefederallevel,supportforpassengerrailservicehaslanguishedandWashingtonhasdevolveddecision-making(andincreasingly，funding)tothestates.Withthenation'stransportationtrustfundnearlybrokeandnopermanentsolutioninsight,itseemsunlikelythefederalgovernmentwillchampionhigh-speedrail—acostlyendeavor—inthenearfuture.

Allthispointstohowhigh-speedrailwilllikelyprogressintheUnitedStates:piecemeal.Itisdoubtfulthatwewillhaveanationwidesystemoffasttrainssoon.Andthisisnotnecessarilyabadthing;throughacombinationofprivateandpublicaction,weshouldtargetmarketswherehigh-speedrailmakessense.Thatmeanslookingforshortercorridorsconnectingdenseplaceswithexistingmasstransitinfrastructure.查看材料31.【閱讀理解PartA】TheJapanesemaglevtrainreleasedlastmonth_______.A.boastsofthefastestspeedinthewholeworldB.dependsontechnologyinvented50yearsagoC.isknownforitsfuturistic-lookingdesignD.surpassesChina,FranceandSpainintermsofinnovation正確答案：A參考解析：問題：日本上個(gè)月推出的磁懸浮_____。

LastmonthanewJapanesemaglevtrainreachedatopspeedofcloseto400mph，breakingitsownworldrecordintheprocess.

上個(gè)月，一款新的日本磁懸浮列車的最高時(shí)速接近400英里，打破了它自己保持的世界紀(jì)錄，說明之前日本高速列車的速度就是世界上最快的，A正確。查看材料32.【閱讀理解PartA】ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2that_______.A.commutersbetweenNewYork,WashingtonandBostonprefertodrivetoworkB.eachstateintheUShastoraisethemoneyonitsowntoinvestinbullettrainsC.theprospectofahugenetworkofhigh-speedtrainscoveringtheUSisbleakD.it'sonlyamatteroftimebeforehigh-speedrailsarebuiltonalargescaleintheUS正確答案：C參考解析：問題：從第二段可以推斷出______。

it'sunlikelytheUnitedStateswilleverseethevastnetworkofhigh-speedtrainsthatblanketothercountries.美國不太可能像其他國家那樣大力投資發(fā)展高鐵，不會出現(xiàn)其他國家那樣龐大的高速列車網(wǎng)絡(luò)，C正確。查看材料33.【閱讀理解PartA】TheauthorusestheexampleofTokyo,ParisorBarcelonatoshowthat_______.A.trafficcongestionisahugeprobleminmanyAmericancitiesB.thelastmilechallengeforpassengershindersthedevelopmentofbullettrainsintheUSC.thehorriblelayoutofAmericancitiesdemandsradicalandurgentchangesD.theUSshouldexpandinvestmentinurbanmasstransportationsystem正確答案：B參考解析：問題：作者使用東京、巴黎或巴塞羅那的例子來表明______。

Thelayoutofcitiesmatters，too.WhenyouarriveinTokyo,ParisorBarcelona,it'softenconvenientandevenpleasanttowalktoyourfinaldestination.Whenit'snot,afastandfrequentmasstransportationsystemawaitstowhiskyouaway.ThisisnottheeaseinmanyAmericancities，wherearrivingbytraintypicallymeansjumpingintoacaborrentingacarforthelastlegofyourjourney.Simplyput,inmanysprawlingU.S.cities，gettingtoyourdestinationbytraincanstillmeanyou'vegotquiteawayyettogethome.Wecouldchangethat.Andweprobablyshould.Butwe'renotthereyet.

城市的布局也很重要。當(dāng)你到達(dá)東京、巴黎或巴塞羅那時(shí)，步行到你的最終目的地通常很方便，甚至很舒適。就算步行不方便，一個(gè)快速而頻繁的公共交通系統(tǒng)會等著把你帶走。但在許多美國城市，情況并非如此，坐火車通常意味著要乘坐出租車或租車，才能走完旅程的最后一段。簡單地說，在美國的許多大城市里，坐火車到達(dá)目的地仍然意味著你離家還有很長的路要走。我們可以改變這一點(diǎn)。也許我們應(yīng)該這么做。但我們還沒走到那一步。B正確。查看材料34.【閱讀理解PartA】TheNortheastCorridorisregardedasanidealpotentialcandidateforhigh-speedrailforthefollowingfactorsEXCEPT_______.A.convenientpublictransportationsystemB.strictsecuritychecksatthelocalairportC.appropriatedistancesamongthemajorcitiesinthisareaD.denselypopulatedandprosperousdowntown正確答案：B參考解析：問題：東北走廊被認(rèn)為是理想的潛在高速鐵路修建對象，是因?yàn)橄铝幸蛩兀薩_____。

Forexample，atjustover200milesfromNewYorktobothBostonandWashington,fasttrainscouldcompetewithevenfasterairplanesbyofferingcentrallylocatedstationsandprovidinganalternativetothehassleofairport,securitylines.Thesecitiesaredense，havestrongdowntowns，andextensivemasstransitsystemsonceyouarrive.從紐約到波士頓和華盛頓只有200英里多一點(diǎn)的距離，高鐵列車可以與速度更快的飛機(jī)競爭，因?yàn)榛疖囓囌疚挥诔鞘兄行?，并可以避免機(jī)場安檢排隊(duì)的麻煩。這些城市人口密集，有繁榮的市中心，而且一到站就可以接續(xù)行程的大規(guī)模的公共交通系統(tǒng)。B正確。查看材料35.【閱讀理解PartA】Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthistext?A.Whycan'tAmericaHaveWorld-classHigh-speedTrains?B.ArePlansforHigh-speedRailintheUnitedStatesFeasible?C.AboutReadytoRoll:AmericanHigh-speedRailD.UpcomingHigh-SpeedTrainRoutesintheUnitedStates正確答案：A參考解析：問題：這篇文章的最佳標(biāo)題是什么?

主旨題。本文主要探討了美國無法修建全國性高鐵網(wǎng)絡(luò)的原因，前兩段介紹背景；第三段給出的原因是美國的地理面積廣闊，火車不如飛機(jī)：第四段談到的原因是城市的布局不利于建高鐵；第五、六段提到雖然美國的東北走廊(波士頓一紐約一華盛頓)適合建高鐵，但是改善美國鐵路服務(wù)的最大障礙是缺乏政治意愿。因此答案選A.。B.C.D.不符合文章大意。材料題根據(jù)以下材料，回答36-40題

STEM(science,technology,engineeringandmath)touchesallpartsofourculture.AllchildrenneedsomeformofSTEM——whethertheychoosetopursueacareerinitornot——sothattheycanbepilotsandnotjustpassengersinthistechnologicalage.Aqualityeducationintheseall—impo