高考英語(yǔ)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞課件

can和could(1)表能力，“能，會(huì)”ShecanspeakEnglish.Shecouldplaythepianoattheageofthree.beableto能用于各種時(shí)態(tài)；can/could只能表示現(xiàn)在或過(guò)去的能力。was/wereableto“設(shè)法做成某事”相當(dāng)于managedtodosth//succeededindoingsthAllthepeopletrappedintheburninghousewereabletogetoutofit.(2)表請(qǐng)求和許可，“可以”，could比can更加委婉，表示禮貌CanIsmokehere?—CouldIuseyourcomputer? —Yes,youcan.(3)can表客觀可能性，“有時(shí)候會(huì)”，用于肯定句Awisemancansometimesmakeamistake.(4)can表推測(cè)，用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句?？隙ň溆胢ustCanthenewsbetrue?Hecan’tbeathomebecauseIsawhimherejustnow.may和might表示允許、許可—MayIleavenow? —No,youmustn’t.//Yes,youmay.表示推測(cè)、可能，用于肯定句和否定句，might比may可能性更小Nobodyhaseverseenhimsincethatyear.Hemay/mighthavegoneabroad.May+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形，表示祝愿Mayyousucceed.must和have

tomust表示出于主觀意識(shí)而必須要做某事；haveto卻表示由于某種客觀原因而不得不做某事。haveto自身有時(shí)態(tài)的變化形式。—Mustwehandinourexercisestoday? —Yes,youmust. —No,youneedn’t/don’thaveto.mustn’t意為“不準(zhǔn)，禁止”must還可用來(lái)表示把握較大的推測(cè)，“一定”，其否定形式為cannot/can’t（不可能）Youmustbetiredafteryourlongjourney.will和would表示意愿、意志IfyouwillhelpmewithmyEnglish,Iwillbeveryhappy.

在疑問(wèn)句中，用于第二人稱(chēng)，表示請(qǐng)求或征求意見(jiàn)，would比will語(yǔ)氣更委婉Will/Wouldyoupleasegivemeahand?表示習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，“總是，常?！盩heoldmanisstrange.Hewillsitforhourswithoutsayinganything.WhenIwasachild,mymotherwouldreadmeastoryeverynight.對(duì)比would和usedto表示今昔動(dòng)作對(duì)比，用usedtoIdon’tplaytennisnow,butIusedto.Hewouldgetupearlywhenhelivedinthecountryside.表示過(guò)去的狀態(tài)，用usedtoHeusedtobeaquietboy.shallshall用于第一、三人稱(chēng)疑問(wèn)句中，表示說(shuō)話人征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)和向?qū)Ψ秸?qǐng)示，“…好嗎？要不要…？”ShallIopenthewindowforyou?Shallhefetchsomewaterforyou?shall用于第二、三人稱(chēng)陳述句中，表示說(shuō)話人給對(duì)方的許諾、命令、警告、威脅。YoushalldoasIsay.Tellhimthatheshallhavethebooktomorrow.Heshallbepunished.用于條約、規(guī)定、規(guī)章等文件中，表示一種義務(wù)，多用于第三人稱(chēng)中?！癟heinterest____bedividedintofiveparts,accordingtotheagreementmadebybothsides.”declaredthejudge. A.mayB.shouldC.mustD.shallshould表示勸告或建議，“應(yīng)該”，相當(dāng)于oughtto，但語(yǔ)氣不及oughtto強(qiáng)Youshouldn’t/oughtn’ttospendsomuchtimeplayingcomputergames.用于推測(cè)，意為“按理應(yīng)當(dāng)”—WillMr.Wangofferusahand? —He____begladto.Heneverrefusedourrequest. A.canB.must C.mayD.should表示吃驚，“竟會(huì)，竟然”Ifinditsurprisingthatheshouldbesorudetoyou.should用于表示要求，建議，命令的名詞性從句中，虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在動(dòng)詞insist；order,command；suggest,advise,propose；demand,desire,request,require等賓語(yǔ)從句中用在suggestion,order,proposal,demand等后面的表語(yǔ)，同位語(yǔ)從句中。用在Itis/wasnatural(necessary/strange/important…)that…；Itis/wasinsisted(suggested/ordered…)that…等主語(yǔ)從句中need和dare作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，兩個(gè)詞常用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句；用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可用于各種句式情態(tài)動(dòng)詞—NeedIhelpyou? —Yes,please.Youneedn’ttelephonehimnow.Howdareyoutalktotheteacherlikethat?Thegirldarednotgooutaloneatnight.實(shí)義動(dòng)詞Weneededtotellhimthenews.Youdon’tneedtotellhimthenews.Dotheflowersneedwatering?Ididn’tdare(to)tellyouthetruth.Doyoudare(to)catchthesnakewithyourhand?Theboydarestodoanythinghelikes.wouldratherdo

寧愿Iwouldratherstayherethangohome.hadbetterdo

最好Itisprettycold.You’dbetterputonacoat.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedonemust

have

done表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的肯定推測(cè)，“一定做過(guò)某事”，只用于肯定句；Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.

can’t/couldn’thavedone表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的否定推測(cè)，“不可能做過(guò)某事”Mr.Smithcan’thavegonetoBeijing,forIsawhiminthelibraryjustnow.

can/couldhavedone表示對(duì)過(guò)去行為的懷疑，用于疑問(wèn)句，“可能做過(guò)…嗎？”Thereisnowheretofindthem.Wherecantheyhavegone?Ican’trememberwhenwewenttoBeijingbutcouldithavebeensometimelastautumn?

couldhavedone表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的假設(shè)，意思是“本來(lái)能夠做某事而沒(méi)有做”

Hecouldhavepassedtheexam,buthewastoocareless.

may/mighthavedone“過(guò)去可能做了某事”；may比might表示的可能性在說(shuō)話人看來(lái)稍大些。may/mightnothavedone“過(guò)去可能沒(méi)有做某事”—WhathashappenedtoGeorge? —Idon’tknow.Hemayhavegotlost.Hemightnothavefinishedthework.should/oughttohavedone“本來(lái)應(yīng)該做某事，而實(shí)際沒(méi)做”；shouldn’t/oughtn’ttohavedone“本來(lái)不應(yīng)該做某事，而實(shí)際做了”Youshouldn’thavewastedtimeplayingcomputergames.needn’thavedone“本來(lái)不需要做某事而做了”Ineedn’thaveboughtsomuchwine—onlyfivepeoplecame.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You____homewithoutaword. A.mustn’tleave B.shouldn’thaveleft C.needn’tleave D.couldn’thaveleft

Mr.White____at8:30forthemeeting,buthedidn’tshowup. A.shouldhavearrived

B.shouldarrive C.shouldhavehadarrived

D.shouldbearriving—DoyouknowwhereDavidis?Icouldn’tfindhimanywhere. —Well.He____havegonefar—hiscoat’sstillhere. A.shouldn’t

B.mustn’t

C.can’t

D.wouldn’tJohnny,you____playwiththeknife,you____hurtyourself. A.won’t;can’t B.mustn’t;may C.shouldn’t;must D.can’t;shouldn’tThefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone____getout. A.hadto B.would C.wasableto D.could—Sir,____hegoorstay? —Lethimgo. A.willB.shall C.mightD.could—Tomgraduatedfromcollegeataveryyoungage. —Oh,he____havebeenaverysmartboythen. A.could

B.should

C.might

D.mustMysistermethimattheGrandTheatreyesterdayafternoon,sohe___yourlecture. A.couldn’thaveattended B.needn’thaveattended C.mustn’thaveattended D.shouldn’thaveattendedIthasbeenannouncedthatcandidates____remainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected. A.can B.will C.may D.shallTherewasalotoffunatyest