英國(guó)文學(xué)期末考試重點(diǎn)

中世紀(jì)文學(xué)（約5世紀(jì)-1485）乂8由雙球LiteratureFeatures(F)ldEnglish-modernEnglishGeoffreyChaucerWorks(W).TheCanterburyTalesborrowedfromDecameron十日談30pilgrimspilgrimageThebookoftheDuchess/Theparliamentoffowls/ThehouseoffameStatus⑸Status⑸.The14thcentury--theageofChaucer/thefatherofEnglishpoetryCharacteristics(C):theheroiccouplet英雄雙韻體iambicpentameter五步抑揚(yáng)格usemiddleEnglishinfluencedbyFrench(Theromauntoftherose)andItalian(TroilusandCriseyde)Beowulf--oldestsurvivalepicAnglo-SaxonPeriod二.文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期文學(xué)(15世紀(jì)后期-17世紀(jì)初)TheAgeofRenaissanceF：theinfluenceofhumanismDiversityofgenreandcontentflourish:theElizabethAgeDecline:periodofJamesThomasMore：Utopia(distopia)EdmundSpenser:TheFaerieQueenSpenserian斯賓塞詩(shī)體FrancisBacon^-philosopherEducatorStatesmanScientistessayistW:Essays/Advancementoflearning/NewAtlantisOfMarriageandSingleLifeP19ForcharitywillhardlywaterthegroundwhileitmustfirstfillapoolWivesareyoungmen’smistresses,companionsformiddleage,andoldmen’snurses.Studiesservefordelight,forornament,andforability.Tospendtoomuchtimeinstudiesissloth;tousethemtoomuchforornamentisaffectation.Theyperfectnature,andareperfectedbyexperience.Readnottocontradictandconfute,nortobelieveandtakeforgranted,nortofindtalkanddiscourse,buttoweighandconsider.Readingmakethafullman,conferenceareadyman,andwritinganexactman.Historiesmakemenwise,poets,witty,themathematics,subtle;naturalphilosophy,deep;moral,grave;logicandrhetoric,abletocontend.Induction歸納法deduction演繹法C：^,EnglishMaterialisticPhilosopherFounderofmodernscienceinEnglandWilliamShakespeareC，~usemodernEnglishS，,oneofthefoundersofrealismW:154sonnets38plays(historical,comedies,tragedies)210ngpoemsHamletP9Tobeornottobe,thatisaquestionWhether'tisnoblerinthemindtosufferTheslingsandarrowsofoutrageousfortune,Ortotakearmsagainstaseaof

troubles,Andbyopposingendthem.Todie:tosleep;Nomore;andbyasleeptosayweendTheheart-ache,andthethousandnaturalshocksThatfleshisheirto,'tisaconsummationDevoutlytobewish'd.Todie,tosleep; Tosleep:perchancetodream:aye,there'stherub;Forinthatsleepofdeathwhatdreamsmaycome,Whenwehaveshuffledoffthismortalcoil,Mustgiveuspause:there'stherespectThatmakescalamityofsolonglife;正劇(悲喜劇)youthplay羅密歐與朱麗葉(RomeoandJuliet)悲劇o馬克白(Macbeth)又譯：麥克白、麥克白斯、麥克佩斯o李爾王(KingLear)o哈姆雷特(Hamlet)o奧賽羅(Othello)喜劇《威尼斯商人》TheMerchantofVenice--dualityofShylock1.brutality2.victimofracialprejudice《仲夏夜之夢(mèng)》AMidsummerNight'sDream《皆大歡喜》AsYouLikeIt《第十二夜》TwelfthNight三17世紀(jì)文學(xué)(Early17th-late17th)Metaphysical(形而上學(xué)的)poems玄學(xué)詩(shī)/theinfluenceofrevolutionJohnMiltonrevolutionarywriterJohnMiltonrevolutionarywriterW:ParadiseLost/ParadiseRegained/SamsonAgonistesJohnDonne玄學(xué)派詩(shī)人Metaphysicalpoets別出心裁的比喻conceitW：Elegie,breakofday(還有AndrewMarvell)TheFleaP25JohnBunyanThePilgrim'sProgress四啟蒙時(shí)期文學(xué)(17世紀(jì)后期18世紀(jì)中期)ageofadventure散文世紀(jì)JohnathanSwiftIrishwriterageofreasonposthumouschild遺腹子CJ-satire/satirist/satirize/satiricalW：amodestproposalGulliversTravel小人國(guó)Lilliputabilityandinabilityeverhthingisrelative,ridiculouscauseofwars大人國(guó)Brobdingnagcorruptionskillsandability飛島國(guó)Laputa--abuseofscience,thinklogically惠馬國(guó)HouynhnmsyahoodefamiliarizationSamuelJohnsonDanielDefoeW：robinsoncrusoe/thereviewS：thefatherofEnglishfiction五浪漫主義時(shí)期文學(xué)(1798-1832)1卜@AgeofRomanticismsilverageofpoetry,emphasizeonimaginationandnature,individualsasthecenterofartRobertBurnsscottishpeasantW:thetreeofliberty/AuldLangSyne(longago)AredredroseO,myluve’slikearedredrose,that’snewlysprunginJuneO,myluve’slikethemelodie,that’ssweetlyplay’dntune.WilliamWordsworthS:PoetLaureateRomanticpoetLakepoetSelf-consciousrealm強(qiáng)烈情感的自然流溢W:Iwandered10nHyasadoudP63emotionrecollectedintranquilityGeorgeGordonByronC:Byronichero--fierypassion,unbendingwill,idealoffreedom,againsttyrannyandinjustice,lonefighter/individualisticendsShewalksinbeautySosoft,socalm,yeteloquent.Transferredepithet移就PercyByssheShelley六現(xiàn)實(shí)主義時(shí)期文學(xué)（19世紀(jì)30年代一1918）TheAgeofRealismConcernofsocialproblems，variousgenresRobertBrowning戲劇獨(dú)白dramaticmonologueW:PeterpassesMylastDuchessDuke:arrogantpretentioushypocriticaljealouspossessiveselfishcruelDuchess；easy-goingobedientkindJaneAustenW:PrideandPrejudice/EmmaCharlotteBronteW:JaneEyreEmilyBronteW:WutheringHeightsAnneBronteCharlesDickens19世紀(jì)英國(guó)最偉大的小說(shuō)家W:OliverTwist/DavidCopperfield/GreatExpectation/bleakhouse/ataleoftwocities