2022屆廣東省部分重點中學度高三上學期1月聯(lián)考英語試題（教師版含解析）

高三英語考試第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AKnownforitsTerracottaWarriors,theancientChinesecityofXi’aninShaanxiProvinceisalsoacitywithdeliciousfood.Herearesomeofthem.YangroupaomoYangroupaomo,orpitabreadsoakedinlambsoup,isanothersignaturefoodofXian.Themainingredientinthismouth-wateringdishismuttonandpitabread.Thehardbreadistornintosmallpiecesandaddedtoabowl,thentoppedwithstewedandslicedmutton,scallion,corianderandchili,andthenthesoupispouredoverallofit.BiangbiangnoodlesBiangbiartgnoodles(stewed-porkhand-rippednoodles)arethick,fatandlong.Eachnoodleisthreefingerswide,spiralingdownintoabigbowl.Itisserveddry,withtoppingsofchiliandporkbellyinalternatinglayersoffatandleanmeat.Biangbiangnoodlesarefamousnotonlyfortheirdistinctivetaste,butalsoforthename,thecharacterofwhichissocomplicatedthatmanyChinesedon’tknowhowtowriteit.Biangreferstothesoundchefsmakewhentheypullthedoughintonoodlesandbangthemagainstthetable.DumplingAvisittoXi’anisnotcompleteunlessyoutrythedumplings.Theyaremadeindifferentshapes,colorsandflavors—sour,sweetorpeppery.Thedumplingshavedifferentfillings.Cookingmethodshavealsoexpanded,fromboilingtofrying.RougamoAncientChinesecalledit“Roujiayumozhong”,whichmeansthemeatisinsidethebun(akindofsmallbread).Themostimportantpartof“Rougamo”isthespecialsaucemeat.Accordingtothehistoryrecord,“Rougamo”firstfoundinbookisinQinDynasty,whichwascalled“Hanmo”.“Rougamo”isnotonlyasignoftheancientcity,butalsoasignofChinesetraditionalfoods.1.Inwhichofthefollowingfoodsisbreadused?A.YangroupaomoandRougamo.B.RougamoandBiaTigbiangnoodles.C.Yangroupaomoanddumpling.D.Biangbiangnoodlesanddumpling.2.WhatdoesBiangbiangnoodlesgetthenamefrom?A.Thechefwhocreatesthem.B.Theingredientstheyinclude.C.Thesoundwhentheyaremade.D.Theplacewheretheyaremade.3.Inwhichcolumnofanewspaperisthistextprobablyfrom?A.Health, B.Culture. C.Science. D.Fashion.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了幾種西安的特色美食?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Yangroupaomo中第二句“Themainingredientinthismouth-wateringdishismuttonandpitabread.(這道令人垂涎的菜肴的主要原料是羊肉和皮塔餅)”和Rougamo中的第一句“AncientChinesecalledit“Roujiayumozhong”,whichmeansthemeatisinsidethebun(akindofsmallbread)(中國古代稱之為“肉夾饃”，意思是肉夾在小圓面包里)”可知，Yangroupaomo和Rougamo中都會用到餅(bread)。故選A項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Biangbiangnoodles的最后一句“Biangreferstothesoundchefsmakewhentheypullthedoughintonoodlesandbangthemagainstthetable.(Biang指的是廚師把面團拉成面條，然后在桌子上猛撞發(fā)出的聲音)”可知，Biangbiangnoodles的名字來由是廚師制作面條時在桌子上摔打面條發(fā)出的聲音。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。本文介紹了幾種西安的特色美食，屬于地方飲食文化，所以文章可能出自報紙的文化專欄。故選B項。【點睛】BTheworldbecomesabetterplacewhenwenotonlyrecognizethateveryonehasbaddays,butwhenwealsocareenoughtoactaccordingly.Nomatterwhatkindofbadexperienceweexperience,weshouldtreatitactively.Fourth-gradeteacherRachelHarderrecognizedthis,andshefoundanamazingwaytohelpoutbothherstudentsandtheirfamilies.Afewyearsago,theKansasteacherattendedatrauma(心理創(chuàng)傷)conference.Shelearnedthatsomepolicestationspartnerwithschoolssotheycanletteachersknowwhenoneoftheirstudentshasapoliceencounter,somethingthatcouldcausethemtoneedextracareorattention.Ayearaftertheconference,Rachelhadastudentwithautism(自閉癥)whofre-quentlyhadtoughdays.Tosupportthestudent,Racheltoldhismomtosimplytexther“handlewithcare”toletherknowwhenitwasgoingtobeoneofthosedays.ThesimplemethodwassuchasuccessthatRacheldecidedtosendallherstudentshomewithanotefortheirparents.Itexplainedwhatthe“HandlewithCare”systemwasandhowtheycouldtakeadvantageofit.Innotime,parentsbegantoshowtheirappreciationforRachel’sincredibleactofkindness.ButRachel’ssympathydidn’tendwithherclass.Wordspreadoftheamazingsystem,andteachersacrossthecountrybegangivingitashotintheirownclassrooms.PrintoutscanbefoundontheSmartSchoolHousewebsite,andthefeedbackhasbeenextremelypositive!Eventhoughteacherscansometimestellwhenastudentishavingatoughdayjustbythewaythey’reacting,Rachelsaidthesesimpletextsalloweducatorstomakeminoradjustmentsinadvancethat,inturn,makethewholedaybetterforeveryone.“It’simportantformetogivekidsafewminutesofextratimeorspace,”shesaid,“andit’seasytogive.”4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inparagraph1referto?A.Thetoughtimeinlife. B.Thebeautyofnature.C.Apositiveattitudetohardship. D.Anextremeworkingstyle.5.HowdidRachelhelpthestudentwithautism?A.Bygettingassistancefromsomepolicestations.B.Byknowinghisstateathomefromhismother.C.Bydiscussinghistraumainaconference.D.Bysupportinghimtodowhathewants.6.WhydidRachelsendnotestotheparentsofallherstudents?A.Toprovethebehaviorisefficient.B.Toexplainthekindnesstotheparents.C.Togaintheparents’sympathyforherself.D.Toshowherconcernabouteverystudent.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeRachel?A.Responsibleandconsiderate. B.Energeticandgrateful.C.Curiousandcourageous. D.Humorousandwarm-hearted.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。Rachel老師通過讓學生家長發(fā)送短信“小心處理”給她，暗示學生在家有狀況需要呵護，提前做好幫助學生渡過難關(guān)的準備，這種方式獲得家長的積極反饋，并被全國各地的老師效仿。【4題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段第二、三句“Nomatterwhatkindofbadexperienceweexperience,weshouldtreatitactively.Fourth-gradeteacherRachelHarderrecognizedthis,andshefoundanamazingwaytohelpoutbothherstudentsandtheirfamilies.(無論我們有過什么樣的糟糕經(jīng)歷，我們都要積極面對。Rachel意識到了這一點，她找到了一個神奇的方法來幫助她的學生和他們的家庭)”可知，this指代上一句中的“指積極面對困難的態(tài)度”。故選C項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Tosupportthestudent,Racheltoldhismomtosimplytexther‘handlewithcare’toletherknowwhenitwasgoingtobeoneofthosedays.(為了支持這名學生，Rachel告訴孩子的母親，當孩子出狀況的時候。只要給她發(fā)短信‘小心處理’即可)”可知，Rachel是通過這個家有自閉癥的學生的母親了解他在家的情況來幫助這個學生。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一、二句“ThesimplemethodwassuchasuccessthatRacheldecidedtosendallherstudentshomewithanotefortheirparents.Itexplainedwhatthe‘HandlewithCare’systemwasandhowtheycouldtakeadvantageofit.Innotime,parentsbegantoshowtheirappreciationforRachel’sincredibleactofkindness.(這個簡單的方法非常成功，Rachel決定讓她所有的學生回家時帶上寫給他們的父母一張便條。便條解釋了什么是‘小心處理’系統(tǒng)，以及家長如何使用它。很快，父母們開始對Rachel令人難以置信的善舉表示感謝)”可知，Rachel這么做是因為她關(guān)愛班里的每一個學生，想在孩子有困難的時候能家校配合，幫助他們，就像幫助那個自閉癥的孩子那樣。故選D項。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Tosupportthestudent,Racheltoldhismomtosimplytexther‘handlewithcare’toletherknowwhenitwasgoingtobeoneofthosedays.(為了支持這名學生，Rachel告訴孩子的母親，當孩子出狀況的時候。只要給她發(fā)短信‘小心處理’即可)”，根據(jù)第三段第一句“ThesimplemethodwassuchasuccessthatRacheldecidedtosendallherstudentshomewithanotefortheirparents.(這個簡單的方法非常成功，Rachel決定讓她所有的學生回家時帶上寫給他們的父母一張便條)”；最后一段第一句“Eventhoughteacherscansometimestellwhenastudentishavingatoughdayjustbythewaythey’reacting,Rachelsaidthesesimpletextsalloweducatorstomakeminoradjustmentsinadvancethat,inturn,makethewholedaybetterforeveryone.(Rachel說，盡管老師有時可以通過學生的表現(xiàn)來判斷他們什么時候過得不好，但這些簡單的短信可以讓老師提前做一些小小的調(diào)整，從而讓大家的一整天都過得更好)”可知可知，Rachel關(guān)心班上的每個學生，對學生負責、體貼，考慮周到。故選A項?！军c睛】CMorethan140signlanguagesareusedtoday,primarilybydeafcommunitiesaroundtheworld.Likespokenlanguages,eachsignlanguagehasitsowngrammar,vocabularyandotherspecialfeatures.Forexample,AmericanSignLanguageisunintelligible(無法了解的)toBritishSignlanguage.Infact,AmericanSignlanguagehasmoreincommonwithFrenchSignLanguage,largelybecauseFrencheducatorsplayedakeyroleinhelpinggetdeafschoolsfoundedintheUnitedStatesduringthe19thcentury.Therehaven’tbeenalotofcomparisonsofsignlanguages.UniversityofTexas,AustinlinguistJustinPowersandhiscolleaguesaimtoaddressthatinformationgap.Inordertostudythequestionofsignlanguageevolution,theyfirstcollectedadatabaseofmanualalphabetsfromdozensofdifferentsignlanguagesaroundtheworld.Soamanualalpha-betiskindofasubsystemwithinasignlanguagethatisusedtorepresentawrittenlanguage.Andthere’sahandshapethatcorrespondstoeachletter.Touncoverrelationshipsbetweenthealphabets%theresearchersusedthesamemethodsthatbiologistsusetofigureoutrelationshipsbetweendifferentspecies,basedontheirDNA.ThemethodsgroupedsignlanguagesinthisstudyintofivemainEuropeanlineages(譜系).AndthosewereAustrianorigin,Britishorigin,Frenchorigin,SpanishandSwedish.PowersaysmanualalphabetsfromAustria,FranceandSpaincoulddatebacktoone-handedmanualalphabetsfrom16th-and17th-centurySpain.Buteachofthoselineagesevolvedindependentlyofeachother.ThestudyalsoconfirmedtheFrenchoriginsofAmericanSignLanguageandthoseofothercountries,includingMexico,BrazilandtheNetherlands.Surprisingly,theAustrianmanualalphabetinfluencedsignlanguagesasfarawayasRussia.Butwhilethislineagehaslargelydiedout,remainsofitliveoninIcelandicSignlanguagetoday.Powersaysfutureresearchcomparingthevocabulariesofdifferentsignlanguagescouldprovideevenmorecluesabouthowthey’vechangedovertime.Understandinghowsignlanguagesevolvewouldtellusalotaboutthewaythatlanguage,ingeneral,evolves.8.WhatcanweknowaboutAmericanSignLanguage?A.ItwascreatedbyFrencheducators.B.ItislessrelatedtoFrenchSignlanguage.C.Itwasfurtherdevelopedbeforethe19thcentury.DIthaslittleincommonwithBritishSignLanguage.9.Whatisspecialaboutamanualalphabet?AEverylettermeansahandgesture.B.Itisusedtoreplacethewrittenlanguage.C.Everyletteristhesameasthenormalalphabet.D.Itisusedtogetherwiththeshapeofmouth.10.WhatdoestheauthorthinkoftheeffectoftheAustrianmanualalphabet?A.Worrying. B.Astonishing.C.Moving. D.Disappointing.11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Thechangesofdifferentsignlanguages.B.Theevolutionofdifferentsignlanguages.C.Themeaningofresearchingsignlanguages.D.Thevocabularyofdifferentsignlanguages.【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了不同國家手勢語的起源及演變?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第三句“Forexample,AmericanSignLanguageisunintelligibletoBritishSignlanguage.”(例如，美國手語是英國手語無法理解的。)可知，美國手勢語與英國手勢語沒有什么共同之處。故選D項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句“Soamanualalpha-betiskindofasubsystemwithinasignlanguagethatisusedtorepresentawrittenlanguage.Andthere’sahandshapethatcorrespondstoeachletter.”(所以手勢語字母表是手語中的一個子系統(tǒng)用來表示書面語言。每個字母對應(yīng)一個手的形狀。)可知，手勢語字母表的特別之處在于它的每個字母都與一種手勢相對應(yīng)。故選A項?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“Surprisingly,theAustrianmanualalphabetinfluencedsignlanguagesasfarawayasRussia.”(令人驚訝的是，奧地利的手語字母表影響了遠在俄羅斯的手語。)可知，作者認為奧地利手勢語字母表的影響是令人吃驚的。故選B項?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容“futureresearch...ingeneral,evolves(未來對不同手語詞匯的比較研究可以提供更多線索，了解它們是如何隨著時間變化的。理解手語是如何進化的可以告訴我們很多關(guān)于語言進化的信息。)”可知，本段主要介紹了研究手勢語的意義。故選C項。DBy2050,ourglobalpopulationmighthavebeenbeyondninebillion,bringingwithitanexpected70%increaseinglobaldemandformeatandfish.Asaresult,thegrowingdemandforsoya-basedfarmfeedisdrivingmassivedestructionofforestsatanalarmingrate,andseaanimalpopulationshavehalvedinthelastfourdecadesduetowidespreadoverfishing.With10millionpoundsfunding,partoftheGovernment’sIndustrialStrategyChallengeFund,astart-upcompanyEntocycleisleadingacooperationthatwillbuildtheUK’sfirstindustrial-scaleinsectfarm.Blacksoldierflies(黑水虻)areusedtoconvertfoodwastefromfarmsandfactoriesintoasustainable,organicinsect-basedproteinfeed,asanalternativetosoya,forfarmedanimals,namelypigs,chickenandfish.Inshortthecompanyisusingfoodwastetocreateinsectproteintofeedtheanimalsthatweeat,whilereducingcarbondioxideemissions(排放)anddeforestation.Followingitsformationin2017,EntocyclespenttimedevelopingitstechnologyaspartoftheEuropeanSpaceAgencyBusinessIncubationCentreUnitedKingdom(ESABICUK),whichismanagedandpartlyfundedbySTFC.Entocycleacquiredtheexpertknowledgetodevelopanetworkofcuttingedgesensors,originallydesignedforuseinspace,tomonitorandoptimize(優(yōu)化)theblacksoldierflies’lifecycle.Theycombinedthiswithbigdataanalysistodeveloptheirproprietarytechnologytomass-rearflies,scalableforindustrialuse,STFC’sDrSueO’Hare,OperationsManagerattheESABICUK,said,“Entocycleisafirst-classexampleofhowspacetechnologycanbeappliedtoaddressoneofthemostimportantglobalchallengeswecurrentlyface—howtofeedtheworldwithoutharmingourplanet.”ItisfantastictoknowthattheESABICUK,partoftheworld’slargestbusinessincubationprogramforspacetechstart-ups,wasabletoprovidetherightenvironmentandsupporttoplayapartintheearlydevelopmentofthisworld-changingtechnology.ThisisasignificantmilestoneforEntocycleasitseekstomakearealandpositiveimpactonmakingourfoodsupplychainsmoreenvironmentallysustainable.12.Howdoestheauthordevelophisopinioninparagraph1?A.Bylistingquestions. B.Bypresentingfacts.C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Bystatingarguments.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“convert”inparagraph2mean?A.Transform. B.Exchange. C.Dip. D.Add.14.WhatistheDrSueO’Hare’sattitudetoEntocycle?A.Negative. B.Pessimistic. C.Supportive. D.Ambiguous.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.FoodWasteIsaGlobalChallengeB.IncreasingPopulationThreatsOurPlanetC.EntocyclePutsSpaceTechnologyintoUseD.UsingInsectstoTurnFoodWasteintoAnimalFeed【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了科學家利用昆蟲將食物垃圾轉(zhuǎn)化為可持續(xù)的動物飼料?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“By2050,ourglobalpopulationmighthavebeenbeyondninebillion,bringingwithitanexpected70%increaseinglobaldemandformeatandfish.Asaresult,thegrowingdemandforsoya-basedfarmfeedisdrivingmassivedestructionofforestsatanalarmingrate,andseaanimalpopulationshavehalvedinthelastfourdecadesduetowidespreadoverfishing.(到2050年，我們?nèi)虻娜丝诳赡軙^90億，預計全球?qū)θ忸惡汪~類的需求將增加70%。因此，對以大豆為基礎(chǔ)的農(nóng)場飼料不斷增長的需求正以驚人的速度推動森林的大規(guī)模破壞，由于廣泛的過度捕撈，海洋動物的數(shù)量在過去四年中減少了一半。)”可知，作者在第一段中通過陳述事實來闡述他的觀點的。故選B?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段的“Inshortthecompanyisusingfoodwastetocreateinsectproteintofeedtheanimalsthatweeat,whilereducingcarbondioxideemissionsanddeforestation.(簡而言之，該公司正在利用食物垃圾制造昆蟲蛋白來喂養(yǎng)我們吃的動物，同時減少二氧化碳排放和森林砍伐。)”可知，該句是對前一句的總結(jié)，即“usingfoodwastetocreateinsectprotein(利用食物垃圾制造昆蟲蛋白)”可以解釋“convertfoodwastefromfarmsandfactoriesintoasustainable,organicinsect-basedproteinfeed(將農(nóng)場和工廠的食物垃圾轉(zhuǎn)化為可持續(xù)的有機昆蟲蛋白質(zhì)飼料)”，因此劃線短語意為“把……轉(zhuǎn)換成……”，即transform(使改變，使轉(zhuǎn)換)。故選A。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Entocycleisafirst-classexampleofhowspacetechnologycanbeappliedtoaddressoneofthemostimportantglobalchallengeswecurrentlyface—howtofeedtheworldwithoutharmingourplanet.(Entocycle是一個一流的例子，展示了如何應(yīng)用空間技術(shù)來解決我們目前面臨的最重要的全球挑戰(zhàn)之一：如何在不傷害地球的情況下養(yǎng)活世界。)”可知，SueO’Hare對Entocycle持支持的態(tài)度。故選C?！?5題詳解】標題判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)第二段的“Inshortthecompanyisusingfoodwastetocreateinsectproteintofeedtheanimalsthatweeat,whilereducingcarbondioxideemissionsanddeforestation.(簡而言之，該公司正在利用食物垃圾制造昆蟲蛋白來喂養(yǎng)我們吃的動物，同時減少二氧化碳排放和森林砍伐。)”可知，文章主要講述的是科學家利用昆蟲將食物垃圾轉(zhuǎn)化為可持續(xù)的動物飼料，因此D項(利用昆蟲將食物垃圾轉(zhuǎn)化為動物飼料)可以作為標題。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Laughterhaspositive,quantifiablephysiologicalandpsychologicaleffectsoncertainaspectsofhealth.____16____Itprovideslow-intensityexerciseandburncalories.____17____Itisparticularlyimportantforseniorsaswellasbedriddenorwheelchair-boundpeople.Itisauniquewaytoimproveone’sdailyhealth.____18____Therelaxationofthemusclesinlinewiththeincreasedheartrateallowsthebloodtoflowmorefreelythroughoutyourbody.Atthesametimeifyourbloodpressureislowitcanbeincreasedovertimeduetotheaerobic(有氧的)exercisethatitprovides.Itreducespain.Endorphins(內(nèi)啡肽)areyourbody’snaturalpainkillers.Theyarereleasedintoyourbodyandthendistributedthroughoutyournervoussystemwhenyoulaugh.____19____Itsharpensuptheimmunesystem.Whenyoulaugh,yourheartservesasthecentralpumpthatputsbloodthroughyourbloodvessels.Thisassiststhelymphaticvessels(淋巴管)incarryingbloodthroughyourbodyandhelpsyourlymphnodestoclean,removingwasteproducts,deadcells,andevenunwantedmicroorganisms.____20____Thesearenecessaryforyoutobeatyourbest.Increasedlymphaticflowequalsaheightened,improvedimmunesystem.A.Itregulatesbloodpressure.B.Itprovidesmoreoxygenfortheheart.C.Maintainingbloodcleanisimportant.D.Laughterhasapositiveinfluenceonyourheart.E.Herearesomebenefitsoflaughteronphysicalhealth.F.Regularlaughterisoftenusedtoassistwithpainmanagement.G.Whenyoulaugh,allyourbodysystemsareaffectedpositively.【答案】16.E17.G18.A19.F20.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了笑給身體帶來的一些好處?！?6題詳解】前文“Laughterhaspositive,quantifiablephysiologicalandpsychologicaleffectsoncertainaspectsofhealth.”提到：笑對健康的某些方面具有積極的、可量化的生理和心理影響。結(jié)合下文提到的介個笑對健康的好處可知，空處句子應(yīng)起到承上啟下的作用。E項(以下是笑對身體健康的一些好處)符合題意。故選E項?！?7題詳解】前文“Itprovideslow-intensityexerciseandburncalories.”提到：它提供低強度的運動和燃燒卡路里。后文“Itisparticularlyimportantforseniorsaswellasbedriddenorwheelchair-boundpeople.Itisauniquewaytoimproveone’sdailyhealth.”提到：這對老年人以及臥床不起或坐輪椅的人來說尤其重要。這是改善一個人日常健康的獨特方法。由此可知，空格處的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該與笑對身體產(chǎn)生的影響有關(guān)，所以G項(當你笑的時候，你所有的身體系統(tǒng)都會受到積極的影響)與上下文連接通順。故選G項。【18題詳解】空處為本段主旨句。后文“Therelaxationofthemusclesinlinewiththeincreasedheartrateallowsthebloodtoflowmorefreelythroughoutyourbody.Atthesametimeifyourbloodpressureislowitcanbeincreasedovertimeduetotheaerobicexercisethatitprovides.”提到：隨著心率的增加，肌肉的放松可以讓血液更自由地流遍全身。同時，如果你的血壓很低，由于它提供的有氧運動，血壓會隨著時間的推移而升高。由此可知，本段主要介紹笑和控制血壓有關(guān)，A項(它調(diào)節(jié)血壓)概括下文大意，為本段的主旨句，符合語境。故選A項?！?9題詳解】前文“Itreducespain.Endorphinsareyourbody’snaturalpainkillers.Theyarereleasedintoyourbodyandthendistributedthroughoutyournervoussystemwhenyoulaugh.”提到：它減少疼痛。內(nèi)啡肽是人體的天然止痛藥。它們會釋放到你的體內(nèi)，然后在你笑時分布到你的整個神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)中。后文“Itsharpensuptheimmunesystem.Whenyoulaugh,yourheartservesasthecentralpumpthatputsbloodthroughyourbloodvessels.Thisassiststhelymphaticvesselsincarryingbloodthroughyourbodyandhelpsyourlymphnodestoclean,removingwasteproducts,deadcells,andevenunwantedmicroorganisms.”提到：它可以增強免疫系統(tǒng)。當你笑時，你的心臟就像中央泵一樣，將血液輸送到你的血管。這有助于淋巴管將血液輸送到你的身體，并幫助你的淋巴結(jié)清潔、清除廢物、死細胞，甚至是不需要的微生物。由此可知，空格處內(nèi)容應(yīng)該與笑能減輕疼痛有關(guān)，F(xiàn)項(有規(guī)律的笑經(jīng)常被用來幫助疼痛治療)與上下文連接通順，符合語境。故選F項?！?0題詳解】前文“Itsharpensuptheimmunesystem.Whenyoulaugh,yourheartservesasthecentralpumpthatputsbloodthroughyourbloodvessels.Thisassiststhelymphaticvesselsincarryingbloodthroughyourbodyandhelpsyourlymphnodestoclean,removingwasteproducts,deadcells,andevenunwantedmicroorganisms.”提到：它可以增強免疫系統(tǒng)。當你笑時，你的心臟就像中央泵一樣，將血液輸送到你的血管。這有助于淋巴管將血液輸送到你的身體，并幫助你的淋巴結(jié)清潔、清除廢物、死細胞，甚至是不需要的微生物。后文“Thesearenecessaryforyoutobeatyourbest.Increasedlymphaticflowequalsaheightened,improvedimmunesystem.”提到：這些是你保持最佳狀態(tài)所必需的。增加的淋巴流量等于增強、改善的免疫系統(tǒng)。由此可知，空格處的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該與笑能促進血液循環(huán)，幫助淋巴結(jié)清除細菌、異物等有關(guān)，所以C項(保持血液清潔很重要)承上啟下，符合語境。故選C項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分}第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Ataspeedofroughly20milesaday,theArdinesexperiencedpracticallyalltheextremestheUnitedStateshastooffer.Thebrotherskeptadetailedrecordoftheir____21____ontheblog.Withthesupportoffriendsandfamilybackathome,thebrothers’journeystartedtogainmore____22____.Byday60,theywerealready1/3intotheirinitialgoal.Newsmediastartedto____23____theirstory.InJuly,theirnewscaughttheattentionofVerizonWireless,who____24____thebrothersnewcellphonesanddonatedtothecause.Alongtheirheroes’____25____,AidenandLouismettheirowneverydayheroes.AdriverinNebraska____26____themontheroadintheextremelyhotweatheranddoubledbacktogivethem____27____drinks.InIowa,acoupleinvitedthemoverforaheartymealofsteakandcheese.InNevada,awomanwhoranacampgroundletthemstay____28____.Theseactionsmadetheirhearts____29____withwarmth.Walkingby11states,AidenandLouis____30____thesandybeachesofSanFranciscoafter162days.____31____bytheirparentsandothersupporters,thebrotherswerenotonlydelightedthattheyachievedtheirgoal,butthattheydoubledit.ThankstotheArdines,$70,000was____32____betweentheRestaurantWorkers’CommunityFoundationandtheCOCOFund,nonprofitscreatedspecificallyto____33____foodworkershithardbythepandemic(疫情).Withoutthehelpofahugecommunityofpeople,theywouldn’thavebeen____34____.Itwasconfirmedthatpeoplearekindintheir____35____andreadytohelpothersatalltimes.21.A.reputations B.virtues C.surveys D.experiences22.A.requests B.motivation C.tracks D.admission23.A.cover B.enrich C.replace D.investigate24.A.saved B.showed C.offered D.sold25.A.behaviour B.speech C.journey D.advice26.A.adopted B.spotted C.defended D.examined27.A.hot B.cold C.alcoholic D.expensive28.A.freeofcharge B.aheadoftime C.atrandom D.byaccident29.A.assessed B.satisfied C.stabbed D.filled30.A.searchedfor B.clearedup C.arrivedat D.passedby31.A.Greeted B.Blamed C.Attracted D.Identified32.A.arranged B.discovered C.shared D.packed33.A.aid B.hire C.move D.control34.A.grateful B.excited C.determined D.successful35.A.quantity B.nature C.anxiety D.ambition【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.C25.C26.B27.B28.A29.D30.C31.A32.C33.A34.D35.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。Ardines兄弟倆徒步美國，最終到達加利福尼亞舊金山沙灘，并通過新媒體的傳播籌集資金，捐給慈善機構(gòu)幫助受新冠疫情影響的人?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：兄弟倆在博客上詳細記錄了他們的經(jīng)歷。A.reputations名譽；B.virtues美德；C.surveys調(diào)查；D.experiences經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)“Ataspeedofroughly20milesaday,theArdinesexperiencedpracticallyalltheextremestheUnitedStateshastooffer.”可知，Ardines兄弟在博客上記錄他們的經(jīng)歷。故選D項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有了國內(nèi)朋友和家人的支持，兄弟倆的旅程開始獲得更多動力。A.requests請求；B.motivation動力；C.tracks軌道；D.admission承認、允許(進入)。根據(jù)“Withthesupportoffriendsandfamilybackathome”可知，有國內(nèi)朋友和家人的支持，兄弟倆的旅行獲得了更多動力。故選B項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：新聞媒體開始報道他們的故事。A.cover報道；B.enrich使充實；C.replace替換；D.investigate調(diào)查。根據(jù)“Newsmedia”可知，新聞媒體開始報道他們的故事。故選A項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：7月，他們的新聞引起了威瑞森無線公司的注意，該公司為兄弟倆提供新手機，并向該事業(yè)捐款。A.saved節(jié)?。籅.showed展示；C.offered(主動)提供；D.sold賣。根據(jù)“donatedtothecause”可知，VerizonWireless向兄弟倆主動提供新手機。故選C項。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在他們英雄的旅程中，艾登和路易斯遇到了他們自己的日常英雄。A.behaviour行為；B.speech演講；C.journey旅行；D.advice建議。根據(jù)“thebrothers’journeystartedtogainmore2.”可知，他們在旅程中遇到了自己的日常英雄。故選C項。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：內(nèi)布拉斯加州的一名司機在極端炎熱的天氣里發(fā)現(xiàn)他們在路上，于是折回來給他們冷飲。A.adopted收養(yǎng)；B.spotted發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.defended抵御；D.examined檢查。根據(jù)“AdriverinNebraska____8____themontheroadintheextremelyhotweatheranddoubledbacktogivethem____9____drinks.”可知，在途中，一位司機發(fā)現(xiàn)了他們。故選B項?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：內(nèi)布拉斯加州的一名司機在極端炎熱的天氣里發(fā)現(xiàn)他們在路上，于是折回來給他們冷飲。A.hot熱的；B.cold寒冷的；C.alcoholic含酒精的；D.expensive昂貴的。根據(jù)“intheextremelyhotweather”可知，在炎熱的天氣要喝冷飲。故選B項?！?8題詳解】考查短語詞義辨析。句意：在內(nèi)華達州，一個經(jīng)營露營場所的女士讓他們免費入住。A.freeofcharge免費；B.aheadoftime提前；C.atrandom隨機；D.byaccident偶然。根據(jù)“awomanwhoranacampground”可知，經(jīng)營露營場所的女士讓他們免費入住。故選A項。29題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這些舉動讓他們的心里充滿了溫暖。A.assessed評估；B.satisfied使?jié)M意；C.stabbed(用刀)刺、捅；D.filled填滿。根據(jù)上文路人的幫助及“Theseactionsmadetheirhearts____12____withwarmth.”可知，這些舉動讓溫暖填滿了他們內(nèi)心。故選D項?！?0題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：經(jīng)過11個州，Aiden和Louis在162天后到達了舊金山的沙灘。A.searchedfor搜尋；B.clearedup清理；C.arrivedat到達；D.passedby經(jīng)過。根據(jù)“Walkingby11states,”可知，兄弟倆最終到達了舊金山沙灘。故選C項?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在他們的父母和其他支持者的迎接下，Ardines兄弟倆很高興他們不僅實現(xiàn)了目標，而且結(jié)果是其兩倍。A.Greeted迎接；B.Blamed責怪；C.Attracted吸引；D.Identified識別。根據(jù)“bytheirparentsandothersupporters”可知，到達后，他們的父母和其他支持者迎接了他們。故選A項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：多虧了Ardines兄弟倆，7萬美元被分給了餐飲員工團體基金會和COCO基金會。這兩個基金會是專門為幫助受疫情嚴重打擊的食品工人而設(shè)立的非營利組織。A.arranged安排；B.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.shared分享；D.packed打包。根據(jù)“betweentheRestaurantWorkers’CommunityFoundationandtheCOCOFund,nonprofitscreatedspecificallyto____17____foodworkershithardbythepandemic.”可知，兄弟倆籌集的7萬美元被分給了兩個基金會。故選C項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.aid幫助；B.hire租；C.move移動；D.control控制。根據(jù)“____17____foodworkershithardbythepandemic”可知，兩個基金會是非盈利組織，用來幫助受疫情嚴重打擊的食品工人。故選A項。【34題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：如果沒有一大群人的幫助，他們不可能成功。A.grateful感激的；B.excited激動的；C.determined有決心的；D.successful成功的。根據(jù)“____14____bytheirparentsandothersupporters,thebrotherswerenotonly____15____thattheyachievedtheirgoal,butthattheydoubledit.”可知兄弟倆在大家的幫助下成功了。故選D項?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它證實了人們本性善良，隨時準備幫助別人。A.quantity數(shù)量；B.nature自然；C.anxiety焦慮；D.ambition野心。根據(jù)“ThankstotheArdines,$70,000was____16____betweentheRestaurantWorkers’CommunityFoundationandtheCOCOFund”可知，Ardines兄弟倆徒步旅行，做公益籌集資金幫助人們，在途中又得到了別人的幫助，這件事證實了人性善良。innature表示“本性上”，故選B項。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分,滿分15分〉閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Lazinessisamentalresistancetodoanythingandasituationwhereyouareawayfromthe____36____(value)partoflifebybeingidle(無事可做的).Mostofthepeoplebecomelazybecausetheydonothavetheclearvisioninlife.Theysimplywastetheirtimeandenergyintheprocessof____37____(avoid)theworkandthatinturnmakesthemremainunderachieverthroughoutthelife.Thatis____38____youhavetoovercameyourlazinessifyouwanttobeoutstandinginlife.Mostofthepeoplegenerallygetstuckintolazinessduetolack____39____motivation.Thereisnobetterwayto____40____(inspire)thantheaction.Ifyoudonotwanttotakeaction,thenforce____41____(you)toactatinitialstage.Ifyoupurposefullytrytoactinsteadofkillingyourtime,itwillbecomeyour____42____(two)nature,andlazinesswillbethethingofthepast.Finally,ifyouhaveaburningdesire____43____(achieve)yourgoal,youwillfindawaytodoit.So,pushyourselftoattacka____44____(big)goalthanyouhavebeenwillingtopursueuntilnow.Alwayskeepinmind:Unlessyoudoit,youwillnotknowwhetherornotyoucan.Sotakeactionrightnowtoovercomelazinessandhave____45____richandvariedlife.【答案】36.valuable37.avoiding38.why39.of40.beinspired41.yourself42.second43.toachieve44.bigger45.a【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章分析了懶惰的原因并介紹了克服懶惰的方法?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：懶惰是一種對做任何事情的精神抗拒，是一種由于懶惰而遠離生活中有價值的部分的情況。此處作定語，修飾空后的名詞，所以用形容詞。故填