必修二：Unit+1+Section+Ⅲ Grammar-限制性定語從句+Word版含答案

好好努力夢(mèng)想終會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)好好努力夢(mèng)想終會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)#SectionfflGrammar限制性定語從句語境自主領(lǐng)悟先觀察原句后自主感悟1.Therewasnotmuch(that)wecoulddowhenitwasraining.2?Thatisallthatworks.3.Whoisthegirlthathegavetheflowerto?4?TheladyIwrotethepoemforwasmysister.5?Thisisthegreatwritertowhomourteacherwasreferring.6?Hereceivedtheemail(that)hewaslookingforwardto.1?例句1先行詞much和例句2先行詞all后用that，不用which,作定語從句的賓語時(shí)可以省略。2?例句3、4中關(guān)系代詞作動(dòng)詞的間接賓語時(shí)，用to或for，無關(guān)系代詞時(shí)，也要用to或for。3?例句5中介詞置于從句之首，關(guān)系代詞whom之前。4?例句6中定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞如果是以介詞結(jié)尾的短語動(dòng)詞，則不可把介詞移至從句之首。限制性定語從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意義。這種從句與主句的關(guān)系十分密切，書寫時(shí)不可用逗號(hào)分開。非限制性定語從句只是對(duì)先行詞作附加補(bǔ)充說明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清晰完整。這種從句與主句的關(guān)系不是很密切，書寫時(shí)往往用逗號(hào)分開。非限制性定語從句一般不用that引導(dǎo)。Doyouknowthegirlwhojustcamein?你認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)剛剛進(jìn)來的女孩嗎？（若把從句去掉，則不明白是哪個(gè)女孩）Theoldwoman，wholivesonherown，hasacatforcompany.這個(gè)老婦人一個(gè)人住，養(yǎng)了一只貓陪伴她。（若把從句去掉，仍然知道是哪個(gè)老婦人）[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練1]單句語法填空Myhouse,whichIboughtlastyear,hasgotalovelygarden.Theboythat/whobrokethewindowiscalledTom.一、只用that不用which的情況1．先行詞是不定代詞all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none等或者先行詞被不定代詞所修飾時(shí)。Doyouhaveanythingthatyouwanttosayforyourself?你有什么要為自己說的嗎？2．先行詞被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)或theonly,thevery（恰恰,正好）,thelastall,no,few,little,any等修飾時(shí)。ThisisoneofthemostexcitingfootballgamesthatIhaveeverseen.這是我見過的最激動(dòng)人心的足球比賽之一。Thisistheonlythingthatwecandonow.這是我們現(xiàn)在唯一能做的事情。3．先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)。Thescientistandhisachievementsthatyoutoldmeaboutareadmiredbyusall.你告訴我的那位科學(xué)家和他所取得的成就為我們所有人所欽佩。4．當(dāng)先行詞在主句中作表語,而關(guān)系代詞也作表語時(shí)。Shanghaiisnolongerthecitythatitusedtobe.上海不再是過去的那座城市了。5．當(dāng)主句的主語是疑問詞who或which時(shí)。Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?站在門口的那個(gè)人是誰？[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練2]單句語法填空Hewaslookingpleasantlyatthechildrenandparcelsthatfilledhisbus.HereisthebookaboutwhichItoldyouyesterday.Thisisthebestwaythatistobeusedagainstpollution.二、只用which不用that的情況1．引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers，which，ofcourse，madetheothersenvyhim.海倫對(duì)她最小的兒子比對(duì)其他的兒子好得多，這當(dāng)然使其他的兒子很嫉妒她的小兒子。2．關(guān)系代詞充當(dāng)介詞的賓語，且介詞位于關(guān)系代詞之前。ThisisthehouseinwhichLuXunoncelived.這是魯迅曾住過的房子。3．引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾前面的整個(gè)主句，代替主句所表示的整體或部分概念。Theresultwasnotthesameastheyhadexpected，whichwasratherdisappointing.結(jié)果與當(dāng)初預(yù)料的不一樣，這令人很失望。[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練3]單句語法填空Tomcameback,whichmadeusveryhappy.ThehouseinwhichIusedtolivehasbecomeashoeshop.三、宜用who不宜用that的情況當(dāng)先行詞是指人的不定代詞時(shí)，如：one,ones,anyoneoAnyonewhodoesthatmustbemad.誰那樣做都一定是瘋了。當(dāng)先行詞是I,you,he,they等人稱代詞時(shí)（常用于諺語中）。Hewhodoesn'treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.不到長城非好漢。當(dāng)先行詞為指人的those時(shí)。Thosewhohavegoodmannerswillbehighlyrespected.那些有禮貌的人會(huì)受到人們的高度尊重。在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中,先行詞是指人的名詞時(shí)。Thereisayoungmanwhowantstoseeyou.有一個(gè)年輕人想見你。［即時(shí)訓(xùn)練4］單句語法填空Doyouknowtheoneswhomovedhererecently?Theywholivelongestwillseemost.Thosewhowereonceforhimhaveturnedagainsthim.四、關(guān)系代詞作介詞的賓語關(guān)系代詞作介詞的賓語時(shí)，為了使關(guān)系代詞與先行詞的關(guān)系更加緊湊，可以將從句中的介詞提到關(guān)系代詞前，形成“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。該結(jié)構(gòu)中的關(guān)系代詞可用which，whom或whose。介詞的選用根據(jù)先行詞與介詞的搭配習(xí)慣來確定。先行詞往往是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、方式等的詞，它與介詞之間有一定的聯(lián)系。Doyoustillrememberthedaysduringwhichweworkedtogether?你還記得我們?cè)谝黄鸸ぷ鞯哪切┤兆訂?？根?jù)定語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞或形容詞確定介詞。該動(dòng)詞或形容詞常與某些介詞構(gòu)成固定搭配。Thesocialproblemaboutwhichthetwosidesaredebatingwitheachotherisaveryseriousone.(debatewithsb.about...就……與某人展開辯論)雙方正在展開辯論的社會(huì)問題是很嚴(yán)重的一個(gè)問題。［名師點(diǎn)津］關(guān)系代詞作間接賓語時(shí)，用to或for。ThegirlthatTomgavethedictionarytoisverypretty.湯姆給她字典的那個(gè)姑娘很可愛。Iknowtheboywhomyouboughtawhitehatfor.我認(rèn)識(shí)你給他買白帽子那個(gè)男孩。根據(jù)句子的意思確定介詞。有些句子，先行詞完全一樣，定語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞也不是固定的動(dòng)詞短語。這時(shí)，需要根據(jù)句子所要表達(dá)的意思選用不同的介詞。Waterisofgreatimportance，withoutwhichpeoplecannotlive.水是很重要的，沒有它人們就無法生存。Thisisthebookaboutwhichyouhavetalkedtome.這是你曾經(jīng)給我談起的那本書。ThisisthebookonthecoverofwhichthereisamapofChina.這是封面上有張中國地圖的那本書。［名師點(diǎn)津］有些以介詞結(jié)尾的短語動(dòng)詞，如lookfor，lookafter，sendfor，callon，comeacross，longfor等，不可拆開把介詞置于關(guān)系代詞之前。Thedoctorthatyousentforhasnotcomeyet.你派人去請(qǐng)的那個(gè)醫(yī)生還沒有來。Thisisthebabywhomyouwilllookafter.這就是你將要照看的那個(gè)嬰兒。［即時(shí)訓(xùn)練5］單句語法填空Hisbrother,withwhomIwenttothepark,tookalotofpicturesthere.EnglishisoneofthemostinterestingsubjectsinwhichI'minterested.Hebrokehisglasses,withoutwhichhecan'tseeanything.五、關(guān)系代詞的省略關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語時(shí),通?？梢允÷?。Theman(whom/who)yousawjustnowisourmanager.你剛才見到的那個(gè)人是我們的經(jīng)理。Isthereanything(that)Icandoforyou?有什么我能為你效勞的嗎？［即時(shí)訓(xùn)練6］請(qǐng)用正確的關(guān)系代詞填空并用括號(hào)標(biāo)出可以省略的關(guān)系代詞Thisisthemostinterestingstory(that)Ihaveeverread.Heoftenhelpsthestudentswhohethinksarenotquickattheirstudy.Whowasthewoman(that)youweretalkingwith?單句語法填空ThisisthestudentforwhomIboughtabook.ThisistheshipbywhichIwenttoShanghai.Isthisthecarforwhichyoupaidahighprice?Thisisthepilotwithwhommyfatherhasworkedfortenyears.WhatisthefirstAmericanfilmthatyouhaveseen?Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.Shedescri