國際貿(mào)易管理航運(yùn)與租船條款解說

{國際貿(mào)易}國際貿(mào)易航運(yùn)與租船條款解說聯(lián)合租用/雇用的運(yùn)輸工具，為了承運(yùn)人和發(fā)貨人的利益通過中間代理雇用(第三方的)自有承運(yùn)工具/鐵路設(shè)備。CarSealMetalstripandleadfastenerusedforlockingfreightcarortruckdoors.Sealsarenumberedforrecordpurposes.車封，鎖住運(yùn)貨車輛的門的金屬鎖扣。鉛封編號(hào)是為便于記錄CarsKnockedDownAutomobilepartsandsubassembliesmanufacturedabroadandtransportedtoadesignatedassemblyplant汽車拆卸，汽車部件（汽車零部件出口運(yùn)輸?shù)揭粋€(gè)指定的組裝工廠）CarfloatAbargeequippedwithtracksonwhichuptoabout12railroadcarsaremovedinharborsorinlandwaterways.鐵路駁船，一種裝有鐵軌可以在港口或內(nèi)陸水道最多裝運(yùn)12節(jié)火車車皮的駁船。CargoGoodstransportedortobetransported,allgoodscarriedonashipcoveredbyaB/L.AsperIMOdefinition:anygoods,wares,merchandise,andarticlesofeverykindwhatsoevercarriedonaship,otherthanmail,ship’sstores,ship’sspareparts,ship’sequipment,stowagematerial,crew’seffectsandpassengers’acpaniedbaggage./船）貨載，已裝運(yùn)或待裝運(yùn)的所有船舶裝運(yùn)的被提單涵蓋的貨物。根據(jù)國際海事組織的定義：除了郵件、船上生活庫存、備件、船舶設(shè)備和材料、船員個(gè)人物品和乘客隨身行李外的任何載運(yùn)于船舶上無論什么種類的貨物、器具、商品和物件CargoManifestDocumentwhichlistsallbillsofladingparticularsofthegoodsloadedonavessel,forofficialandadministrativepurpose.載貨清單，為了（政府）商務(wù)和行政管理，列明了裝于船上，各提單項(xiàng)下所有貨物細(xì)節(jié)的文件CargoNOSCargoNotOtherwiseSpecified.Usuallytherateentryinatariffthatcanapplytomoditiesnotcoveredunderaspecificitemorsubitemintheapplicabletariff(稅則)未列名貨物，通常稅則上列名貨物沒有包括，而列在明細(xì)項(xiàng)目或子項(xiàng)目上的貨物CargoPreferenceCargoreservedbyaNation’slawsfortransportationonlyonvesselsregisteredinthatNation.TypicallythecargoismovingduetoadirectorindirectsupportoractivityoftheGovernment.特許貨物，受政府法律保護(hù)只能由本國登記船舶運(yùn)輸?shù)呢浳?。的支援或政府的行?dòng)而運(yùn)送的貨物。CargoRetentionClausesIntroducedbyCharterersbasedonshortageofdeliveredcargobecauseofincreasedoilprices貨物留置條款，因油價(jià)上漲，承租人采取少卸（交）貨物來補(bǔ)償因油價(jià)上漲給船東造成的損失的條款（油輪租船條款）CargoTonnageMostoceanfreightisbilledonthebasisofweightormeasurementtons(W/M).Weighttonscanbeexpressedinshorttonsof2000pounds,longtonsof2240ormetrictonsof1000kilos(2204.62pounds.)Measurementtonsareusuallyexpressedascargomeasurementof40feet(1.12meters)orcubicmeters(35.3cubicfeet).（貨物）運(yùn)費(fèi)噸，大部分的海運(yùn)費(fèi)是基于重噸或尺碼噸（M/W。短噸、長(zhǎng)噸或公噸表示。尺碼噸通常是用貨物的立方米（1.12立方米為一尺碼噸＝35.3立方英尺）體積表示CarloadRateArateapplicabletoacarloadofgoods.整車運(yùn)費(fèi)，以車計(jì)的運(yùn)費(fèi)。CarnetACustomsdocumentpermittingtheholdertotemporarilycarryorsendmerchandiseintocertainforeigncountries(fordisplay,demonstrationorsimilarpurpose)withoutpayingdutiesorpostingbonds.AnyofvariousCustomsdocumentsrequiredforcrossingsomeinternationalborders.海關(guān)監(jiān)管證明/關(guān)封，一種允許持有者在不繳納關(guān)稅和在受禁止地臨時(shí)運(yùn)送或寄送（展覽，展示或類似目的的）商品進(jìn)入外國。為通過國際邊境很多種要求要提供的海關(guān)文件中的一種文件。CarrierAnypersonorentitywho,inacontractofcarriage,undertakestoperformortoprocuretheperformanceofcarriagebyrail,road,sea,air,inlandwaterwayorbyabinationofsuchmodes.承運(yùn)人，(運(yùn)輸公司，運(yùn)輸工具)。任何個(gè)人或?qū)嶓w以合同形式承擔(dān)執(zhí)行或獲得執(zhí)行用鐵路、公路海運(yùn)空運(yùn)內(nèi)河水道或這些方式的聯(lián)合方式運(yùn)輸?shù)娜薈arrierCertificateandReleaseOrderUsedtoadvisecustomsoftheshipment’sdetails.Bymeansofthisdocument,thecarriercertifiesthatthefirmorindividualnamedinthecertificateistheownerorconsigneeofthegoods承運(yùn)人證明和放貨單用來報(bào)告海關(guān)貨載的詳細(xì)情況用這個(gè)文件承運(yùn)人證明了證明中的公司或個(gè)人是貨物的所有人或收貨人(相當(dāng)于：CargoManifest載貨清單)Carrier’sCertificateAcertificaterequiredbyU.S.Customstoreleasecargoproperlytothecorrectparty.承運(yùn)人證書，美國海關(guān)要求在向真實(shí)收貨方放貨時(shí)出具的證書CarriersHaulageAninlandtransportservicewhichisperformedbytheCarrierand/orasubcontractorfortheaccountandonbehalfoftheMerchant,inaccordancewiththeconditionsandchargesoftherelevantbillofladingortransportdocument.內(nèi)陸拖運(yùn)，一種根據(jù)相關(guān)提單或運(yùn)輸單據(jù)的條件和費(fèi)用代表貿(mào)易商,由承運(yùn)人和/或轉(zhuǎn)包商執(zhí)行,由貿(mào)易商付費(fèi)的轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)服務(wù)。CarriersOwnedContainersThecontainersusedforthetransportationofcargoesbelongingtothepropertyofthecarriers.承運(yùn)人箱，船東箱。用于運(yùn)送貨物屬于船東財(cái)產(chǎn)的集裝箱Carryingforwarddispatchtimenamelyanyhourssavedinloadingtobeaddedtothehoursallowedfordischarging)裝港速遣時(shí)間并入卸貨時(shí)間（裝港節(jié)省時(shí)間并入允許的卸貨時(shí)間）Cartage貨物取送費(fèi)，(集裝箱)短途拖箱費(fèi)1)chargeforpick-upanddeliveryofgoods,2)movementofgoodslocally(shortdistances)1)貨物取送費(fèi)；2）貨物本地移動(dòng)費(fèi)(短途)CartmentCustomsformpermittingin-bondcargotobemovedfromonelocationtoanotherundercustomscontrol,withinthesamecustomsdistrict.Usuallyinmotorcarrier’spossessionwhiledrayingcargo.海關(guān)關(guān)封允許監(jiān)管貨物在海關(guān)控制下在同一關(guān)區(qū)內(nèi)由一個(gè)地方移動(dòng)到另外一個(gè)地方的海關(guān)封志，在運(yùn)輸過程中(關(guān)封)由承運(yùn)人保管CashAgainstDocumentsMethodofpaymentforgoodsinwhichdocumentstransferringtitlearegiventhebuyeruponpaymentofcashtoanintermediaryactingfortheseller,usuallyamissionhouse.憑單據(jù)付款交單付款，一種以買方付現(xiàn)給代表賣方的中方法CashinAdvanceAmethodofpaymentforgoodsinwhichthebuyerpaysthesellerinadvanceoftheshipmentofgoods.Usuallyemployedwhenthegoods,suchasspecializedmachinery,arebuilttoorder.預(yù)付現(xiàn)款，一種買方在貨物裝運(yùn)前付現(xiàn)款給賣方的付款方式。通常用于貨物，諸如特殊的機(jī)械已按要求造好時(shí)CashwithorderAmethodofpaymentforgoodsinwhichcashispaidatthetimeoforderandthetransactionbeesbindingonbothbuyerandseller.訂貨付款，一種貨款支付方式，在訂貨時(shí)付現(xiàn)款，這樣的交易對(duì)買賣雙方都有約束力CellsTheconstructionsystememployedincontainervesselswhichpermitsshipcontainerstobestowedinaverticallinewitheachcontainersupportingtheoneaboveitinsidethecargohold集裝箱柵隔，集裝箱船艙內(nèi)保證集裝箱垂直逐層堆放的設(shè)施CellularVesselAvesseldesignedwithinternalribbingtopermitthesupportofstackedcontainers柵隔集裝箱船，船艙內(nèi)設(shè)有支撐集裝箱堆放隔架的船舶CenterofgravityThepointofequilibriumofthetotalweightofacontainership,truck,trainorapieceofcargo.重心，集裝箱船舶、卡車、火車或貨物的重心Certificate-Adocumentcertifyingthatmerchandise(suchasofinspectionperishablegoods)wasingoodconditionimmediatelypriortoitsshipment.保鮮品證明，證明商品（如易腐品）在裝船時(shí)狀況良好-ThedocumentissuedbytheU.S.CoastGuardcertifyinganAmericanflagvessel’spliancewithapplicablelawsandregulations.合法船舶證明，美國海岸警衛(wèi)隊(duì)簽發(fā)給懸掛美國旗的船舶，證明其符合法律法規(guī)CertificateofinsuranceAnegotiabledocumentindicatingthatinsurancehasbeensecuredunderanopenpolicytocoverlossordamagetoashipmentwhileintransit.損壞已由預(yù)約保險(xiǎn)承保賠償CertificateofOrigin-Acertifieddocumentshowingtheoriginofgoodswhichusedininternationalmerce.原產(chǎn)地證明書，用于國際貿(mào)易、證明貨物原產(chǎn)地的證明書-DocumentcertifyingthecountryoforiginofgoodswhichisnormallyissuedorsignedbytherelevantGovernmentDepartmentoftheexportingcountry,orChamberofCommerceorEmbassy.書CFS/CFSAkindofcargomovementbycontainer.Deliveredlooseatoriginpointwithvanningbycarrier,devannedbycarrieratdestination,andpickeduplooseatdestination.“箱貨運(yùn)貨運(yùn)站到集裝箱貨運(yùn)站”，一種集裝箱作業(yè)方式。在發(fā)貨地（點(diǎn)）用卡車收集散裝貨物、在目的地用卡車分撥散裝貨物和收集散裝貨物。(散收散交)ChannelofDistributionAmeansbywhichamanufacturerdistributesproductsfromtheplanttotheultimateuser,includingwarehouses,brokers,wholesalers,retailers,etc.銷售管道/渠道，配送渠道。、中間商、批發(fā)、零售商等等環(huán)節(jié)ChargeableweightTheshipmentweightusedindeterminingfreightcharges.Thechargeableweightmaybethedimensionalweight(measurementweight)計(jì)費(fèi)重量(空運(yùn))。決定運(yùn)輸費(fèi)用的貨物重量。計(jì)費(fèi)重量也可以是體積噸(尺碼噸)CHARTAmapusedbynavigators海圖CharterPartyAwrittencontractbetweentheownerofavesselandthepersondesiringtoemploythevessel(chaterer);setsforththetermsofthearrangementsuchasdurationofagreement,freightrateandportsinvolvedinthetrip.、運(yùn)費(fèi)率和航程中相關(guān)港口等達(dá)成的書面合同ChartererThelegalpersonwhohassignedacharterpartywiththeownerofavesseloranaircraftandthushiresorleasesavesselorpartofthecapacitythereof.人ChassisAwheeledflat-bedconstructedtoacmodatecontainersmovedovertheroad.Alsotermedas“Trailers”集裝箱拖架，拖車，一種帶車輪承載集裝箱在公路上運(yùn)輸?shù)钠桨寮?。也稱“拖架”ChockApieceofwoodorothermaterialplacedatthesideofcargotopreventrollingormovingsideways木楔或楔型物，放在貨物旁邊防止?jié)L動(dòng)或測(cè)移。ClaimAdemandmadeuponatransportationlineforpaymentonaccountofalosssustainedthroughitsallegednegligence.索賠。要求船公司因其疏忽造成的損失賠付ClassClassificationSociety,organisation-settingstandardsfordesign,build,conditionofships船級(jí)社，規(guī)定船舶設(shè)計(jì)、制造標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的機(jī)構(gòu)ClassificationApublication,suchasUniformFreightClassification(railroad)ortheNationalMotorFreightClassification(motorcarrier),thatassignsratingstovariousarticlesandprovidesbillofladingdescriptionsandrules.運(yùn)價(jià)表運(yùn)價(jià)本如標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鐵路運(yùn)價(jià)或國內(nèi)公路運(yùn)價(jià)，為各類貨物制定運(yùn)價(jià)并規(guī)定了提單條款和規(guī)定ClassificationRatingThedesignationprovidedinaclassificationbywhichaclassrateisdetermined.分類運(yùn)價(jià)表，分級(jí)運(yùn)價(jià)。規(guī)定貨物的等級(jí)，決定每級(jí)貨物的運(yùn)價(jià)ClassificationYardArailroadyardwithmanytracksusedforassemblingfreighttrains.鐵路編組站，一個(gè)有很多軌道、用于運(yùn)輸列車編組的鐵路車站ClaytonActAnantitrustactoftheU.S.Congressmakingpricediscriminationunlawful.美國國會(huì)反價(jià)格歧視法CleanBillofLadingAreceiptforgoodsissuedbyacarrierwithanindicationthatthegoodswerereceivedin“apparentgoodorderandcondition,”withoutdamageorotherirregularities.Ifnonotationorexceptionismade,theB/Lisassumedtobe“cleaned.”清潔提單，由承運(yùn)人簽發(fā)的運(yùn)輸收據(jù)，標(biāo)明貨物表面狀況良好沒有損壞或混亂上）沒有例外的記載，這樣的提單可稱為“清潔提單”。CleanonBoardWhengoodsareloadedonboardandthedocumentissuedonrespecttothesegoodsisclean.完整裝船，已裝船。當(dāng)貨物已裝船，(船方)簽發(fā)有關(guān)的單證都是清潔時(shí)的(用語)CleaninginTransitThestoppingofarticles,suchaspeanuts,etc.,forcleaningatapointbetweenthepointoforiginanddestination.中途作衛(wèi)生處理(的貨物)在起運(yùn)地和到達(dá)地之間的一個(gè)地點(diǎn)停留，進(jìn)行衛(wèi)生處理的貨物，如花生等ClearanceAdocumentstatingthatashipmentisfreetobeimportedintothecountryafteralllegalrequirementshavebeenmet進(jìn)口通關(guān)單(海關(guān)進(jìn)口放行單)。一種說明貨物所有合法手續(xù)完備后可以進(jìn)口的文件CleatAstripofwoodormetalusedtoaffordadditionalstrength,topreventwarping,ortoholdinplace.夾板，為防止變形或固定貨物的木條或鋼件。Clip-OnRefrigerationequipmentattachabletoaninsulatedcontainerthatdoesnothaveitsownrefrigerationunit.集裝箱制冷機(jī)。依附在集裝箱上的制冷機(jī)ClosingThepublisheddeadlineforexportcargoestobeacceptedforasailingofthecarrier.CYClosingisapplicabletoFCLsandCFSClosingisapplicabletoLCLs.Nomally,CFSClosingisaround24hoursaheadofCYClosing,dependingoftheplexitiesofexportcustomsclearanceformalitiesatthecountry.“結(jié)載時(shí)間”，船公司公布的貨物受載期限。集裝箱堆場(chǎng)結(jié)載時(shí)間適用于整箱貨，集裝箱貨運(yùn)站結(jié)載時(shí)間適用于拼箱貨早于集裝箱堆場(chǎng)的結(jié)載時(shí)間24小時(shí)，這取決于出口國海關(guān)通關(guān)手續(xù)的難易。CoastwiseWatertransportationalongthecoast.沿海運(yùn)輸CollectFreightFreightpayabletothecarrierattheportofdischargeorultimatedestination.Theconsigneedoesnotpaythefreightchargeifthecargodoesnotarriveatthedestination到付運(yùn)費(fèi)(或指定付款地點(diǎn))，收貨人不付運(yùn)輸費(fèi)用CollectionAdraftdrawnonthebuyer,usuallyacpaniedbydocuments,withpleteinstructionsconcerningprocessingforpaymentoracceptance.托收，向買方開出的匯票，通常附有完整的相關(guān)付款或接受程序的指示單據(jù)CollectingAbankthatactsasanagenttotheseller’sbank(thepresentingbank).Thecollectingbankassumesnoresponsibilityforeitherthedocumentsorthemerchandise。托收行即不對(duì)單據(jù)負(fù)責(zé)也不對(duì)貨物負(fù)責(zé)CollectivePaperAlldocuments(mercialinvoices,billsoflading,etc.)submittedtoabuyerforthepurposeofreceivingpaymentforashipment收費(fèi)憑證，收費(fèi)文件。提交給買方，為收取貨物貨款的所有文件(如：商業(yè)發(fā)票、提單等)CombinationExportMgrAfirmthatactsasanexportsalesagentformorethanonenonpetingmanufacturer.聯(lián)合出口管理公司，為一家以上（沒有出口管理經(jīng)驗(yàn)的）制造商代理出口的公司CombinationRateAratemadeupoftwoormorefactors,separatelypublished.聯(lián)合運(yùn)價(jià)，聯(lián)運(yùn)運(yùn)價(jià)。分別發(fā)布的運(yùn)價(jià)而制定的運(yùn)費(fèi)CombinedTransportMeansthecarriageofgoodsbyatleasttwodifferentmodesoftransport,fromaplaceatwhichthegoodsaretakeninchargesituatedinonecountrytoaplacedesignatedfordeliverysituatedinadifferentcountry.CombinedTransportisalsoreferredtointheUSA“IntermodalTransport”andinotherpartsoftheworldas“MultimodalTransport”用至少兩種以上不同運(yùn)輸方式從貨物所在地國家提取并接管貨物并交付到另一個(gè)不同國家的指定交貨地點(diǎn)的運(yùn)輸方式聯(lián)合運(yùn)“聯(lián)合運(yùn)輸”“多式聯(lián)運(yùn)”CombitermsDeliverytermsforInt’lGroupagetraffic國際成組運(yùn)輸交貨條款（貨運(yùn)代理人之間）CommercialInvoiceAdocumentcreatedbytheseller.Itisanofficialdocumentwhichisusedtoindicate,amongotherthings,thenameandaddressofthebuyerandseller,theproduct(s)beingshipped,andtheirvalueforcustoms,insurance,orotherpurposes商業(yè)發(fā)票由賣方繕制的文件，是用于表明，在其他項(xiàng)目外，買賣雙方的名稱和地址貨物已裝運(yùn)、貨物的海關(guān)申報(bào)價(jià)值或其他項(xiàng)目的正式文件CommodityArticleshipped.Fordangeroursandhazardouscargo,thecorrectmodityidentificationiscritical.運(yùn)輸?shù)纳唐罚浳?。?duì)危險(xiǎn)品和有害商品要做正確的商品標(biāo)示CommodityrateAratepublishedtoapplytoaspecificarticleorarticles.品（貨物）的運(yùn)價(jià)CommonCarrierAtransportationpanywhichprovidesservicetothegeneralpublicatpublishedrates.CommonlawLawthatderivesitsforceandauthorityfromprecedent,customandusageratherthanfromstatutes,particularlywithreferencetothelawsofEnglandandtheUnitedStates.例勝過法條，英國和美國適用的法律CONBILLUniformBillofLadingClauses1946(tobeusedwhennocharterpartyissigned)1946ConcealedDamageDamagethatisnotevidentfromviewingtheunopenedpackage.內(nèi)部殘損,隱蔽性殘損，未開包裝不能發(fā)現(xiàn)的殘損ConferenceAnassociationofshipownersoperatinginthesametraderoutewhooperateundercollectiveconditionsandagreeontariffrates.Thepurposeoftheconferenceistostandardizeshippingpractices,eliminatefreightratepetition,andprovideregularlyscheduledservicebetweenspecificports（航運(yùn)）公會(huì)，經(jīng)營同一航線的船東協(xié)會(huì)，他們集體制定運(yùn)輸規(guī)定和運(yùn)輸費(fèi)率。運(yùn)價(jià)公會(huì)的目的是：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化操作、排出運(yùn)價(jià)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和在特定的港口之間提供定期的航運(yùn)服ConferenceCarrierAnoceancarrierwhoismemberofanassociationknownasa“conference”.Thepurposeoftheconferenceistostandardizeshippingpractices,eliminatefreightratepetition,andprovideregularlyscheduledservicebetweenspecificports公會(huì)承運(yùn)人。運(yùn)價(jià)公會(huì)成員的海運(yùn)承運(yùn)人。、排出運(yùn)價(jià)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和在特定的港口之間提供定期的航運(yùn)服務(wù)ConfirmedLetterofCreditAletterofcredit,issuedbyaforeignbank,whosevalidityhasbeenconfirmedbyadomesticbank.Anexporterwithaconfirmedletterofcreditisassuredofpaymenteveniftheforeignbuyerortheforeignbankdefaults.外國銀行簽發(fā)的信用證出口商有了經(jīng)過保兌的信用證就有了收款的保證，即使買方或國外銀行違約(不付款)。ConfirmingBankThebankthataddsitsconfirmationtoanotherbank’s(theissuingbank’s)letterofcreditandpromisestopaythebeneficiaryuponpresentationofdocumentsspecifiedintheletterofcredit.定單據(jù)時(shí)保證承兌的銀行ConnectingCarrierAcarrierwhichhasadirectphysicalconnectionwith,orformsalinkbetweentwoormorecarriers.中間承運(yùn)人，在兩個(gè)或更多的承運(yùn)人之間直接聯(lián)結(jié)運(yùn)輸或與他們組成運(yùn)輸鏈的承運(yùn)人ConnectingCarrierAgreementAnAgreementoffreightratesforconnectionsbetweenfeederportsandtheportsofcallofvessels.聯(lián)運(yùn)運(yùn)費(fèi)協(xié)議，(承運(yùn)人之間關(guān)于)支線港和基本港之間的運(yùn)費(fèi)協(xié)議ConsigneeApersonorpanytowhommoditiesareshipped.收貨人，接收貨物的個(gè)人或公司ConsigneeMarkAsymbolplacedonpackagesforidentificationpurposes;generallyatriangle,square,circle,etc.withlettersand/ornumbersandportofdischarge.（收貨人）嘜頭，包裝上區(qū)別標(biāo)記；通常是帶有文字或數(shù)字和卸貨港名稱的三角型、方型、圓圈等ConsignmentAstockofmerchandiseadvancedtoadealerandlocatedathisplaceofbusiness,butwithtitleremaininginthesourceofsupply.托運(yùn)、（如生產(chǎn)原料等保稅貨物）ConsignorApersonorpanyshownonthebillofladingastheshipper托運(yùn)人，發(fā)貨人。在提單上標(biāo)明的發(fā)貨人公司或個(gè)人ConsolidatedCargoCargocontainingshipmentsoftwoormoreshippersorsuppliers,usuallyshippedbyafirmcalledaconsolidator.Containerloadshipmentsmaybeconsolidatedforoneormoreconsignees./（或拼箱代理人）的公司發(fā)運(yùn)。這種整箱貨物可以集運(yùn)給一個(gè)或多個(gè)收貨人Consolidation集運(yùn)，合并運(yùn)輸，集中運(yùn)輸，集中托運(yùn)ConsolidatorApersonorfirmperformingaconsolidationserviceofsmalllotsofcargoesforshippers.Theconsolidatortakesadvantageoflowerfullcarload(FCL)rates,andsavingsarepassedontoshippers.。集運(yùn)代理用優(yōu)拼箱代理商也從中得到比整集裝箱運(yùn)輸更多的利益）Consolidator’sbillofladingAbillofladingissuedbyaconsolidatorasareceiptformerchandise集運(yùn)人提單，集運(yùn)代理提單。集運(yùn)人簽發(fā)的作為貨物收據(jù)的提單ConsortiumAgroupofcarrierspoolingresources,normallycontainervessels,inatradelanetomaximizetheirresourcesefficiently.承運(yùn)人集團(tuán)、承運(yùn)人聯(lián)合體。為了在一條貿(mào)易航線上自己源的效率最大化而集中資源、通常是集裝箱運(yùn)輸船舶的承運(yùn)人集團(tuán)ConsularDeclarationAformalstatementdescribinggoodstobeshipped;filedwithandapprovedbytheconsulofthecountryofdestinationpriortoshipment.領(lǐng)事聲明(進(jìn)口)目的地國領(lǐng)事館在貨物裝運(yùn)前批準(zhǔn)和簽發(fā)(備案)的貨物正式證明文件ConsularinvoiceAdocument,certifiedbyaconsularorofficial,isrequiredbysomecountriestodescribeashipment.UsedbyCustomsoftheforeigncountry,toverifythevalue,quantityandnatureofthecargo.外國海關(guān)(進(jìn)口海關(guān))用于證明貨物的價(jià)值、數(shù)量和原產(chǎn)地的文件ConsularVisaAnofficialsignatureorsealaffixedtocertaindocumentsbytheconsulofthecountryofdestination.領(lǐng)事簽證，目的地國領(lǐng)事館在文件上的簽章或粘貼ConsumptionEntryTheprocessofdeclaringtheimportationofforeignmadegoodsforuseinthecountry.進(jìn)口消費(fèi)品申報(bào)程序。進(jìn)口國外制造消費(fèi)品的申報(bào)程序ContainerAtrucktrailerbodythatcanbedetachedfromthechassisforloadingintoavessel,arailcarorstackedinacontainerdepot.Containersmaybeventilated,insulated,refrigerated,flatrack,vehiclerack,opentop,bulkliquidorequippedwithinteriordevices.Acontainermaybe20feet,40feet,45feet,48feetor53feetinlength,8’0”or8’6”inwidth,and8’6”or9’6”inheight.集裝箱，可以從車架上分離裝上船、火車或卸在集裝箱堆場(chǎng)的箱體。的隔熱型的冷凍型的平板型的框架型的開頂型的、油罐型的或裝有內(nèi)部裝置的。集裝箱有20、40、45、48、或53英尺長(zhǎng)，8、8’6”英尺寬和8’6”或9’6”英尺高的。ContainerBookingArrangementswithasteamshiplinetotransportcontainerizedcargo.集裝箱訂艙，與船公司做出運(yùn)輸集裝箱貨物的（預(yù)定/預(yù)約）安排ContainerLeaseThecontractbywhichtheownerofcontainers(lessor)givestheuseofcontainertoalesseeforaspecifiedperiodoftimeandforfixedpayments.酬的合同ContainerLoadAloadsufficientinsizetofillacontainereitherbycubicmeasurementorbyweight.集裝箱滿載，無論是容積還是重量都滿載的集裝箱ContainerloadingplanAdocumentpreparedtoshowalldetailsofcargoesloadedinacontainer,e.g.weight(individualandtotal),measurement,markings,shippers,consignees,theoriginanddestinationofgoods,andlocationofcargowithinthecontainer.AContainerLoadPlaniseitherpreparedbythecargoconsolidatorortheshipperwhichshipsitscargoesonFCLterms.集裝箱裝箱清單，一種為注明集裝箱內(nèi)所有貨物詳細(xì)情況的文件，如：重量（單件和總重量）、體積、嘜頭、發(fā)貨人、收貨人、發(fā)貨地和目的地以及貨物在集裝箱中的位置。裝箱清單由拼箱代理或發(fā)運(yùn)整箱（集裝箱）貨物的發(fā)貨人繕制ContainerNumberTheuniqueidentificationofacontainer集裝箱號(hào)，是集裝箱辨別標(biāo)記ContainerdeportThestorageareaforemptycontainers集裝箱空箱堆場(chǎng)?？占b箱堆存(區(qū)域)堆場(chǎng)ContainerFreightStationAshippingdockwherecargoisloaded(“stuffed”)intoorunloaded(“stripped”)fromcontainers.Generally,thisinvolveslessthancontainerloadshipments,althoughsmallshipmentsdestinedtosameconsigneeareoftenconsolidated.Containerreloadingfrom/torailormotorcarrierequipmentisatypicalactivity.“集裝箱貨運(yùn)站”，在這里貨物被裝進(jìn)或拆出集裝箱。通常處理雖然數(shù)量小但收貨人相同的拼箱貨。把集裝箱裝上或卸下火車或汽車是它典型的作業(yè)Or:Consolidationdepotswhereparcelsofcargoaregroupedandloadingintocontainers.Alternatively,inboundcargoesinacontaineraredevannedfordeliveriestoconsigneesasLCLs.拼箱貨物分撥的集裝箱貨運(yùn)站。ContainerIDAnidentifierassignedtoacontainerbyacarrier集裝箱標(biāo)志，集裝箱標(biāo)識(shí)。由承運(yùn)人指定的集裝箱標(biāo)識(shí)符號(hào)ContainerManifestDocumentshowingcontentsandloadingsequenceofacontainer.集裝箱裝載清單，標(biāo)明集裝箱裝載內(nèi)容和裝載順序的清單ContainerPoolAnagreementbetweenpartiesthatallowstheefficientuseandsupplyofcontainers.Amonsupplyofcontainersavailabletotheshipperasrequired.集裝箱用箱協(xié)議，協(xié)議方之間保證有效用箱和供箱的的協(xié)議公共供箱商在發(fā)貨人需要時(shí)能夠供箱ContainerSealNumberAnumberembossedonhigh-securitysealsforclosingupcontainerswhichwillserveidentificationpurposes.集裝箱鉛封號(hào)，一種刻在為封閉集裝箱的高保險(xiǎn)鉛封上用于識(shí)別目的的號(hào)碼。ContainershipAnoceanvesselspecificallydesignedtocarryoceancargocontainers.Itisfittedwithverticalcellsformaximumcapacity.集裝箱船，專門為運(yùn)輸海運(yùn)集裝箱設(shè)計(jì)的船舶。它裝有最大限度利用艙容的垂直軌架ContainerSizeThelengthofacontaineri.e.20’,40’and45’(feet)集裝箱規(guī)格/型號(hào)，即：長(zhǎng)度為20’/40’和45’英尺的集裝箱ContainerTerminalAfacilitywhichallowscontainervesselstoberthalongsidefortheoperationsofloadingandunloadingofcontainers.ShippersdelivertheirexportcontainerstotheContainerTerminalawaitingforloadingontocontainervesselswhilstconsigneesatportstakedeliveryofcontainersfromtheContainerTerminalaftertheyareunloadedfromthecontainervessels.集裝箱碼頭集裝箱場(chǎng)，集裝箱船可以靠泊并裝卸操作集裝箱的場(chǎng)所發(fā)貨人將他們的出口集裝箱交到集裝箱場(chǎng)（碼頭）待裝（集裝箱）船，而收貨人在集裝箱場(chǎng)（碼頭）提取從（集裝箱）船上卸下的集裝箱。ContainerTypeContainersareclassifiedunderdifferenttypes,e.g.,drycargo,reefer,opentop,flat-rack,open-side,etc.集裝箱類型，集裝箱分為不同的類型，如：干貨箱、冷凍箱、開頂箱、平板箱、側(cè)開箱等。ContaineryardAfacilityinsideoroutsidetheContainerTerminalwhichacceptsladenexportcontainersfromshippersorladenimportcontainersfordeliverytoconsignees.一種設(shè)于集裝箱碼頭內(nèi)或外的用于接受發(fā)貨人的重載出口集裝箱或要交給收貨人的重載進(jìn)口集裝箱的堆場(chǎng)ContainerizableCargoCargothatwillfitintoacontainerandresultinaneconomicalshipment.集裝箱適裝貨，適合裝入集裝箱并取得經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)輸成本的貨物ContainerizationStowageofgeneralorspecialcargoesinacontainerfortransportinthevariousmodes集裝箱化(運(yùn)輸)。多種方式的普通貨物或特殊貨物的集裝箱化裝運(yùn)ContractCarrierAnypersonnotamoncarrierwho,underspecialandindividualcontractsoragreements,transportspassengersorpropertyforpensation.承運(yùn)人ContractofAffreightmentOwnersagreetoacceptacostperrevenuetonneforcargocarriedonaspecificnumberofvoyages.船東同意按噸計(jì)收運(yùn)費(fèi)的連續(xù)數(shù)個(gè)航次運(yùn)輸貨物的合同or:Anagreementbyanoceancarriertoprovidecargospaceonavesselataspecialtimeandforaspecifiedpricetoacmodateanexporterorimporter供船舶的貨運(yùn)艙位的合同ControlledAtmosphereSophisticated,putercontrolledsystemsthatmanagethemixturesorgaseswithinacontainerthroughoutanintermodaljourneyreducingdecay.集裝箱溫度/度和氣體，減少運(yùn)輸途中貨物腐敗的裝置CornerPostsVerticalframeponentsfittedatthecornersofthecontainer,integraltothecornerfittingsandconnectingtheroofandfloorstructures.Containersareliftedandsecuredinastackusingthecastingsattheends.集裝箱角柱，整體連接集裝箱頂棚底板和側(cè)板的構(gòu)建角柱的兩端用于集裝箱的裝卸和安全固定。CorrespondentBankAbankthat,initsowncountry,handlethebusinessofaforeignbank.（信用證）通知銀行/代理行，在本國操作國外銀行業(yè)務(wù)的銀行CostandFreightItisatermoftradinginwhichthebuyerofthegoodspaysanamountwhichcoversthecostofthegoodsplusthecostoftransportingthegoodsfromorigintotheportofdischargeorfinaldestination成本加運(yùn)費(fèi)價(jià)格，買方承付包含了貨值和從原產(chǎn)地到卸貨港或目的地運(yùn)費(fèi)的貿(mào)易條款CostandInsuranceApricethatincludesthecostofthegoods,themarineinsuranceandalltransportationchargesexcepttheoceanfreighttothenamedpointofdestination成本加保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)價(jià)格。除到目的地海運(yùn)費(fèi)外的貨物成本、海運(yùn)保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)和集港運(yùn)輸費(fèi)價(jià)格Cost,Insurance,Freight(NamedPort)SameasC&FORCFRexceptsellalsoprovidesinsurancetonameddestination.Atermoftradinginwhichthebuyerofthegoodspayforthecostofthegoods,thecostoftransportingthegoodsfromorigintotheportofdischargeorfinaldestinationandtheinsurancepremiumforamaritimeinsurancepolicyforthevalueoftheorder.成本C&F和CFR除賣方要承擔(dān)到目的地的保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)外是相同的一種買方承擔(dān)貨物成本、從原產(chǎn)地到卸貨港或目的地的運(yùn)費(fèi)和根據(jù)海運(yùn)保險(xiǎn)規(guī)定的貨物價(jià)值保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)的貿(mào)易價(jià)格條款。（在CIF后加上港口名稱）CountervailingDutyAnadditionaldutyimposedtooffsetexportgrants,bountiesorsubsidiespaidtoforeignsuppliersincertaincountriesbythegovernmentofthatcountryforthepurposeofpromotingexport.強(qiáng)制征收有出口補(bǔ)貼貨物的附加關(guān)稅在某些的國家，政府為促進(jìn)出口，給出口商(出口)補(bǔ)貼(進(jìn)口國政府為了保護(hù)本國產(chǎn)品對(duì)這些有出口補(bǔ)貼的進(jìn)口貨物就會(huì)征收反傾銷/抵消關(guān)稅)CrossMemberTransversemembersfittedtothebottomsiderailsofacontainer,whichsupportthefloor.集裝箱底板橫梁,安裝在集裝箱底板縱向梁上支撐底板的橫梁CubeOutwhenacontainerorvesselhasreacheditsvolumetriccapacitybeforeitspermittedweightlimit.集裝箱或船舶在達(dá)到裝載重量限制前其裝載容積已滿的狀況CubicAunitofvolumemeasurement.立方，體積丈量單位CurrencyAdjustmentFactorAcharge,expressedaspercentageofabaserate,thatisappliedtopensateoceancarriersofcurrencyfluctuations.(Afeeappliedtotheshippingcoststopensateforexchangeratefluctuations)貨幣貶值附加費(fèi)。一種用基本運(yùn)費(fèi)百分比率表示的費(fèi)用，用于補(bǔ)償海運(yùn)承運(yùn)人匯率浮動(dòng)的損失（一種運(yùn)輸成本費(fèi)用，用于補(bǔ)償匯率浮動(dòng)的損失）CustomoftheportAphraseoftenincludedincharterpartiesandfreightcontractsreferringtolocalrulesandpracticeswhichmayimpactuponthecostsbornebythevariousparties.定和習(xí)慣的用語CustomsGovernmentagencychargedwithenforcingtherulespassedtoprotectthecountry’simportandexportrevenues.口關(guān)稅收入。CustomsBondedWarehouseApublicorprivatelyownedwarehousewheredutiablegoodsarestoredpendingpaymentofdutyorremovalunderbond.Thestorageordeliveryofgoodsareunderthesupervisionofcustomsofficersandifthewarehouseisprivatelyownedthekeeperhastoenterintoabondasindemnityinrespectofthegoodsdeposited,whichmaynotbedeliveredwithoutareleasefromthecustoms.保稅倉庫，公共或私有存放未繳納關(guān)稅貨物或海關(guān)監(jiān)管貨物的倉庫。庫存或提貨須在海關(guān)官員的監(jiān)管下進(jìn)行，私有倉庫業(yè)主必須繳納存貨保證金，沒有海關(guān)的放行不許交付貨物CustomsBrokerAnauthorizedagentspecializedincustomsclearanceproceduresonaccountofimporter/exporter.報(bào)關(guān)行，報(bào)關(guān)公司。專門授權(quán)的進(jìn)出口清關(guān)代理人CustomsClearanceTheactofobtainingpermissiontoimportorexportmerchandisefrom/toanothercountryinto/outtheimporting/exportingnation報(bào)關(guān)，結(jié)關(guān)。為獲得從/向另一個(gè)國家進(jìn)口/出口貨物的進(jìn)口/出口許可的(向海關(guān)申報(bào))行為CustomsentryAllcountriesrequirethattheimportermakeadeclarationoniningforeigngoods.Theimporterthennormallypaysadutyontheimportedmerchandise.Theimporter’sstatementisparedagainstthecarrier’svesselmanifesttoensurethatallforeigngoodsareproperlydeclared.進(jìn)口商申報(bào)從國外進(jìn)口的貨物進(jìn)口商通常要為進(jìn)口商品繳納關(guān)稅進(jìn)口商的申報(bào)說明要與承運(yùn)人的載貨清單進(jìn)行比對(duì)以確認(rèn)所有進(jìn)口貨物已正確申CustomsHousAgovernmentofficewhereduties,suchasimportduties,etc.,andimportdocumentsfiledetc.,onforeignshipmentsarepaidandhandled.在海關(guān)繳納和處理CustomsInvoiceAformrequiringalldatainamercialinvoicealongwithacertificateofvalueand/oracertificateoforigin.Requiredinafewcountries(usuallyformerBritishterritories)andusuallyservesasaseller’smercialinvoice./或原產(chǎn)地證明的所有商業(yè)發(fā)票數(shù)據(jù)的正式發(fā)票。樣的發(fā)票，同時(shí)這種發(fā)票也能作為賣方的商業(yè)發(fā)票CustomsValueThevalueoftheimported/exportinggoodsonwhichdutieswillbeassessed海關(guān)價(jià)值。用于估算關(guān)稅的進(jìn)口/出口貨物的價(jià)值Cut-OffTimeThelatesttimecargoorcontainerorotheritemsdesignatedbyshipperatoriginmaybedeliveredtoaterminalorCFSfacilityordesignatedpointforloadingtoascheduledtrainorship.晚時(shí)間CY/CFSCargoloadedinafullcontainerbyashipperatorigin,deliveredtoaCFSfacilityatdestination,andthendevannedbythecarrierforloosepick-up(AtermsofcontainertransportationpublishedbycarrierandallowedshippertochoosebetweenCY/CY,CFS/CYCY/CFS)/散交交貨條款發(fā)貨人在發(fā)貨卸集裝箱貨物(由承運(yùn)人公布、供發(fā)貨選擇的運(yùn)輸條款，有CY/CY,CFS/CY,CY/CFS)CY/CYCargoloadedbytheshipperinafullcontaineratoriginanddeliveredtothecarrier’sterminalatdestinationforpick-upintactbyconsignee.(Atermofcontainertransportation“seeCY/CFS”)/整拆交貨條款發(fā)貨人在發(fā)整箱提取的交貨條款DDamagesfordetentionPenaltyifcargoisnotreadywhenshiparrivesforworking(1stdayoflaycan).Thisisnotdetentionwhichischargedforshipstimeondelay.IfthecargoisreadythereisnoDAMFORDET.貨物的罰款不是為滯留而是為船舶滯期的費(fèi)用如果貨物備妥即沒有滯留損失。DangerousgoodsThetermusedbyI.M.C.O.forhazardousmaterialswhicharecapableofposingasignificantrisktohealth,safelyorpropertywhilebeingtransported.(Anotherexpression:Goodsaretobeconsidereddangerousifthetransportofsuchgoodsmightcauseharm,risk,peril,orothereviltopeople,environment,equipmentoranypropertywhatsoever.)明顯危害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的貨物的術(shù)語（另外的解釋：只要運(yùn)輸就有可能對(duì)無論是人類環(huán)境設(shè)備或財(cái)產(chǎn)造成傷害的貨物）DangerousGoodsDeclarationDocumentissuedbyaconsignorinaccordancewithapplicableconventionsorregulations,describinghazardousgoodsormaterialsfortransportpurposes,andstatingthatthelatterhavebeenpackedandlabeledinaccordancewiththeprovisionsoftherelevantconventionsorregulations.求進(jìn)行了包裝和標(biāo)記DaysallpurposesTotaldaysforloadinganddischarging)總裝卸天數(shù)、總作業(yè)天數(shù)（裝卸作業(yè)總天數(shù)）DeckApermanentcoveringoverapartment,hulloranypartthereof.甲板，覆蓋在船艙上或其他部分的永久船殼DeconsolidationPointPlacewhereloseorothernon-containerizedcargoisungroupedfordelivery.散裝（分拆）貨交貨點(diǎn)，集運(yùn)貨物交貨站DeconsolidatorAnenterprisethatprovidesservicestoun-groupshipments,orders,goods,etc.,tofacilitatedistribution集運(yùn)承運(yùn)人，拼裝代理人。為不成組(不足量)的貨載、訂單、貨物等提供服務(wù)，方便貨物配送的企業(yè)DeadSpaceSpaceinacar,truck,vessel,etc.,thatisnotutilized.卡車船舶沒有有效使用的載貨空間Deadfreight.Spacebookedbyshipperorchartereronavesselbutnotused.空艙（虧艙）。發(fā)貨人或租船人已訂而未使用的艙位（容）DeadheadOnelegofamovewithoutapayingcargoload.UsuallyreferstorepositioninganemptypieceofequipmentDeadweight.Weightofcargo,storesandwater,i.e.thedifferencebetweenlightshipandloadeddisplacement.(DeadWeightton)總載重噸，總載重量。貨物重量、備用品和水的重量合，也就是空船和重載排水量的差額。DeadweightcargoOnetonofwhichmeasures40cubicfeetorless,freightondeadweightcargoisgenerallypayableontheweight,i.e.perton重量貨物，重貨。一噸貨物體積為40立方英尺或小于40立方英尺的貨物(我國規(guī)定為每立方米貨物的重量大于1噸的貨物)。重量貨物按重量計(jì)收運(yùn)費(fèi)DeadweightTonnage(D/W)Thenumberoftonsof2,240poundsthatavesselcantransportofcargo,storesandbunkerfuel,itisthedifferencebetweenthenumberoftonsofwateravesseldisplaces“l(fā)ight”andthenumberoftonsitdisplaceswhensubmergedtothe“l(fā)oadline”.(船舶)載重噸。船舶能運(yùn)送的貨物、燃油的噸數(shù)(=2,240磅)，是船舶空載吃水線與滿載吃水線之間的排水量的差額Decimalconversionfactor(TimberTrade)(木材貿(mào)易)十進(jìn)制換算系數(shù)（1板尺＝1/12立方英尺＝0.083333立方英尺＝0.002359立方米＝0.065457霍普斯天）DeclaredValueforCarriageThevalueofthegoods,declaredbytheshipperonabilloflading,forthepurposeofdeterminingafreightrateorthelimitofthecarrier’sliability貨物價(jià)值申報(bào)。發(fā)貨人在提單商申報(bào)貨物的價(jià)值是為了決定運(yùn)費(fèi)率或承運(yùn)人的(賠償)責(zé)任限制DedicatedUnitTrainAnunittrainoperatedbyrailroadsforexclusiveusage.專用列車。由鐵路經(jīng)營的專用列車DeferredRebateThereturnofaportionofthefreightchargesbyacarrieroraconferenceinexchangefortheshippergivingallormostofhisshipmentstothecarrierorconferenceoveraspecifiedperiodtime(usuallysixmonths).Paymentoftherateisdeferredforafurthersimilarperiod.Duringwhichtheshippermustcontinuetogiveallormostofhisshipmentstotherebatingcarrierorconference.Theshipperthusearnsafurtherrebatethatwillnot,however,bepaidwithoutanadditionalofexclusiveoralmostexclusivepatronagewiththecarrierofconference.Inthisway,theshipperbeestiedtotherebatingcarrierorconference.Althoughthedeferredrebatesystemisillegalinmanycountries,itgenerallyisacceptedintheoceantradebetweenothercountries.長(zhǎng)期回扣。為換取發(fā)貨人在一段規(guī)定的時(shí)間(一般是六個(gè)月)內(nèi)將其全部或大部分貨載交給承還。回扣是在(貨運(yùn))相同的時(shí)間內(nèi)延期支付的，在這段時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)貨人必須不斷地將其全部或大部分貨載交給承運(yùn)人或運(yùn)價(jià)公會(huì)這樣發(fā)貨人才能取得這種如無持續(xù)排他提供貨載就不給予的延期折扣回扣的承運(yùn)人或運(yùn)價(jià)公會(huì)約束了(捆綁了)。雖然長(zhǎng)期回扣遍接受。DeficitWeightTheweightbywhichashipmentislessthantheminimumweight.低限貨，無法滿足運(yùn)輸最低重量要/數(shù)量求的貨物。DelayinStartupInsuranceIsapolicytoprotectthesellerofaconstructionprojectfrompenaltiesiftheprojectisnotpletedontime.工程延誤保險(xiǎn)，工程延誤保險(xiǎn)是保護(hù)工程建筑商不會(huì)因工程不能按時(shí)完工受到處罰DeliveryInstructionsOrdertopickupgoodsatanamedplaceanddeliverthemtoapier.Usuallyissuedbyexportertotruckerbutmayapplytoarailroad,whichpletesdeliverybyland.UseislimitedtoafewmajorU.S.ports.Alsoknownasshippingdeliveryorder.交付(貨)指示。到指定地點(diǎn)提取貨物并交到碼頭的命令。要城市。也稱為貨運(yùn)交付命令/指示Deliveryorder(D/O)Adocumentauthorizingdeliverytoanominatedpartyofcargoesinthecareofathirdparty.Thedocumentisissuedbyacarrieroraforwarderonsurrenderofabillofladingandthenusedbythemerchanttotransfertitlebyendorsement.提貨單，交付命令。授權(quán)管理貨物的第三放向指定方交付貨物的文件。由承運(yùn)人或運(yùn)輸代理人在收回提單時(shí)簽發(fā)，然后貿(mào)易商通過背書進(jìn)行貨物交易(物權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)移)的文件DemurrageDemurrage，Compensation/Additionalchargeimposedforexceedingthefreetimewhichisincludedintherateandallowedfortheuseofcertainequipmentattheterminalpayablebytheshipperorreceivertothecarrier.(SeeDetentionandPerDiem)滯期費(fèi)，承