2023年考研英語(yǔ)閱讀新增題型通關(guān)秘籍

第頁(yè)共頁(yè)2023年考研英語(yǔ)閱讀新增題型通關(guān)秘籍2023年考研英語(yǔ)閱讀新增題型通關(guān)秘籍2023年考研英語(yǔ)閱讀新增題型通關(guān)秘籍第一部分閱讀理解B節(jié)備選題型1第一節(jié)考綱要求分析與考試重點(diǎn)概述根據(jù)《2023年全國(guó)碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)考試大綱〔非英語(yǔ)專業(yè)〕說(shuō)明》，閱讀理解B節(jié)部分，主要考察考生對(duì)諸如連接性、一致性等語(yǔ)段特征以及文章構(gòu)造的理解。此題型的內(nèi)容是一篇總長(zhǎng)度為500~600詞的文章，其中有5段空白，文章后有6~7段文字，要求考生根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容從這6~7段文字中選擇出5個(gè)答案，分別放進(jìn)文章中5個(gè)空白處。此題型所考文章不僅從長(zhǎng)度上長(zhǎng)于閱讀理解A節(jié)中的文章〔每篇約400~450詞〕，閱讀量大，而且在文字難度和做題要求上也都高于A節(jié)。A節(jié)中的文章是完好的，在通讀文章或查讀細(xì)節(jié)時(shí)，思路不會(huì)被打斷。而此題型文章中有5處空白，在閱讀過(guò)程中，假設(shè)不明白文章的主旨和段落主題、作者的寫(xiě)作意圖，就很難順暢地讀下去、讀明白，自然就很難選出正確答案。而一個(gè)空填錯(cuò)勢(shì)必又影響到對(duì)另外一個(gè)空的選擇。另外，此題有5個(gè)空白處，卻提供6~7個(gè)選項(xiàng)〔根據(jù)大綱〕，因此有1~2個(gè)選項(xiàng)是多余的干擾選項(xiàng)，從而又加大了選出正確答案的難度。該題型要求考生從整體上把握文章的邏輯構(gòu)造和內(nèi)容上的聯(lián)絡(luò)，理解句子之間、段落之間的.關(guān)系，對(duì)諸如連接性、一致性等語(yǔ)段特征有較強(qiáng)的意識(shí)和純熟的把握，并具備運(yùn)用語(yǔ)法知識(shí)分析理解長(zhǎng)難句的才能?？梢哉f(shuō)，此題型是對(duì)語(yǔ)言才能和閱讀理解才能的綜合測(cè)試，因此在要求上遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于這兩種題型，考生有必要對(duì)這類題型的答題思路多練習(xí)，以進(jìn)步自己在這個(gè)部分的應(yīng)試才能。第二節(jié)考綱樣題分析與詳解我們先以2023年大綱所附樣題為例，概括地分析一下此類題型的命題特點(diǎn)及解題思路。然后我們?cè)賹?duì)解題思路進(jìn)展全面的歸納和總結(jié)。大綱樣題PartBSleOneDirections:Inthefollowingarticle,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41~45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelist［A］~［G］tofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Therearetwoextrachoiceswhichdonotfitinanyofthegaps.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)(41).Veryoccasionallytherocksshowimpressionofskin,sothat,apartfromcolor,wecanbuildupareasonablyaccuratepictureofananimalthatdiedmillionsofyearsago.Thekindofrockinwhichtheremainsarefoundtellsusmuchaboutthenatureoftheoriginalland,oftenoftheplantsthatgrewonit,andevenofitsclimate.(42).Nearlyallofthefossilsthatweknowwerepreservedinrocksformedbywateraction,andmostoftheseareofanimalsthatlivedinornearwater.Thusitfollowsthattheremustbemanykindsofmammals,birds,andinsectsofwhichweknownothing.(43).Therewerealsocrab-likecreatures,whosebodieswerecoveredwithahornysubstance.Thebodysegmentseachhadtwopairsoflegs,onepairforwalkingonthesandybottom,theotherforswimming.Theheadwasakindofshieldwithapairofpoundeyes,oftenwiththousandsoflenses.Theywereusuallyaninchortwolongbutsomewere2feet.(44).Ofthese,theammonitesareveryinterestingandimportant.Theyhaveashellposedofmanychambers,eachrepresentingatemporaryhomeoftheanimal.Astheyounggrewlargeritgrewanewchamberandsealedoffthepreviousone.ThousandsofthesecanbeseenintherocksontheDorsetCoast.(45).About75millionyearsagotheAgeofReptileswasoverandmostofthegroupsdiedout.Themammalsquicklydeveloped,andwecantracetheevolutionofmanyfamiliaranimalssuchastheelephantandhorse.Manyofthelatermammals,thoughnowextinct,wereknowntoprimitivemanandwerefeaturedbyhimincavepaintingsandonbonecarvings.［A］Theshellfishhavealonghistoryintherockandmanydifferentkindsareknown.［B］Nevertheless,weknowagreatdealaboutmanyofthembecausetheirbonesandshellshavebeenpreservedintherocksasfossils.Fromthem,wecantelltheirsizeandshape,howtheywalked,thekindoffoodtheyate.［C］Thefirstanimalswithtruebackboneswerefishes,firstknownintherocksof375millionyearsago.About300millionyearsagothehibians,theanimalsabletolivebothonlandandinwater,appeared.Theyweregiant,sometimes8feetlong,andmanyofthemlivedintheswypoolsinwhichourcoalseam,orlayer,formed.Thehibiansgaverisetothereptilesandfornearly150millionyearstheseweretheprincipalformsoflifeonland,inthesea,andintheair.［E］Theearliestanimalswhoseremainshavebeenfoundwereallverysimplekindsandlivedinthesea.Laterformsaremoreplex,andamongthesearethesea-lilies,relationsofthestar-fishes,whichhadlongarmsandwereattachedbyalongstalktotheseabed,ortorocks.［F］Whenananimaldies,thebody,itsbones,orshell,mayoftenbecarriedawaybystreamsintolakesortheseaandtheregetcoveredbymud.Iftheanimallivedintheseaitsbodywouldprobablysinkandbecoveredwithmud.Moreandmoremudwouldfalluponituntilthebonesorshellbeeembeddedandpreserved.［G］Manyfactorscaninfluencehowfossilsarepreservedinrocks.Remainsofanorganismmaybereplacedbyminerals,dissolvedbyanacidicsolutiontoleaveonlytheirimpression,orsimplyreducedtoamorestableform.解題思路：本文文章部分共332字，備選答案部分字?jǐn)?shù)為317字，總數(shù)達(dá)649字。閱讀如此長(zhǎng)的文章并做對(duì)題，要求考生具有較強(qiáng)的閱讀理解才能，掌握正確的閱讀方法。首先，通篇略讀原文，把握要點(diǎn)詞句〔文中黑斜體部分為要點(diǎn)詞句，以下同〕，以便對(duì)文章主旨、各段根本主題以及邏輯構(gòu)造獲得一個(gè)概括性理解。第二段首句指出：偶爾根據(jù)石頭里所顯示出來(lái)的印記，我們可以合理地推斷出幾百萬(wàn)年前滅絕了的某種動(dòng)物的準(zhǔn)確形狀，盡管不能確定其顏色。此句前后是因果關(guān)系，提到了rocks，結(jié)果是sothat…wecanbuildup…picture。后面又接著講rocksinwhichtheremainsarefound。由此可知，這些是本段的要點(diǎn)詞語(yǔ)。第三段中信息是：我們所知道的所有化石幾乎都是由于水的作用而被保存在了石頭中，而且大多都是生活在水里或水邊的動(dòng)物。因此，肯定存在過(guò)許多我們一無(wú)所知的哺乳動(dòng)物、鳥(niǎo)類和昆蟲(chóng)類?？瞻缀蟮谝痪涫莻€(gè)并列句，主語(yǔ)分別是Nearlyallofthefossils和mostofthese(thefossils)，而且都與wateraction有關(guān)。這為答復(fù)第42題提供了主要線索。第四段中提供的信息是：還有像螃蟹一樣的動(dòng)物，其身體外表是一層角狀物。接下來(lái)此段詳細(xì)介紹了這類動(dòng)物的外貌特征。此處要點(diǎn)詞語(yǔ)是also和crab-likecreatures，說(shuō)明上一句也在描繪某種海生物。這為答復(fù)第43題提供了主要線索。第五段空白后第一句中有指代詞ofthese，these必定指代前文提到的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。緊接著提到的ammonite