德陽(yáng)市2023高考英語(yǔ)二輪短文類訓(xùn)練（17） 及答案或解析

第頁(yè)德陽(yáng)市2023高考英語(yǔ)二輪短文類訓(xùn)練〔17〕及答案或解析【黃岡中學(xué)期中測(cè)試】DoomedbeautiessuchasCleopataandManilynMonroewerefarfromaloneintheirmisery.Veryattractivepeopletendtoformpartnershipsthatarelessstableandsatisfyingthanthoseenjoyedbyplain_Janes.AccordingtotheresearchbyDrJohnBlaineoftheUniversityofBlainesaidthebeautifulfeltdifferentfromchildren.Theyaretreatedasspecial,whichmaycreatebotharrogance(傲慢)andinsecurity.Alltoooften,beautycanbeusedasanalternativetoeducation.Oftentheyarepushedoutoftheirclassortown,toldtogooffandmaketheirfortuneinHollywoodorLondonand,whenthemajorityfail,theyhavefewtalentstomakealiving.Blaineaddedthatbeautifulpeoplescorepoorlyonthe“bigfive〞—thekeyfactorsAmericanexpertsconsiderwhenhelpingdistressedcouples.Theseareneuroticism(神經(jīng)過(guò)敏)，includingangerandanxiety;extroversion(性格外向)；opennesstonewexperiences;agreeableness;conscientiousness,andstickingbyagreementstheyhavemade.Attractivepeopleoftenseenoreasontotrytochangeuntiltheirlooksstarttofade.KristaSutherlanf,oftheUniversityofCaliforniaLosAngeles,saidpartnershipsthatappearedtobeperfectfromtheoutside,suchastheformer“dreamteams〞ofNicoleKidmanandTomCruiseorHughGrantandElizabethHurley,wherebackgroundsandaspirations(抱負(fù))areoftenshared，didnotnecessarilyleadtohappiness.1．Whatcanweinferfromthefirstsentenceofthepassage?A．Beautifulwomenalwaysfeltlonely.B．Beautifulwomenwerealwaysalone.C．Manybeautifulwomendidn’tendupwithahappylife.D．Beautifulwomenalwayslivedahappylife.2．Theunderlinedphrase“plainJanes〞inthepassagerefersto“________〞．A．ordinarylookingwomenB．womencalledJaneC．commonpeopleD．a(chǎn)ttractivewomen3．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A．HughGrantandElizabethHurleywereacoupleB．NicoleKidmanandTomCruisewereverysatisfiedwiththeirlifeC．whentheyfailinHollywood,thebeautifulhavelittletroubleinmakingalivingD．themarriageofthebeautifuloftenlastslong4．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitle?A．FivekeyfactorsaffectingthepartnershipB．BeautiesaredoomedtofailinloveC．Beautifulorcommon?D．Thebeautiesaredifferent【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為議論文，作者論證了這樣一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)：美女并不幸福。1.答案C解析：考查推理判斷。第一段說(shuō)漂亮的人，其partnership往往不如普通人的穩(wěn)定和讓人滿意，由此判斷，文章開(kāi)頭說(shuō)“克萊奧帕特拉和瑪麗蓮?夢(mèng)露等美女的悲慘命運(yùn)絕非個(gè)例〞意在說(shuō)明“很多美女的生活都不幸福〞。2.答案A解析：考查詞義猜想題。從語(yǔ)境看，畫線局部的plainJanes指與前面提到的美女相對(duì)的、相貌平常的女性，因此選A。3.答案A解析：考查推理判斷。最后一段說(shuō)，外界看上去很完美的關(guān)系，比方……未必最終有幸福的結(jié)局。再結(jié)合上文論述可判斷HughGrant和ElizabethHurley是夫妻關(guān)系，應(yīng)選A，其他選項(xiàng)都與文章內(nèi)容不符。4.答案B解析：考查主旨大意。文章主要論述了美女命運(yùn)多舛的觀點(diǎn)，并分析了其中的原因，故B項(xiàng)最適合為本文標(biāo)題。****************************************************結(jié)束完形填空—記敘文Ayoungmanwasgettingreadytograduatefromcollege.Hehadwantedabeautiful1inadealer'sshowroom,andknowinghisfathercouldwell2it,hetoldhimthatwasallhewanted.AsGraduationDaycamenear,theyoungmanexpectedjthathisfatherhadboughtthegift.4,onthemorningofhisgraduation,hisfathercalledhimintohisown5.Hisfathertoldhimhowproudhewastohavesuchafineson,andtoldhimhowmuchhelovedhim.He6hissonabeautifullywrappedgiftbox.Curious,andsomewhat7,theyoungmanopenedtheboxandfoundalovelyleather-boundBihle(圣經(jīng)),withtheyoungman'snamewritteningold.Angry,he8hisvoicetohisfather,andsaid,"WithallyourmoneyyougivemeaBible'?"and9outofthehouse.Manyyearspassedandtheyoungmanwasvery10inbusiness.Hehadabeautifulhomeandwonderfulfamily,but11hisfatherwasveryold,andthoughtperhapsheshouldgotoseehim.12hecouldmakearrangements,hereceivedatelegram13himhisfatherhadpassedawayandwilledallofhis14tohisson.Whenhearrivedathisfather's,suddensadnessandregret15bisheart.Hebeganto16hisfather'simportantpapersandsawthestillgift-wrappedBible,justashehad17ityearsago.Withtears,heopenedtheBibleandbegantoturnthepages.Hisfatherhadcarefully18averse(詩(shī)),Matthew7-11,"Andifyou,beingevil,knowhowtogivegoodgiftstoyourchildren,howmuchmoreshallyourHeavenlyFatherwhichisinHeaven,givetothosewhoaskhim.'?"Ashereadthosewords,acarkey19fromthebackoftheBible.Ithadtag(標(biāo)簽)withthedealer'sname,thesamedealerwhohadthesportscarhehaddesired.Onthetagwasthe20ofhisgraduation,andthewords.PAIDINFUILL.1.A.computerB.bikeC.carD.recorder2.A.payB.buyC.supportD.afford3.A.signsB.factsC.marksD.results4.A.HoweverB.FinallyC.QuietlyD.Actually5.A.houseB.roomC.studyD.office6.A.gaveB.handedC.showedD.presented7.A.excitedB.nervousC.interestedD.disappointed8.A.raisedB.changedC.improvedD.increased9.A.ranB.wentC.walkedD.stormed10.A.busyB.successfulC.comfortableD.happy11.A.rememberedB.realizedC.knewD.considered12.A.WhenB.AsC.AfterD.Before13.A.informingB.announcingC.tellingD.discovering14.A.treasuresB.possessionsC.wealthsD.eagerness15.A.filledB.caughtC.attackedD.beat16.A.pickupB.remindofC.searchthroughD.referto17.A.seenB.gotC.leftD.thrown18.A.madeB.writtenC.underlinedD.designed19.A.droppedB.appearedC.rolledD.showed20.A.yearB.dateC.momentD.day答案：1．C解析：此題難度不大，但很好地表達(dá)了完形填空的一個(gè)顯著特征，即通過(guò)上下文來(lái)理解文章，最后一段才告訴我們答案。2．D解析：依照兒子的想法，以父親的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力，完全可以付得起他所要求買的東西。pay后接錢數(shù)，buy表達(dá)不出兒子的心情，afford付得起。3．A解析：此題難度較大，sign表示“跡象，顯示〞，即隨著畢業(yè)日子的來(lái)臨，兒子期待能看到有關(guān)父親準(zhǔn)備禮物的跡象。易誤選D。4．B解析：此題考生易誤選A.這就犯了完形填空中的一個(gè)超前理解的錯(cuò)誤，沒(méi)有用事件開(kāi)展的邏輯順序來(lái)解題，即此處年輕人還不知道最后結(jié)果到底是什么，如假設(shè)用however，那么表示提前明白了最后的結(jié)果，不符合文章的文意。finally那么表示好不容易才等來(lái)了這一天。5．C解析：此題只能以最正確答案來(lái)衡量，另外，study作為名詞，意為“書房〞，這一點(diǎn)考生必須清楚。6．B解析：此題屬于最正確選擇題，用hand表示的更加具體、形象。7．D解析：難度較大，因?yàn)樯衔囊呀?jīng)告訴我們父親給的是一個(gè)包裝好的盒子，與兒子一開(kāi)始想象的送給他所希望得到的禮物有點(diǎn)出入，所以多少有些失望，但又不乏好奇。注意空格前的somewhat．8．A解析：此處表示兒子的一種生氣，甚至是憤怒之情，所以是提高聲調(diào)。change可以表示聲音的改變，但無(wú)法表達(dá)出什么樣的變化，improve完善，提高、與句意不符，increase主要表示在數(shù)量、尺寸、大小等上的提高。9．D解析：此處一定要深刻理解兒子看到禮物后的心情，特別是心理的落差，從而去選定答案。A選項(xiàng)，好似也可表達(dá)此意，但程度不如storm．解題時(shí)，考生一定要對(duì)storm有個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)義理解，首先是同性的轉(zhuǎn)化，另外要考慮情景。10．B解析：此題可以使用反推法，從下一句中“abeautifulhomeandwonderfulfamily"可知他生意做的很成功。busy忙，但不一定成功；happy僅表示心情。11．B解析：此題易誤選D(考慮到)，主要受漢語(yǔ)影響。此處意為兒子猛然間意識(shí)到好多年沒(méi)與父親見(jiàn)面，父親歲數(shù)也很大了。12．D解析：還沒(méi)來(lái)得及做某事，某事就發(fā)生了。13．C解析：informsbofsth．通告某人某事。announce太正式，生硬。14．B解析：possession所有財(cái)產(chǎn)·，但不一定都是treasure(財(cái)寶)，而wealth最易被錯(cuò)選了，但它是一個(gè)不可數(shù)名詞。15．A解析：fillone'sheart充滿心間，溢滿心頭。選beat是受heartbeat的影響，beat表示心臟的跳動(dòng)。16．C解析：此處應(yīng)為翻看、瀏覽，用searchthrough，而pickup叩雖有整理之意，但不一定會(huì)看或翻閱。因?yàn)楹笪母嬖V了我們事件的開(kāi)展。17．D解析：當(dāng)年“我〞非常惱怒，甚至失去理智地猛地把書一扔，奪門而出。A項(xiàng)雖然含義對(duì)，但無(wú)法表達(dá)出此意。18．C解析：此詩(shī)并非父親所寫，因?yàn)樗?圣經(jīng)?里的內(nèi)容，父親只是用了其中的一句話來(lái)表達(dá)他的意思，即應(yīng)是在文章中用筆把它劃出來(lái)的內(nèi)容。19．A解析：此外表示車鑰匙從書中掉下來(lái)，由空格后的from我們可以得知選A.20．B解析：因?yàn)槭悄贻p人當(dāng)時(shí)畢業(yè)的時(shí)候想要這個(gè)禮物，所以填date比擬具體、準(zhǔn)確，而year時(shí)間太籠統(tǒng)，moment側(cè)重于某一時(shí)刻。**********************************************************************結(jié)束完型填空〔共20小題；每題1.5分，總分值30分〕閱讀下面短文，撐握其大意，然后從36—55各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)〔A、B、C和D〕中，選出最正確選項(xiàng)。“Longtimenosee〞isaveryinterestingsentence.WhenIfirstreadthissentencefromanAmericanfriend’semail,Ilaughed.Ithoughtitwasatypical16ofChinglish.Obviously,itisaword-by-wordliteral(字面上的)translationoftheChinesegreetingwitha17Englishgrammarandstructure!Lateron,myfriendtoldmethatitisastandardAmerican18.Iwastoodelightedtobelieveher.Herwordscouldnot19meatall.SoIdida20onGoogle.Com.Tomysurprise,thereareover60thousandwebpages21“Longtimenosee〞.Thissentencehasbeen22usedinemails,letters,newspapers,movies,oranyotherpossibleplace.Thoughitis23informal,itispartofthelanguagethatAmericansusedaily.24,ifyoutypethisphraseinMicrosoftWord,the25willtellyouthatthegrammarneedstobecorrected.Nobodyknowsthe26ofthisChinglishsentence.SomepeoplebelievethatitcamefromCharlieChan’smovies.In1930s,Hollywoodmoviemakerssuccessfully27aworldwidefamousChinesedetectivenamed“CharlieChan〞onwidescreens.DetectiveChanlikedtoteachAmericanssomeChinesewisdom28quoting(引用)Confucius.“Longtimenosee〞washistrademark.Soon“Longtimeonsee〞becamea29phraseinAmerica30thepopularityofthesemovies.Somepeople31Americatoahugepot(熔爐).Allkindsofcultureare32inthepottogether,andthey33thecolorandtasteofeachother.AmericanChinese,thoughaminorityethnicgroupintheUnitedStates,isalso34somechangestobe15inthemixedpot.16．A．example B．sign C．word D．change17．A．damaged B．perfected C．learned D．ruined18．A．custom B．greeting C．habit D．proverb19．A．persuade B．encourage C．convince D．believe20．A．job B．research C．survey D．search21．A．containing B．printing C．publishing D．expressing22．A．widely B．hardly C．seldom D．search23．A．lotsof B．plentyof C．lotsof D．sortof24．A．Unfortunately B．Luckily C．However D．Suddenly25．A．hardware B．software C．operator D．speaker26．A．use B．origin C．expression D．meaning27．A．created B．published C．did D．discovered28．A．by B．in C．with D．of29．A．ordinary B．rare C．modern D．popular30．A．because B．a(chǎn)sto C．thanksto D．butfor31．A．compare B．a(chǎn)dd C．join D．owe32．A．joined B．mixed C．compiled D．done33．A．improve B．change C．lower D．promote34．A．owing B．putting C．taking D．contributing35．A．influenced B．mentioned C．used D．considered參考答案ADBCDAADCBBAADCABBDA*****************************************************************結(jié)束完形填空典型例題IwasstudyingtheateratSouthemMethodistUniversityinDallasandfellinganxiousanduncertainaboutmyfuture.WillIbeableto1myself?Iwondered.Thatsummer,IdecidedtoseeifIcouldgetout2myown.TwogirlfriendsandIpiledintoacarand3toAspen,Colo.whereIfoundajobasamaidatahotel.Idon'tremem-berwhatIIwasatthehotelbysixo'clockeverymorningto5breakfast.Whenbreakfastwasfinished,I6theroomwhereitwasservedandthentherestrooms.Ihad7beeninamen'sroomhefore,andIwasalways8ofsomeonewalkinginwhileIwasonmykneescleaningthefloorsandtoilets.Icamefromanupper-middle-classbackground(背景),andmyparents'friendsalways9mewell.ButnowthatIWasaservant,Ifoundthatmanyoftheguestsof10backgroundwerenotsonice.Thatwasashock.Peoplewere11toservethemselvesatthebreakfast;itwasmy12togothroughtheroomandaddcoffeeadjuice.Butsomepeoplewantedmetodo13forthem,Irememberonemanwhokept14metogethisfoodanddemandingthingswedidnotserve.Hewasalsoverycritical(挑剔的).15Iwantedtosay,"Goandgetityourself.'Iknewitwasmyjobtobequietanddoinaniceway16Iwastold.I'dtakeadeepbreathand.somehowgetwhathewanted.Still,I'veneverforgottenhowitfelttobespokentosorudely.Today,wheneverIaminataxiorbeing17,Ialwaystrytobeasconsiderate(體貼的)aspossible..Service-industryjobsarenoteasy,andthey'reeven18whenpeopletreatyoulikedirt.Myfirstjobalsohelpedmeachievemoreconfidence(信心).AfterthatsummerIrealizedthatwhatIhadbeenafraidofwas19.InowknewthattheworstthingwouldbeifIfailedatitwithoutreallytrying.Idecidedtogiveitallmyenergy.IfIfalied,20IwouldalwaysknowthatIhaddonemybest.1.A.enjoyB.supportC.manageD.live答案：B指導(dǎo)：supportsb．／oneself當(dāng)“養(yǎng)活、維持……的生計(jì)〞講，作者此處想自己將來(lái)能否養(yǎng)活自己?enioyoneself當(dāng)“玩得快樂(lè)〞講；manage／1iVe后面不跟反身代詞。2.A.inB.forC.onD.of答案：C指導(dǎo)：onone'sown"依靠自己〞。作者此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的還是“養(yǎng)活自己〞。3.A.headedB.rushedC.returnedD.turnd答案：A指導(dǎo)：head用作動(dòng)詞，當(dāng)“向……地方去〞講，后面出現(xiàn)表示方位或地點(diǎn)的副詞或介詞短語(yǔ)。此處表示作者向著那個(gè)方向去，不可能用rush"沖〞。4.A.gotB.foundC.hadD.earned答案：D指導(dǎo)：從后面一句看，此處作者是不記得當(dāng)時(shí)自己能“掙〞多少錢，但確實(shí)很少?！暗玫建曋荒苁蔷唧w的東西，而不能表示掙多少錢。5.A.haveB.cookC.helpwithD.preparefor答案：C指導(dǎo)：此處作者是在餐館里打工，因此是“幫助準(zhǔn)備〞早飯。helpwithsth．“幫助干……〞。作者是在打工，因此不一定是“做〞早飯，因此不用cook；prepareforbreakfast當(dāng)“準(zhǔn)備吃早飯〞講，不合語(yǔ)境。6.A.cleanedB.checkedC.leftD.closed答案：A指導(dǎo)：從作者當(dāng)效勞員的身份可斷定，此處早飯過(guò)后，作者要“清理〞房間。check意為“核查、核對(duì)〞多指數(shù)字或答案；其他選項(xiàng)也不合題意。7.A.onceB.everC.evenD.never答案：D指導(dǎo)：作者應(yīng)是“從來(lái)沒(méi)有〞到過(guò)男廁所。8.A.afraidB.proudC.fondD.sorry答案：A指導(dǎo)：因?yàn)樽髡邚膩?lái)沒(méi)有到過(guò)男廁所，因此當(dāng)有人進(jìn)來(lái)，而作者跪在地上擦地板時(shí)感到“害怕〞。once，ever都表示肯定；even用來(lái)說(shuō)明程度的遞增，都不合語(yǔ)境。9.A.likedB.knewC.treatedD.helped答案：C指導(dǎo)：此處作者拿自己生活圈子里的人跟來(lái)這兒的顧客做比擬。作者因?yàn)槌錾碇挟a(chǎn)階級(jí)，因此大家對(duì)她都不錯(cuò)。因此用treatsb.well．knowsb．well當(dāng)“非常了解某人〞講，其他動(dòng)詞不與副詞well搭配。10.A.anotherB.thesameC.adifferentD.ahigher答案：B指導(dǎo)：作者此處認(rèn)為來(lái)自于“同樣〞背景的人們對(duì)我并不友好，因此作者感到震驚。由作者感到震驚來(lái)看，其他選項(xiàng)不合邏輯。11.A.askedB.supposedC.advisedD.due答案：B指導(dǎo)：besupposedto可表示“預(yù)計(jì)〞或“應(yīng)該〞兩個(gè)