2022屆福建省福州市高三3月高中畢業(yè)班質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語試題（教師版含解析）

2022年3月福州市高中畢業(yè)班質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語試題注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15B.￡9.18C.￡9.151.Whyistheman’sphonebroken?A.Thebatterydied.B.Ithaswaterdamage.C.Hedroppeditontheground.2.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?A.Turnonafan.B.Leavetheoffice.C.Setoffthealarm.3.Howmanypeoplewillbeatdinner?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.4.Whatkeptthewomanawakelastnight?A.Thestorm.B.Thetemperature.C.Therepairsofthepower.5.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Eatingvegetables.B.Shoppingforfruit.C.Pickingflowers.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whydoesthewomancall?A.Tobookatable.B.Torescheduleaninterview.C.Toapplyforapart-timejob.7.Whatwillthewomandoat2:30thisafternoon?A.Attendaclass.B.Meetthemanager.C.Workinarestaurant.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdoweknowaboutthegirl?ASheisalwaysbored.B.Shemissesherfamily.C.Sheisbusythisweekend.9.Whendidthegirlseeherfamilylasttime?A.Onaholiday.B.Onherbirthday.C.Atarelative’swedding.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Childeducation.B.Petmanagement.C.Noisedisturbance.11.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeakers’newneighbors?A.Theyhavethreekids.B.Theyhaveabigapartment.C.Theyoftenkeeptheirdogsin.12.Howwillthespeakersprobablydealwiththeproblem?A.Speakwiththeirneighbors.B.Talkwiththeotherresidents.C.Sendamessagetotheirneighbors.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inastudio.B.Inalibrary.C.Inamuseum.14.WhendidRonaldmeetAnsel?A.Whilefishingonaboat.B.Whilewalkingthroughthewoods.C.Whilerelaxingonthetopofamountain.15.WhatmadeRonaldwanttolearnfromAnsel?A.Thatheknewthebestspots.BThathehadapassionforart.C.Thathehadawealthofinformation.16.WhoisRonald?A.Adesigner.B.Aphotographer.C.Anhistorian.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.HowdidtheDoggerlandpeoplemakealiving?A.Byhunting.B.Byfarming.C.Bytrading.18.WhooftenfindtheevidenceofDoggerland?A.Scientists.B.Fishermen.C.Historians.19.Whichmodernissuedoresearcherswarnusabout?A.Climatechange.B.Immigration(移民).C.Pollution.20Whatisthemainsubjectofthetalk?A.TheUK’sancientfloodstories.B.ThedangeroffloodingintheUK.C.AncientfloodedlandofftheUKcoast.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)、滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWiththeattractivesceneryandthepossibilityofamonster(怪物)sighting,LochNessistheoneofthoseraredestinationsthatengageseveryone.UrquhartCastleCapturedbyEdward1in1296,thisprizedcastlechangedhandsbetweentheScotsandEnglishonseveraloccasions.Thoughruinedtoday,it’sstillpossibletoclimbtheGrantTowerandvisitthebattlementsandprisoncells.Acafeandvisitorcentreoffermodernfacilitiesinhistoricsurroundings.TheLochNessCentreForthosewhowishtodigestthecompletehistoryofLochNess,thiscentreisparticularlygoodatdocumentingthehistoryofthismysteriousstretchofwater,includingmanyattemptstosearchforNessie,theinfamousmonster.Italsoholdscuriousartifacts(古器物)suchasthedivingsuitwornbyLloydScottwhenheundertookhisunderwatermarathon.TheClansmanCentreAtthesouthendofLochNess,thisattractionuncoversthetruthsurrounding18th-centuryfamilylife.AudiencemembersgettheopportunitytoputonHighlanddressandthere’sademonstrationonhowweaponswereused.ThepresentationstakeplacewithintherecreatedinteriorofaHighlandhouse,addingatmosphereandauthenticity(真實(shí)).SouthLochNessTrailThis36-milerouteinviteshikersalongthequietersouthsideofLochNess,passingthroughthreevillages,andtakingintheFallsofFoyers.Walkershikeamixofminorroadsandforesttracks,withhighlightsincludingSuidheViewpoint(amountainousviewat1,200feet).Ifitsoundstooeasygoing,thenconsidertheLochNess360°Trailinsteadforamorechallenging,80-mileroute.1.WhichplacebestsuitsvisitorsinterestedinNessie?A.UrquhartCastle. B.TheLochNessCentre.C.TheClansmanCentre. D.SouthLochNessTrail.2.WhatisspecialabouttheClansmanCentre?A.Itprovidesagenuinescene. B.Itdisplaysfascinatingscenery.C.Itexhibitsentertainingartifacts. D.Itpossessesmodernconveniences.3.Whichofthefollowingwouldatouristchooseifhewantstochallengehimself?A.SeekingtheFallsofFoyers. B.Walkingalongthequieterside.C.HikingtheLochNess360°Trail. D.Searchingamixofminorroadsandtracks.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹有著迷人的風(fēng)景和怪物的可能性的尼斯湖各景點(diǎn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“ForthosewhowishtodigestthecompletehistoryofLochNess,thiscentreisparticularlygoodatdocumentingthehistoryofthismysteriousstretchofwater,includingmanyattemptstosearchforNessie,theinfamousmonster.”(對(duì)于那些想了解尼斯湖水的完整歷史的人來說，這個(gè)中心尤其擅長記錄這片神秘水域的歷史，包括許多尋找臭名昭著的尼斯湖水怪的嘗試。)可知，TheLochNessCentre最適合對(duì)尼斯湖水怪感興趣的游客。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段“AudiencemembersgettheopportunitytoputonHighlanddressandthere’sademonstrationonhowweaponswereused.ThepresentationstakeplacewithintherecreatedinteriorofaHighlandhouse,addingatmosphereandauthenticity.”(觀眾們有機(jī)會(huì)穿上高地服裝，還有一場(chǎng)關(guān)于如何使用武器的演示。這些展示會(huì)在一棟高地住宅的內(nèi)部重建中進(jìn)行，增加了氣氛和真實(shí)性。)可知，在TheClansmanCentre中，盡量在揭示了18世紀(jì)家庭生活的真相，布置還原當(dāng)時(shí)情景。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章最后一段“Walkershikeamixofminorroadsandforesttracks,withhighlightsincludingSuidheViewpoint(amountainousviewat1,200feet).Ifitsoundstooeasygoing,thenconsidertheLochNess360°Trailinsteadforamorechallenging,80-mileroute.”(步行者徒步行走的地方有小道和林間小路，亮點(diǎn)包括SuidheViewpoint(海拔1200英尺的山景)。如果聽起來太隨和，那么考慮LochNess360°Trail，這是一個(gè)更有挑戰(zhàn)性的80英里的路線。)可知，LochNess360°Trail更具有挑戰(zhàn)性。故選C項(xiàng)。BTracyGarrettwastheMrFix-itofavillagewhereIlivedfortwoyears.Iheardaboutmysteriousdoingsofhislatewife,Minnie.Therewerestoriesofsomeonewhohadgotintotroubleaproperamountofmoneywouldcure,andeachendedonthesamestrangenote:“Minnieisinhockagain.”Itriedtotalkwithlocalstosolvethemystery.Butatanewcomer’sspyingcuriosity,thevillagersalwaysavoidedtheissuewithNewEnglandreservation.Itleftmecompletelyinthedark.SoonIbeganhavingtroublesofmyown.Mydaughterhadanexpensiveoperation,butthemoneyIhadcountedondidn’tcomein.OnedayGarrettcametofixmysink,whichneverworkedproperly.Workingsilentlyforawhile,helookedatmeandsaid,“Understandyou’vebeenhavingalittletrouble.”Iwasfeelingbitter,butstilltalkeditout.“Thenit’stimeyoumetMinnie,”hesaiddecisively.Ifeltabitscaredandwaspreparedforanything,butallthathappenedwasthathetookoutatired-looking$1000bank-note.Roughlyprintedonitwas:MINNIE.“AllyoudoistakeMinnietothebankandputherupforloanforanyamountupto$1000.Youpaythebanktheirregularrateofinterest,andthenMinniecomesbacktome.”Hecontinued.“Minnielovedthisvillage,andshewantedtokeeponhelpingpeopleaftershewasgone.”Ibegantounderstandwhythetownfolkhadbeensosecretive.Theydidn’tknowwhetherIcouldbetrustedwithasecretsoprecious.ThoughImovedawaylater,IwouldliketobelieveMinnieisstillincirculation(流通).Minniestrikesmeasthekindofwomanwhogoesonforever.4.WhowasTracyGarrett?A.Abanker. B.Adoctor. C.Arepairman. D.Agardener.5.WhatisPara.2mainlyabout?A.LittlewasreservedforMinnie. B.“I”failedtouncoverthemystery.C.Thelocalswerecuriousaboutnewcomers. D.Minniewastalkedaboutalotinthevillage.6.Howdid“I”getoutofthetrouble?A.HetookMinnietothebank. B.HeturnedtoGarrettforhelp.C.HeborrowedmoneyfromMinnie. D.HeloanedonMinnie’sguarantee.7.Whichofthefollowingbestconveysthemessage?A.Kindnessisthekeythatunlockstheheart.B.Hewhoplantskindnessgatherslove.C.Alittlekindnessgoesalongway.D.Itisingivingthatwereceive.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。講述作者在困境中的得到已去世的Minnie夫人幫助的故事?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“TracyGarrettwastheMrFix-itofavillagewhereIlivedfortwoyears.”(TracyGarrett是我住了兩年的一個(gè)村子里的修理工。)以及后文“OnedayGarrettcametofixmysink,”(有一天Garrett來修我的水槽)可知，Garrett是一個(gè)修理工。故選C項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】主旨大意題。由文章第二段“Itriedtotalkwithlocalstosolvethemystery.Butatanewcomer’sspyingcuriosity,thevillagersalwaysavoidedtheissuewithNewEnglandreservation.Itleftmecompletelyinthedark.”(我試圖與當(dāng)?shù)厝私徽勔越忾_謎團(tuán)。但在一個(gè)新來者的窺探好奇心下，村民們總是用新英格蘭的保留意見的傳統(tǒng)來回避問題。這讓我完全不知所措。)可知，第二段主要講作者試圖解謎，但是當(dāng)?shù)卮迕窆室獗荛_，結(jié)果作者一無所獲。故選B項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章倒數(shù)第三段““AllyoudoistakeMinnietothebankandputherupforloanforanyamountupto$1000.Youpaythebanktheirregularrateofinterest,andthenMinniecomesbacktome.”Hecontinued.“Minnielovedthisvillage,andshewantedtokeeponhelpingpeopleaftershewasgone.””(“你要做的就是把Minnie帶到銀行，讓她貸款，金額不超過1000美元。你向銀行支付他們的正常利率，然后Minnie回到我身邊?！彼又f?！癕innie喜歡這個(gè)村子，她想在離開后繼續(xù)幫助人們?！?可知，作者后面是用Minnie的名義保證，到銀行貸到款而解決問題的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“ThoughImovedawaylater,IwouldliketobelieveMinnieisstillincirculation.Minniestrikesmeasthekindofwomanwhogoesonforever.”(雖然我后來搬走了，但我還是相信Minnie還在流通。Minnie給我留下的印象是，她是一個(gè)永遠(yuǎn)還存活著的女人。)可知，作者通過這件事，永遠(yuǎn)記住了Minnie，記住了她的友善和恩惠。所以推斷Minnie將永遠(yuǎn)銘記在她幫助過人的心里并受愛戴。所以B項(xiàng)Hewhoplantskindnessgatherslove(種下善意的人會(huì)得到愛)符合題意。故選B項(xiàng)。CWhenIsteppedintotheSamcheongParkLibraryinSeoul,Isawthefuture.Thesimplebuildinghadaniceselectionofbooksandacafewherereaderscouldenjoycoffeewhilegazingattheleavesoutside.Itwasspecificallydesignedwithoutanylatesttechnology.“What’ssoinnovativeaboutthat?”alibrarianinTorontoaskedwhenIshowedherpictures.Innovationtohermeantdigitaltechnology,like3Dprinters.“Whycouldn’ttheybothbeinnovative?”Iasked.Weareconstantlytoldthatinnovationisthemostimportantforceinoureconomy,withoutwhichwewouldbeleftbehind.Butthatfearofmissingouthasledustofallintothefalsetrappingsofinnovationovertrulyinnovativeideasthatmaybesimplerandmoreeffective.Thismindsetimpliesthatifyoujustbuythenewthing,youhaveinnovated!Eachyear,businessesandindividualsrunaroundlikebrokentoyrobots,tryingtofigureouttheirstrategyforthelatestbuzzwordequipment.Atbest,thisisawasteofresources.Devicesarebought,usedandabandoned,asthetechnology’scapabilitiesfallshortofitspromise.Butatitsworst,thisapproachcantrulycausedamage.Schoolscutfieldtripstopurchasetabletswithfewprovenbenefits.CompaniesthatappliedA.I.intohiringhaveactuallystrengthenedgenderandracialprejudices.Trueinnovationisn’tjustsomemagicdevices.Itisacontinuingprocessofreflectionandreassessment,whichoftenmeansadopting“old”ideasandtoolsinanewcontext,orevenreturningtomethodsthatworkedinthepast.Adjustedproperly,theserearview(后視的)innovationshaveprovedastransformativeasnoveltechnologies.LooknofartherthanthestreetsofNewYork,whichhavebeenredesignedrecentlytoaccommodatecyclistswithcar-freezones.Theideaisn’tnew.Itwascreatedhalfacenturyago,withtheaimofbringingcitiesbacktotheirresidents.Andwhilee-readersaleshavebeenexploding,Penguinjustannounceditwouldpublishtinyprintedbooks,anidealsolutionforamarketdemandingbothconvenienceandphysicality.8.Whyisalibrarianmentioned?A.Tosetanexample. B.Tociteanauthority.C.Tomakeaprediction. D.Topresentanargument.9.Whatdoestheunderlined“buzzword”meaninPara.3?A.Fashionable. B.Affordable. C.Practical. D.Imaginative.10.Whatdoesthewriteragreewithaboutinnovation?A.Wastedresourcesleadtoinnovation. B.Magicdevicesencourageinnovation.C.Innovationshouldbehuman-centered. D.Thepoweroftechnologyisundervalued.11.Whatisprobablythebesttitleofthetext?A.InnovationIsNotThatExpensive B.FutureLiesinReturningtothePastC.SomeBestIdeasAreintheRearviewMirror D.Innovation:theMostImportantForceinEconomy【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文，主要論述的是什么是真正的創(chuàng)新?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的““What’ssoinnovativeaboutthat?”alibrarianinTorontoaskedwhenIshowedherpictures.Innovationtohermeantdigitaltechnology,like3Dprinters.“Whycouldn’ttheybothbeinnovative?”Iasked.(“這有什么創(chuàng)新之處?”當(dāng)我給多倫多的一位圖書管理員看照片時(shí)，她問道。對(duì)她來說，創(chuàng)新意味著數(shù)字技術(shù)，比如3D打印機(jī)。“為什么它們不能都創(chuàng)新呢?”我問。)”可知，作者和這位圖書管理員對(duì)創(chuàng)新的看法不一致，因此提到圖書管理員的目的是為了提出論點(diǎn)，即到底什么是真正的創(chuàng)新，答案是Topresentanargument，故選D?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段的“Thismindsetimpliesthatifyoujustbuythenewthing,youhaveinnovated!(這種心態(tài)意味著，如果你只是買了新東西，你就已經(jīng)創(chuàng)新了！)”可知，很多人認(rèn)為如果買了新的東西，就意味著創(chuàng)新了，因此每年，企業(yè)和個(gè)人都試圖為最新的時(shí)髦設(shè)備制定策略，因此劃線詞buzzword的意思是“時(shí)髦的”，即Fashionable，故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Itisacontinuingprocessofreflectionandreassessment,whichoftenmeansadopting“old”ideasandtoolsinanewcontext,orevenreturningtomethodsthatworkedinthepast.(這是一個(gè)不斷反思和重新評(píng)估的過程，這通常意味著在新的環(huán)境中采用“舊的”思想和工具，甚至回到過去有效的方法。)”可知，創(chuàng)新是要在新環(huán)境中用不斷反思，用“舊的”思想和工具，也就是要以人為本，故選C?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是倒數(shù)第二段的“Trueinnovationisn’tjustsomemagicdevices.Itisacontinuingprocessofreflectionandreassessment,whichoftenmeansadopting“old”ideasandtoolsinanewcontext,orevenreturningtomethodsthatworkedinthepast.Adjustedproperly,theserearview(后視的)innovationshaveprovedastransformativeasnoveltechnologies.(真正的創(chuàng)新不只是一些神奇的設(shè)備。這是一個(gè)不斷反思和重新評(píng)估的過程，這通常意味著在新的環(huán)境中采用“舊的”思想和工具，甚至回到過去有效的方法。經(jīng)過適當(dāng)調(diào)整，這些后視鏡創(chuàng)新被證明與新技術(shù)一樣具有變革性。)”可知，本文主要論述的是什么是真正的創(chuàng)新，即用過去的方法，根據(jù)環(huán)境進(jìn)行反思和重新評(píng)估，也就不會(huì)那么昂貴，因此A選項(xiàng)“InnovationIsNotThatExpensive(創(chuàng)新不是那么昂貴的)”，故選A。DEyesaresaidtobethewindowtothesoul—butresearchersatGoogleseethemasindicatorsofaperson’shealth.AstudysuggeststhatGoogle’scomputerscanpredictwhethersomeoneisatriskofaheartattackbyanalyzingaphotographoftheirretina(視網(wǎng)膜).Theresearchreliedonaconvolutionalneuralnetwork,atypeofdeep-learningalgorithm(算法)thatistransforminghowbiologistsanalyseimages.Google’sapproachispartofawaveofnewdeep-learningapplicationsthataremakingimageprocessingeasierandcouldevenidentifyoverlookedbiologicalphenomena.Theapproachtookoffinthetechsectoraround2012,butscientistsstruggledtoapplythenetworkstobiology,inpartbecauseofculturaldifferencesbetweenfields.“Takeagroupofsmartbiologistsandputtheminaroomofsmartcomputerscientistsandtheywilltalktwodifferentlanguagestoeachother,andhavedifferentmindsets,”saysDaphneKoller,chiefcomputingofficeratCalico.However,throughyearsofstudy,somescientistshaveseenashiftthathasneverhappenedbeforeinhowwellmachinelearningcanaccomplishbiologicaltasksthathavetodowithimaging.Othersaremostexcitedbytheideathatanalysingimageswithconvolutionalneuralnetworkscouldunknowinglyrevealunnoticeablebiologicalphenomena,encouragingbiologiststoaskquestionstheymightnothaveconsideredbefore.Suchdiscoveriescouldhelptoadvancediseaseresearch.Ifdeeplearningcanrevealmarkersofcancerinanindividualcell,itcouldhelptobringaboutnewassumptionsabouthowcancerspreads.Othermachine-learningexpertsinbiologyhavesettheirsightsonnewfrontiers,nowthatconvolutionalneuralnetworksaretakingflightforimageprocessing.“Imagingisimportant,butsoischemistryandmolecular(分子)data,”saysAlexWolf,acomputationalbiologist.Wolfhopestoimproveneuralnetworkssothattheycananalysegeneexpression.“Ithinktherewillbeaverybigbreakthroughinthenextfewyears,”hesays.12.Whatdoweknowaboutaconvolutionalneuralnetwork?A.Itcanpredictdiseases. B.Itisalearningmachine.C.Itcantransformimages. D.Itisanimageprocessor.13.WhatcanweinferfromDaphneKoller’swords?A.Barriersexistincertainfields. B.Scientistshavedifferentresearchaims.C.Characterspreventscientificcooperation. D.Technicallimitationisthebiggestchallenge.14.Withfurtherstudyofconvolutionalneuralnetworks,______.A.manybiologicalquestionsgetansweredB.itdrivesbiologiststoexplorethefieldwidelyC.imageanalysiscangoonwithoutbeingnoticedD.manydeep-learningapplicationshavebeenimproved15.Whatisimpliedinthelastparagraph?A.Neuralnetworksarepromising. B.Itisconvenienttoprocessimages.C.Itisnecessarytoworkonnewfrontiers. D.Analyzinggeneexpressionisimperfect.【答案】12.A13.A14.B15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要講述卷積神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)在圖像處理領(lǐng)域的興起和應(yīng)用?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“Eyesaresaidtobethewindowtothesoul—butresearchersatGoogleseethemasindicatorsofaperson’shealth.AstudysuggeststhatGoogle’scomputerscanpredictwhethersomeoneisatriskofaheartattackbyanalyzingaphotographoftheirretina”(據(jù)說眼睛是通向靈魂的窗口，但谷歌的研究人員將其視為一個(gè)人健康的指標(biāo)。一項(xiàng)研究表明，谷歌的計(jì)算機(jī)可以通過分析一個(gè)人的視網(wǎng)膜照片來預(yù)測(cè)他是否有心臟病發(fā)作的風(fēng)險(xiǎn))以及第二段“Theresearchreliedonaconvolutionalneuralnetwork,atypeofdeep-learningalgorithmthatistransforminghowbiologistsanalyseimages.Google’sapproachispartofawaveofnewdeep-learningapplicationsthataremakingimageprocessingeasierandcouldevenidentifyoverlookedbiologicalphenomena.”(這項(xiàng)研究依賴于卷積神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，這是一種深度學(xué)習(xí)算法，正在改變生物學(xué)家分析圖像的方式。谷歌的方法是新一輪深度學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)用程序的一部分，這些應(yīng)用程序使圖像處理變得更容易，甚至可以識(shí)別被忽視的生物現(xiàn)象。)可知，aconvolutionalneuralnetwork是一種深度學(xué)習(xí)算法，可用來幫助預(yù)測(cè)人是否有疾病。故選A項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第三段“Theapproachtookoffinthetechsectoraround2012,butscientistsstruggledtoapplythenetworkstobiology,inpartbecauseofculturaldifferencesbetweenfields.”(這種方法在2012年左右在科技領(lǐng)域開始流行，但科學(xué)家們難以將這種網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用于生物學(xué)，部分原因是不同領(lǐng)域之間的文化差異。)可推知，后文DaphneKoller舉例的那一段話就是為了說明論證前面culturaldifferencesbetweenfields，說明在不同領(lǐng)域會(huì)存在的文化不同，形成交流障礙。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第四段“Othersaremostexcitedbytheideathatanalysingimageswithconvolutionalneuralnetworkscouldunknowinglyrevealunnoticeablebiologicalphenomena,encouragingbiologiststoaskquestionstheymightnothaveconsideredbefore.”(另一些人則最為興奮的是，使用卷積神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析圖像可能會(huì)在不知不覺中揭示不可見的生物現(xiàn)象，從而鼓勵(lì)生物學(xué)家提出他們以前可能沒有考慮過的問題。)可推知，卷積神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析圖像可能會(huì)讓生物學(xué)家更深入廣泛地探索他們的領(lǐng)域。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段““Imagingisimportant,butsoischemistryandmoleculardata,”saysAlexWolf,acomputationalbiologist.Wolfhopestoimproveneuralnetworkssothattheycananalysegeneexpression.“Ithinktherewillbeaverybigbreakthroughinthenextfewyears,”hesays.”(“成像很重要，但化學(xué)和分子數(shù)據(jù)也很重要，”計(jì)算生物學(xué)家亞歷克斯·沃爾夫說。沃爾夫希望改進(jìn)神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，使其能夠分析基因表達(dá)?！拔艺J(rèn)為未來幾年將會(huì)有一個(gè)非常大的突破，”他說。)可推知，神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)將有一個(gè)很有錢途的將來。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ifyouhavebeendiagnosedwithpanicdisorder,thenyouhavelikelyexperiencedconstantfearandanxiety.Researchhasshownthatusingrelaxationtechniquescanhelpreducenervousness.Somecommontechniquesincludebreathingexercisesoryoga.___16___Anotherpowerfuloneisvisualization,whichcanhelpyourelievestress.Itinvolvesusingmentalimagerytoachieveamorerelaxedstateofmind.Similartodaydreaming,visualizationisaccomplishedthroughtheuseofyourimagination.Therearereasonswhyvisualizationcanhelpyoucopewithpanicdisorderorpanicattacks.___17___Whenexperiencingapanicattack,yourmindmayfocusontheworry,theworstthingsthatcanhappenandotherconcernsthatonlyaddtoyoursenseoffearfulness.Visualizationworkstoexpandyourabilitytorelaxbyfocusingyourmindonmorecalmingimages.Beforevisualization,makesureyourenvironmentissetupforyourcomfort.Tobetterrelax,getridofanydistractions(干擾),suchasphones,petsorTV.___18___Removeanyheavyjewelryorrestrictingclothing.Getreadytorelaxbyeithersittingorlyingdowninapositionthatfeelsmostcomfortabletoyou.___19___Feelfreetochangeittobettersuityourneedsandimagination.___20___Throughregularpractice,youwillmoreeasilybeabletousevisualizationwhenyoureallyneedit,suchaswhenyoustartfeelingthephysicalsymptomsofpanicandanxiety.A.Takeyourtimeandslowlyopenyoureyes.B.Thenyoumaybeginyourvisualizationexercise.C.Ifthescenedoesn’tfityou,tryyourownvisualization.D.Theyarerelativelyeasytolearnandcanbepracticeddaily.E.Considerhowyourthoughtswanderwhenyoufeelpanicoranxiety.F.Trytofindaquietplacewhereyouwillmostlikelybeundisturbed.G.Togetbetteratvisualization,trypracticingatleastseveraltimesaday.【答案】16.D17.E18.F19.C20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了有助于緩解緊張的放松技巧——視覺化?！?6題詳解】上文“Somecommontechniquesincludebreathingexercisesoryoga.(一些常見的技巧包括呼吸練習(xí)或瑜伽。)”說明常見的放松技巧有呼吸練習(xí)或瑜伽，結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，這些都是人們普遍使用的放松技巧，容易上手并可每天練習(xí)，D項(xiàng)“Theyarerelativelyeasytolearnandcanbepracticeddaily.(它們相對(duì)容易學(xué)習(xí)，可以每天練習(xí)。)”與上文構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系，且句中“They”指代上文“breathingexercisesoryoga”，上下文語意連貫。故選D項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】上文“Therearereasonswhyvisualizationcanhelpyoucopewithpanicdisorderorpanicattacks.(視覺化能幫助你應(yīng)對(duì)恐慌癥或恐慌發(fā)作是有原因的。)”提出視覺化有助于應(yīng)對(duì)恐慌癥或恐慌發(fā)作是有原因的，根據(jù)邏輯常識(shí)可知，下文應(yīng)說明具體原因是什么，E項(xiàng)“Considerhowyourthoughtswanderwhenyoufeelpanicoranxiety(想想當(dāng)你感到恐慌或焦慮時(shí)，你的思想是如何游離的。)”與下文“Whenexperiencingapanicattack,yourmindmayfocusontheworry,…”(當(dāng)經(jīng)歷恐慌發(fā)作時(shí)……)一起解釋了視覺化為什么能應(yīng)對(duì)恐慌癥，上下文語意連貫。故選E項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】由上文“Beforevisualization,makesureyourenvironmentissetupforyourcomfort.Tobetterrelax,getridofanydistractions,suchasphones,petsorTV.(在進(jìn)行視覺化之前，請(qǐng)確保您的環(huán)境設(shè)置得舒適。為了更好地放松，擺脫任何干擾，比如電話、寵物或電視。)”可知，該段為說明與環(huán)境有關(guān)的內(nèi)容，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Trytofindaquietplacewhereyouwillmostlikelybeundisturbed”(盡量找一個(gè)安靜的地方，你很可能不會(huì)被打擾。)為對(duì)上文內(nèi)容的總結(jié)，上下文語意連貫。故選F項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】上文“Getreadytorelaxbyeithersittingorlyingdowninapositionthatfeelsmostcomfortabletoyou.(準(zhǔn)備好放松，要么坐著，要么躺著，找一個(gè)你覺得最舒服的姿勢(shì)。)”說明要選擇合適的場(chǎng)景，結(jié)合下文“Feelfreetochangeittobettersuityourneedsandimagination.(您可以隨意更改它，以更好地滿足您的需求和想象。)”中“changeit”可推知，設(shè)空句中場(chǎng)景不合適，C項(xiàng)“Ifthescenedoesn’tfityou,tryyourownvisualization.(如果這個(gè)場(chǎng)景不適合你，試試你自己的想象。)”與此推論一致，上下文語意連貫。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】下文“Throughregularpractice,youwillmoreeasilybeabletousevisualizationwhenyoureallyneedit,…(通過定期的練習(xí)，當(dāng)你真的需要時(shí)，你會(huì)更容易地使用視覺化……)”提到定期的練習(xí)，G項(xiàng)“Togetbetteratvisualization,trypracticingatleastseveraltimesaday.(為了更好地視覺化，試著每天至少練習(xí)幾次。)”講要定期訓(xùn)練，上下文語意連貫。故選G項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Onceuponatime,myfatherandIgotlostinaforestinFrance.Imusthavebeenabouttwelveorthirteen.Anyway,itwasbeforethetimewhenmostpeople___21___amobilephone.ItwasintheLoireValley.Abouthalfanhour,mydad___22___thetruth.“Oh,itseemsthatwe’relost.”Wewalkedaroundandaroundincircles,tryingtofindthepath,___23___withnoluck.Icouldtellmydadwasstartingto___24___,evenashewastryingtohideitfromme.Wehadbeenintheforestforhoursthenandbothknewmymomwouldbeinastateofabsolute___25___.Atschool,IhadjustbeentoldthestoryofthehikerswhohaddiedinthewildernessandIfounditeasyto___26___thatwouldbeourfatetoo.“Ifwekeepgoingina___27___linewe’llgetoutofhere,”mydadsaid.Andhewasright.___28___weheardthesoundofcarsand___29___amainroad.Wewereelevenmilesfromthevillagewherewehad___30___,butatleastwehadsignposts.AndIoftenthinkofthatstrategy,whenIamtotally___31___—literallyormetaphorically(比喻).IthoughtofitwhenIwasinthemiddleofa___32___,whenmyheartbeatrapidlywith___33___anddidn’tknowhowIcouldcarryonliving.Walkingonefootinfrontoftheother,inthesame___34___,willalwaysgetyoufurtherthanrunningaroundincircles.It’saboutthe___35___tokeepwalkingforward.21.A.owned B.borrowed C.invented D.promoted22.A.revealed B.realized C.told D.faced23.A.all B.if C.yet D.so24.A.complain B.erupt C.regret D.panic25.A.terror B.anger C.disappointment D.loss26.A.decide B.announce C.imagine D.clarify27.A.simple B.short C.straight D.similar28.A.Regularly B.Eventually C.Surprisingly D.Generally29.A.chose B.missed C.followed D.reached30.A.setoff B.passed C.calledat D.lived31.A.lost B.sensitive C.angry D.stuck32.A.term B.race C.performance D.breakdown33.A.excitement B.surprise C.fear D.interest34.A.way B.cycle C.direction D.distance35.A.ambition B.determination C.inspiration D.cooperation【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.D25.A26.C27.C28.B29.D30.A31.A32.D33.C34.C35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過描述作者和父親一次在森林里迷路的經(jīng)歷，告訴我們?cè)诿媾R困境的時(shí)候，保持同一個(gè)方向，有繼續(xù)前進(jìn)的決心，總能走出困境?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：無論如何，那是在大多數(shù)人擁有手機(jī)之前。A.owned擁有；B.borrowed借來；C.invented發(fā)明；D.promoted促進(jìn)。根據(jù)后文“amobilephone”指擁有手機(jī)，應(yīng)用own。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：大約半個(gè)小時(shí)后，我爸爸意識(shí)到了事實(shí)。A.revealed揭露；B.realized意識(shí)到；C.told告訴；D.faced面對(duì)。根據(jù)后文賓語thetruth指父親認(rèn)識(shí)到了他們迷路的事實(shí)。故選B。【23題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我們繞著圈子走了又走，試圖找到那條路，但運(yùn)氣不佳。A.all全部；B.if如果；C.yet然而；D.so所以。根據(jù)后文“withnoluck”可知他們沒有找到路，前后文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用yet。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我能看出我爸爸開始恐慌了，盡管他試圖瞞著我。A.complain抱怨；B.erupt噴發(fā)；C.regret后悔；D.panic恐慌。根據(jù)后文“Wehadbeenintheforestforhours”可知父子倆在森林里迷路了，父親開始恐慌。故選D。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們?cè)谏掷锎撕脦讉€(gè)小時(shí)，都知道媽媽肯定處于極度恐懼的狀態(tài)。A.terror驚恐；B.anger憤怒；C.disappointment失望；D.loss損失。根據(jù)上文“Wehadbeenintheforestforhours”可知父子倆在森林里迷路了，母親肯定很擔(dān)心害怕。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在學(xué)校的時(shí)候，我剛聽人講過那些死在荒野里的徒步旅行者的故事，我發(fā)現(xiàn)很容易想象我們的命運(yùn)也會(huì)是這樣。A.decide決定；B.announce宣布；C.imagine想象；D.clarify澄清。根據(jù)上文“IhadjustbeentoldthestoryofthehikerswhohaddiedinthewildernessandIfounditeasyto”可知，作者聽人講過那些死在荒野里的徒步旅行者的故事，所以很容易想象他們的命運(yùn)也會(huì)是這樣。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“如果我們繼續(xù)走直線，我們就能離開這里，”爸爸說。A.simple簡(jiǎn)單的；B.short短暫的；C.straight直的；D.similar相似的。根據(jù)后文“l(fā)inewe’llgetoutofhere”可知沿著走直線就能走出森林，故選C?！?8題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：最后我們聽到了汽車的聲音，來到了一條主要道路上。A.Regularly定期地；B.Eventually終于；C.Surprisingly驚人地；D.Generally通常。根據(jù)后文“weheardthesoundofcars”可知作者和父親最后走出了森林，故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：最后我們聽到了汽車的聲音，來到了一條主要道路上。A.chose選擇；B.missed錯(cuò)過