2022-2023學(xué)年江蘇省泰州市高三上學(xué)期期末調(diào)研測(cè)試英語(yǔ)試卷

泰州市2022～2023學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末調(diào)研考試高三英語(yǔ)試題(考試時(shí)間:120分鐘;總分:150分)注意事項(xiàng):1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上,寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Havelunch.B.Feedthefish.C.Watchamatch.2.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Aholidayplan.B.Ajobinterview.C.Amedicalappointment.3.Howlongwilltheexamlast?A.Onehour.B.Twohours.C.Threehours.4.Whyisthewomanseekinghelp?A.Herhusbandischoking.B.Herhusband’sbackishurt.C.Herhusbandhasfoodpoisoning.5.Whereistheconversationprobablytakingplace?A.Intheschoolhall.B.Inthegovernmentoffice.C.Ataweddingceremony.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatarethespeakerscelebrating?A.Receivingalargecashprize.B.Beinghiredbyadreamcompany.C.Gettingpraisefromtheirschool.7.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Workonapresentation.B.Postsomeinformationonline.C.Talktosomeofherteammembers.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Eathealthyfood.B.Trydifferentfoods.C.Havesomedeliciousfood.9.Whichdoesthewomanthinkisbetterthanvegetablespread?A.Butter.B.Cheese.C.Sugar.10.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Readsomething.B.Havesomecake.C.Eattheman’sfood.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatistheboy’sproblem?A.Hemighthavetochangeschools.B.Hedidn’tgetacceptedintotheuniversity.C.Hisfatherisleavingonalongbusinesstrip.12.Whichgradewilltheboybeinnextyear?A.Thetenthgrade.B.Theninthgrade.C.Thesixthgrade.13.Whatisthewoman’smainconcernprobably?A.Tryingtomakesomenewfriends.B.Doingwhateverisbestforthefamily.C.Helpingtoimprovetheboy’sgrades.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Moviedirectorandactor.B.TVprogramhostandguest.C.Awardshowreporterandsinger.15.Wheredidthemangrowup?A.InParis.B.InLosAngeles.C.InNewYorkCity.16.Whatisthemanmostproudof?A.Workingwithsomebestactors.B.Starringinmoviesallovertheworld.C.WinninganAcademyAwardforBestActor.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Howoftenistheeventheld?A.Onceamonth.B.Fourtimesayear.C.Onceayear.18.WhoisMarcusRice?A.Aproducerrepresentative.B.Aneventorganizer.C.Aguestspeaker.19.Wherehastheguestspeakercomebackfrom?A.Russia.B.China.C.TheUS.20.Howisthefoodservedattheevent?A.It’scheap.B.It’slimited.C.It’shealthy.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATopAnnualEventsinArizonaRockin’ChristmasAdmissionAdults:$39,Children:$16TumuptheholidayspiritwithWorldofIllumination’sRockin’ChristmasfromDecember21st,2022toJanuary1st,2023.Inthismilelongsymphonyofsightandsound,you’llseemillionsofcolorfullightsandhundredsofanimateddisplays.LightsattheFarmAdmissionAdults:$18,Children:$7FallingonDecember21st,Arizona’slargestwalk-throughChristmaslightshowlasts10days.TenacresoffestivelightdisplayskeeptimewithpopularChristmassongs,guaranteedtospreadholidaycheer.Enjoyawonderfulholidayfarmenvironmentwithdeliciousfood，music,skating,andotherfamily-friendlyentertainment.LightandLegacyAdmissionAdults:$20,Children:$5Fromthelate1890sto1930s,EdwardCurtistookthousandsofphotographsofAmericansfromArizonatoAlaskaashecollectedwhatwouldbecomethe20volumesofTheNorthAmerican.HeldfromtheendofDecembertotheendofApril,theexhibitionwillimpressyouwithoutstandingimages.CanvasofClayAdmissionAdults:$15,Children:$9Onexhibitforthefirsttime,morethan65ofthefinestexamplesofHopipotteryfromTheAllanandJudithCookeCollection.WiththedurationfromDecember2IsttoDecember31st,thisexhibitioncelebratessixcenturiesoftheHopipeopleandculture.1.Whicheventlaststhelongest?A.Rockin’Christmas. B.LightsattheFarm.C.LightandLegacy. D.CanvasofClay.2.HowmuchwillacouplewithachildpaytoseeHopipottery?A.$24. B.$30. C.$39. D.$45.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atravelguide. B.Amarketreport.C.Abusinessreview. D.Ageographybook.【答案】1.C2.C3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四個(gè)亞利桑那州的年度頂級(jí)活動(dòng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Rockin’ChristmasTumuptheholidayspiritwithWorldofIllumination’sRockin’ChristmasfromDecember21st,2022toJanuary1st,2023.（搖滾的圣誕節(jié)從2022年12月21日到2023年1月1日，世界照明的搖滾圣誕節(jié)來(lái)激發(fā)節(jié)日精神。）”可知，搖滾的圣誕節(jié)舉辦十多天?！癓ightsattheFarmFallingonDecember21st,Arizona’slargestwalk-throughChristmaslightshowlasts10days.（農(nóng)場(chǎng)的燈光12月21日，亞利桑那州最大的圣誕燈展將持續(xù)10天。）”可知，農(nóng)場(chǎng)的燈光持續(xù)10天?！癓ightandLegacyHeldfromtheendofDecembertotheendofApril,theexhibitionwillimpressyouwithoutstandingimages.（光與遺產(chǎn)展覽將于12月底至4月底舉行，即使沒(méi)有站立的圖像，也會(huì)給你留下深刻的印象。）”可知，光與遺產(chǎn)展覽將舉辦4個(gè)月?！癈anvasofClayWiththedurationfromDecember2IsttoDecember31st,thisexhibitioncelebratessixcenturiesoftheHopipeopleandculture.（粘土帆布本次展覽從12月2日持續(xù)到12月31日，慶?；羝ぷ迦撕臀幕牧鶄€(gè)世紀(jì)。）”可知，粘土帆布展覽將舉辦近一個(gè)月。光與遺產(chǎn)展覽持續(xù)時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“CanvasofClayAdmissionAdults:$15,Children:$9Onexhibitforthefirsttime,morethan65ofthefinestexamplesofHopipotteryfromTheAllanandJudithCookeCollection.（粘土帆布成人:15美元，兒童:9美元。本次展覽首次展出了超過(guò)65件來(lái)自艾倫和朱迪斯·庫(kù)克收藏的霍皮陶器精品。）”可知，一對(duì)帶著孩子的夫婦花39美元去看霍皮陶器。15×2+9=39（美元）。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題目“TopAnnualEventsinArizona（亞利桑那州的年度頂級(jí)活動(dòng)）”可知，這篇文章介紹了四個(gè)人們可以參加的頂級(jí)活動(dòng)，來(lái)自旅游指南。故選A。BCarltonMcCoy,oneofthewineindustry’snewestheavyhitters,earnedtheMasterSommelier(侍酒師)title-thehighestqualificationinthewineindustry.D.C.childhood.Asknowninthefield,McCoyenteredtheindustrythroughthekitchen.HewasraisedbyhisgrandmotherinWashington,D.C.andcookingwasasignificantpartofhischildhood.Asawinnerinacookingcompetitiondesignedfordisadvantagedteenagers，McCoyearnedafullscholarshiptoacollege,CulinaryInstituteofAmerica(CIA).Thiswasamajorturningpointinhislife,ashehadn’tbeenplanningtoentercollege.“CIA’slikethemilitary.Youhavetoshowupeverydayclean-shaven,andyourknivesmustbesharp.Ifthechefcan’tsliceasheetofpaperwithyourknife,youhavetogohomeandsharpenyourknives,”McCoysays.“Iknowit’sveryodd,butIactuallythoughtitwasfun.”Afterearninghisbachelor’sdegreeinCIA,McCoymovedtoNewYork,wherehefoundthatserversmademoremoneythancooks,sohebecameatemporaryserver.Butheendedupreallyenjoyingthedelightofgettingtoconnectwithpeopleoverfoodandwine.“Iliketalkingtopeopleaboutfood,”hesays.“ItwassomethingIreallymissedinthepast.”Totellhiscustomersmore,hetriedtolearnaboutwine,andthatwashowhecametolearntheCourtofMasterSommeliers.At28yearsold,hebecamethesecond-youngestpersonintheworldtopasstheMasterSommelierexam.McCoyisnowtheCEOofHeitzCellar.“Ithinkmyexistinginahighpositionhopefullycanleadasanexampletoencourageotherstobeconfident,”hesays.“Justlike‘heylook,thisissomethingIcoulddo.’Tome,it’sworthittotakemycareerasfarasIcanjusttoshowpeoplethattheycanalsomakeadifference.”4.WhatledMcCoytogotocollege?A.Hispassionforcooking.B.Hisfameinthewineindustry.C.Hisgrandma’sencouragement.D.Hisscholarshipfromacompetition.5.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheMcCoy’sexperienceinCIA?A.Riskyandtiring. B.Meaningfulbutfruitless.C.Difficultandunpleasant. D.Stressfulbutinteresting.6.WhydidMcCoyinitiallychoosetobeaserverafterearninghisbachelor’sdegree?A.Hecouldearnmoremoneyasaserver.B.Hewasabletolearnmoreaboutwine.C.Hemissedhischildhoodexperience.D.Hewasfondofinteractingwithpeople.7.WhatcanwelearnfromMcCoy’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Detailsdeterminesuccessorfailure.B.Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.C.Neverunderestimateyourpowertochangeyourself.D.Knowledgewithoutpracticemakesbuthalfanartist.【答案】4.D5.D6.A7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要介紹了卡爾頓·麥考伊如何成為了世界上第二年輕的侍酒師。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Asawinnerinacookingcompetitiondesignedfordisadvantagedteenagers，McCoyearnedafullscholarshiptoacollege,CulinaryInstituteofAmerica(CIA).Thiswasamajorturningpointinhislife,ashehadn’tbeenplanningtoentercollege.(作為為貧困青少年設(shè)計(jì)的烹飪比賽的獲勝者，McCoy獲得了美國(guó)烹飪學(xué)院(CIA)的全額獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。這是他人生中的一個(gè)重大轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)，因?yàn)樗安](méi)有打算上大學(xué))”可知，他的比賽獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金促使麥考伊上大學(xué)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中““CIA’slikethemilitary.Youhavetoshowupeverydayclean-shaven,andyourknivesmustbesharp.Ifthechefcan’tsliceasheetofpaperwithyourknife,youhavetogohomeandsharpenyourknives,”McCoysays.“Iknowit’sveryodd,butIactuallythoughtitwasfun.”(“美國(guó)烹飪學(xué)院就像軍隊(duì)。你每天都要把臉刮干凈，你的刀也要鋒利。如果廚師不能用你的刀切一張紙，你就得回家磨刀?！薄拔抑肋@很奇怪，但我真的覺(jué)得很有趣?！?”可知，在美國(guó)烹飪學(xué)院要求很高，壓力很大，但是麥考伊覺(jué)得很有趣。故選D項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Afterearninghisbachelor’sdegreeinCIA,McCoymovedtoNewYork,wherehefoundthatserversmademoremoneythancooks,sohebecameatemporaryserver.(在中央情報(bào)局獲得學(xué)士學(xué)位后，麥考伊搬到了紐約，在那里他發(fā)現(xiàn)服務(wù)員比廚師賺得多，所以他成為了一名臨時(shí)服務(wù)員)”可知，麥考伊發(fā)現(xiàn)服務(wù)員比廚師賺得多，所以選擇做一名服務(wù)員。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Ithinkmyexistinginahighpositionhopefullycanleadasanexampletoencourageotherstobeconfident,”hesays.“Justlike‘heylook,thisissomethingIcoulddo.’Tome,it’sworthittotakemycareerasfarasIcanjusttoshowpeoplethattheycanalsomakeadifference.”(他說(shuō):“我希望自己身居高位能夠成為一個(gè)榜樣，鼓勵(lì)其他人變得自信?！薄熬拖瘛伲?，這是我可以做的事情?！瘜?duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，為了讓人們知道他們也可以有所作為，我的職業(yè)生涯可以走得更遠(yuǎn)，這是值得的?！?”可知，我們可以從McCoy最后一段的話中學(xué)到，他通過(guò)自己成為榜樣，告訴他人永遠(yuǎn)不要低估你改變自己的能力。故選C項(xiàng)。CAhandfulofhealthysoilcouldcontaingreatnumbersoflivingorganisms.However,poisonouspesticides(殺蟲(chóng)劑)arecausingharmanddestructiontothem,accordingtoarecentanalysis.Fortheanalysis,researcherslookedthroughnearly400publishedstudiesincludingover2,800experimentsonhowpesticidesaffectsoilorganisms.Theyfoundthatpesticidesharmedorganismscriticaltomaintaininghealthysoils,buttheseharmshaveneverbeenconsideredinthesafetyreviewsoftheEPA(EnvironmentalProtectionAgency).Poisonouspesticidesaredrivingfactorsinthesharpdeclineofmanysoilorganisms,suchasgroundbeetles.Theyhavebeenidentifiedasthemostsignificantdriverofsoilbiodiversitylossinthelasttenyears.However,thatresearchhasalwaysbeenignored.TheEPA,whichisresponsibleforpesticidesupervision(監(jiān)管)inthecountry,openlyacknowledgesthatsomewherebetween50and100percentofallagriculturallyappliedpesticidesenduponthesoil.Yet,toassesspesticides’harmstosoilspecies,theagencyjustusesasingletestspecies,theEuropeanhoneybee,toestimaterisktoallsoilorganisms.Itspendsitsentirelifeabovegroundinartificialboxes.Worsestill,assoilhealthgainpopularityglobally,pesticidecompanieshavejumpeduptogreenwashandpromotetheirproducts.Everymajorcompanyisnowadvertisingitsroleinimprovingsoilhealth,suchasadvocatingplantingcovercrops.Asgeneralbeliefs,thesepracticesareindeedgoodforsoilhealthand,ifadoptedresponsibly,areagreatsteptotake.Butcompaniesknowthatthesepracticesareoftenaccompaniedbyincreasedpesticideuse.Chemicalsandpesticideshavetobeappliedmorefrequentlytokillweedsbeforecropsareplanted.Thelong-termenvironmentalcostcannolongerbeoverlooked.SoilsaresomeofthemostcomplexecosystemsonEarth,containingnearlyaquarteroftheplanet’sbiodiversity.Protectingthemshouldbeapriority,notanafterthought.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“They”refertoinParagraph2?A.Soilorganisms. B.Groundbeetles.C.Artificialboxes. D.Poisonouspesticides.9.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A.Thehoneybeeisatypicalspecieslivinginnature.B.Theassessmentofpesticides’harmsisone-sided.C.Lessthanhalfofappliedpesticidegotothesoileventually.D.TheEPAattachesgreatimportancetopesticideinspection.10.Whydopesticidecompaniesadvocateplantingcovercrops?A.ToobeytheEPA’srules.B.Toincreasetheirproductsales.C.Toprotecttheenvironment.D.Toshouldertheirsocialresponsibility.11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Soil:essentialtoagriculture.B.Pesticides:harmfultosoilhealth.C.Organisms:significanttoharvest.D.Pollution:destructivetobiodiversity.【答案】8.D9.B10.B11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。少量健康的土壤就可能含有大量的生物體。然而，根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)分析，有毒的農(nóng)藥正在對(duì)它們?cè)斐蓚推茐??！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段“Poisonouspesticidesaredrivingfactorsinthesharpdeclineofmanysoilorganisms,suchasgroundbeetles.Theyhavebeenidentifiedasthemostsignificantdriverofsoilbiodiversitylossinthelasttenyears.（有毒農(nóng)藥是導(dǎo)致許多土壤生物(如地甲蟲(chóng))數(shù)量急劇下降的原因。它們被認(rèn)為是過(guò)去十年土壤生物多樣性喪失的最重要的驅(qū)動(dòng)因素。）”可知，they指代Poisonouspesticides有毒的農(nóng)藥。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“However,thatresearchhasalwaysbeenignored.TheEPA,whichisresponsibleforpesticidesupervision(監(jiān)管)inthecountry,openlyacknowledgesthatsomewherebetween50and100percentofallagriculturallyappliedpesticidesenduponthesoil.Yet,toassesspesticides’harmstosoilspecies,theagencyjustusesasingletestspecies,theEuropeanhoneybee,toestimaterisktoallsoilorganisms.（然而，這項(xiàng)研究一直被忽視。負(fù)責(zé)全國(guó)農(nóng)藥監(jiān)管的美國(guó)環(huán)境保護(hù)署(EPA)公開(kāi)承認(rèn)，所有農(nóng)業(yè)上使用的農(nóng)藥中，有50%到100%最終會(huì)進(jìn)入土壤。然而，為了評(píng)估農(nóng)藥對(duì)土壤物種的危害，該機(jī)構(gòu)只使用單一的測(cè)試物種——?dú)W洲蜜蜂，來(lái)評(píng)估對(duì)所有土壤生物的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。）”可知，對(duì)農(nóng)藥危害的評(píng)估是片面的。故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“products.Everyssoilhealthgainpopularityglobally,pesticidecompanieshavejumpeduptogreenwashandpromotetheirproducts.Everymajorcompanyisnowadvertisingitsroleinimprovingsoilhealth,suchasadvocatingplantingcovercrops.Asgeneralbeliefs,thesepracticesareindeedgoodforsoilhealthand,ifadoptedresponsibly,areagreatsteptotake.Butcompaniesknowthatthesepracticesareoftenaccompaniedbyincreasedpesticideuse.Chemicalsandpesticideshavetobeappliedmorefrequentlytokillweedsbeforecropsareplanted.（更糟糕的是，隨著土壤健康在全球范圍內(nèi)越來(lái)越受歡迎，農(nóng)藥公司紛紛投身于綠色清洗和推廣他們的產(chǎn)品。每家大公司現(xiàn)在都在宣傳自己在改善土壤健康方面的作用，比如提倡種植覆蓋作物。）”可知，農(nóng)藥公司提倡種植覆蓋作物為了增加他們的產(chǎn)品銷(xiāo)售。故選B。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Ahandfulofhealthysoilcouldcontaingreatnumbersoflivingorganisms.However,poisonouspesticides(殺蟲(chóng)劑)arecausingharmanddestructiontothem,accordingtoarecentanalysis.（少量健康的土壤就可能含有大量的生物體。然而，根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)分析，有毒的農(nóng)藥正在對(duì)它們?cè)斐蓚推茐摹＃笨芍?，B“Pesticides:harmfultosoilhealth.（農(nóng)藥:對(duì)土壤健康有害）”適合做最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。DAswinterapproaches,warm-bloodedanimalschoosetohandlethecoldinasocialway:crowdingtogetherinbunches.FrommicetoHimalayanrabbits,individualsinagroupwillgathertogethertosharetheheatfromtheirbodiesandavoidtheriskofdyingfromcold.Whilehumansmaynotphysicallycrowdtogether,ourancestorswouldhavebeenrelyingonthesupportofothersforfood,fuelandshelter,andthiswouldhavebeenespeciallyimportantwhenitwascold.Thus,theymightbeverysensitivetootherswhenthetemperaturedropped.Theywerelikelytoseekoutothersourcesofwarmth,iftheyfeltthattheycouldnolongerrelyonthegroupforsupport.PsychologistGeoffreywasthefirsttoinvestigatethat.HeturnedtoavideogamecalledCyberball,whichattemptstorecreatethekindofsocialrejectionthatmanyofusmighthaveexperiencedintheplayground.Eachparticipantisseeminglyplacedinagroupofthreeandaskedtoplayvirtualcatchwithtwootherpeople,hiddenoutofsight.Infact,twooftheplayersarecontrolledbyacomputer.Inthebeginning,thesecomputerizedplayersaredesignedtothrowtheballtotheparticipant,butafterawhiletheybegintoavoidtheparticipantasprogrammed,sothattheparticipantnolongerfeelsinvolvedinthegame.Havingbeenexcludedbytheotherplayers,theparticipantreportsfeelingrejected.Andtheparticipantshavethetendencytolookforsourcesofwarmthascomfort.Likeallpsychologicaldiscoveries,itmaybeofsignificancetohuman’smentalhealth.It’ssaidthatpatientswithdepressionoftenreportfeelingcold.Adeeperunderstandingofthepsychologicalmechanismmightsuggestnewtreatmentsforthisdisorder.Moreimmediately,withfuelbillsincreasing,theemotionaleffectsofthecoldthiswinterneedtobeconsidered.Clearly,practicalsolutionstothefuelcrisismustcomefirst,butwemightalsolookforwaystoconnectmorewiththosearounduslikeanimalscrowdingtogetherbothphysicallyandsocially.12.Whydoestheauthormention“mice”and“rabbits”inParagraph1?A.Tomakeaprediction.B.Todrawacomparison.C.Toexplainaregulation.D.Toillustrateaphenomenon.13.Whatcanweinferaboutourancestors?A.Theydependedoneachotherforsurvival.B.Theytendedtoliveclosetooneanother.C.Theywererelativelymoresensitivetocold.D.Theyhadabundantsourcesofwarmthinwinter.14.Whataretheparticipantslikelytodowhentheyfeelrejected?A.Theymaybuyanice-cream.B.Theymaydrinkacupofhotcoffee.C.Theymayeatsomepotatochips.D.Theymayconsumecoolorangejuice.15.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthediscovery?A.Ithelpssolvethefuelcrisis.B.Itprovidesreasonsfordepression.C.Itcontributestotheemotionalhealth.D.Itsuggestslessconnectionbetweenpeople.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。心理學(xué)家杰弗里通過(guò)一款名為Cyberball的電子游戲?qū)⑴c者就溫度下降人類(lèi)是否會(huì)尋找其他溫暖的來(lái)源進(jìn)行調(diào)查，發(fā)現(xiàn)被其他玩家排除在外后，參與者傾向于尋找溫暖的來(lái)源作為安慰。像所有心理學(xué)的發(fā)現(xiàn)一樣，它可能對(duì)人類(lèi)的心理健康有重要意義?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Aswinterapproaches,warm-bloodedanimalschoosetohandlethecoldinasocialway:crowdingtogetherinbunches.FrommicetoHimalayanrabbits,individualsinagroupwillgathertogethertosharetheheatfromtheirbodiesandavoidtheriskofdyingfromcold.（隨著冬天的臨近，溫血?jiǎng)游飼?huì)選擇群居的方式來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)寒冷:聚集在一起。從老鼠到喜馬拉雅兔子，群體中的個(gè)體會(huì)聚集在一起，分享身體的熱量，避免因寒冷而死亡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。）”可知，第一段提到老鼠和兔子目的為了說(shuō)明一種現(xiàn)象：溫血?jiǎng)游飼?huì)選擇群居的方式來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)寒冷。故選D。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Whilehumansmaynotphysicallycrowdtogether,ourancestorswouldhavebeenrelyingonthesupportofothersforfood,fuelandshelter,andthiswouldhavebeenespeciallyimportantwhenitwascold.（雖然人類(lèi)在身體上可能不會(huì)擠在一起，但我們的祖先在食物、燃料和住所方面一直依賴他人的支持，這在寒冷的時(shí)候尤其重要。）”可知，我們的祖先們依靠彼此生存。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Havingbeenexcludedbytheotherplayers,theparticipantreportsfeelingrejected.Andtheparticipantshavethetendencytolookforsourcesofwarmthascomfort.（被其他玩家排除在外后，參與者報(bào)告了被拒絕的感覺(jué)。參與者傾向于尋找溫暖的來(lái)源作為安慰。）”可知，當(dāng)參與者感到被拒絕時(shí)，他們可能會(huì)喝一杯熱咖啡。故選B。【15題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Likeallpsychologicaldiscoveries,itmaybeofsignificancetohuman’smentalhealth.（像所有心理學(xué)的發(fā)現(xiàn)一樣，它可能對(duì)人類(lèi)的心理健康有重要意義。）”可知，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)有助于情感健康。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。WhyisitimportanttothinkinEnglish?Thingswilljustbeeasierandfasterifyoudon’ttranslatesomuch.____16____That’sveryunrealistic,particularlyifit’snottheonlylanguageyouspeak.Butthemoreyoupractice,theeasieritbecomes.So,whatcanbedonetohelpyouthinkinEnglish??____17____Nowadays,mostpeoplelookattheirphonesorcomputersconstantly.IfyouchangethelanguagetoEnglish,notonlywillyoupossiblylearnsomenewvocabulary,butEnglishwillbecomeabiggerpartofyourdailylife.Besides,thinkabouttheappsthatyouusefrequentlyandchangethelanguagesettings.?DescribewhatyouseeinEnglishinyourhead.words.____thiswhenyou’resittingathome,walkinginapark,ortravelingonatrain.Ifyou’reabeginneroryou’refeelinglazyoryoudon’thavemuchenergy,youcanjustusesinglewords.____18____?Imaginesentencesyoumightuseinaconversation.Itcanalsobeagoodideatowritesentencesdownandpracticesayingthemsothattheyalmostbecomeautomatic.____19____Forexample,ifyou’verecentlyreachedanEnglish-speakingcountryandyou’llattendaparty,it’spossiblethatpeoplewillaskyouquestions,likewhereyou’refromorwhatyourplansare.?Thinkofwhatyou’vedoneattheendofthedayinEnglish.Beforeyougotobed,youcanalsowritethemdown.Ifyouthinkthatwilltaketoomuchtime,anicealterativeisjustwritingdownpositivethings.____20____Notonlymightthatputyouinabettermood,butyouarealsolikelytofinishtasksmoreefficiently.A.Asthesayinggoes,practicemakesperfect.B.TrytothinkinEnglishasmuchaspossible.C.However,itisbetterifyoucanusefullsentences.D.Changethelanguageofyourelectronicdevicesandapps.E.Trytopredictthetypesofconversationsthatyouwillhave.F.So,anythingthatmadeyouhappyorthatyouenjoyedisOK.G.Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetobethinkinginEnglishallthetime.【答案】16.G17.D18.C19.E20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了四種幫助我們學(xué)會(huì)用英語(yǔ)思考的建議。【16題詳解】空前“Thingswilljustbeeasierandfasterifyoudon’ttranslatesomuch.(如果你不翻譯那么多，事情會(huì)變得更簡(jiǎn)單更快)”講述在用英語(yǔ)思考時(shí)，不要過(guò)多翻譯，空后“That’sveryunrealistic,particularlyifit’snottheonlylanguageyouspeak.(這是非常不現(xiàn)實(shí)的，特別是如果這不是你唯一會(huì)說(shuō)的語(yǔ)言)”強(qiáng)調(diào)該空的做法不現(xiàn)實(shí)，所以G選項(xiàng)“Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetobethinkinginEnglishallthetime.(這并不意味著你必須一直用英語(yǔ)思考)”符合題意，承上啟下，選項(xiàng)中的“thinkinginEnglishallthetime”呼應(yīng)前文的“don’ttranslatesomuch”，后文進(jìn)一步解釋一直用英語(yǔ)思考這件事不現(xiàn)實(shí)。故選G。【17題詳解】由后面段落的結(jié)構(gòu)和位置可知，該空是本段的主旨句，且是祈使句結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)空后“Nowadays,mostpeoplelookattheirphonesorcomputersconstantly.IfyouchangethelanguagetoEnglish,notonlywillyoupossiblylearnsomenewvocabulary,butEnglishwillbecomeabiggerpartofyourdailylife.Besides,thinkabouttheappsthatyouusefrequentlyandchangethelanguagesettings.(如今，大多數(shù)人經(jīng)?？此麄兊氖謾C(jī)或電腦。如果你把語(yǔ)言換成英語(yǔ)，你不僅可能會(huì)學(xué)到一些新詞匯，而且英語(yǔ)將成為你日常生活中更大的一部分。此外，考慮一下你經(jīng)常使用的應(yīng)用程序，并更改語(yǔ)言設(shè)置)”強(qiáng)調(diào)把平時(shí)用的手機(jī)或電腦中的語(yǔ)言改成英語(yǔ)，所以D選項(xiàng)“Changethelanguageofyourelectronicdevicesandapps.(改變你的電子設(shè)備和應(yīng)用程序的語(yǔ)言)”符合本段主題。故選D?！?8題詳解】空前“Ifyou’reabeginneroryou’refeelinglazyoryoudon’thavemuchenergy,youcanjustusesinglewords.(如果你是初學(xué)者，或者你覺(jué)得懶惰，或者你沒(méi)有太多精力，你可以只用單個(gè)單詞去表達(dá)英文)”強(qiáng)調(diào)用單詞去表達(dá)英語(yǔ)，C選項(xiàng)“However,itisbetterifyoucanusefullsentences.(然而，如果你能使用完整的句子就更好了)”承接上文，強(qiáng)調(diào)用完整的句子去表達(dá)英語(yǔ)會(huì)更好，和前一句形成對(duì)比。故選C?！?9題詳解】本段的主題是“Imaginesentencesyoumightuseinaconversation.(想象一下你在對(duì)話中可能用到的句子)”，所以本段都在圍繞imaginesentences這一主題。E選項(xiàng)“Trytopredictthetypesofconversationsthatyouwillhave.(試著預(yù)測(cè)你們將要進(jìn)行的對(duì)話類(lèi)型)”中的“predict”呼應(yīng)主題imagine；且承接下文，空后“Forexample,ifyou’verecentlyreachedanEnglish-speakingcountryandyou’llattendaparty,it’spossiblethatpeoplewillaskyouquestions,likewhereyou’refromorwhatyourplansare.(例如，如果你最近到了一個(gè)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的國(guó)家，你要參加一個(gè)聚會(huì)，人們可能會(huì)問(wèn)你問(wèn)題，比如你從哪里來(lái)，你的計(jì)劃是什么)”用具體的例子來(lái)解釋如何預(yù)測(cè)對(duì)話類(lèi)型。故選E?！?0題詳解】空前“Ifyouthinkthatwilltaketoomuchtime,anicealterativeisjustwritingdownpositivethings.(如果你認(rèn)為這將花費(fèi)太多時(shí)間，一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇是寫(xiě)下積極的事情)”作者建議如果覺(jué)得花費(fèi)太久，可以寫(xiě)下積極的事情，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“So,anythingthatmadeyouhappyorthatyouenjoyedisOK.(所以，任何讓你開(kāi)心或喜歡的事情都可以)”承接上文，選項(xiàng)中的“happy”和“enjoyed”呼應(yīng)前文所說(shuō)的“positivethings”。故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。“Howsickisshe,Tim?”WhenSandycametoherself,sheaskedherhusband.Then,sherecalledthesoundofthedoctor’swhispered“Oh,no”,butshehadbeentoo____21____todemandanexplanation.Sandywas____22____foraglimpseofhernewborndaughter,butasshe____23____thenurseryentrance,she____24____,fightingpanic.Thereintheboxlayatinybabygirlattachedtolotsoftubes.“Hydrocephalus(腦積水).Yourbabyhasthe____25____caseI’veeverseen.”Adoctorspoketothem.“Shewillhavea____26____chanceofsurvival.Andevenifwegivehera(n)____27____,shewillalsobelikelytodieofbraininfectionafterthesurgery.”Gently,Sandystrokedthebaby’sfist.Surprisingly,shegrabbedSandy’sfinger.ImmediatelySandyfeltsomething____28____herheart:thispitifulbaby____29____toher.“It’slikeshe’saskingmetofightforher.I____30____tobelievethatthere’sno____31____formydaughter,”shesaid.“Iwanttheoperationdone.”O(jiān)utsidetheoperatingroom,thecouplewaited____32____.Afterwhatseemedacentury,“Theoperationworkedoutwell”,finallycamethedoctor’svoice,which____33____thewholeworld.Aftersomanyyears,theeight-year-oldgirlstill____34____withsomehealthproblems,butshewasnolonger____35____.Thepreviousyear,shegaveSandyahand-drawnMother’sDaycardwithwords,“Iloveyourheart.”21.A.stressed B.weak C.angry D.confused22.A.prepared B.responsible C.desperate D.suitable23.A.searched B.left C.approached D.withdrew24.A.wandered B.relaxed C.continued D.trembled25.A.worst B.first C.best D.last26.A.slim B.good C.fair D.reasonable27.A.cure B.operation C.treatment D.check28.A.interrupt B.restrict C.disturb D.strike29.A.stuck B.attended C.belonged D.referred30.A.choose B.agree C.attempt D.refuse31.A.demand B.consequence C.challenge D.future32.A.excitedly B.cautiously C.anxiously D.patiently33.A.litup B.madeup C.knockedover D.tookover34.A.cooperated B.struggled C.competed D.toyed35.A.incrisis B.incharge C.inshock D.inneed【答案】21B22.C23.C24.D25.A26.A27.B28.D29.C30.D31.D32.C33.A34.B35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講的是Sandy的女兒剛出生時(shí)得了腦積水，醫(yī)生說(shuō)她生存的幾率很低，但是Sandy沒(méi)有放棄，選擇了讓女兒接受手術(shù)，她的女兒活了下來(lái)，雖然還是有健康問(wèn)題，但是不再有生命危險(xiǎn)。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，她想起了醫(yī)生低聲說(shuō)的“哦，不”，但她太虛弱了，無(wú)法要求解釋。A.stressed緊張的；B.weak虛弱的；C.angry生氣的；D.confused困惑的。根據(jù)上文“WhenSandycametoherself”可知，Sandy剛剛清醒過(guò)來(lái)，很虛弱。故選B。22題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Sandy迫切地想看一眼她剛出生的女兒，但當(dāng)她走近育兒室的入口時(shí)，她顫抖著，與恐慌作斗爭(zhēng)。A.prepared有準(zhǔn)備的；B.responsible負(fù)責(zé)任的；C.desperate迫切的；D.suitable合適的。根據(jù)下文“foraglimpseofhernewborndaughter”可知，Sandy迫切地想看一眼她剛出生的女兒。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Sandy迫切地想看一眼她剛出生的女兒，但當(dāng)她走近育兒室的入口時(shí)，她顫抖著，與恐慌作斗爭(zhēng)。A.searched搜索；B.left離開(kāi)；C.approached靠近；D.withdrew撤離。根據(jù)下文“Thereintheboxlayatinybabygirlattachedtolotsoftubes”可知，她走近育兒室的入口，看見(jiàn)了女兒。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Sandy迫切地想看一眼她剛出生的女兒，但當(dāng)她走近育兒室的入口時(shí)，她顫抖著，與恐慌作斗爭(zhēng)。A.wandered徘徊；B.relaxed放松；C.continued繼續(xù)；D.trembled顫抖。根據(jù)下文“fightingpanic”可知，她顫抖著，與恐慌作斗爭(zhēng)。故選D。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：你的孩子的病情是我見(jiàn)過(guò)的最嚴(yán)重的。A.worst最嚴(yán)重的；B.first第一的；C.best最好的；D.last最后的。根據(jù)下文“Shewillhavea____6____chanceofsurvival.Andevenifwegivehera(n)____7____,shewillalsobelikelytodieofbraininfectionafterthesurgery”可知，醫(yī)生的意思是這個(gè)孩子的病情是他見(jiàn)過(guò)的最嚴(yán)重的。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她活下來(lái)的機(jī)會(huì)很小。A.slim微小的；B.good好的；C.fair公平的；D.reasonable合理的。根據(jù)下文“evenifwegivehera(n)____7____,shewillalsobelikelytodieofbraininfectionafterthesurgery”可知，她活下來(lái)的機(jī)會(huì)很小。故選A。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：即使我們給她做手術(shù)，術(shù)后她也很可能死于腦感染。A.cure療法；B.operation手術(shù)；C.trea