國開電大本科《人文英語4》機(jī)考第三大題閱讀選擇題庫

國開電大本科《人文英語4》機(jī)考題庫

第三丈您回禳理解送弄題說明：資料整理于2023年2月，適用于2023年2月底3月初期末機(jī)考考試。AoiALTERNATIVELEGALBILLING-WINSTRATEGIESHourlybillingisthebestwaytobechargedforlegalservices.About95percentoflawyersstillperformtheirlegalworkonanhourlybasis.Ifyouwantsomethingbetterthantheoldbillbythehourdeal,trypresentingoneofthesebillingstructures.PROJECTBILLINGFORROUTINEISSUESIfyourlegalneedsincludelargebutrepetitivetasks,consideraflat-feeapproach.Onceyougetaprojectbillingestimate,don'thesitatetoshoparoundtocomparepricesandserviceswithotherlawfirms.Afirmmayprovideabetterdealifitexpectsfutureworkfromyourcompany.RESULTS-ORIENTEDOPTIONSPay-according-to-succcssisonechoice.ltconsidersfeesbasedontheoutcomeoftheeaseandtheperformanceofyourcounsel.Contingencyfeesturnthematterintoasharedriskorsharedencouragement,makingthelawfirmyourbusinesspartner,notjustrepresentation.MULTI-LAYEREDTASKSIfyou'reshoppingfbrafirmforactuallegalworkinvolvinganumberoflegalspecialties,considerusingblendedhourlyfees.Thefirmcalculatesinadvanceanaverageratebasedontheanticipatedtimeeachlawyerspendsonthematter.Thisarrangementhelpstheclienttoavoidpayingaseniorpartner'shourlyrateforresearchthatshouldbeconductedbyajuniorassociate.LegalInsuranceThecontractfeeallowstheclienttopickupthephoneandtalktothelawyerwithoutneedingtoeyetheclock.Thisapproachworkslikealegalinsurancepolicy.ltencouragescompaniestocontacttheircounselonnon-litigation,non-crisismatters,andtosavemoneyinthelongrunbyengaginginmorepreventivelegalaction.1.isthebestwaytobechargedforlegalservices.A.Results-orientedbillingB.HourlybillingC.Flat-feebilling［答案］B.Aflat-feeapproach.A.issuitableforrepetitivetasksB.isuselessC.isthebestchoice.［答案］A.makethelawfirmshareyourriskandencouragement.A.ContractfeesB.BlendedhourlyfeesC.Contingencyfees［答案］C.Legalworkinvolvinganumberoflegalspecialtiesshouldconsiderusing.A.blendedhourlyfeesB.insurancefeesC.hourlyfees［答案］A.Youhavetoeyetheclockwhenyoutalktothelawyerwhenyouchoose.A.legal“Insurance”MoiMaggieWalkerwasbornin1867inRichmond,Virginia.Hermotherwasonceaslaveinarichwoman'shouse.WhenMaggiewasveryyoung,athiefkilledherfather.Herfamilywasimpoverished,soMaggie'smotherstarteddoinglaundryinherhome.Maggiehadtohelpher.Shewashedclotheseveryday,butshecontinuedtogotoschooLShewasaverygoodstudent,especiallyinmath.AfterMaggiegraduatedfromhighschool,shegotajobasateacher.In1886,shemarriedArmisteadWalker.TheyhadtwosonsandMaggiestayedhometocareforthem.ShealsovolunteeredtohelpasocialorganizationcalledtheOrderofSt.Luke.ThisorganizationhelpedAfricanAmericanstakecareofthesickandburythedead.MaggieWalkerlovedtheworkoftheorganization.TheorganizationbelievedthatAfricanAmericansshouldtakecareofeachother.Overtheyears,MaggieWalkerhadmoreandmoreresponsibilitieswiththeorganization.In1895,shesuggestedthatSt.Lukebeginaprogramforyoungpeople.Thisprogrambecameverypopularwithschoolchildren.In1899,WalkbecameGrandSecretaryTreasureroftheSt.Lukeorganization.Howevenbecauseshewasawoman,shereceivedlessthanhalfthesalaryofthemanwhohadthejobbeforeher.TheOrderofSt.LukehadalotoffinancialdifficultieswhenWalkertookover.lthadalotofunpaidbillsandonly$31.61inthebank.ButsoonMaggieWalkerchangedallofthat.HerideawastogetnewmemberstojointheOrganization.Injustafewyears,itgrewfrom3,400membersto50,000members.Theorganizationboughta$100,000officebuildingandincreaseditsstaffto55.NowWalkerwasreadyforhernextbigstep.1.Maggie'sfatherdied.A.whenshefinishedhighschoolB.beforeshewasbornC.whenshewasveryyoung［答案］C.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?A.Maggiehadtwochildren.B.Maggiewasonceaslave.C.Maggiewasgoodatmath.［答案］B.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.MaggielovedtohelpotherAfricanAmericans.B.Maggiewasverypopularwithschoolteachers.C.MaggiewasthefounderoftheOrderofSt.Luke.［答案］A.ThewordimpoverishedinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto.A.difficultB.richC.poor［答案］C.AfterParagraph4,theauthorwillprobablytalkaboutMaggie's.A.educationB.nextprojectC.pay［答案］B

PoiPoiPeoplesaythatPoiPeoplesaythatmoneycannotbuyhappiness.ThiswastrueforHowardHughes.HewasPoiPeoplesaythatHowardHugheswasbomin1905inHouston,Texas.HisfatherstartedtheHughesToolCompany.Hewasaworkaholic（工作狂）andmadealotofmoney.Heboughteverythinghewanted.HeevengavemoneytoschoolssoHowardcouldgetintothem.Fromhisfather,Howardlearnedtobeasuccessfulbutmercilessbusinessman.Hughes'smother,Allenealsohadabiginfluenceonhislife.Howardwasheronlychild.Sheprotectedhimandgavehimeverything.UnfortunatelyAllenehadmentalproblems.Shewasafraidofgermsanddiseases.ShewasobsessedwithHoward'shealth,andhebecameobsessedwithittoo.AllenediedwhenHowardwas16yearsold.Twoyearslaterhisfatherdied.HughesinheritedtheHughesToolCompany.ThenhemarriedEllaRice.HeandEllamovedtoLosAngeles,California.ltwastherethatHowardHughesbegantobecomealegend（傳奇人物）.Hughesbegantoinvesthismoneyinmovies.HebecameanimportantproducersoonafterhemovedtoCalifornia.Heworkedhard,buthealsoplayedhard.HebecameobsessedwithpowerandcontrolWhenhecouldn'lgetsomethinglegally,hegavemoneypoliticiansandbusinessmensotheywouldhelphim.Heownedalotofbusinesses,includingairplanecompanies,amoviesludio（制片廠）,LasVegashotels,goldandsilvermines,andradioandtelevisionstations.Onceheboughtatelevisionstudiosohecouldwatchmoviesallnight.Healsoboughtahotelbecausehewantedtostayinhisfavoriteroomforoneweekend..Accordingtothepassage,HowardHugheswasnot.A.good-lookingB.wealthyC.friendly［答案］C.WhichofthefollowingaboutHughes*fatherisNOTTRUE?A.HestartedtheHughesToolCompany.B.Hedrankalcoholalot.C.Heworkedhard.［答案］B.HowardHughes'parentsdied.A.whenhewas16yearsoldbeforehewas19yearsoldC.afterhegotmarried［答案］B.ThewordobsessedinParagraph2probablymeans.A.troubledB.reducedC.related［答案］A.Fromthepassage,welearnwhatMr.Hugheslackedinhislifewas.A.educationB.lovcC.money［答案］BRoiRespondent:BinhaiPeople'sHospitalAddress:No7,BinhaiRoad,BinhaiCityThefollowinganswerisgiventoZhangHua'sclaimforpersonal-injurycompensationbytheBinhaiPeople'sHospital:I.TherespondentdocsnothaveadirectcontractualrelationshipwithZhangHua.ZhangHuahadanoralcontracttoremovethehigh-voltagemetercabinetwithBinhaiNo.2ConstructionInstallationCompanyonJune10,2008.HewasassignedbyBinhaiNo.2ConstructionandInstallationCompanyandthereforehasnodirectcontractualrelationshipwiththerespondent.2.BinhaiNo.2ConstructionandInstallationCompanyshouldberesponsibleforcompensatingZhangHuaforthefollowingreasons.Firstly,accordingtoPRClawsandrelevantjudicialinterpretations,BinhaiNo.2ConstructionandInstallationCompanyshallberesponsibleforanyinjuryemployeessufferedinthecontractperformance.Secondly,ZhangHuaseriouslyviolatedtheoperationalprocedureinremovingthehigh-voltagemetercabinetandfailedtopaydueattentionthereto.3.TherespondentshallnotberesponsibleforcompensatingtheinjuriesofZhangHua.AccordingtotheGeneralPrinciplesoftheCivilLaw,anypersonengagedinhighlydangerousoperationsshallberesponsibleforcompensation.Inthiscase,therespondententeredintoacontractwithBinhaiNo.2ConstructionandInstallationCompany,wherebythesourceofhighdangershiftedtoBinhaiNo.2ConstructionandInstallationCompany.BinhaiNo.2ConstructionandInstallationCompanybecamethesubjectofthedangerousopcration,andthereforeanydamagescausedinthecontractperformancebyBinhaiNo.2ConstructionandInstallationCompanyhavenoconnectionwiththerespondent.Therefore,BinhaiPeople'sHospitalisnotliableforcompensatingZhangHua.Weherebyrequestthecourttorejecttheplaintiffsactionaccordingtolaw.To:BinhaiCityIntermediatePeople'sCourtRespondent:BinhaiPeople'sCourtDate:May10th,2011.Accordingtotheplaintiff,shouldberesponsibleforcompensatingZhangHua.A.BinhaiPeople'sHospital.BinhaiNo.2ConstructionandInstallationCompanyC.BinhaiCityIntermediatePeople'sCourt［答案］A.ZhangHuahadanoralcontractwith.A.2ConstructionandInstallationCompanies.BinhaiNo.2ConstructionandInstallationCompanyC.BinhaiCityIntermediatePeople'sCourt［答案］B.TherespondentstatedreasonstorejectZhangHua'sclaim.A.lB.2C.3［答案］C.ZhangHuahimselfbearsomeresponsibilities.A.shouldB.shouldn'tC.mustn't［答案］A

.wasquotedbytherespondent.A.thePRCGeneralCivilLawB.thcPRCCivilProceduralLawSoiSinceitsfoundinginC.GeneralPrinciplesoftheCivilLaw［答案］C1948,McDonald'shasgrownfromafamilyburger（漢堡包）SoiSinceitsfoundinginWith58milliondailycustomersworldwide,McDonald'sisnowsoubiquitousaroundtheglobethatTheEconomistpublishesaglobalrankingofcurrencies1purchasingpowerbasedonthepriceschargedatthelocalMcDonald's,calledtheBigMacIndex（巨無霸指數(shù)）.That'snottosaythateverynationcarriesthesamemenuitems:choicesvarywidelydependingonlocation.SomeAsianlocationsservefriedshrimpinaBigMacroll,whileMcDonald'sinIndiadoesn'tservebeefatall,relyinginsteadonburgersmadefromvegetables,riceandbeans.NoteveryoneintheworldhasbeenhappytogreetRonaldMcDonaldwhenhemovestotown.ManyseeMcDonald（sasasymbolofAmericaneconomicandculturalchauvinism（沙文主義）,andEuropeannationsinparticularhaveviewedAmerican-slylefastfoodasaninsulttotheirnationalfood.AFrenchfarmer,JoseBove,becamesomethingofanationalheroin1999afterheandagroupofpeopledestroyedaMcDonald'sunderconstructiontoprotestglobalizationandbadfood.Thenextyear,abombexplodedinaFrenchMcDonald's,killinga27-year-oldemployee.Nooneclaimedresponsibility.Butregardlessofwhetheryouliketheirfoodortheirpolicies,McDonald'sisstillwidelyseenasoneofthetruepioneersofpeacefulglobalization..Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?A.McDonald'swasfoundedin1948.B.McDonald'shasopeneditsrestaurantsineverycityoftheworld.C.McDonald'shasover30,00（）locationsintheworldnow.［答案］B.ThewordubiquitousinParagraph2ismostlikelytomean.A.verycrowdedB.vcrycleanC.existingeverywhere［答案］C.FromParagraph2,wecanconcludethat.A.McDonald'sdesignsitsmenutosuitthelocalpeopleB.millionsofyoungadultsgottheirfirstjobwithMcDonald'sC.theMcDonald'smenustickstoold-fashionedfavoritessuchastheBigMac［答案］A.WhatdidJoseBoveandhispeopledoin1999toprotestagainstMcDonald's?A.TheydestroyedaMcDonald'sunderconstruction.B.TheyprotestedoutsideaMcDonald's.C.Theyrefusedtogotoanewly-builtMcDonald's.［答案］An,anemployeediedinafatalbombattackonaMcDonald'srestaurantinFrance.A.1998B.1999C.2000

［答案［答案］C［答案］CToiThecelebrationofInternationalWomen'sDay(IWD)in2011wasspecialasitmarkedthe100thanniversaryofIWD.TheUnitedNations［答案］CToiThecelebrationAsabasichumanright,educationisakeydriverofeconomicgrowthandsocialchangeandthebasisofwomen'sempowerment.Theglobaleconomyisincreasinglyknowledge-driven,andrequiresaneducatedworkforceabletoapplytheexistingtechnologyandtodevelopnewscienceandtechnologiestocombatpovertyandadapttoemergingissues.Aseducationisthekeytogreaterempowermentforwomen,investinginwomenandgirlsthroughtheeducationsectorhasthereforeapositiveeffectonthewell-beingoftheirfamilies,theircommunitiesandnations.Strengtheningthebridgesbetweeneducation,training,scienceandtechnologyandthelabormarketisimportantinordertopromoteequalopportunitytodecentemploymentforwomen.21.2011InternationalWomen'sDay(IWD)wasspecialbecause.A.itisthebeginningofwomen'sequality.B.itisiOOthanniversary.C.womengottoomuchrightsinthatday［答案］B22.isakeyfactorofeconomicgrowthandsocialchangeandthewomen'sempowerment.A.EqualityB.FamilyresponsibilityC.Education［答案］C.Whichofthefollowingisnotsufferedbywomeninsocietynowadays?A.povertyB.unemploymentC.familyburden［答案］C.WhichoneisNOTmentionedinrelationto44cducationequality”？A.pathwaytodecentworkforwomenB.developmentofnewscienceC.women'sempowerment.［答案］B.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.CreatingEqualAccesstoEducationB.InternationalWomen'sDayC.HumanRights［答案］AWoiWhenBilldeBlasioranforNewYorkCitymayorlastyear,hepromisedtoendaconlroversial(有爭議的),cilywidecell-phoneban(禁令)inpublicschools,whichisnotequallyenforcedinallWoiWhenBilldeManyschoolshavearuleaboutenforcingthebanthatsays,“Ifwedon'tseeit,wedon'tknowaboutit."ThatmeansteachersarcOKwithstudentsbringingincellphones,aslongastheystayoutofsightandinsidebagsandpockets.Butatthe88cityschoolswithmetaldetectors,diebanhasbeenstrictlyenforced.Thedetectorswereinstalledtokeepweaponoutofschools,butthescanners（掃描器）canalsodetectcellphones.Sostudentsattheseschoolsmustleavetheirphonesathomeorpaysomeonetostoreitforthem.Thebanwasputintoplacein2007undermayorMichaelBloomberg.Endingthebanwillalsolikelyendanindustrythathassprungupneardozensoftheschoolsthatenforcetheban.Workersinvans（廂式貨車）thatresemblefoodtracksstoreteens1cellphonesandOtherdevicesforadollaraday,Criticsofthebansaycellphonesareimportantsafetydevicesforkidsduringanemergency.Theyalsosaythatenforcementofthebanisunevenanddiscriminatory.Wherethebanisenforced,itputsadisadvantageonstudentswhocan'taffordtopaytostoretheirphones.Beforeputtinganofficialendtothecell-phoneban,cityeducationofficialsareworkingoncreatinganewpolicy.ltwillincluderulesaboutnotusingthephonesduringclassortocheatontests.1.Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthepassage?A.NewYorkCitywillgivefinancialaidtopoorstudents.B.NewYorkCityplanstorestrictcellphoneuseinlibraries.C.NewYorkCitywillsoonendabanoncellphonesinschools.［答案］C2.Studentspayadaytoleavetheircellphonesinavanparkedneartheirschool.\A.adollarB.twodollarsC.fivedollars［答案］A.Metaldetectorswereinstalledin88cityschools,mainlytokeepoutofschools.A.ccllphonesB.weaponsC.drugs［答案］B.TheworddiscriminatoryinParagraph5probablymeans.A.necessaryB.toughC.unfair［答案］C.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Afterthecell-phonebanisended,studentscanusetheirphonesduringclass.B.Thecell-phonebanisequallyenforcedinallpublicschools.C.Aphone-storageindustryhasappearedoutsidethe88metal-detectorcampuses.［答案］CB.thcold"billbythehouf,dealC.aflat-feeapproach侍案］BBOIBabieSwhoarebreast-fedmaybemorelikelytobesuccessfulinlife,anewstudypublishedTuesdaysuggests.Thestudyfollowedmorethan3,000babiesintoadulthoodinBraziLTheresearchersfoundthosewhowerebreast-fedscoredslightlyhigherinintelligencetestsintheir30s,stayedinschoollongerandearnedmoremoneythanthosewhoweregivenformula（ft!方力5粉）.Breast-feedingnotonlyhasshort-termbenefits,butalsobreast-feedinghaslong-termbenefits,saysBernardoLessaHortaoftheFederalUniversityofPelotasinBrazil,wholedthestudybeingpublishedinTheLancetGlobalHealth.Doctorshavelongknownthatbreast-feedingcanbegoodforababy'shealth.Thisisespeciallytrueinpoorcountries,wherewalercanbeconlaminated.Forinstance,ababygivenformulaindevelopingcountriesis14timesmorelikelytodieinthefirstsixmonthsthanonewho'sbreast-fed.IntheU.S.,someresearchhassuggestedthatbreast-feedingmayraiseababy'sIQ（智商）byafewpoints.Butarecentstudywilhsiblings（兄弟姐妹）foundlittleadvantagetobreast-feeding.Hortasaysthesepreviousstudiesdidn'tfollowchildrenintoadulthoodtoseeifbreast-feedinghadlong-termeffects.SoHortaanalyzeddatacollectedfrom3,493volunteersheandhiscolleagueshavebeenfollowingsincebirth.Theyarenowintheir30s.First,theresearchersgavethesubjectsIQtests.Thosewhowerebreast-fedfor12monthsormorehadIQtestscoresthatwere3.76pointshigherthanthosewhowerebreast-fedforlessthanonemonth,theteamfound.WhenHortaandhiscolleagueslookedathowmucheducationthesubjectshadgottenandhowmuchmoneytheyweremaking,theyalsofoundacleardifference:Thosewhowerebreast-fedthelongeststayedinschoolforaboutanextrayearandhadmonthlysalariesthatwereaboutathirdhigher..Fromthepassage,welearnthatHorta.A.isfromBrazilB.conductshisresearchintheU.S.C.has30researchersonhisteam［答案］A.Whichofthefollowingaboutthosewhowerebreast-fedisNOTmentioned?A.TheystayedlongerinschoolB.TheywerehappierC.Theyweresmarter［答案］B.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Doctorsdon'tunderstandthebenefitsofbreast-feeding.B.Hortaisconcernedwithwatercontaminationinpoorcountries.C.Horta'sresearchprojectlastedabout3（）years［答案］C.ThewordcontaminatedinParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto.A.finishedB.interestedC.polluted［答案］C5.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?A.ResearchersHavePointedOuttheDisadvantagesofBreast-feedingB.ResearchersHaveFoundOuttheShortcomingsofFormulaC.Breast-feedingImprovesChancesofSuccess［答案］CCoiCharityis3conceptwhichdatesbacktoBiblicallimes,whenhelpingthepoorwassomethingCoiCharityisModern-daysocialworkdealsnotonlywithpovertyandthesubsequentproblems,butalsowiththeproblemsarisingfromvarioustypesof4socialfeaf'C'socialphobias*')anddiscriminationsuchassexism,racism,anddiscriminationagainstanindividualduetohisage,ormentalorphysicaldisabilities.Socialworkersdealwiththeconsequencesofthesediscriminationsaswellasconsequencesthatarisefromsexualabuse,drugabuse,andvariousotherproblems.Socialworkprovidesanimportantservicetosociety.Individualsandfamiliesinneedofhelparethefocusofit,andarereferredtoasclients.Socialworkershelpclientslivenproductivelifeintheirowncommunity.Inordertoreachthisgoal,theyoftenenlisttheassistanceoffamilymembers,relatives,localreligiousleaders,andotherinfluentialmembersofthecommunity.Althoughinstitutionalizationmaybenecessaryattimes,itisatemporarysolution.Socialworkersusuallyserveinthefrontline,andreachouttotheclientssoonafterproblemsoccur.Thegoalistohelpclientsreturntonormallifeinanaturalsetting..Thecharityoriginallymeansto.A.helpthepoorthatmakestherichfeelgood.B.helpclientsreturntonormallife.C.servethewholesociety.俗案］A.Whendoessocialworkbegin?A.aroundthetimeoftheindustrialrevolutionB.InBiblicaltimesC.Inmoderntime［答案］A.Modern-daysocialworkdealswiththefollowingproblemsexcept?A.povertyB.racismC.education［答案］C24.1nordertohelpclientsliveaproductivelife,socialworkerscanturntotheassistanceof.A.governmentB.familymembersC.businessmen［答案］B25.WhichstatementaboutsocialworkisNOTTrue?A.Socialworkrootsfromcharity.B.Socialworkdealsnotonlywithpovertyandthesubsequentproblems,butalsowithvarioussocialfearanddiscrimination.C.Socialworkisthattherichpeoplewanttohelpthepoorpeople.［答案］C

EoiEoiEducators,parents,EoiEducators,parents,studentsandcommunitymembersinMiami-DadeandBrowardEoiEducators,parents,Educators,parentsandcommunitymembersareworkingtogethertoprovideallstudentswiththeopportunitytoattendqualitypublicschools.Equalaccesstoapubliceducationisarightthatshouldbeaffordedtoallstudents.Wecannotexpectourstudentstosucceediftheydonothavetherighttoolstodoso.I'vebeenworkingasateacherandlawyerformanyyears,soIknowfirsthandtheobstaclesteachersandstudentsfaceeveryday.Thereisnosimplesolutionforourpublicschools'challenges,butonethingisforsure:Wemustallworktogetherinordertobetterourschools.Thereisnotimetowastebecausethefutureofschoolsandstudentsisontheline.Wemustallgetinvolvednow.Educatorsneedproperteachingresourcesinorderforstudentstoachieve.Justlikeinothercareers,educatorsshouldreceiveampleopportunitiesforprofessionaldevelopment.SouthFloridateachersandsupportstaffaredoingthebesttheycan,butweneedeveryonetoactivelyparticipateintheeducationalprocess.Floridareceivestheleastamountoffundingforpubliceducationcomparedtonearlyallotherstates,butthatwillneverstopourdriveforsuccess.Westillhavehopeforourschoolsandstudentsbecausethenation'spubliceducationsystemmakesupthefoundationofourfuture,.Fromthepassage,wecanguesstheauthorisfrom.A.ChinaB.theUKC.theUS［答案］C.Educators,parentsandcommunitymembersareworkingtogetherinorderto.A.guaranteeallstudentswithopportunitiestoattendqualitypublicschoolsB.enhancethequalityofeducationC.supervisethepublicschools［答案］A.Whatdoes^obstacle^meaninparagraph3?A.somethingthatstandsinthewayB.somethingcoolC.somethingurgent［答案］A.Whatdoeducatorsneedforprofessionaldevelopment?A.Investment.B.Equality.C.Opportunity.［答案］C.Accordingtothepassage,isthereanysimplesolutionforthechallengestheyarefacing?A.Yes.B.No.C.NotGiven.［答案］B

loiloiImagineaschoolthatexpectedloiImagineaschoolthatexpectedloiImagineaschoolthatexpecteditsstudentstobecomeliterate（有讀寫能力的）withoutOfcoursetherewillalwaysbelearningbyosmosis（耳濡B染）inanyschooLbutasateacherandprimaryschoolheadIhavefoundthatachild'smoralliteracyisstrengthenedwhentheyacquirethebuildingblocksofgoodcharactersuchasconsideration,courageandhonor:qualitieswhicharecommonlyknownasvirtue（美德）.Ipersonallyfindthatexploringavirtueoveratwo-weekperiodprovidesasimpleandeffectiveprogramthatallowsforthecreativeinputofbothteacherandstudentandachanceforthevirtuetoembed（使融A）itself.Oncealessononavirtuesuchashonestyhasbeencompletedweneedtoallowtimeforchildrentopracticethisconceptjustaswouldbethecasewithfractionsorverbs.Allowingchildrentoroleplayasituationsuchasmakingupexcusestocoveramistakecanbeenormouslyinteresting,andthedramacanbefrozenallowingthecharacterstobequestionedabouttheirfeelingsandmotives.Itsalsoasafewayforchildrentoexperienceforthemselveshowalieusuallygoesoutofcontrol.Ourroleaseducatorsisalsotolookforopportunitiestohelpourstudentsastheyattempttostrengthentheircharacters.Whensomethinggoeswrongweguidetheyoungpersontothevirtuethatwillpreventitfromhappeningagain.Forinstance,whenamstudentthoughtlesslydisturbsthecalmatmosphereofthelibraryjnsteadofaresponsesuchas,“thatwasreallydisrespectfulandselfishofyou!”wedrawoutfromthemtherequiredvirtue:"Whenyou'rewalkingthroughthelibrary,whatvirtuesdoyouneedtouse?”.Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Teachingmoralsandvalueshasbeenafrequentlydiscussedtopicinthepastfewyears.B.Theauthorandhisstaffembedvirtuesintolessonsandschoollifetoencouragecharacterdevelopmentinchildren.C.Kidsthroughoutthepopulationfacethesameneeds,thesamechallenges,andthesamerealitiesintheirlives.［答案］B.Wecaninferfromthefirstparagraphthat.A.theretendstobedisagreementaboutwhatcharactereducationisB.mostparentsarenotsatisfiedwiththeteachingmethodsadoptedinschoolsC.theapproachtocharactereducationisgenerallyconsidereddifferentfromtheapproachestootherskills［答案］C.Thewordphilosophyinthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto.A.studyB.subjectC.viewpoint［答案］C.Theauthorisa.A.teacherB.librarianC.reporter［答案］A.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassageasawaytobuildcharacterinchildren?A.Storyreadingsanddiscussions.B.Osmosis.C.Takingeveryopportunitytoteachcharacter.［答案］A102Isthat6a.m?wokeoutgettinginthewayofgoodsleep?Don'tthinkyourfatcellswon'tnotice.AnewstudypublishedinTheAnnalsofInternalMedicine(amedicaljournal)findsthatinadequateshut-eyehasaharmfuleffectonfatcells,reducingtheirabilitytorespondtoinsulin(胰島素)byabout30percent.Overthelong-term,thisdecreasedresponsecouldsetthestagefortype-2diabetes(amedicalconditioninwhichsomeonehastoomuchsugarinhisorherblood),fattyliverdiseaseandweightgain.Thestudyaddstoagrowingbodyofevidencethatthere'anintimaterelationshipbetweentheamountofsleepwegetandourabilitytomaintainagood,healthybodyweight,sayssleepexpertHeleneEmsellemJirectoroftheCenterforSleepandWakeDisordersinChevyChase,Maryland.ButAmericansdon'tseemtobegettingthemessagethatweneedseventoninehoursparnight.Morethan1in5ofus,accordingtoareportfromtheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention'sgettingsixorfewerhoursofsleeppernight,onaverage.SohowdidresearchersstudyfatcellsintheAnnalspaper?MatthewBradyoftheUniversityofChicagoandagroupofcolleaguesselectedandpersuadedsevenvolunteerstotakepartintheresearchproject.Theywereallyoung,thinandhealthyandagreedtosleepforeightnightsinasleeplab.Forfournightstheywereallowedtostayinbedfor8.5hoursanight,saysBrady.Then,amonthlater,theycamebackforfouradditionalnights-butthistimetheywereallowedjust4.5hoursofsleeppernight.Andaftereachvisit,researchersgotasampleoftheirfat.Bradyexplainsthatthefatcellsrespondedsignificantlytothelossofsleep.Iwasverysurprisedtobehonest,hesays.Badthingscanhappenwhenfatcellsbecomelessresponsivetoinsulin.Fatcellsareactuallyyourfriend,hesays.They'retheretostorelipids(血脂).Whenlipidsstayinsidethecells,yourbodycanutilizethefatwhenyou'reexercisingorsleepingorgoingaboutyourday.However,whenfatcellsstaretobecomeinsulinresistant,thelipidsstartoleachoutofthefatcellsandriseinthebloodstream,Bradysays..Accordingtothepassagejack