外研高中英語必修三-Module6-Grammar課件

Module6OldandNewModule6OldandNewNon-definingattributiveclauses非限制性定語從句Non-definingattributiveclaus1.Whichoftheattributeclausescontaininformationaboutthesubjectandwhichcontainextrainformation?2.Ifyoutakeawaytheattributeclauses,dothesentencesstillmakesense?Whyorwhynot?Readthefollowingsentencesandthinkaboutthequestions:1.Whichoftheattributeclau1)ThepoweroftheYangtzeRiver,whichistheworld’sthirdlongestriver,hasbeenharnessedbytheThreeGorgesDam.2)TheThreeGorgesDam,whichisthebiggestconstructionprojectinChinasincethebuildingoftheGreatWallandtheGrandCanal,hasbeenbuilttocontrolfloodingandprovidehydro-electricpowerforthecentralregionofChina.1)ThepoweroftheYangtzeRi3)MaoZedongwroteapoeminwhichhedreamedof“wallsofstonetoholdbackcloudsandrain”.4)Morethanamillionpeoplewholivedintheregionhavemovedfromtheirhomes.3)MaoZedongwroteapoemin觀察下面句子，試著歸納非限制性定語從句的用法及關系詞。1)Mrs.Smith,whohasalotofteachingexperience,willbejoiningusinthespring.2)Mary,who/whomweweretalkingaboutearlier,hasjustwalkedin.3)ThewinnerwasaBrazilianplayer,

whosenameIhaveforgotten.4)Thedam,whichisthebiggestintheworld,is3,830metreslong.觀察下面句子，試著歸納非限制性定語從句的用法及關系詞。5)Youlentmesomemoney,whichIneverrepaidyou.6)Oneoftheboyskeptlaughing,whichreallyannoyedJane.7)In1963wemovedtoBoston,wheremygrandparentslived.8)TheQueen’slastvisitwasinMay,

whensheopenedthenewhospital.5)Youlentmesomemoney,whi定語從句分為限制性定語從句和非限制

性定語從句兩種：限制性定語從句緊跟先行詞,與先行詞之間一般不加_____;非限制性定語從句與主句之間通常用______分開,

是先行詞的附加說明，去掉了也不會影響主句的意思。逗號逗號總結定語從句分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句兩種：逗號逗號引導非限制性定語從句的關系代詞有as,which,who,whom,whose等，作定語從句的________________。關系副詞有when,where等，作定語從句的_____。關系代詞和關系副詞在定語從句中一般不能省。主語、賓語、定語狀語引導非限制性定語從句的關系代詞有as,which,whoDifferencesbetweentheAttributiveClausesandNon-definingAttributiveClauses.Lookatthefollowingsentencesandtellthedifferencesbetweenthem.DifferencesbetweentheAttrib1.Hisfather,whoworksinBeijing,camebackyesterday.

他在北京工作的父親昨天回來了。2.Shanghai,whichisinEastChina,isdevelopingquickly.中國東部的上海正迅速發(fā)展著。1.Hisfather,whoworksinBeConclusion1當先行詞是地名、人名、世界上獨一無二的事物或家庭唯一成員時，通常只用非限制性定語從句修飾。Conclusion1當先行詞是地名、人名、世界上獨一無二1.Ihaveasisterwho/thatworksinahospital.

我有一位在醫(yī)院工作的姐姐。

（不只一位姐姐）2.Ihaveasister,whoworksinahospital.我有一位姐姐,她在醫(yī)院工作。

（只有一位姐姐）1.Ihaveasisterwho/that3.Themagazinesherewhich/thathavenicepicturesinthemwerewrittenbyhim.里面有漂亮圖畫的那些雜志是他編寫的。4.Themagazineshere,whichhavenicepicturesinthem,werewrittenbyhim.所有的雜志都是他編寫的,里面都有漂亮的圖畫。3.Themagazinesherewhich/Conclusion21.限制性定語從句與先行詞關系密切是先行詞不可缺少的部分,如果去掉它,主句意思往往不明確。2.非限制性定語從句是對先行詞的___________,去掉它也不會影響主句的意思。補充或說明Conclusion21.限制性定語從句與先行詞關系密切1.Thisisthehouse(which/that)weboughtlastmonth.這是我們上個月買的那幢房子。2.Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.這房子很漂亮,是我們上個月買的。1.Thisisthehouse(which/t3.HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant,whichgreatlyupsetsme.他似乎沒領會我的意思,這使我心煩。3.HeseemsnottohavegraspeConclusion31.限制性定語從句可以由關系代詞、關系副詞來引導,關系代詞作賓語時

________省略。2.非限制性定語從句既可修飾_______,又可修飾_________,不可用that引導且關系代詞_______省略。可以先行詞整個主句不可以Conclusion31.限制性定語從句可以由關系代詞、1.as和which在引導非限制性定語從句時,as和which可代替整個主句,相當于andthis或andthat。這兩個關系代詞都可指代主句所表達的整個意思,且在定語從句中都可以作主語和賓語。Johnsaidhe’dbeenworkingintheofficeforanhour,whichwastrue.Asweallknow,heisgoodatEnglish.1.as和which在引導非限制性定語從句時,as和w2.as和which引導非限制性定語從句的不同之處在于:as引導的定語從句可置于_____,而

which引導的定語從句不可放在_______。句首句首2.as和which引導非限制性定語從句的句首句首1.Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,______cameasasurprise.2.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,______wasmorethanwecouldexpect.3.__isexpected,theEnglandteamwonthefootballmatch.AswhichwhichExercisesI.Fillintheblankswithwhichor

as.1.Alicereceivedaninvitatio4.Itrainedhardyesterday,_____preventedmefromgoingtothepark.5.___wecansee,thesmokecamefromthelittledustbin.whichAs4.Itrainedhardyesterday,_Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers,____,ofcourse,madetheothersenvyhim.A.whoB.that C.whatD.whichII.Choosethebestanswers.Helenwasmuchkindertohery2.Thereweredirtymarksonhertrousers____shehadwipedherhands.A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that3.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool.Itisnolongerwhatitwas20yearsago,____itwassopoorlyequipped.A.whenB.whichC.whatD.that2.Thereweredirtymarksonh4.TheBritisharenotsofamiliarwithdifferentculturesandotherwaysofdoingthings,_____isoftenthecaseinothercountries..A.itB.thatC.asD.so4.TheBritisharenotsofami5.Mr.SmithwillmoveintohisnewhousenextSunday,___itwillbecompletelyfinished.A.bythetimeB.onthattimeC.onwhichD.bywhichtime6.Haveyouseenthefilm“Titanic”,___leadingactorisworld-famous?A.itsB.it’sC.whoseD.which5.Mr.Smithwillmoveintohi7.–Isthereadepartmentstorearound___Icangetabirthdaypresentformydaughter?–Yes,justacrossthestreet.A.hereBwhichC.whereD.it7.–Isthereadepartmentsto1.①Thisisoneofthemostinterestingfilms___shownlastweek.②Thisistheveryoneofthemostinterestingfilms___shownlastweek.

A.whichwasB.thatwas

C.whichwereD.thatwereBDIII.Compareandchoosethebestanswers.1.①Thisisoneofthemosti2.①Hehastwosons,____arecollegestudents.②Hehastwosons,and__arecollegestudents.

A.bothofwhichB.bothofwhom

C.bothofthemD.bothofitCB2.①Hehastwosons,____are

3.①Hestilllivesintheroom__windowfacestotheeast.②Hestilllivesintheroom,thewindow__facestotheeast.③Hestilllivesintheroom__isinthenorthofthecity.④Hestilllivesintheroom__thereisabeautifultable.

A.whichB.whoseC.whereD.ofwhichDBAC3.①Hestilllivesinthero4.①___weallknow,Chinaisrichinnaturalresources.②___iswell-knownthatChinaisrichinnaturalresources.③___iswell-known,Chinaisrichinnaturalresources.A.WhichB.AsC.ItD.ThatBCB4.①___weallknow,Chinais5.①Isthismuseum___hevisitedlast

month?②Theteachertellsusthat___cleans

theblackboardistobepraised.A.thatB.theoneC.whichD.theonewhoBD5.①Isthismuseum___hevisContractionofattributiveclauses定語從句的縮略形式ContractionofattributiveclaaImetamanmygrandfatherworkedwiththirtyyearsago.bImetamanwhomygrandfatherworkedwiththirtyyearsago.cIwantedtovisitthehousethatmygrandparentslivein.dThebuswhichItookbacktomybirthplacewasfullofvisitorsforotherpartsofChina.Readthefollowingsentencesandanswerthequestions.aImetamanmygrandfatherw1Dothefirsttwosentencesmeanthesamething?2Inthefirsttwosentences,whoisthesubjectortheverbwork—themanorthegrandfather?3Canthewordsthatandwhichberemovedfromthethirdandfourthsentenceswithoutchangingthemeaning?Yes,theydo.Thegrandfather.Yes,theycan.1Dothefirsttwosentencesm有些定語從句可以縮略為各種短語，如分詞短語、形容詞短語、名詞短語、介詞短語及動詞不定式短語等，且句意不受影響。我們稱這一語法現(xiàn)象為定語從句的縮略。總結有些定語從句可以縮略為各種短語，如分詞短語、形容詞短語、名詞有些定語從句可直接略去作主語的關系代詞(who,which,that)和部分謂語(am,is,are,were)等，從而使之縮略為現(xiàn)在分詞短語或過去分詞短語作__________。e.g.1)Iknowthemen(whoare)sittinginthatcar.2)Theboyshelpedthepeople(thatwere)hurtintheaccident.3)Theproblem(whichis)botheringeverybodyisthelackofmoney.4)Thebook(thathasbeen)giventohimisanEnglishnovel.后置定語有些定語從句可直接略去作主語的關系代詞(who,which有些定語從句不能按上述方法直接縮略，而需變動詞為分詞。這類定語從句一般縮略為現(xiàn)在分詞短語，且在縮略時要考慮現(xiàn)在分詞的時態(tài)和詞態(tài)特征。e.g.Themanwhoownsthatcarwillbefinedforillegalparking.→Themanowningthatcarwillbefinedforillegalparking.有些定語從句不能按上述方法直接縮略，而需Bill,whohadtakenchemistryinhighschool,offeredtohelphim.→Bill,havingtakenchemistryinhighschool,offeredtohelphim.Bill,whohadtakenchemistryCrossouttherelativepronounswherepossible.1.Theycomefromavillagethatwassubmergedinthereservoir.can’tremove“that”2.Therearemanypeoplewhoprefertoliveinvillages.can’tremove“who”Crossouttherelativepronoun3.Thedamthatwesawinthefilmwasn’ttheThreeGorgesDam.canremove“that”4.I’vegotabookthathaslotsofinformationaboutZiguiCounty.can’tremove“that”3.Thedamthatwesawinthe5.ThestudentsthatImetnearthereservoirwerefromVietnam.canremove“that”6.IreceivedanemailfrommycousinwholivesneartheThreeGorgesDam.can’tremove“who”5.ThestudentsthatImetneaMakeeachpairofsentencesintoonesentence.Example:Themountainisthehighestintheregion.Weclimbedit.Themountainweclimbedisthehighestintheregion.Makeeachpairofsentencesin1.Thedamprovidesalargeamountofpower.Theybuiltitontheriver.Thedam(which/that)theybuiltontheriverprovidesalargeamountofpower.1.Thedamprovidesalargeam2.Thepowerstationwasverymodern.Wevisitedit.Thepowerstation(which/that)wevisitedwasverymodern.3.Thevillageisnearthelake.Mygrandparentsusedtoliveinit.Thevillage(which/that)mygrandparentsusedtoliveinisnearthelake.2.Thepowerstationwasvery4.TheboatwentfromWuhantoZigui.Itookit.Theboat(which/that)ItookwentfromWuhantoZigui.4.TheboatwentfromWuhanto1.Whateverisleftovermaybeputintotherefrigerator,____itwillkeepfortwoorthreeweeks.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.while2.JuliawasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allof____shespokefluently.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.thatCCExercises1.Whateverisleftovermayb3.Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhouses_____arebuiltclosetoeachother.A.they

B.whereC.what

D.that4.Thatevening,_____Iwilltellyoumoreaboutlater,Iendedupworkingverylate.

A.that

B.whichC.what

D.whenDB3.Theoldtownhasnarrowstr5.Aftertheflooding,peoplewer