2021年四川省成都市高三第二次診斷考試英語試卷

2021年四川省成都市高三第二次診斷考試英語試卷學(xué)校: 姓名： 班級(jí)： 考號(hào)： 一、閱讀選擇NASA-sNewHorizonsprobe（宇宙探測器）flewbyPluto（冥王星）thismorning,sendingbackhistory'sfirstup-closelooksatthevastfreezing-coldworld.Closestapproachcameat7:49a.m.EDT.Tocelebrate,NASAgaveoutthelatestphotoofPluto.Itshowedareddishworldwithanamazingheart-shapedfeatureonitssurface.Aftertoday'scloseencounter,alltheninesolarsystem'straditionallyrecognizedplanetshavenowbeenvisitedbyaspaceship-ahugeprojectbegunin1962whenNASA'sMariner2probeflewpastVenus,aplanetinthesolarsystem.Morethanl,200scientists,NASAguestsandimportantpersons,including200reporters,watchedtheflybyliveatNewHorizons'missioncontrolcenter.Thatcloseencounterhasbeenalongtimecoming.The$723millionNewHorizonsmissionlaunchedinJanuary2006butbegantakingshapein1989."NewHorizonsis'acapstonemission',"GlenFountain,missionprojectmanagertoldSpace,com."Itisthefirstcompletionoftheobservationsofoursolarsystem.It-sgivingusanewideaabouthowwehumanbeingsfitintotheuniverse."NewHorizons"facedacrazynumberofchallenges,"Stern,adrivingforcebehindNewHorizonssaid,"Somanypeoplestuckwiththisforsolong.Theygotknockeddown;theystoodup.Theygotknockeddownagain;theystoodupagain.”Inacoincidence,today'scloseapproachfallsonthe50thanniversaryofthefirstflybyofMars,anotherplanet,whichwascompletedbyNASA-sMariner4spaceship.Therearenolongernineofficiallyrecognizedplanets,ofcourse.TheInternationalAstronomicalUnionregardedPlutoas“adwarfplanet"in2006inadecisionthatremainscontroversial（有爭議的）today.1．WhichstatementisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．IdeasstillvaryintheidentityofPluto.B．Onlyscientistscouldwatchtheflybylive.C．Marsisthefirstplanetvisitedbyaspaceship.D．NewHorizonsmissionaimedtoobservethesolarsystem.2．GlenFountainmayprobablyagreethat ．A．itisthemostdifficulttolandonPlutointhesolarsystemB．NewHorizonsmissionisalongandtroublesomeprojectC．theirstrongdeterminationleadstothesuccessfulflybyD．peoplearelikelytofindnewwaystofitintospace3．Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．ANewHorizonsProbeB．NASA'sHugeProjectC．Pluto,aControversialPlanetD．ACloseApproachtoPlutoHavingspringaroundmakesyoufeeldifferentaftersuchalongwinterjourney.Thepowerofsunshinebringsusalotofcomfort,optimism,self-confidenceandofcourseasmile.Imaginehowgreatitwillbeifwearesopositiveallyearround!Livinglikethisispossibleifyoureallythinkaboutit.Inordertoexistinsuchastateofhappiness,wemusthavesunshineradiatingfromwithinourselves,shiningfromourhearts,mindsandsouls.Actually，that’syourchoice,andifyouthinkthatwaythenyourownlifewillreflectthatattitudeofyours!Inordertomake“sunshine”orrather,“l(fā)ight”partofourbeing,itissoimportantthatyouwatchyourthoughts,yourwordsandyouractionssothatyouwillacceptwhatyoureallyfeelyou’dliketocreateinyourownlife.Watchyourthoughtsandreallybecomeawareofhowmanynegativethoughtspassthroughyourmindaboutyourselfandotherpeoplearoundyou.Watchtoseehowoftenyougossip（說閑話）aboutotherpeople,whichisactuallyoftenattachedwithfeelingsofjealousy（妒忌）andinsecurityaboutyourself.Youarealsosupposedtotakeacloselookatyour“intention”.Howmanyofyoudosomethingforanotherpersonwithoutexpectingtoreceivesomethinginreturn?Itmightnotevenhavetobeamaterialorphysicalthingyouexpect；expectingtoberecognizedforwhatyouhavedoneisenoughtocreateconditionsonHavingspringaroundmakesyoufeeldifferentyourintention.Thinkaboutit!Puttingallofthesetogether,itseemsthatmostofusarecreatingmonstersinsideusjustbysimplytalking,thinkingandnotputtingourheartoutwiththerightintentiontowardshelpingsomeoneelse.Ifyoutakeallyournegativeattitudesinonehandandmeasureyourneedtofeel“sunshine“intheother,youwillseehowboththeseelementsreallycontradicteachother.Bebraveandbreakyourpatternsandyourhabitsthisspring,andbydoingso，youwillallowthetruesunshinetotakeplacebyradiatingoutfromyourheartandintoyourlifeandthelivesofthepeoplearoundyou!.Youcanhavesunshineshiningfromyourinside.A．bymeasuringwhatyouneedB.byhelpingsomeoneelseC.bywatchingwhatyouthink,sayanddoD.bychangingyourintention.Accordingtothewriter,youdontfeelsecureaboutyourselfwhenyou.A.gossipaboutotherpeopleB.takeacloselookatyourintentionC.expecttoberecognizedforwhatyou’vedoneD.becomeawareofyournegativethoughts.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Expectingsomethinginreturnforourhelpisn’ttherightintention..Breakingourpatternsisthemostimportanttogettruesunshine.C.Ifwedon-tintendtohelpothers,wecreatemonstersinsideus.D.Negativeattitudeshavelittletodowithhappiness..Thepassageiswrittenmainlyto_ .A.stresstheimportanceofthepositivelifestyle.analyzetheintentionsandthoughtsinourmindC.offeradviceonhavingsunshinefromourinsideD.warnusaboutthebadeffectsofnegativeattitudesFace-bookchiefoperatingofficerSherylSandbergandAnnaMariaChavez,chiefofAmericanGirlScouts,areleadingacampaigntodiscouragetheuseoftheword"bossy".Doesthetermdestroytheconfidenceofyounggirls?Thecampaignclaimsthattermslike"bossy"areimproperlyappliedtofemales,preventingschoolgirlsfromseeingthemselvesasfuture"leaders".Fromitsfirstapplication,thewordhasbeendefinitelyconnectedmorewithwomenthanwithmenItfirstappearedin1882,accordingtotheOxfordEnglishDictionary,mentioning"aladymanagerwhowasextremelybossy.Aslateas2008,thewordappearedinreferencetofemalesfourtimesmoreoftenthanmales,claimtheBanBossycampaigners."Tome,thereferenceisalwaysinassociationwithwomen,"saysHelenTrim,directorofFreshMinds."Ihavethreebrothersandmyfamilystillcallme'bossy'today."Herfatheristheonlyotherfamilymemberwhocouldbeconsideredinthatway,saysTrim,butnobodywouldevercallhimso.Someeducatorsrecommendthatthewordshouldbereclaimed,ratherthanbanned."Butthethingwith'bossy'isthatthere-saninfantile（幼稚的）elementtoit,saysSaraMills,professoratSheffieldUniversity."Youthinkof'bossy'asbeinglikealittlekidwho'sclaimingmorethanhehastherighttoclaim."It'snotjust"bossy"underfire."Pushy"isanothertarget.Theimplicationisthatwomenshouldn'tpresentthemselvesaspowerfulandconfident,Millssuggests,whichsomewomenarewillingtolistentoandaccept.Trimpointsoutthatmanymodernfemalebusinessrolemodelsareabletobebosseswithoutbeinglabeled'bossy'.Andsherarely,ifever,hearsthewordusedwithinhercompany.Butshesaysthatthedamagemaybedonemuchearlierinawoman'slife."Itdoescomeaboutfromthoseearlyteenageyears."shesays."Ithinkit’simpossibletobanaword,butifpeoplearereplacingitwithwordslike'confidence'orassertiveness',wewouldallbeinamuchbetterplace."Moreevidenceisprovidedtoshow"bossy"ismoreappliedtofemalesby.A．theOxfordEnglishDictionaryB．theBanBossycampaignersC．HelenTrimatFreshMindsD．someexpertsineducationTrim'sfamilystillconsiderherbossybecause .A．sheisexpectedtoleadinherfamilyB．sheisthebossofhercompanyC．sheisapowerfulandconfidentfemaleD．herfatherconsidersherthatwayTheunderlinedpart"underfiremostprobablymeans.A．definitelyreplacedB.stronglycriticizedC.improperlyappliedD.eagerlyexpected11．Howdoestheauthorsoundwhenreferringtothecampaignagainst"bossy"?A．Objective. B．Angry.C．Doubtful D．Optimistic.Professionalfootballershaveworryinglypoorteeththatcouldbeaffectingtheirperformanceonthefootballground,saydentists.TheirstudyonplayersateightclubsinEnglandandWales,intheBritishJournalofSportsMedicine,showednearly4outof10hadcavities（蛀牙）andthatathletesoftenhadworseteeththanthegeneralpopulation.Regularlytakingsugaryfoodsisonepossibleexplanation.Thedentists,fromtheInternationalCentreforEvidence-BasedOralHealthatUniversityCollegeLondon,examined187players'setsofteeth.Theyfound53%haddentalerosion（腐蝕）,45%werebotheredbythestateoftheirteethand7%saiditaffectedtheirabilitytotrainorplay.Around40%hadcavities,comparedwith30%ofpeopleofasimilarageinthegeneralpopulation.ProfIanNeedleman,oneoftheresearchers,said:"Theseareindividualswhootherwiseinvestsomuchinthemselvessoit’sasurprisingfinding."Therearetwomaingroups-somehaveacatastrophiceffect,theyhaveveryseriousdiseasethatstopsthemintheirtracksandtheycannotplayortrain."ThereIlbeothersexperiencingpainaffectingsleeporsensitivityeverytimetheytakeadrink."Atthislevelofathlete,evensmalldifferencescanbequitetelling.Nutritionisoneoftheprimarysuspectswithhavingtoomanysugaryoracidicfoodsduringtrainingpotentiallyaccountingforcavitiesanderosion.Alotofairinthemouthduringexercisecanalsodryitoutsothereislessprotection.Whilethesefindingsareworrying,clubsareattachinggreaterimportancetodentalhealthandeducatingtheirplayers.AccordingtoStijinVandenbroucke,headofmedicineandsportsscienceatWestHamUnited,oralhealthisanareawheremanyathleteshavegreaterproblemsthanthegeneralpopulationandthereareclearbenefitsoforaldiseasepreventionforathletesandclubs.12．Whatdoesthepassagetellusaboutprofessionalfootballersteeth?A．Nearly4outof10playersintheUKsufferfromtoothaches.B．Theyhavebeeninvestedagreatdealbyindividualplayers.C．Manyplayers'poorteethbothertheircareeranddailylife.D．Britishfootballersteethareexaminedregularly.13．Whatmainlyresultsinprofessionalfootballers'poorteeth?A．Experiencingtoomuchtraining.B．Eatingfoodwithtoomuchsugar.C．Breathinginlotsofairduringexercise.D．Havinglittleeducationoforaldiseaseprevention.14．Thesefindingsareworryingclubsbecause .A．footballersaren’twillingtogiveupsugaryoracidicfoodB．they'vespentmuchontheirplayers'oraldiseasepreventionC．footballershavemoreserioustoothproblemsthanthepublicD．players'oraldiseasemayleadtobadperformanceingames15．Thispassageismostprobablytakenfrom .A．a(chǎn)dentist'sdiary B．a(chǎn)sportsnewspaperC．a(chǎn)medicinemagazine D．a(chǎn)sciencereport二、七選五SomepeopledescribeAmericansocietyasasaladbowlwhileothersthinkofitasameltingpot.Inabowlofsalad,alltheingredients（原料）aremixedtogether.16.Together,however,theingredientsmakeupaunity.Alltheingredientsofasaladcontributetothefinishedproduct.Theymaybecoveredwiththesamedressing（調(diào)味醬）,butthegreenvegetables,tomatoesandcookedcorncanallbeseenforwhattheyare.Fromthispointofview,Americaisverymuchlikeasaladbowlwhereindividualethnicgroupsmixtogether,yetmaintaintheirculturaluniqueness.Peoplemayworktogetherduringthedayatsimilarjobsandinthesamecompanies,butatnighttheymayreturntotheirethnicgroupswheretheirownindividualculturedirectstheirwayoflife.17.Eachethnicgrouphasitsownspecialcustoms,language,foodandtraditionstoprotectanddefend.Thisideaofthesaladbowlisreferredtoasculturaldiversity;thatis,Americansocietyisacollectionofvariouscultureslivingtogetherinharmonywithinonecountry.18.Here,societyislikeonelargepotofsoup.Allculturalaspectsaremixedtogether,sacrificingtheiroriginalidentityandkeepingabitofwhattheyweretobecomeanewreality.Thelongerthesoupiscooked,thebetterthetasteandthemorelikelyitwillbeforthemixturetobecooked.Inthissense,Americacansurelybeseenasameltingpotwherepeoplefromallovertheworldcometoliveandworktogethercreatingonenation.Therearedozensofsharedsymbols.19.Insuchaculture,symbolsliketheflagandthenation'sofficialsongservetobreakdownthewallswhichseparateethnicgroups.Whetherasaladbowlorameltingpot,Americacanbebestdescribedasamixtureofboth.20.A.Theyneverlosetheirshapes,colorsortastes.B.Bothareridiculous.C.ThisiswhythereissomuchdiversitywithinAmerica.D.Thus,oneneedstoabandonone’sculturetobeconsidered“American”.E.Inotherwords,Americaisanationwherethereisunityindiversity.F.Theothertheory,whichisalsousedtodescribeAmericansociety,isthemeltingpot.G.TheyservetodevelopthevariousethnicgroupstocreateanewAmericanculture.三、完形填空完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A.B.C和D）中，選出可填人空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。WhenIwaseight,Ihadtocrossacrime-filledneighborhoodtoschool.Nobodygotinvolvedwhentherewasa21 22,notevenifakillingwashappeningdirectlyacrossfromour:"What'sthat,Mom?Someoneisscreaming!""Turnoffthelight!StayIKeepyourvoicedown!"Momwould .Usually,1wouldseeothergirlsthatIknew,andIwouldcatchupandwewould45together.Alongthisroutewasanoldgreyhousewitha.Itnevercaughtmyattention23akindandlovelyelderlyladyuswithamusicalvoiceandasmile."Lookinmyappletree!"shesaid."DoyouseetheCedarWaxwings?"Well,Ihadneverknownwhatthewascalled.Myfriendsandlwould,,lookfortheoldladytoseeifshewas24.Shehadtakenthislittleyardandmadeitasmallparadiseofflowerbeds:s0 thatsheprobablyhadlivedthereformanyyears.Sheenjoyedourfrequentvisitsandtoldusallkindsofthingsaboutbirdsandnature.Wetoloveher.Butoneday,wedidn't25her.Thoughwelooked,therewasnevera_0fher:hergardenbegantolookandthegreynessofthehouseseemedtotakeoverthecolorfulmood.Oneofus26toopenthegateandknockedatthedoor,butthedearoldwomanwouldnevergreetusagain.Itwastobemyfirstexperiencewithdeath,thoughIdidn’tknowitthen,adeathtomychildhood27 .EverytimeI28abird,especiallyaCedarWaxwing,Ithinkofher.EverytimeIfaceahardship,Irememberhergraceanddignity.Her29intheoldhousemadeitbeautiful.21．A．gatheringB．celebrationC．murderD．crime22．A．schoolB．houseC．neighborhoodD．town23．A．a(chǎn)wakeB．lowC．a(chǎn)sleepD．a(chǎn)ctive24．A．replyB．shoutC．a(chǎn)nnounceD．whisper25．A．walkB．playC．fightD．study26．A．viewB．pondC．yardD．mystery27．A．untilB．whenC．becauseD．where28．A．beggedB． treatedC．orderedD．greeted29．A．fruitB．treeC．birdD．flower30．A．onceayearB．everyschooldayC．occasionallyD．rarely31．A．gardeningB．smilingC．readingD．watching32．A．old-fashionedB．establishedC．tidyD．large33．A．a(chǎn)greedB．expectedC．triedD．grew34．A．visitB．missC．seeD．love35．A．signB．storyC．memoryD．photo36．A．freshB．wildC．dirtyD．green37．A．promisedB．plannedC．threatenedD.dared38．A．pleasureB．innocenceC．independenceD．friendship39．A．a(chǎn)dmireB．drawC．keepD．catch40．A．deathB．LaborC．presenceD．interest四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下面材料，在空白處填人適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Asisknowntous.theyear2016hasoneextradayinit-February29th.Thisisbecauseit's41.wecall"aleapyear".Everyfouryears.theyearhas366daysin42.insteadof365.ItiscalledaleapyearbecausehundredsofyearsagoinEngland,theextradaywasn’t43.(legal)recognized.Thereisawell-knowntraditionintheUK44.(associate)with29thFebruary,introducedmanycenturiesago.Womenareallowedtobreakwithtraditionandpropose(求婚)totheirboyfriendsonthisday.Thisallstartedbackinthe45.(five)century,whenafamousIrishsaintmadea46.(complain)thatwomenhadtowaittoolongformentopropose.Accordingtothelegend,SaintPatricksaidanyfemaledreamingofaproposalcouldaskherboyfriendtomarryheronthisadditionaldayinFebruary.Thisso-calledtraditionwas47.(write)inlawinthethirteenthcentury.Scotlandpassedalawallowingwomentoproposetomeninaleapyear.Itwassaidthatifthemenrefused,theyhadtopayafine!Nowin2016,therearecalls48.29thFebruarytobecomeapublicholiday.Somepeoplebelievethatitshouldbean49.(office)dayoff,becausenoonegets50.(many)paymentsforworkinganextradayinaleapyear.Forthemomentthough,theBritishstillhavetogotoworkonthisday.五、短文改錯(cuò)六、提綱類作文

ijrtroducti<mto皿卿tobring?getthere?18a^e' / clothesorshoestowrear?getthere?參考答案1．A2．D3．D【分析】試題分析：本文是新聞報(bào)道類文章。文章介紹了科學(xué)家對太陽系行星的最新研究成果。.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章最后一段TheInternationalAstronomicalUnionregardedPlutoas“adwarfplanet"in2006inadecisionthatremainscontroversial（有爭議的）today.可知科學(xué)家對冥王星的分類依然存在分歧。所以A為正確選項(xiàng)。.D深層推斷題。從第三段It-sgivingusanewideaabouthowwehumanbeingsfitintotheuniverse."結(jié)合本段內(nèi)容可知D為正確選項(xiàng)。.D標(biāo)題選擇題。從第一段Closestapproachcameat7:49a.m.EDT.Tocelebrate,NASAgaveoutthelatestphotoofPluto.知D正確。考點(diǎn)：考查新聞報(bào)道類閱讀理解【名師點(diǎn)睛】說明文的閱讀技巧：先看題，并且非常認(rèn)真的理解每道題的意思，提取有用的信息，雖然一般并不容易只通過問題一下子就找出文章主題，但一定能找到跟主題有關(guān)的詞和信息，并且至少知道文章是在討論某個(gè)東西還是在敘述某件事，尤其是說明文，一般比較生澀，不容易理解，但是提前閱讀題目會(huì)使你感覺有的放矢，知道自己想要什么。另外，培養(yǎng)速讀能力以及閱讀的興趣，擴(kuò)大詞匯量，增強(qiáng)文化背景知識(shí)，盡可能涉獵交際功能強(qiáng)，實(shí)用性強(qiáng)的應(yīng)用文，如科普讀物，新聞報(bào)道，廣告說明等。這對于了解各種文化的共性和差異，更新自己的觀念，跟上時(shí)代的潮流，從而形成良好的文化意識(shí)則有所幫助。本文就是有關(guān)天文學(xué)方面的知識(shí)。科學(xué)家運(yùn)用高科技對太陽系有九大行星的觀點(diǎn)有了新的發(fā)現(xiàn)和突破。如果平時(shí)對天文學(xué)有所了解，并且經(jīng)常了解新聞的話，會(huì)對做本題有很大幫助?？键c(diǎn)：考查說明文閱讀理解.C.A.A7．C【分析】試題分析：本文是一篇?jiǎng)?lì)志性的議論文。文章介紹擁用積極心態(tài)的重要性和如何心中充滿陽光。C細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。從文章第三段的論述可以知道我們可以通過注意自己的言行舉止來獲得來自內(nèi)心的陽光。A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段Watchtoseehowoftenyougossip（說閑話）aboutotherpeople,whichisactuallyoftenattachedwithfeelingsofjealousy（妒忌）andinsecurityaboutyourself.可知A為正確選項(xiàng)。A深層推斷題。從第四段可以知道在幫助別人時(shí)期待回報(bào)是不正確的。Howmanyofyou（Iosomethingforanotherpersonwithoutexpectingtoreceivesomethinginreturn所以A為正確選項(xiàng)。C主旨大意題。從文章最后一段的總結(jié)可知本文的主旨就是給人們提供建議。...bydoingso,youwillallowthetruesunshinetotakeplacebyradiatingoutfromyourheartandintoyourlife所以C為正確選項(xiàng)?？键c(diǎn)：考查勵(lì)志論述性文章閱讀理解8.B9.C10.B11.A【分析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道類文章。文章介紹了臉書的首席執(zhí)行官等人發(fā)動(dòng)一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)不讓人們使用bossy一詞。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段Aslateas2008,thewordappearedinreferencetofemalesfourtimesmoreoftenthanmales,claimtheBanBossycampaigners可知,theBanBossycampaigners聲稱，直到2008年，這個(gè)詞出現(xiàn)在女性身上的頻率是男性的四倍。所以theBanBossycampaigners提供了更多的證據(jù)表明"bossy”一詞更多地用于女性。故選B項(xiàng)。.推理判斷題。由第二段"Ihavethreebrothersandmyfamilystillcallme'bossy'today."Herfatheristheonlyotherfamilymemberwhocouldbeconsideredinthatway,saysTrim和倒數(shù)第一段Theimplicationisthatwomenshouldn'tpresentthemselvesaspowerfulandconfident可知，Trim有三個(gè)兄弟，她的家人今天還叫她“專橫”。特里姆說，她的父親是唯一可以被這樣看待的家庭成員。這句話的意思是，女性不應(yīng)該表現(xiàn)得強(qiáng)大和自信。所以通過反向推理可以判斷出，Trim的家人仍然認(rèn)為她專橫是因?yàn)樗且粋€(gè)強(qiáng)大而自信的女性。故選C項(xiàng)。.詞句猜測題。由倒數(shù)第二段和最后段“Youthinkof'bossy'asbeinglikealittlekidwho'sclaimingmorethanhehastherighttoclaim."It'snotjust"bossy"underfire."Pushy"isanothertarget”可知，你認(rèn)為“專橫”就像一個(gè)孩子，他要求的比他有權(quán)得到得要多?！薄皩M”不僅僅是遭到強(qiáng)烈批評(píng)的目標(biāo)，“強(qiáng)人所難的”也是另一個(gè)遭到強(qiáng)力批評(píng)的目標(biāo)。所以通過上下文語境可以判斷出，underfire的意思為強(qiáng)烈批評(píng)。故選B項(xiàng)。.推理判斷題。由文章最后Ithinkit'simpossibletobanaword,butifpeoplearereplacingitwithwordslike'confidence'orassertiveness',wewouldallbeinamuchbetterplace.可知，作者認(rèn)為禁止一個(gè)詞是不可能的，但如果人們用“自信”或“果斷”之類的詞來代替它，這會(huì)更好的。所以通過關(guān)鍵詞“impossibletobanaword,'confidence'orassertiveness”可以判斷出，作者在提到反對“專橫”的運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選A項(xiàng)。12．C13．B14．D15．C【分析】試題分析：本文是一篇科普類文章。文章介紹了運(yùn)動(dòng)員中患有蛀牙和口腔疾病的比率比正常人群高的多，這種情況對他們的訓(xùn)練和運(yùn)動(dòng)生涯不利。.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段第一句Professionalfootballershaveworryinglypoorteeththatcouldbeaffectingtheirperformanceonthefootballground可知C為正確選項(xiàng)。.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第七段Nutritionisoneoftheprimarysuspectswithhavingtoomanysugaryoracidicfoodsduringtrainingpotentiallyaccountingforcavitiesanderosion可知B為正確選項(xiàng)。.D深層推斷題。由第四段Therearetwomaingroups-somehaveacatastrophiceffect,theyhaveveryseriousdiseasethatstopsthemintheirtracksandtheycannotplayortrain.結(jié)合最后一段可知D為正確選項(xiàng)。.C題材判斷題。A牙醫(yī)的日記；B體育保證；C醫(yī)學(xué)雜志；D科學(xué)報(bào)告。結(jié)合本文內(nèi)容可知這是一篇與醫(yī)藥有關(guān)的文章，所以C為正確選項(xiàng)。考點(diǎn)：考查科普類閱讀理解.A.C.F.G.E【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了美國社會(huì)就像一個(gè)大熔爐，來自世界各地的人們構(gòu)成了美國多元的社會(huì)。根據(jù)空格后Together,however,theingredientsmakeupaunity.可推測出，此段主要論述了雖然美國社會(huì)就像一碗沙拉，所有原料混合在一起，但各種原料卻沒有因此失去自己的特色，即我們能看到不同種類的文化組成現(xiàn)在的美國社會(huì)。所以B項(xiàng)符合語境。所以答案是A。根據(jù)空格后Eachethnicgrouphasitsownspecialcustoms,language,foodandtraditionstoprotectanddefend.可知每個(gè)民族都有自己要保護(hù)和保衛(wèi)的特殊的文化、語言、食物和傳統(tǒng)。由此可推斷出這里解釋了美國多元文化存在的原因。美國是一個(gè)多民族國家的原因是每一個(gè)少數(shù)民族都有自己的語言及風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣，所以答案是C。根據(jù)空后Here,societyislikeonelargepotofsoup.得知本段主要講述了美國社會(huì)被稱為meltingpot的原因，所以答案是F。根據(jù)空后Insuchaculture,symbolsliketheflagandthenation'sofficialsongservetobreakdownthewallswhichseparateethnicgroups.共同擁有的符號(hào)有助于消除不同民族之間的隔閡，創(chuàng)造出一種新文化。且They指代上文中的symbols。來自世界不同地方的人來美國生活定居，他們創(chuàng)造著美國的文化，所以答案是G。該段是對全文內(nèi)容的總結(jié)，即美國是一個(gè)具有多樣性和統(tǒng)一性的國家。E項(xiàng)是對前一句內(nèi)容的另一種表述。所以答案是E。21．D22．B23．B24．D25．A26．C27．A28．D29．C30．B31．A32．B33．D34．C35．A36．B37．D38．B39．A40．C【解析】試題分析：本文是一篇故事。文章講述了一位職場媽媽在兼顧自己工作的同時(shí)，盡力照顧好孩子。她對自己的決定不后悔，如果再次選擇還是會(huì)如此。工作的閑暇使她和孩子們更懂得珍惜一家人在一起的時(shí)光。2LD考查名詞辨析及語境理解。句意：當(dāng)犯罪發(fā)生時(shí)，沒有人介入，即使謀殺就發(fā)生在我們房子的對面。A.gathering聚集；B.celebration慶祝；C.murder謀殺；D.crime犯罪。前文中有crime-filled一詞，結(jié)合本句可知D為正確選項(xiàng)。B考查名詞詞義辨析及語境理解。句意：當(dāng)犯罪發(fā)生時(shí)，沒有人介入，即使謀殺就發(fā)生在我們房子的對面。A.school學(xué)校；B.house房子；C.neighborhood街坊，附近；D.town鎮(zhèn)。結(jié)合后文中我和媽媽的對話可知B為正確選項(xiàng)。B考查形容詞詞義辨析及語境理解。句意：關(guān)掉燈!呆的低一些！把聲音放低！A.awake醒著的；B.low低的；C.asleep睡著的；D.active活躍的。從后文中媽媽的話Keepyourvoicedown可知B為正確選項(xiàng)。D考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析及語境理解。句意：一一小聲點(diǎn)。一一媽媽往往會(huì)小聲說。A.reply回答；B.shout喊叫；C.announce宣布；D.whisper低語。結(jié)合前文可知D為正確選項(xiàng)。A考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析及語境理解。句意：通常，我看到其他我認(rèn)識(shí)的女孩時(shí)，我往往會(huì)趕上去然后我們一起走。A.walk走；B.play玩；C.fight打架；D.study學(xué)習(xí)。結(jié)合前文本地治安不好可知A為正確選項(xiàng)。C考查名詞詞義辨析及語境理解。句意：在這條路線的旁邊有一個(gè)帶院子的灰色舊房子。A.view觀點(diǎn)，視野；B.pond池塘；C.yard院子；D.mystery迷，秘密。從51空后面Shehadtakenthislittleyardandmadeitasmallparadiseofflowerbeds可知C為正確選項(xiàng)。A考查連詞詞義辨析及語境理解。句意：它從來沒有引起過我的注意直到一位善良可愛的老太太帶著音樂般的聲音和微笑向我們打招呼。A.until直到；B.when當(dāng)……的時(shí)候；C.because因?yàn)?；D.where哪里。根據(jù)句子的意思結(jié)合后文可知A為正確選項(xiàng)。D考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析及語境理解。句意：它從來沒有引起過我的注意直到一位善良可愛的老太太帶著音樂般的聲音和微笑向我們打招呼。A.begged祈求；B.treated對待；C.ordered命令；D.greeted歡迎，打招呼。從句中smile等詞可以推斷老太太是善意的，所以D為正確選項(xiàng)。C考查名詞詞義辨析及語境理解。句意：我從來不知道這種鳥叫什么。A.fruit水果；B.tree樹；C.bird鳥；D.flower花。從52空后一句Sheenjoyedourfrequentvisitsandtoldusallkindsofthingsaboutbirdsandnature.可知C為正確選項(xiàng)。30.B考查名詞詞義辨析及語境理解。句意：我和我的朋友往往會(huì)在上學(xué)的日子去尋找老太太，看看她是否正在花園里忙碌。A.onceayear每年一次；B.everyschoolday每個(gè)上學(xué)的日子；C.occasionally偶爾；D.rarely很少地。結(jié)合前文可知B為正確選項(xiàng)。31.A考查名詞短語詞義辨析及語境理解。句意：我和我的朋友往往會(huì)在上學(xué)的日子去尋找老太太，看看她是否正在花園里忙碌。A.gardening做園藝；B.smiling微笑；C.reading讀書；D.watching看。結(jié)合后文可知A為正確選項(xiàng)。32.B考查形容詞詞義辨析及語境理解。句意：她使這個(gè)小院子成為花床的天堂，安排的如此之好，看起來她好像已經(jīng)在這里住了很多年了。凡old-fashioned老式的；B.established被安排好的；C.tidy整潔的；D.large巨大的。所以B為正確選項(xiàng)。.D考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析及語境理解。句意：我們逐漸愛上了她。A.agreed同意；B.expected期待；C.tried努力；D.grew生長，逐漸變得。結(jié)合前文可知D為正確選項(xiàng)。.C考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析及語境理解。句意：但是有一天，我們沒有看到她。A.visit拜訪；B.miss思念，錯(cuò)過；C.see看到；D.love愛。結(jié)合后文可知C為正確選項(xiàng)。35.A考查名詞詞義辨析及語境理解。句意：盡管我們看過了但是沒有她出現(xiàn)的跡象。A.sign跡象；B.story故事；C.memory記憶；D.photo照片。所以A為正確選項(xiàng)。36.B考查形容詞詞義辨析及語境理解。句意：她的花園看起來荒涼了而且房子的灰色開始代替心情的色彩。A.fresh新鮮的；B.wild野外的；荒涼的；C.dirty臟的；D.green綠色的。結(jié)合前文沒有看到老太太可知B為正確選項(xiàng)。37.D考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析及語境理解。句意：我們中有人敢于打開院門然后敲了門，但是這個(gè)親愛的老奶奶再也不會(huì)歡迎我們了。A.promised許諾；B.planned計(jì)劃；C.threatened威脅；D.dared敢。結(jié)合前文可知D為正確選項(xiàng)。38.B考查名詞詞義辨析及語境理解。句意：那是我第一次經(jīng)歷死亡，盡管當(dāng)時(shí)我并不直到死亡對天真的我來說意味著什么。A.pleasure快樂；B.innocence天真，清白無辜；C.independence獨(dú)立；D.friendship友誼。所以B為正確選項(xiàng)。.A考查動(dòng)詞的用法及語境理解。句意：每次我欣賞一只鳥，尤其是一只太平鳥，我都會(huì)想起她。A.admire欽佩，欣賞；B.draw畫；C.keep保持，保存；D.catch抓住。結(jié)合前文可知A為正確選項(xiàng)。.C考查名詞短語詞義辨析及語境理解。句意：每次我面對困難，我都會(huì)記起她的優(yōu)雅和自尊。她在老房子里的存在使房子變得美麗。A.death死亡；B.Labor勞動(dòng)；C.presence存在；D.interest興趣。所以C為正確選項(xiàng)。考點(diǎn)：考查記敘文完形【名師點(diǎn)睛】完形填空技巧：1.做完形填空試題時(shí)，根據(jù)整體文意選擇，比較忌諱看一個(gè)空填一個(gè)空。這樣做，盡管所選的詞，可能從語法和詞義上都比較合適，但由于缺乏對整篇文章的了解，可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)一連串選詞錯(cuò)誤，造成這些句子的句意與全篇文章的意思不和諧，甚至出現(xiàn)前后矛盾的現(xiàn)象。比如本文的第41小題因?yàn)榍拔闹杏衏rime-filled一詞，所以在這一空我們就選則crime；47,48兩個(gè)小題出現(xiàn)在同一句話中，我們必須考慮到句子中已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)的信息詞，如kvely,kind，smile從而得出老太太是心存善意的向我們打招呼。這些題都要結(jié)合上下文才能做出正確選擇。.平時(shí)多閱讀英語文章，增強(qiáng)語感。在閱讀的過程中要注意知識(shí)的積累，特別要加強(qiáng)對語言感受力的培養(yǎng)。完形填空不是單句填空，要求通過一定的語境線索進(jìn)行分析，所以只有通過大量的閱讀，增強(qiáng)語感和對語言的敏感程度。.多閱讀文章，了解不同類型英語文章的風(fēng)格。考試中雖然只有一篇完形填空，但選材范圍很廣。所以平日應(yīng)廣聞博記，熟悉各種不同文體、不同題材，以及不同語言風(fēng)格的文章。41．what42．it43．legally44．a(chǎn)ssociated45．fifth46．complaint47．written48．for49．official50．more【解析】試題分析：本文屬于說明文，介紹了2021年的2月29日成為了額外多出來的一天，人們呼吁把這一天設(shè)成公共假期。what考查表語從句。本句中what引導(dǎo)表語從句，并在句中作為動(dòng)詞call的賓語。句意：這是因?yàn)槲覀儼?021年成為閏年。it考查代詞。動(dòng)詞it常指上文提到的同一事物，表示特指。本句中的it就是指本句主語theyear。43.legally考查副詞。在英語中副詞通常做狀語修飾形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞或整個(gè)句子。本句中使用副詞legally修飾謂語動(dòng)詞wasn'trecognized。associated考查形容詞。本句中形容詞短語associatedwithFebruary做定語，修飾名詞短語awell-knowntraditionofifth考查序數(shù)詞。名詞短語thefifthcentury第五世紀(jì)；如果使用基數(shù)詞，后面要使用復(fù)數(shù)名詞。complaint考查名詞。橫線前有冠詞a修飾，我們橫線上應(yīng)該使用名詞作make的賓語，動(dòng)詞complain的名詞是complaint。waswritten考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。本句時(shí)間狀語是inthethirteenthcentury,這是一個(gè)過去時(shí)間，且主語與動(dòng)詞write構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以使用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)waswritten.for考查不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)為：forsb/sthtodosth；該短語在句中做定語修飾calls。句意：有人呼吁把2月29日當(dāng)成公共假日。official考查形容詞。橫線后有名詞day,說明橫線上應(yīng)使用形容詞，名詞office的形容詞形式為official.more考查比較級(jí)。句意：一些人認(rèn)為這一天應(yīng)該是一個(gè)公共假日,因?yàn)闆]有人因?yàn)檫@額外地多工作一天而獲得更多的報(bào)酬。根據(jù)句意可知使用比較級(jí)形式more?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】本文【小題2】考查了代詞it的用法。it是考查頻率最高的代詞，還有另外幾個(gè)類似的代詞，如that,one,those等。他們的用法如下：that,it,one,ones,those,theone(s)等都可以用作代詞，但它們所指代的情況不同。(1)it通常用來指代上文提到過的那個(gè)事物，表示特指概念，即指代同一物。(2)one表示泛指概念，替代可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式。其復(fù)數(shù)形式ones也表示泛指概念，用來替代可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。theone(s)也是替代可數(shù)名詞，但表示特指概念。(3)that既可以用來指代不可數(shù)名詞，又可以用來指代可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式，表示特指概念，相當(dāng)于“the+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。(4)those用來指代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示特指概念，相當(dāng)于“the+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”結(jié)構(gòu)。它是that(指代可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時(shí))的復(fù)數(shù)形式。(5)當(dāng)that或those在句中指代事物時(shí)，它們的后面通常使用一些后置定語，如：Littlejoycanequalthatofasurprisingendingwhenyoureadstories.(that指代不可數(shù)名詞joy)特別提醒：(1)that只能代替事物不能代替人(定語從句除外)，one既可代替事物也可代替人。(2)“物主代詞+own”之后不能加one。(3