英語中的幾種時(shí)態(tài)

Tenses

時(shí)態(tài)

TengLiJimoftengoesswimming.Jim經(jīng)常去游泳。去年Jim在這里工作。Jimworkedherelastyear.Jim現(xiàn)在正在上英語課。JimishavinganEnglishclassnow.昨天的這個(gè)時(shí)候Jim在跑步。Jimwasrunningatthistimeyesterday.Let'smakesentencesPresentSimple一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)PastSimple一般過去時(shí)態(tài)PresentContinuous現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)PastContinuous過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)SimplePresent

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)Whendoweusethesimplepresenttense?1.當(dāng)需要表示經(jīng)常或習(xí)慣性的動作時(shí)。eg：每天早上我爸都要看報(bào)紙。Myfather

everymorning.readsnewspapers我經(jīng)常飯后散步。Ioften

aftermeals.goforawalkTip當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，記得將謂語動詞變成相應(yīng)三單形式(詳見7上122頁)。時(shí)間狀語通常是表示頻率的詞，比如：sometimes,often,every......SimplePresentWhendoweusethesimplepresenttense?2.當(dāng)需要表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或特征時(shí)。eg：我媽媽是老師。Mymom

.isateacherSally有一雙大眼睛。Sally'seyes

.arebigTip當(dāng)謂語動詞為be動詞時(shí)，根據(jù)主語的人稱和單復(fù)數(shù)選擇相應(yīng)的am/is/are.SimplePresentWhendoweusethesimplepresenttense?3.當(dāng)需要表示真理時(shí)。eg：地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。Theearth

s夏天在春天之后到來。Summer

es

Tip當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，記得將謂語動詞變成相應(yīng)三單形式。SimplePresentLet'stryHe

likesplayingthepiano.他喜歡彈鋼琴。否定句He

doesn'tlikeplayingthepiano.一般疑問句Doeshelikeplayingthepiano?對第一句的playingthepiano提問Whatdoes

helike

？Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn't.SimplePresentShowyourexampleSimplePresent1.MissGuo______(teach)usChinesethisterm.She______(be)averygoodteacher.Sheoften______(talk)withusafterclass.Manyofus______(like)

totalkwithher.

2.-Where______theirfather______(work)?

-He______(work)onafarm.

3.-Whattime______theshop______(close)?

-It_____(close)atnineo'clockintheevening.

4.-___(be)heontimeeveryday-Yes,

./No,.

5.He______(noteat)fastfoodbecauseit'sbad.Let'spracticeteachesistalkslikedoworkworksdoescloseclosesIsdoesn'teatheisheisn't在含有時(shí)間或條件狀語從句的句子中，

要遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”的原則。1.We'llgoswimmingiftheweather______finetomorrow.

A.isB.wasC.willbeD.isgoingtobe2.Willyoucallmewhen

they______atthehall?

A.willarriveB.arriveC.arrivedD.isarrivingPayattentionTipSimplePast

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)Whendoweusethesimplepasttense?1.當(dāng)需要表示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作時(shí)。eg：去年他經(jīng)常來看我。He

often

lastyear.cametovisitme我以前總是熬夜。Ialways

inthepast.stayedupTip謂語動詞要使用過去式（規(guī)則動詞變形方法詳見7下122頁，不規(guī)則動詞變形須牢記）。SimplePastWhendoweusethesimplepasttense?2.當(dāng)需要表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)時(shí)。eg：去年他12歲。He

12lastyear.was他們上個(gè)星期去武漢了。They

Wuhanlastweek.wenttoTip當(dāng)謂語動詞為be動詞時(shí)，根據(jù)主語的人稱和單復(fù)數(shù)選擇相應(yīng)的was/were.

SimplePastLet'stryHe

likedplayingthepianobefore.他以前喜歡彈鋼琴。否定句He

didn'tlikeplayingthepianobefore.一般疑問句Didhelikeplayingthepianobefore?對第一句的playingthepiano提問Whatdid

helike

before？Yes,hedid./No,hedidn't.SimplePastShowyourexample1.I________(buy)anewdictionarythedaybeforeyesterday.

2.-What____you

(do)yesterday?

-I_______

(goshopping).

3.They________(be)herehalfanhourago.

4.________youoften_______(play)gameslastterm？

5.She_____________(notreturn)methebookyesterday.

6.Thegirl______(get)upveryearlythismorning.

7.They_______(take)photosneartheriveranhourago.

8.We___________(notwatch)TVyesterday.Let'spracticeboughtdidwentshoppingwereplaydidn'treturngottookdidn'twatchdoDidSimplePastPresentContinuous

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)Whendoweusethepresentcontinuoustense?1.當(dāng)需要表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的動作時(shí)。eg：現(xiàn)在他們在跳舞。They

now.aredancingTom此刻正在做作業(yè)。Tom

homeworkatthemoment.isdoingTip此時(shí)態(tài)中謂語動詞需為延續(xù)性動詞，其變形為v.-ing方法詳見7下121頁。此時(shí)時(shí)間狀語常為now,atthemoment......PresentContinuousStructuream/is/are+現(xiàn)在分詞(v.-ing)Whendoweusethepresentcontinuoustense?2.當(dāng)需要表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作時(shí)。eg：我在清江外國語學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)。I

inQingjiangForeignLanguageSchool.amstudying我們打算明天去野餐。We

haveapicnictomorrow.aregoingtoPresentContinuous3.某些位移動詞常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來，有“意圖，安排，打算”的含義。Let'stryHe

isplayingthepianonow.他現(xiàn)在正在彈鋼琴。否定句He

isn'tplayingthepianonow.一般疑問句Isheplayingthepianonow?對第一句的playingthepiano提問Whatis

hedoing

now？Yes,heis./No,heisn't.PresentContinuousShowyourexampleLet'spractice1.Look!Theboy______withhismotherinthepool.

A.wasswimmingB.isswimmingC.areswimmingD.areswiming

2.-WhatisTomdoingintheclassroom?

-He______somethingontheblackboard.

A.drawsB.drawC.isdrawingD.aredrawing.

3.It'steno'clockandJack______still______hishomework.

A.is,doB.is,doingC.are,doD.are,doing

4.I______aletter,soIcan’tgooutwithyou.

A.iswritingB.amwriteingC.amwritingD.amwritting

5.Don’tmakesomuchnoise.We_____tothemusic.

A.arelisteningB.listenC.listenedD.havelistenedPresentContinuous-Whatareyoudoingnow?-WearehavingourEnglishclassnow.PresentContinuous

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)Structure:am/is/are+現(xiàn)在分詞(v.-ing)-Whatwereyoudoingatthistimeyesterday?-WewerehavingourEnglishclass,too.PastContinuous

過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)Structure:was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞(v.-ing)PastContinuous

過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)Whendoweusethepastcontinuoustense?1.當(dāng)需要表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)正在進(jìn)行的動作時(shí)。eg：昨天晚上8點(diǎn)我爸在看電視。Myfather

at8:00lastnight.waswatchingTV我今早上走的時(shí)候他在看報(bào)紙。He

whenIleftthismorning.wasreadinganewspaperTip此時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語通常是表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，比如：atthis/thattime,atthatmoment,then,at~o'clock,whensb.didsth...PastContinuousWhendoweusethepastcontinuoustense?2.當(dāng)需要表示過去某段時(shí)間內(nèi)持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動作時(shí)。eg：昨晚8點(diǎn)到9點(diǎn)我們在玩游戲。We

from8:00to9:00lastnight.wereplayinggames我媽媽今天整個(gè)上午都在打掃衛(wèi)生。Mymom

thewholemorningtoday.wasdoingsomecleaningTip此時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語通常是表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間段，比如：from...to...,thewhole...,while...PastContinuousHe

wasplayingthepianoatthattime.他那時(shí)候在彈鋼琴。否定句He

wasnotplayingthepianoatthattime.一般疑問句Washeplayingthepianoatthattime？對第一句的wasplayingthepiano提問Whatwashedoingatthattime？Yes,hewas./No,hewasn't.Let'stryPastContinuousShowyourexample1.What_____yourgrandfather_____atthistimeyesterday?

A.is...doingB.was...doingC.did..doD.had...done

2.____you______ameetingatfouryesterdayafternoon?

A.Were...havingB.Was...havingC.Did...haveD.Do...have

3.-Icalledyouathalfpasteightlastnight,butnobodyanswered.

-Oh,I______inmyofficeatthattime.

A.willworkB.wasworkingC.workedD.hadworked

4.Hisfamily_____TVfromtentotwelvelastnight.

A.watchedB.werewatchingC.hadwatchedD.waswatching

5.LiLei______alettertohisfriendlastweek.

A.wasgettingB.wasgotC.getsD.got

Let'spracticePastContinuous

HewatchedTVlastnight.

HewaswatchingTVatninelastnight.

Let'scompare（過去時(shí)間lastnight,用一般過去時(shí)）(過去時(shí)間lastnight+點(diǎn)時(shí)間atnine,用過去進(jìn)行時(shí))Tip一般過去時(shí)態(tài)表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，而過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻或一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動作。Areyoureadytopracticemore?1.Wecantfindhimanywhere.Perhapshe______home.

A.isgoingB.wentC.hascomeD.wouldcome

2.Theteachertoldusthatthesun______biggerthantheearth.

A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.willbe

3.Couldyoutellmewheretherailwaystation______?

A.wasB.isC.willbeD.wouldbe

4.Pleasedon'tleavetheofficeuntilyourfriend______back.

A.cameB.comesC.havecomeD.willcome

5.Listen!Someone______inthenextroom.

A.criedB.cryingC.iscryingD.hascriedLet'spracticemore6.Itseemedthattheoldman______forsomethingoverthere.

A.looksB.lookedC.waslookingD.haslooked

7.Youmuststudyhardifyou______wanttofailtheexam.

A.won'tB.don'tC.haven'tD.hadn't

8.I'mChinese.Where______from?

A.doyoucomeB.youarecomingC.yo