動詞的過去式及過去分詞

動詞的過去式及過去分詞一.不規(guī)則動詞過去式和過去分詞原型，過去式，和過去分詞完全不同drink---drankdrunksingsangsungsinksanksunkknowdrink---drankdrunksingsangsungsinksanksunkknow---knew---knownflyflewflowndrivedrovedrivenringrangrungblowblewblowntaketooktakenwrite---wrote---writtenrise---rose---risenswimswamswumgrowgrewgrownshakeshookshakenrideroderiddenspeakspokespokenstealstolestolenbreakbrokebrokenwakewokewokenfreezefrozefrozenforgetforgotforgottenchoosechosechosendrawdrewdrawneatateeatenfallfellfallengivegavegivenhidehidhiddenseesawseendodiddone過去式與過去分詞完全相同brightbroughtbroughtbrightbroughtbroughtthinkthoughtthoughtfightfoughtfoughtbuyboughtboughtcatchcaughtcaughtsellsoldsoldtelltoldtoldsaysaidsaidpaypaidpaidpaypaidpaidsendsentsentlendlentlentspendspentspentburnburntburntlearnlearntlearntmeanmeantmeantfeelfeltfeltsmellsmeltsmeltsleepsleptsleptsweep---sleptsleptleaveleftleftbuildbuiltbuiltloselostlostgetgotgotmeetmetmetsitsatsatshootshotshotleadledledspitspatspathavehadhadholdheldheldmakemademadestandstood---stoodhearheardheardfindfoundfounddigdugdugshineshoneshoneunderstandunderstoodunderstoodwinwonwonC.原型與過去分詞相同comecamecomerunranrunbecomebecamebecomeD.原形與過去式和過去分詞完全相同castcastcastcutcutcutputputputletletletsetsetsethithithitshutshutshuthang——hung——hung吊，掛lie---lied---lie說謊lie—-lay—-lain躺下，位于，平放hangedhanged處絞刑lay---laid---laid置放。動詞過去式be(am\is)wasarewerecomecamegowentdo(does)didflyflewdrawdrewmakemadesingsanghave(has)hadeatatedrinkdrankputputletlet

readreadcancouldseesawmeetmetgetgotforgetforgottaketookcancouldmaymightshallshouldwillwouldknowknewbeginbeganbendbentbuildbuiltspendspentmeanmeantlearnlearntlearnedbuyboughtthinkthoughtteachtaughtcatchcaughtsleepsleptsweepsweptkeepkeptspeakspokeriderodefeelfeltleaveleftgivegaverunranringrangsitsatswimswamTOC\o"1-5"\h\zsaysaidstandstoodtelltoldthrowthrewwinwonwritewrote二.不規(guī)則動詞的過去式的構(gòu)成.把動詞原形中的i改為a,變成過去式。如：sang，begin—began，drink—drank，give—gave，ring—rang，singsit—sat，sang，.把重讀開音節(jié)中的i改為o,變成過去式。如：drive—drove，ride—rode，write—wrote.改動詞原形中的aw/ow為ew,變成過去式。如：draw-^drew,grow—grew,know-knew,throw-threw（動詞show除外，show—showed）.動詞原形中的e改為o,變成過去式。如：get—got,forget—forgot.動詞原形中的ee改為e,變成過去式。如：feed—fed,meet—met.動詞原形中的eep改為ept,變成過去式。如：keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept.動詞原形中的eak改為oke,變成過去式。如：break—broke,speak—spoke.動詞原形中的ell改為old,變成過去式。如：sell—sold,tell—told.動詞原形中的an改為oo,變成過去式。如：stand—stood，understand—understood.以ought和aught結(jié)尾，且讀音是〔：t〕的過去式。如：bring—brought，buy—bought，think—thought，catch—caught，teach—taught.以ould結(jié)尾且讀音為〔ud〕的情態(tài)動詞過去式。如：can—could，shall—should，will—would.把動詞原形中的o改為a,變成過去式。如：come—came，become—became.在動詞原形后加d或t變成過去式，并且發(fā)生音變。如：hear〔hi〕—heard〔h：d〕,say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕,mean〔mi：n〕—meant〔ment〕14．動詞的過去式與動詞原形一樣。如：let—let,must—must,put—put,read—read〔red〕15．不符合上述規(guī)律的動詞過去式。如：am，is—was，are—were，build—built，do—did，eat—ate，fall—fell，feel—felt，find—found，fly—flew，go—went，have／has—had，hold—held，leave—left，make—made，may—might，run—ran，see—saw，take—took三.不規(guī)則動詞過去式和過去分詞巧記方法動詞的過去式和過去分詞是初中英語教學(xué)中的重點(diǎn)，而有些動詞的不規(guī)則變化是這些重點(diǎn)中的難點(diǎn)，但這些不規(guī)則變化也不是毫無規(guī)律可循的。現(xiàn)將初中英語中一些常用的不規(guī)則動詞變化介紹如下。（一）、原形、過去式和過去分詞的詞形和讀音都相同的單詞，結(jié)尾字母一般是t或d。如：cut-cut-cut,hit-hit-hit,put-put-put,cost-cost-cost,let-let-let,shut-shut-shut,set-set-set,hurt-hurt-hurt,spread-spread-spread特殊：動詞read的過去式和過去分詞雖然詞形與原形一致，read-read-read,但發(fā)音分別是[ri:d]-[red]-[red]。（二）、有些動詞的過去分詞與原形是一樣的。如：come-came-come,become-became-become,run-ran-run,overcome-overcame-overcome（三）、有些動詞的過去式和過去分詞相同。如：.把單詞結(jié)尾的字母d改為t。如：lend-lent-lent,spend-spent-spent,send-sent-sent.改變單詞中間元音字母。如：sit-sat-sat,win-won-won,shine-shone-shone,hold-held-held.以eep結(jié)尾的動詞，把eep改為ept。如：keep-kept-kept,sleep-slept-slept,sweep-swept-swept.過去式和過去分詞都以augh或ough結(jié)尾的動詞。如：buy-bought-bought,fight-fought-fought,think-thought-thought,bring-brought-brought,teach-taught-taught,catch-caught-caught.有的以ay結(jié)尾的動詞，在過去式和過去分詞中把a(bǔ)y變成aid。如：say-said-said,lay-laid-laid,pay-paid-paid.另有一些其它形式的變化。如：have-had-had,learn-learnt-learnt,leave-left-left,lose-lost-lost,make-made-made,meet-met-met,feel-felt-felt（四）、有些動詞原形中含有字母i，在過去式中變i為a，在過去分詞中變i為u。如：（五）、以字母ow或aw結(jié)尾的動詞，在變成過去式時，通常把元音字母變成e，在變成過去分詞時，通常只在詞尾加n。如：blow-blew-blown,draw-drew-drawn,grow-grew-grown,throw-threw-thrown,know-knew-