高中英語 Unit1 Women of achievement學案11

更上一層樓基礎·鞏固Ⅰ.改錯computerandeachoperatorhavebeenmovedtotheair-conditionedhouse._____________________________________________________________womanwithtwochildrenhavegonetotheGreatWall._____________________________________________________________isoneofthebestnovelsthathasappearedthisyear._____________________________________________________________policehascaughtthemurderer._____________________________________________________________arethebaseofallothersciences._____________________________________________________________UnitedNationsaremadeupofmorethan160countries._____________________________________________________________areagreatsocialistcountry._____________________________________________________________standalamp,avaseandsomebooksonthedesk._____________________________________________________________aretwomenintheroom;theoldaretheyoung’sfather._____________________________________________________________knownarelessexcitingthantheunknown._____________________________________________________________答案:→has兩個并列主語被each修飾時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)?！鷋as主語后有with短語時，謂語動詞與前面的主語一致?！鷋avenovels為先行詞，定語從句用復數(shù)動詞?！鷓oliceman或has→havepolice一般接復數(shù)謂語動詞?！鷌s學科名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)?！鷌s以-s結(jié)尾的專有名詞作主語,謂語動詞用單數(shù)?！鷌s名詞性物主代詞ours代指ourcountry，謂語動詞應用單數(shù)?！鷖tandsthere引導的句子，謂語動詞與鄰近的主語一致。9.后一個are→istheold在此表示個體?！鷌stheknown代指抽象概念。Ⅱ.翻譯1.在社會福利方面,他們也取得了很大成績。(achieve)_____________________________________________________________2.她畢生從事科學工作。(devote...to...)_____________________________________________________________3.這個問題值得考慮。(worth/worthy/worthwhile)_____________________________________________________________4.有人看到他們進入銀行。(observe)_____________________________________________________________5.你會感冒實在不尋常。(Itisunusual...)_____________________________________________________________6.我們要尊重他們的民族風俗。(respect)_____________________________________________________________7.他的話鼓舞我們更加努力地工作。(inspire)_____________________________________________________________8.舊社會婦女受歧視。(lookdownupon)_____________________________________________________________9.我們學生應該相互關(guān)心相互幫助。(carefor)_____________________________________________________________10.由于生病,這個報告他不能做了。(deliver)_____________________________________________________________答案:blemisworthconsidering.Theproblemisworthyofconsideration/beingconsidered.Theproblemisworthytobeconsidered.It’sworthwhileconsidering/toconsidertheproblem.wereobservedenteringthebank.isunusualforyoutocatchacold.mustrespecttheirnationalcustoms.wordsinspiredustoworkharder.theoldsocietywomenwerelookeddownupon.studentsshouldcareforeachotherandhelpeachother.couldn’tdeliverthelectureowingtohisillness.Ⅲ.選擇填空1.(2004上海高考)Chineseartshavewonthe________ofalotofpeopleoutsideChina.答案:B解對本題要精確把握題意和四個選項的含義。enjoyment意為“享樂;快樂”；appreciation意為“欣賞”；entertainment是“娛樂”之意；reputation意為“聲譽”。結(jié)合本題的含義“中國藝術(shù)贏得的是別國人民的欣賞、贊譽”，可以確定本處應填appreciation。2.(2004全國高考Ⅱ)Thescientistsarelooking________theproblemwithairpollutioninthecity.答案:A解對本題要弄清這四個短語的區(qū)別。lookinto意為“調(diào)查，研究（……的原因）”,lookfor意為“尋找……”,lookafter意為“照料某人（物）”,lookaround意為“環(huán)顧四周”。結(jié)合題意“科學家們正在調(diào)查這個城市的空氣污染問題”可知，此處應用lookinto。3.(2003上海高考)Somepassengerscomplainthatitusually________solongtofillintravelinsurancedocuments.答案:B據(jù)solong提示，應選擇“花(時間）”。后面tofillin...用的是不定式的形式，cost,spend都不能與之連用。而take作“花時間”講的結(jié)構(gòu)是“ittakestimetodosth.”，正符合題意。4.(2004重慶高考)Ifailedinthefinalexaminationlasttermandonlythen________theimportanceofstudies.realizedhadrealizedIrealized Irealized答案:Dthen即為failedinthefinalexamination之時，應用一般過去時，排除B、C兩項。onlythen作狀語置于句首，起強調(diào)作用，句子要部分倒裝，排除A項。5.(2003全國高考)—There’scoffeeandtea,youcanhave________.—Thanks.答案:A按常理講，別人請你喝點什么，通常是讓你從供選飲料中選一種。Youcanhaveeither正有讓人來選的意思。如果使用each或one都表示前面只提到同一種物品。如果用it，則表示前面只有一種物品，并且是單數(shù)，這和原題是相矛盾的。thereislittletimeleft,we________theworkaswellaswecan.to doingdeterminedtodo determineddoing答案:CB、D兩項動詞用法錯誤，A項時態(tài)錯誤，故選擇C項。lookingafterhersickmotherfortwoyears,shebadlyneededaholiday.devoted bedevoted havedevoted答案:B本題句意為:兩年來她一直照顧生病的媽媽，她現(xiàn)在非常需要一個假期。不定式一般不放在句首作原因狀語，排除掉C、D兩項。A項中devote缺少賓語，也應予以排除。B項中，過去分詞devoted作狀語表示動作的完成和被動。試比較:Havingdevotedtwoyearstolookingafterhersickmother,shebadlyneededaholiday.此句中devote后接twoyears作賓語，故可用devote的主動形式。childrenarewell________inthenurseries.forcareabout答案:A此處carefor意為“關(guān)懷、照顧”。B項搭配錯誤，應為takencareof；C項動詞形式錯誤，意思也不合適；D項也不正確，因為care作及物動詞意為“介意、計較”?！痶________therolewomencanplay.downdownupon uponon答案:Blookdownupon/on意為“輕視，看不起”。句意為:不要小看婦女的作用。rescueteamswenttothe________areasafterSunday’searthquakeandtsunamiintheIndianOcean.答案:Cstriking意為“引人注目的，顯著的”；stricken意為“受災害侵襲的，受害的”。作定語常用stricken而不用struck。strickenareas意為“災區(qū)”。綜合·應用Ⅳ.閱讀理解AAGiantLeapforChinaAfewdaysago,hewasjustColonel（上校）Yang;fewpeopleknewhisnameorrecognizedhislastThursday,whenhecamebacktotheearthaftera21-hourtriptospace,YangLiwei’ssmilewasseenacrosstheworldabovethemagicwords:“China’sfirstspaceman”.The38-year-oldastronautwassentintospaceat9a.WednesdaybyChina’sShenzhouⅤspacecraft,whichorbitedtheearth14landedsafelyat6:23a.nextday,makingChinathethirdcountrysuccessfullysendapersonintospace,aftertheformerSovietUnionandtheUS.Yangwassatisfiedwithhisjob.“Ihaveseenmanylandingscenesbeforeonvideo,andIthinkourswasoneofthemostsuccessful,”HesaidonaspecialplanetoBeijingafterintoanordinaryfamilyinLiaoningProvince,hebecameapilotintheChineseAirForcein1987,spending1350hoursinthejoinedtheChinesespaceprogramme11yearslater.Whileinspace,YangrecordedeverythinghesawaswellasshowingChina’snationalflagandtheUnitedNations’flagtothepeoplewatchingonTVatalsoateamealofdicedchickenandfriedrice,beforetakinga3-hourwholeprojectwentaccordingtoplan,butspaceexplorationisnotaseasyasitseems.AnyonewhosawthedestructionoftheUSspaceshuttleColumbiainFebruarythisyearwillknowthatYangtookagreatrisk.Heexperiencedextremelyhightemperatures,whilethegravitation(重力)ontake-offandlandingwerestrongenoughtoforcetearsfromhiseyes.Hehasspentfiveyearstrainingtobecomeaspaceman.“Ieatallofmymealsatthespaceprogramme’sdinningroomandhaveneverbeenabletotakemysontokindergarten,”hesaid.“I’venevermethisteachers.”ButbecomingChina’sfirstspacemanhasmadealltheeffortworthwhile.“WhenIboardedthespacecraftforthefirsttime,Icouldn’thelpfeelingexcited,”hesaid.“IdecidedthatIhadtoflyit.”ToChinesepeople,YangisnowavisitortoaXinhuanewsagencyonlineforum（網(wǎng)上論壇）said,“Yang’stripisagiantleapforwardforChina.”O(jiān)fficialssaythenextShenzhouwillbelaunchedbyalsoplanstodevelopspacewalkingandaspacelab.isthemainideaofthestory？’sfirstmannedflight.herowithgreatcourage.firstChinesemaninspace.YangLiweibecameChina’sfirstspaceman.longdideachofYang’sorbitstakeonaverage？hour.hours.hours.storydidn’tmentionit.didthewritermentionthegravitationforcesontake-offandlanding？itwasthemostdangerouspartofthespaceflight.itwasaveryspecialexperience.stresshowmuchtraininghehadtodotopreparefortheflight.showthatYangisbrave.didthewriteruse“giantleap”inthetitle？thespaceflightmarkedChina’sgreatprogressinthefieldofspaceexploration.NeilArmstrongsaiditwasa“giantleap”formankindwhenhefirstsetfootonthemoon.thespaceflightwasahugesuccess.AandB.passageismostlikelytoappearin________. magazines （傳記）答案:C主旨題。全文主要講述了楊利偉，并非介紹中國首次載人太空飛行。計算題。根據(jù)第二段提到的時間和飛船繞地球飛行的圈數(shù)可計算出結(jié)果。判斷題。從第五段和第六段“experienceextremelyhightemperature”和“forcetearsfromhiseyes”中可得出答案。綜合判斷題。從文中對“神舟”五號成功升天的評價可知A項符合題意，B項所涉及的知識已成為眾所周知的歷史常識，而且文章倒數(shù)第二段也曾提及，故D項為正確答案。從文章結(jié)構(gòu)松散、引語訪談較多可知這是一篇新聞報道，應該最有可能刊登在報紙上，而不是課本、科學雜志或傳記里面。B(2004年全國高考Ⅲ)Likemanyloversofbooks,Maryandherhusband,RichardGoldman,seldomwalkedpastabookstorewithoutstoppingtolookoftentalkedofopeningtheirownstoreoneday.WhenMarywashospitalizedwithhearttroublein1989,theydecideditwastimetoget,whoworkedforabusinesscompany,waseagertoworkforhimself,andMaryneededtoslowdownfromherdemandingjob.Theystartedbytalkingtobookstoreownersandresearchingtheindustry.“Weknewithadtobeaspecialtystorebecausewecouldn’tmatchthebigchainsdollarfordollar,”saysfigurecaughtherattention:She’dreadsomewherethatroughly20percentofbookssoldweremysteries(推理小說),andmanybuyersspentmorethan＄300ayearonandRichardwerethemselvesmysteryreaders.OnHalloween1992,theyopenedtheMysteryLoversBookshopandCaféneartheirthreechildrenincollege,thecouplecouldnotspendallthefamily’smoneytostartacoverthe＄100000cost,theydrewsomeoftheirsavings,borrowedfromrelativesandfromabank.Thestoremerelybrokeeveninitsfirstyear,withonly＄120000inMarywasalwayscomingupwithnewwaystoattractshophadacoffeebaranditofferedgiftstomysteryloversandserveddimmersforbookclubsthatmetinthealsoinviteddozensofwriterstodiscusstheirstories.TodayMysteryLoversmakessalesofabout＄420000apayingtaxes,businesscostsandthesixpart-timesalesclerks,RichardandMarytogetherearnabout＄34000.“Thejobyoulovemaynotgohandinhandwithamillion-dollarincome,”saysRichard.“Thishasalwaysbeenaboutanenjoyablelifeforourselves,notaboutmakingalotofmoney.”Marywasinhospital,thecouplerealizedthat________.hadtoputtheirplanintopracticewasmoreimportantthanwealthtroublewasaseriousillnessbothneededtostopworkingMarygotwellfromherillnesstheybegan________.studyindustrialmanagementbuyandreadmoremysterybooksdomarketresearchonbookbusinessworkhardertowavemoneyforthebookstoredidtheirbookstoredointhefirstyear？hadtoborrowmoneytokeepitgoing.madejustenoughtocoverallthecosts.succeededinearningalotofmoney.failedthoughtheyworkedhark.輕toRichard,themainpurposeofrunningthebookstoreis________.payfortheirchildren’seducationgettoknowmorewriterssetupmorebookstoresdowhattheyliketodo答案:本篇介紹了一對愛書的夫妻，把開書店的想法變成現(xiàn)實，并設法提高了效益。第一段提他們開書店的愿望，第二段講Mary被送進醫(yī)院，兩人認為到了認真考慮(而不是說說而已）開書店的事兒——丈夫要給自己干活，妻子須減緩節(jié)奏。第三段講Mary和Richard同業(yè)內(nèi)人士交談，搞市場調(diào)查，了解相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)等。這是Mary出院后的事兒。第五段開頭一句可知:書店在頭一年就幾乎倒閉，銷售總額只120000美元。篇章最后一段說明了Richard的觀點:你愛干工作未必就有豐厚的收入。(開書店）是一種他們所喜愛的生活，而不是發(fā)大財。視野·新知你還想對其他有成就的婦女做進一步的了解嗎？你想知道美國最有名的女脫口秀主持人嗎？那就仔細讀下面這篇文章吧！America’sBelovedBestFriendOprahWinfreyrevolutionizedthetalkshowmarketwithheruniqueandnaturalstyleandrosetobecomethehostofthemostwatcheddaytimeshowontelevision,whichboasts22millionviewersdaily(three-fourthsofwhomarewomen).SheisthefirstAfricanAmericantoownherownTVmultitalentedWinfreyisalsoamillionairebusinesswoman,atalentedactress,ownerofamovieproductioncompany,andcommittedphilanthropist(慈善家）.“IwastaughttoreadatanearlythetimeIwasthree,Iwasrecitingspeechesinthe’dputmeupontheprogram,andsay,’LittleMistressWinfreywillrenderarecitation,’andIwoulddo‘JesusroseonEasterDay,Hallelujah,Hallelujah,alltheangelsdidproclaim.’”O(jiān)prahWinfrey’spublicspeakingcareerbeganinthree,shewasspeakinginchurch,byherteensshewastouringthechurchesofNashville,recitingthesermonsofJamesWeldonchildrensang,Oprahshe’sstilltalking—buttomuchlargerpaththatledfromhergrandmother’sfarminKosciusko,MississippitobecomingthefirstAfrican-Americanwomanbillionaireisastoryofunwavering(不動搖的）focusandunrelenting(不屈不撓的)determination.Taughttoreadbyhergrandmotheratanagewhenmostchildrenareonlylearningtotalk,Oprahbecameavoracious(如饑似渴的)reader—ahabitsheretainstothisbecameheroutlettotheworldandthebasisofherpassionatebeliefinactressofcallherlucky,butOprahWinfreydoesn’tbelieveinbelieves“l(fā)uckispreparationmeetingopportunity.”Herrisefromreadingthenewsonasmallradiostationtobeingthefirstwomaninhistorytoownandproduceherowntelevisiontalkshowprovesherpoint.Aseekeroftruthinherselfandinothers,herempathy(執(zhí)著）,honesty,andloveofpeoplehavemadeheroneofthemostbelovedwomeninAmerica;ateacherwhoeducatesadevotedaudienceaboutsubjectsasvariedassexualabuse,divorce,children’sissues,andcountlessotherimportantsubjects;aclosefriendwhovisitsover20millionhomesaday.【個性思考】Doyouthinkwhyawonderfulhostorhostessshouldhaveagoodknowledgeofeverything？Inmyview_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________MarieCurieBiographyMarieCurie,néeMariaSklodowska,wasborninWarsawonNovember7,1867,thedaughterofasecondary-schoolreceivedageneraleducationinlocalschoolsandsomescientifictrainingfromherbecameinvolvedinastudents’revolutionary(革命的)organizationandfounditprudent(深謀遠慮的)toleaveWarsaw,theninthepartofPolanddominatedbyRussia,forCracow,whichatthattimewasunderAustrian1891,shewenttoParistocontinueherstudiesattheSorbonnewheresheobtainedLicentiateshipsinPhysicsandtheMathematicalmetPierreCurie,professorintheSchoolofPhysics,in1894andinthefollowingyeartheyweresucceededherhusbandasHeadofthePhysicsLaboratoryattheSorbonne,gainedherDoctorofSciencedegreein1903,andfollowingthetragic(悲劇的)deathofPierreCuriein1906,shetookhisplaceasProfessorofGeneralPhysicsintheFaculty(系,院)ofSciences,thefirsttimeawomanhadheldthiswasalsoappointed(委派)DirectoroftheCurieLaboratoryintheRadiumInstituteoftheUniversityofParis,foundedin1914.Herearlyresearches,togetherwithherhusband,wereoftenperformedunderdifficultconditions,laboratoryarrangementswerepoorandbothhadtoundertakemuchteachingtoearnalivelihood(生計）.Thediscoveryofradioactivity(放射能）by