經濟術語解釋及其縮寫

--#-理順企業(yè)的產權關系rationalizethepropertyrightsrelationshipsofenterprises政策性虧損policy-relatedloss三角債chaindebts上不封頂，下不保底setnoceilinglimitandgivenominimumguarantee企業(yè)”工效掛鉤"linktotalpayrollwiththeperformanceofanenterprise生意興隆/冷淡Businessisbooming/sluggish質量信得過單位qualitytrustworthyorganization批量生產massproduction以銷定產limitproductiontomarketability內聯企業(yè)inlandassociatedenterprises菜籃子工程shippingbasketproject國產化percentageofhome-madeparts配套改革coordinatedreforms配套措施supportingmeasures配套工程auxiliaryproject國內配套資金domesticfunds向基礎工業(yè)傾斜的政策policyinfavorofbasicindustry升級換代upgradingandupdating看好經濟增長thinkhighlyofeconomicgrowth行情看好Favorableprice/marketcanbeexpected.行情看漲/跌anticipatelowermarketprice/risingprice隨行就市fluctuateinlinewithmarketconditions片面追求發(fā)展速度seekanundulyhighgrowthrate在過渡時期inaperiodoftransition粗放/集約經營extensive/intensiveoperation基礎地位leadingposition門類齊全coveringextensivefields存款/貸款余額thebalanceofdeposits/loans夕卜匯儲備foreignexchangereserves貿易順差tradesurplus完善的市場和發(fā)達的金融體制well-establishedmarketandsophisticatedfinancialsystem消滅失業(yè)wipeoutunemployment降低過熱的期貨市場，恢復金融秩序cooldowntheover-heatedfuturemarketandrestorefinancialorder緊縮銀根tightenthemoneysupply一位數水平onedigitlevel保持雙邊貿易的平衡balancethetwo-waytrade這次會議為兩國進一步加強持續(xù)的經濟聯系奠定了堅實的基礎。Thismeetinglaidasoundfoundationforthetwocountriestoforgeenduring/lastingandconstant/continuouseconomicties.市場疲軟amarketslump庫存積壓overstockedproducts國家指令性計劃statemandatoryplanning統(tǒng)一定價unifiedpricesetting國家統(tǒng)配物資materialsallocatedbystate貨幣發(fā)放theissueofcurrency規(guī)范價格秩序standardizethepriceorder簡化流通環(huán)節(jié)，增加隨機檢查simplifycirculationandaddmorerandomchecks市場機制開始發(fā)揮調節(jié)作用。Themarketmechanismsarebeginningtoplaytheirregulatoryrole.由于該暗補為明補，糧食購銷同價。Grainsarepurchasedandsoldbythesamepricebecausecoveredallowancesareturnedintoopenallowance.導致價格持續(xù)增長的一個重要因素在于物價的逐步放開及價格結構調整。Animportantfactor（contributingto/resultingin）substantialpricehikesliesinthegradualliftingofpricescontrolandthestructuraladjustmentofprices,折舊費depreciationcost關系民生的產品productsvitaltothepeople'slivelihood供大于求oversupply供不應求shortsupply經濟過熱overheatedeconomy抑制炒房地產熱stemfrenziedandspeculativetradinginthepropertymarket宏觀調控macro-economiccontrol經濟杠桿economiclevers產業(yè)政策industrialpolicy財政，稅收，信貸，利率，匯率publicfinancing，taxation，credit，interestrate，exchangerate提高經濟效益enhanceeconomicperformance/returns社會效益socialeffect/returns實現持續(xù)、穩(wěn)定、協(xié)調的發(fā)展bringaboutsustained，stableandcoordinateddevelopment財政赤字（盈余）budgetdeficit（surplus）外貿出口總額grossforeignexportvalue外商直接投資協(xié)議金額contractedforeigndirectinvestment實際利用夕卜資foreigninvestmentinactualuse三資企業(yè)（中外合資合作、外商獨資經營）threekindsofenterpriseswithforeigninvestment：sino-foreignjointventure， contractualjointventure允許外商獨資經營allowfullforeignequityoperation優(yōu)惠條件confessionalterms；favorableterms減免稅收taxreductionandexemption合作方式approachestocooperation出資方式meansofcontributinginvestment合營期限contracttermofajointventure三來一補（來料加工，來件裝配，來樣加工）processingandcompensationtrades（processingwithmaterialsorgivensamples， assemblingsuppliedcomponents）貿易伙伴tradepartner轉口貿易transittrade外貿順差foreigntradesurplus積極引進外來資金、技術、人才和管理經驗activelyintroducecapital，technology,competentprofessionalsandmanagerialexpertiseformoutside交鑰匙工程turn-keyproject招標承包制biddinginvitationcontractsystem招標出售技術bidsfortechnology公開招標callforbid；tenders招標單invitation