2021年新課標(biāo)新高考英語復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí)講義：專題六　完形填空

第二部分語言運(yùn)用

專題六完形填空

【考情探究】

項目語篇主題命題角度

語篇類型難度

卷名主題語境主題語境內(nèi)容動詞（短語）名詞,代詞形容詞、副詞其他詞類

課標(biāo)1記敘文人與自然環(huán)境保護(hù)難8750

2019

課標(biāo)II記敘文人與社會良好的人際關(guān)系中9551

課標(biāo)I記敘文人與自我善于學(xué)習(xí)難9740

2018

課標(biāo)n記敘文人與自我父巧救子中9371

課標(biāo)I記敘文人與自我樂于學(xué)習(xí)難10550

2017

課標(biāo)H記敘文人與自我學(xué)生其人中9830

課標(biāo)I記敘文人與社會社會進(jìn)步難7544

2016

課標(biāo)II記敘文人與社會聞聲不如見面中6482

深標(biāo)1記敘文人與社會社會交往中6860

2015

課標(biāo)II記敘文人與自我實(shí)踐的意義中7661

X工計8058539

占比40%29%26.5%4.5%

分析解言

1.語篇類型

近五年高考課標(biāo)卷完形填空均為記敘文,所選文章均傳達(dá)了積極向上的精神，體現(xiàn)了高

考英語完形填空弘揚(yáng)"真善美"的主題,落實(shí)了高考"立德樹人"的選拔標(biāo)準(zhǔn),有助于培養(yǎng)學(xué)生

的良好思維品質(zhì)。

2.主題語境

近五年高考課標(biāo)卷完形填空涵蓋了課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)列舉的人與自我、人與社會和人與自然三大

主題語境,其中人與社會所占比例較大。主題語境內(nèi)容涉及人物故事、人際關(guān)系、自然環(huán)境、

社會生活等，較好地涵蓋了普通高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)涉及的話題。

3.命題角度

近五年高考課標(biāo)卷完形填空以考查動詞、名詞/代詞、形容詞、副詞等實(shí)詞為主,虛詞考

查很少，挖空處一般是為了綜合考查考生的理解能力、分析問題和解決問題的能力。注重上

下文或?qū)φ麄€語篇的理解,避免純語法考查，突出詞匯語境化、語法語用化、選擇綜合化。但

2020屆山東高考模擬卷考查了連詞和介詞，需要引起考生的重視。

4.備考建議

(1)精選優(yōu)質(zhì)試題，限時訓(xùn)練,熟練掌握應(yīng)對完形填空的常用方法；

(2)完成試題后,大聲朗讀原文,賞析文章情節(jié),不斷品味挖空特點(diǎn),加深對高考命題的感

悟；

(3)在文中標(biāo)注重點(diǎn)詞匯和優(yōu)美句子，體會熟詞生義的用法,注重積累。

【真題探秘】

語篇類型：記敘文主題語境：人與自然主題語境內(nèi)容：環(huán)境保護(hù)詞數(shù)：227

2019課標(biāo)全國I語篇解讀：“我”聽說乞力馬扎羅山被眾多的游客破壞得面目仝非了，對此“我”將信

將疑.于是親自登山體驗(yàn)，卻看到了全然相反的景象.

真題再現(xiàn)

Everyyearabout40,000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro,the閱讀點(diǎn)撥

highestmountaininAfrica.They1withthemlotsofwaste.The_2

文體特征

mightdamagethebeautyoftheplace.Theglaciers（冰川）aredisappearing,

changingthe3ofKilimanjaro.速讀文章可知本文為記敘文，根據(jù)

首句可預(yù)測文章可能講述與“乞力

Hearingthesestories,Vm4abouttheplace-otherdestinationsare

馬扎羅山"有關(guān)的故事或經(jīng)歷。

describedasz/purer,znaturalexperiences.

素養(yǎng)解讀

However,Isoon5thatmuchhaschangedsincethedaysofdisturbing

reportsof6amongtonsofrubbish.Ifinda7mountain,withtoilets本文主題語境為人與自然，主題語

atcampsandalongthepaths.Theenvironmentalchallengesare8butthe境內(nèi)容為環(huán)境保護(hù)，重在引導(dǎo)學(xué)生

effortsmadebytheTanzaniaNationa1ParkAuthorityseemtobe9.增強(qiáng)環(huán)保意識,積極參與社會實(shí)踐。

ThebestofaKilimanjaro10,inmyopinion,isn*treachingthetop.［重點(diǎn)詞匯］

Mountainsare11asspiritualplacesbymanycultures.This12is

1.attempttodosth.試圖做某事

especiallyevidentonKilimanjaroas13gothroughfiveecosystems

態(tài)系統(tǒng)）inthespaceofafewkilometers.Atthebaseisarainforest.It2.disturbingadj.令人不安的

endsabruptlyat3,000meters,14landsoflowgrowingplants.Further

3.spiritualadj.精神的；心靈的

up,theweather15—lowcloudsenvelopthemountainsides,whichare

coveredwiththickgrass.I16twelveshadesofgreenfromwhereIstand.4.gothrough經(jīng)歷

Above4,000metersisthehighland17:gravel.（礫石）,stonesandrocks.

5.basen.基底，底座（此處指山

18__youclimbintoanarctic-likezonewith19snowandtheglaciers

腳）

thatmaysoondisappear.

6.abrupt1yadv.突然地

DoesKilimanjaro20itsreputationasacrowdedmountainwithlinesof

touristsruiningtheatmosphereofpeace?Ifoundtheoppositetobetrue.7.furtherup進(jìn)一步向上

1.A.keepB.mixC.connectD.bring8.envelopev.包住，裹住

2.A.storiesB.buildingsC.crowdsD.reporters9.shaden.濃淡深淺，色度

3.A.positionB.ageC.faceD.name

4.A.silentB.skepticalC.seriousD.crazy［難句分析］

5.A.discoverB.argueC.decideD.advocate原文：DoesKilimanjarodeserve

itsreputationasacrowded

6.A.equipmentB.grassC.campsD.stones

mountainwithlinesoftourists

7.A.remoteB.quietC.tallD.cleanruiningtheatmosphereofpeace?

8.A.newB.specialC.significantD.necessary分析：本句為簡單句。acrowded

mountainwithlinesoftourists

9.A.payingoffB.spreadingoutC.blowingupD.fadingaway

ruiningtheatmosphereofpeace

10.A.atmosphereB.experienceC.experimentD.sight中with...為with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作

mountain的后置定語，在這個結(jié)構(gòu)

11.A.studiedB.observedC.exploredD.regarded

中，tourists和ruin之間為主動的

12.A.viewB.qualityC.reasonD.purpose關(guān)系，故使用ruining作賓語補(bǔ)足

語。

13.A.scientistsB.climbersC.localsD.officials

譯文:乞力馬扎羅山人山人海，游客

14.A.holdingontoB.goingbacktoC.livinguptoD.giving

絡(luò)繹不絕，破壞了寧靜的氣氛,這是

wayto

乞力馬扎羅山脈應(yīng)得的“美譽(yù)”嗎？

15.A.changesB.clearsC.improvesD.permits

16.A.matchB.imagineC.countD.add

17.A.villageB.desertC.roadD.lake

18.A.ObviouslyB.EasilyC.ConsequentlyD.Finally

19.A.permanentB.littleC.freshD.artificial

20.A.enjoyB.deserveC.saveD.acquire

高效解題

1.D

2.C

3.C

4.B

5.A

6.C

7.D

8.C

9.A

10.B

11.D

12.A

13.B

14.D

15.A

16.C

17.B

18.D

19.A

20.B

命題方法

1.完形填空首句一般不設(shè)空。

2.設(shè)空以語義性設(shè)空為主（即考查動詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞等實(shí)詞），以功能性設(shè)空為

輔（即考查連詞、介詞等虛詞）。

考查內(nèi)容

考查考生在語篇層次上的語言綜合運(yùn)用能力，包括基礎(chǔ)知識運(yùn)用能力和閱讀能力。

【方法集訓(xùn)】

Iwenttoagroupactivity,''SensitivitySunday”,whichwastomakeusmore1the

problemsfacedbydisabledpeople.Wewereaskedto"2adisabilitywforseveral

hoursoneSunday.Somemembers,3,chosetousewheelchairs.Otherswore

sound-blockingearplugs（耳塞）orblindfolds（眼罩）.

Justsittinginthewheelchairwasa4experience.Ihadneverconsidered

beforehow5itwouldbetouseone.AssoonasIsatdown,my6madethechair

begintoroll.Itswheelswerenot7.ThenIwonderedwheretoputmy8.Ittookme

quiteawhiletogetthemetalfootrestinto9.Itookmyfirstuneasylookatwhat

wastobemyonlymeansof10forseveralhours.Fordisabledpeople,""adoptinga

wheelchair^isnotatemporary（臨時的）11.

Itriedtofinda12positionandthoughtitmightberestful,13kindof

nice,tobe14aroundforawhile.Lookingaround,I15Iwouldhavetohandlethe

thingmyself!MyhandsstartedtoacheasI16theheavymetalwheels.Icametoknow

thatcontrollingthe17ofthewheelchairwasnotgoingtobea（n）18task.

Mywheelchairexperimentwassoon19.Itmadeadeepimpressiononme.Afew

hoursof“disability“gavemeonlyatasteofthe20,bothphysicalandmental,that

disabledpeoplemustovercome.

1.A.curiousaboutB.interestedinC.awareofD.carefulwith

2.A.cureB.preventC.adoptD.analyze

3.A.insteadB.strangelyC.asusualD.likeme

4.A.learningB.workingC.satisfyingD.relaxing

5.A.convenientB.awkwardC.boringD.exciting

6.A.heightB.forceC.skillD.weight

7.A.lockedB.repairedC.poweredD.grasped

8.A.handsB.feetC.keysD.handles

9.A.placeB.actionC.playD.effect

10.A.operationB.communicationC.transportationD.production

11.A.explorationB.educationC.experimentD.entertainment

12.A.flexibleB.safeC.startingD.comfortable

13.A.yetB.justC.stillD.even

14.A.shownB.pushedC.drivenD.guided

15.A.realizedB.suggestedC.agreedD.admitted

16.A.liftedB.turnedC.pressedD.seized

17.A.pathB.positionC.directionD.way

18.A.easyB.heavyC.majorD.extra

19.A.forgottenB.repeatedC.conductedD.finished

20.A.weaknessesB.challengesC.anxietiesD.illnesses

答案

l.C

2.C

3.D

4.A

5.B

6.D

7.A

8.B

9.A

10.C

11.C

12.D

13.D

14.B

15.A

16.B

17.C

18.A

19.D

20.B

【五年高考】

A組統(tǒng)一命題?課標(biāo)卷題組

Cloze1（2019課標(biāo)全國H）詞數(shù):296

It'sabout250milesfromthehillsofwest-centralIowatoEhlers，homein

Minnesota.Duringthelongtriphome,followingaweekendofhunting,Ehlers_1

aboutthesmalldoghehadseen2alongsidetheroad.Hehad3tocoax（哄）

thedogtohimbut,frightened,ithad4.

Backhome,Ehlerswastroubledbythat5dog.So,fourdayslater,hecalled

hisfriendGreg,andthetwodrove6.Afteralongandcareful7,Gregsaw,

acrossafield,thedogmoving8away.Ehlerseventuallysucceededincoaxingthe

animaltohim.Nervousnessandfearwerereplacedwith9.Itjuststartedlicking

（舔）Ehlers'face.

Alocalfarmertoldthemthedogsoundedlikeone10aslostinthelocal

paper.Theadhada11numberforatowninsouthernMichigan.Ehlers12the

numberofJeffandLisatotellthemhehad13theirdog.

Jeffhad14inIowabeforeThanksgivingwithhisdog,Rosie,butthegun

shotshadscaredthedogoff.Jeffsearched15forRosieinthenextfourdays.

EhlersreturnedtoMinnesota,andthendrove100milestoMinneapolistoputRosie

onaflighttoMichigan."It'sgoodtoknowthere*sstillsomeoneouttherewho16

enoughtogotothatkindof17,"saysLisaofEhlers*rescue18,

“Ifiguredwhoeverlostthedogwasprobablyjustas19toitasIamtomy

dogs,“saysEhlers."Ifithadbeenmydog,I'dhopethatsomebodywouldbe20to

gothatextramile."

1.A.readB.forgotC.thoughtD.heard

2.A.fightingB.tremblingC.eatingD.sleeping

3.A.triedB.agreedC.promisedD.regretted

4.A.calmeddownB.stoodupC.rolledoverI）,runoff

5.A.injuredB.stolenC.lostD.rescued

6.A.homeB.pastC.backD.on

7.A.preparationB.explanationC.testD.search

8.A.cautiouslyB.casuallyC.skillfullyD.angrily

9.A.surpriseB.joyC.hesitationD.anxiety

10.A.predictedB.advertisedC.believedD.recorded

11.A.houseB.phoneC.streetD.car

12.A.calledB.copiedC.countedD.remembered

13.A.fedB.adoptedC.foundD.cured

14.A.huntedB.skiedC.livedD.worked

15.A.onpurposeB.ontimeC.inturnD.invain

16.A.caresB.seesC.suffersD.learns

17.A.placeB.troubleC.wasteD.extreme

18.A.serviceB.planC.effortD.team

19.A.equalB.allergicC.gratefulD.close

20.A.suitableB.proudC.wiseD.willing

答案

l.C

2.B

3.A

4.D

5.C

6.C

7.D

8.A

9.B

10.B

11.B

12.A

13.C

14.A

15.D

16.A

17.B

18.C

19.D

20.D

Cloze2（2019課標(biāo)全國HI）詞數(shù):278

ThesmalltownofRjukaninNorwayissituatedbetweenseveralmountainsanddoes

not.getdirectsunlight,fromlateSeptembertomid-March—1sixmonthsoutofthe

year.

“Ofcourse,we2itwhenthesunisshining,"saysKarinRo,whoworksforthe

town*stourismoffice."Weseetheskyis3,butdowninthevalleyit's

darker—it?slikeona4day.

Butthat5whenasystemofhigh-tech6wasintroducedtoreflect

sunlightfromneighboringpeaks（山峰）intothevalleybelow.Wednesday,residents

民）ofRjukan7theirveryfirstrayofwintersunshine:Arowofreflective

boardsonanearbymountainsidewereputto8.Themirrorsarecontrolledbya

computerthat9themtoturnalongwiththesunthroughoutthe10andto

closeduringwindyweather.Theyreflectaconcentratedbeam（束）oflightontothe

town,scentral11,creatinganareaofsunlightroughly600squaremeters.When

thelight12,Rjukanresidentsgatheredtogether.

“Peoplehavebeen13thereandstandingthereandtaking14ofeach

other,wRosays."Thetownsquarewastotally15.Ithinkalmostallthepeoplein

thetownwerethere."The3,500residentscannotall16thesunshineatthesame

time.17,thenewlightfeelslikemorethanenoughforthetown's18

residents.

"It'snotvery19,“shesays,“butitisenoughwhenweare20."

1.A.onlyB.obviouslyC.nearlyD.precisely

2.A.fearB.believeC.hearD.notice

3.A.emptyB.blueC.highD.wide

4.A.cloudyB.normalC.differentD.warm

5.A.helpedB.changedC.happenedD.mattered

6.A.computersB.telescopesC.mirrorsD.cameras

7.A.rememberedB.forecastedC.receivedD.imagined

8.A.repairB.riskC.restD.use

9.A.forbidsB.directsC.predictsD.follows

10.A.dayB.nightC.monthD.year

11.A.libraryB.hallC.squareD.street

12.A.appearedB.returnedC.fadedD.stopped

13.A.drivingB.hidingC.campingD.sitting

14.A.picturesB.notesC.careD.hold

15.A.newB.fullC.flatD.silent

16.A.blockB.avoidC.enjoyD.store

17.A.InsteadB.HoweverC.GraduallyD.Similarly

18.A.nature-lovingB.energy-saving

C.weather-beatenD.sun-starved

19.A.bigB.clearC.coldD.easy

20.A.tryingB.waitingC.watchingD.sharing

答案

l.C

2.D

3.B

4.A

5.B

6.C

7.C

8.D

9.B

10.A

11.C

12.A

13.D

14.A

15.B

16.C

17.B

18.D

19.A

20.D

Cloze3（2018課標(biāo)全國I）詞數(shù):258

Duringmysecondyearatthecitycollege,Iwastoldthattheeducation

departmentwasofferinga'Tree^course,calledThinkingChess,forthreecredits.I

1_theideaoftakingtheclassbecause,afterall,whodoesn'twantto2afew

dollars?Morethanthat,I'dalwayswantedtolearnchess.And,evenifIweren，t_3

enoughaboutfreecredits,newsaboutour4wasappealingenoughtome.Hewasan

internationalgrandmaster,which5Iwouldbelearningfromoneofthegame，s6.

Icouldhardlywaitto7him.

MauriceAshleywaskindandsmart,aformergraduatereturningtoteach,andthis

8_wasnogameforhim;hemeantbusiness.Inhisintroduction,hemadeit9thatour

creditswouldbehard-earned.Inorderto10theclass,amongothercriteria,we

hadtowriteapaperonhowweplanto11whatwewouldlearninclasstoourfuture

professionsand,12,toourlives.ImanagedtogetanAinthat13andlearned

lifelessonsthathaveservedmewellbeyondthe14.

TenyearsaftermychessclasswithAshley,I'mstillputtingtousewhathe15

me:“Theabsolutemostimportant16thatyoulearnwhenyouplaychessishowtomake

good17.Oneverysinglemoveyouhaveto18asituation,processwhatyour

opponent（對手）isdoingand19thebestmovefromamongallyouroptions.z,These

wordsstillringtruetodayinmy20asajournalist.

1.A.putforwardB.jumpedat

C.triedoutD.turneddown

2.A.wasteB.earnC.saveD.pay

3.A.excitedB.worriedC.movedD.tired

4.A.titleB.competitorC.textbookD.instructor

5.A.urgedB.demandedC.heldD.meant

6.A.fastestB.easiestC.bestD.rarest

7.A.interviewB.meetC.challengeD.beat

8.A.chanceB.qualificationC.honorD.job

9.A.realB.perfectC.clearD.possible

10.A.attendB.passC.skipD.observe

11.A.addB.exposeC.applyD.compare

12.A.eventuallyB.naturallyC.directlyD.normally

13.A.gameB.presentationC.courseD.experiment

14.A.criterionB.classroomC.departmentD.situation

15.A.taughtB.wroteC.questionedD.promised

16.A.factB.stepC.mannerD.skill

17.A.gradesB.decisionsC.impressionsD.comments

18.A.analyzeB.describeC.rebuildD.control

19.A.announceB.signalC.blockD.evaluate

20.A.roleB.desireC.concernD.behavior

答案

l.B

2.C

3.A

4.D

5.D

6.C

7.B

8.D

9.C

10.B

11.C

12.A

13.C

14.B

15.A

16.D

17.B

18.A

19.D

20.A

Cloze4（2018課標(biāo)全國II）詞數(shù):265

Twoweeksearlier,myson,Ben,hadgotintouch.He'dmovedtoEnglandwithhis

mumwhenhewasthreeandithadbeen13yearssinceI'd1seenhim.Soimaginemy_2

whenheemailedmesayinghewantedtocometovisitme.

Iwas3!IarrivedearlyatByronBaywhereweweresupposedto4.Thebay

was5insunshine,andtherewasagroupofkayakersaround150mofftheshore.

Gettingalittle6,Irealizedonekayak（皮戈U艇）wasin7."Something'snot

8_!"ItookoffmyT-shirtand9intothewater.Isawthereweretwoinstructorson

boardandamanlyingacrossthemiddle.Hewas10violently.Linkingarmswithone

oftheinstructors,Ihelped11theyoungmanoutofthewater.Hewasunconscious

andasIlookedathisface,something12tome.Thosebrowneyeswerevery

13."What'shisname?"Iaskedtheinstructor.Z/Ben,''hereplied,andimmediatelyI

14.Thatstrangerwasmyson!

Theinstructorscalledforanambulance.15,afterabriefstayinhospital,

Benwaswellenoughtobeallowedto16andlaterthefamilymetupfordinner.We

chattedabouteverythingandthenBen17tome./ZIjustwanttosaythankyou,〃he

said."You18mylife!”

Istil1can'tbelievewhata19itwas.I'mjustsogladIwasthere20to

helpmyson.

1.A.alsoB.oftenC.evenD.last

2.A.delightB.reliefC.angerD.worry

3.A.scaredB.shockedC.thrilledD.ashamed

4.A.talkB.stayC.meetD.settle

5.A.bathedB.cleanC.deepD.formed

6.A.fasterB.closerC.heavierD.wiser

7.A.troubleB.advanceC.questionD.battle

8.A.realB.rightC.fairD.fit

9.A.staredB.sankC.divedD.fell

10.A.arguingB.fightingC.shoutingD.shaking

11.A.leadB.persuadeC.carryD.keep

12.A.happenedB.occurredC.appliedD.appealed

13.A.sharpB.pleasantC.attractiveD.familiar

14.A.agreedB.hesitatedC.doubtedD.knew

15.A.FortunatelyB.FranklyC.SadlyD.Suddenly

16.A.returnB.relaxC.speakD.leave

17.A.jokedB.turnedC.listenedD.pointed

18.A.createdB.honoredC.savedD.guided

19.A.coincidenceB.change

C.pityD.pain

20.A.onboardB.intime

C.forsureD.onpurpose

林崇

口

l.D

2.A

3.C

4.C

5.A

6.B

7.A

8.B

9.C

10.D

11.C

12.B

13.D

14.D

15.A

16.D

17.B

18.C

19.A

20.B

Cloze5（2018課標(biāo)全國HI）詞數(shù):261

Whenmostofusgetatextmessageonourcellphonefromanunknownperson,we

usuallysay“sorry,1number!”andmoveon.ButwhenDennisWilljams2atext

thatclearlywasn'tintendedforhim,hedidsomething3.

OnMarch19,Dennisgotagrouptext4himthatacouplehedidn,tknowwereat

thehospital,waitingforthe5ofababy.

Tongratulations!ButIthinksomeonewasmistaken,''Dennis6.Thebabywas

bornandupdatetextswere7quicklyfromtheoverjoyedgrandmother,Teresa.Inher

8_,shedidn，tseemtorealizethatshewas9thebaby'sphotoswithacomplete

stranger./zWell,Idon，t10youallbutIwillgettheretotakepictureswiththe

baby,“repliedDennisbeforeaskingwhichroomthenew11werein.

Muchtothefamily*ssurprise,Dennisstucktohis12!Heturnedupatthe

hospital13giftsforthenewmotherLindseyandherbabyboy.Lindsey'shusband

wastotally14bytheunexpectedvisit."Idon，tthinkwewouldhaverandomly

invitedhimoverbutwe15itandthegifts.”

Teresa16aphotoofthechancemeetingonasocialnetworkingwebsite17by

thetouchingwords:/zWhata18thisyoungmanwastoourfamily!Hewasso19and

kindtodothis."Theposthassincegainedthe20ofsocialmediausersalloverthe

world,receivingmorethan184,000sharesand61,500likesinjustthreedays.

1.A.unluckyB.secretC.newD.wrong

2.A.receivedB.translatedC.copiedD.printed

3.A.reasonableB.specialC.necessaryD.practical

4.A.convincingB.remindingC.informingD.warning

5.A.wake-upB.recoveryC.growthD.arrival

6.A.respondedB.interrupted

C.predictedD.repeated

7.A.cominginB.settingout

C.passingdownD.movingaround

8.A.opinionB.anxietyC.excitementD.effort

9.A.comparingB.exchangingC.discussingD.sharing

10.A.acceptB.knowC.believeD.bother

11.A.parentsB.doctorsC.patientsD.vi