國際交流英語視聽說

國際交流英語視聽說第1頁/共46頁Lookatthephoto.Howolddoyouthinkthesegaspumpsare?Howmuchdoyouthinkaliterofgascostwhenthesepumpswereinuse?Howwouldyourlifebedifferentifgasolinecosttwiceasmuchasitdoesnow?ApairofvintagegaspumpsinadesertlandscapeQuestions第2頁/共46頁

ExampleAnswer1Automobileswerefirstmass-producedaround110yearsago.Thepumpsdon’tlookthatold,butIthinkthepumpsareprobably70or80yearsold.Lookatthephoto.Howolddoyouthinkthesegaspumpsare?Questions第3頁/共46頁

ExampleAnswer2Ithinkthepumpsare50or60yearsold.Gaspumpsolderthanthathadlargeglasscontainersontop.Youpumpedthegasolineintothecontainer.Thengravitymovedthegasdownahoseandintoyourcar’sgastank.Lookatthephoto.Howolddoyouthinkthesegaspumpsare?Questions第4頁/共46頁

ExampleAnswer3Idon’tthinkthepumpsareveryold.They’vebeenoutside,sotheweatherhaswornawaythepaint.Butthedesignisfairlymodern,sotheymightbe30or40yearsold.Lookatthephoto.Howolddoyouthinkthesegaspumpsare?Questions第5頁/共46頁Howwouldyourlifebedifferentifgasolinecosttwiceasmuchasitdoesnow?

ExampleAnswer1Mylifewouldbeverydifferentbecausemyfamilyhasacar.Myparentsuseittogotowork,togoshopping,andtogooutatnight.Ifgascosttwiceasmuch,wewouldusethecarless,andonlyfornecessarytrips.Inaddition,thepriceofmanythingswouldalsogoup,sowemightnothaveenoughmoneytobuyallthethingswebuynow.Questions第6頁/共46頁Howwouldyourlifebedifferentifgasolinecosttwiceasmuchasitdoesnow?

ExampleAnswer2MylifewouldnotbeverydifferentbecauseIusuallywalkorrideabicycle.Ialsobuymostofmyfoodfromlocalfarmers,andhighergaspriceswouldn’taffectthemmuch.Idon’tbuyalotofclothing,electronics,orothergoods,sohigherpricesonthosethingswouldn’taffectmeverymuch.Questions第7頁/共46頁Lookatthephotosandthegraphicandreadthecaptions.Thendiscussthequestions.Basedontheinformationinthegraphic,whatisthemajorityofoilusedfor?Whataresomeofthethingsoilisusedforbesidestransportation?WhatalternativestooilarebeingusedinChina?Afteroil第8頁/共46頁Inourdailylives,weuseoilforawidevarietyofthings—fromfuelforourcarstomedicinetosportsshoestoplasticbagsandwaterbottles.Manypeoplebelievethatourconsumptionofoilisreachingitspeak.Oilwillneverbeascheapandcommonasitisnow.Thisgraphicshowshowatypicalbarrelofoilisused.(1barrel=42gallonsor159liters)Afteroil第9頁/共46頁Somescientistssaywemustshifttoalternativeformsofenergytoprepareforthetimewhenoursupplyofoilwillbedepleted.Findingsubstitutesforoilwillbeapriorityforscientistsandcountriesinthecomingyears.Afteroil第10頁/共46頁Basedontheinformationinthegraphic,whatisthemajorityofoilusedfor?

ExampleAnswersThemajorityofoilisusedfortransportation.Gasolineforcars,dieselfuelfortrucks,fuelforships,andjetfuelforplanescomprisethemajorityofoilusage.Heatingoilandoilforotherproductsmakeuponlyaroundaquarteroftheoilconsumed.Afteroil第11頁/共46頁Whataresomeofthethingsoilisusedforbesidestransportation?ExampleAnswersBesidestransportation,oilisalsousedforheating,manufacturing,andformakingelectricity,plastics,shoesandclothing,medicines,cosmetics,andotherproducts.Afteroil第12頁/共46頁WhatalternativestooilarebeingusedinChina?ExampleAnswersChinahasbeeninvestinglargeamountsofmoneyinrenewableenergysourcessuchassolarpowerandwindenergy.Chinaalsohasmanyhydroelectricdamsaswellasnuclearandthermoelectricpowerplants.Afteroil第13頁/共46頁RonSteinberg羅恩·斯坦伯格（人名）LeilaSparks利拉·斯帕克斯（人名）Listening1第14頁/共46頁C|ListeningforDetails.Readthestatements.Thenlistenagainandcirclethecorrectwordtocompleteeachstatement.Listening1AnswerKeys1.19702.harder3.decrease4.higher5.small6.pessimistic第15頁/共46頁RonSteinberg:Thanksforcoming,everyone.I’msureyouallhaveotherthingstodowithyourfreetime,butourtopictonightisanimportantone.I’mRonSteinberg,andI’mthepresidentofFutureFuelsInternational.We’rea...we’reagroupofscientistsworkingtofindsubstitutesforfossilfuelsofallkinds.Tonight,though,I’mgoingtotrytoanswersomeofyourquestionsaboutthepeakoiltheory.Beforewe...beforewegetstarted,itturnsoutthatyougettwospeakersthiseveninginsteadofone.Dr.LeilaSparksfromLomaxPetroleumisalsohere,andI’llletherintroduceherself.Dr.Sparks?LeilaSparks:Thankyou,Ron.AsMr.Steinbergmentioned,Iworkforacompanythatmakesavarietyofpetroleumproducts.Tobecontinued>>>Listening1第16頁/共46頁LeilaSparks:Naturally,oilisessentialforourcompany,sowe’realsoconcernedabouttheworld’soilsupplybeingdepleted.Onedifference,though...well,themaindifferencebetweenMr.Steinbergandmeisthatourscientiststellustherearestillenormousamountsofoiltobefound.We’repushingformoreexplorationtofindthosenewoilwells.RonSteinberg:Allright...Well,beforewetakeyourquestions,I’lldoaquickintroductiontothepeakoiltheory.Firstoff,weknowthescientistswilltellyouthatoilisanon-renewableresource.Oilwasformedinadifferenteraoftheearth’shistory,sooncewedepletethesupplyofoilwehavenow,that’sit.ThetheoryofpeakoilcamefromDr.M.KingHubbert.Tobecontinued>>>Listening1第17頁/共46頁RonSteinberg:Backin1956,Hubbertusedmathematicalmodels,andhethought,hepredictedthatsometimebetween1968and1972,theUnitedStateswouldproduceasmuchoilasitwasevergoingtoproduce.Inotherwords,thatwouldbethepeakofU.S.oilproduction.Infact,oilproductionintheU.S.hasbeendecliningsince1970,soDr.Hubbertwasright.TheU.S.isstillextractingoil,buttheoilwellsareinhard-to-reachplaces...placeslikeAlaskaortheGulfofMexico,andasthelevelofoilinthosewellsgoesdown,ittakesalotmoreworktoextractit,too.MaleStudent:CanIaskaquestion?RonSteinberg:Absolutely.That’swhatwe’reherefortonight.MaleStudent:I’dliketoknowwhatDr.Hubbert’smodelshavetosayabouttheworld’soilsupply.Tobecontinued>>>Listening1第18頁/共46頁LeilaSparks:Icananswerthatone.Infact,engineerstellusthatoilproductionwillprobablycontinuetoincreaseforthenext20yearsorso.Sothatmeans,they’resayingwehavesometimetomaketheshiftfromoiltootherfuels,andtofindgoodsubstitutesforplasticandotherpetroleumproducts.RonSteinberg:Er,actually,yourfactsmaybeoutofdate.Thelatestreportssaythatpeakoilproductionprobablyoccurredin2006.Ifthat’strue,itmeansthattheoilsupplywillbedecreasingwhiletheworlddemandforoilisincreasing.Expecthigherprices,folks.LeilaSparks:Hmm...Ihadn’theardthosefigures,Ron,butinanycase,findingmoreoilisahighpriorityforallofus.Tobecontinued>>>Listening1第19頁/共46頁FemaleStudent:Ihaveaquestion.Whatif,whatifthere’soilsomewherethatnobodyknowsaboutyet?Wouldn’tnewdiscoverieschangethesituation?RonSteinberg:That’sagoodquestion,andnodoubtthereisoilthathasn’tbeendiscoveredyet.Theproblemthoughisthatalltheenormous,easilydiscoveredoilfieldswerefoundyearsago,sonewdiscoverieswillbeprettysmall,ortheoilwillbedifficulttoextract,likeitisintheoilsandsinCanada.LeilaSparks:Yousoundprettypessimistic,Ron.Ihavemorehopethattheworld’sscientistswillfigurethisthingout,andLomaxPetroleumwillgoonmakingqualityproductsforalong,longtime.Tobecontinued>>>Listening1第20頁/共46頁RonSteinberg:Well,Ihopeyou’reright,butjustincaseyou’renot,weneedtoactquicklytoconservetheoilwehaveandtofindotherenergysourcesforthefuture.Listening1第21頁/共46頁Listening2ethanoln.

乙醇sugarcanen.甘蔗refinev.凈化；提煉molassesn.

糖漿，糖蜜crystaln.結(jié)晶（體）fermentv.（使）（水果、啤酒、葡萄酒等）發(fā)酵第22頁/共46頁Listening21.Whatpartofthelecturedidthestudentmiss?Howwouldyoucompletethenotes?ExampleAnswersThestudentmissedinformationinpartoneaboutwhysugarcaneisburned.Thecompletednotesshouldstate:Heatfromburningsugarcanewasteisusedtopowermillandmakeelectricity.第23頁/共46頁Student1:Ithoughtthatwasaninterestinglecturetoday.Student2:SodidI.Wasn’tethanoloneofProfessorAnderson’sresearchsubjects?Student3:Ibelieveshesaidherresearchwasoncornethanol—thebestwaytotransportit,orsomethinglikethat.Student2:Thatsoundsright.Student1:Butyouknow...therewasonethingIdidn’tunderstand.Itwasaboutthesugarcanerefiningprocess…Iftheyburnthesugarcanewaste,doesn’tthatreleaseCO2intotheair?Howis,howisthatasolutiontotheproblemofglobalwarming?Student3:Actually,Idon’tthinkshesaiditwasburned.Tobecontinued>>>Listening2第24頁/共46頁Student2:Itisburned.Themachineryatthemillisdesignedtoburnplantmaterial.Thentheheatfromburningisusedtopowerthemillandgenerateelectricity.Tome,thatseemswaybetterthanusingconventionalfossilfuelslikecoalornaturalgas.Student1:OK...Imusthavemissedthatpart.Student3:So,here’sthepartIdon’tunderstand:Inherpresentationslides,ProfessorAndersonshowedthemmanufacturingdifferentkindsofsugar,likewhitesugarandbrownsugar.Sowheredoesthemolassesfitin?Student1:I,I’vegotthatinmynotes.Themolassesistheliquidthat’sleftoveraftertheyseparatethesugarcrystalsfromthe,fromthesugarcanejuice.It’sthestuffthatgetsfermentedtomakeethanol.Tobecontinued>>>Listening2第25頁/共46頁Student3:Gotit.Student2:OK,butwhatwasthatguy’squestion?Didheaskwhattheyusedtodowiththemolassesbeforetheystartedmakingethanol?Ididn’tcatchthatpart.Student1:Shetoldhimitusedtobeusedincookingalotmorethanitisnow.Itwascheaperthansugar.Student3:Theremighthavebeensomeadvancesinsugar-makingsincethenbecauseit’sprettycheapnow.Student1:Yeah,youcouldberight.Listening2第26頁/共46頁C|ListeningforDetails.Listening2ExampleAnswers1.F(Thestudentsays,“Ithoughtthatwasaninterestinglecturetoday.”)2.T3.F(ProfessorAndersondidn’tmentionglobalwarming.)4.T5.T6.T第27頁/共46頁CanadianOilSands第28頁/共46頁flarev.燃燒；閃耀boreala.北方的Alberta艾伯塔省（加拿大西部?。〧ortMcMurray麥克默里堡（艾伯塔省東北部的石油工業(yè)重鎮(zhèn)）muskegn.

北美北部的沼澤地topsoiln.表土層；耕作層shoveln.鏟子，鐵鍬synthetica.合成的，人造的Tobecontinued>>>第29頁/共46頁thermostatn.（使房間或機器保持一定溫度的）恒溫器bogn.沼澤，泥塘cleansev.使清潔，清洗peatn.泥炭，泥煤spongya.松軟多孔的，海綿似的intacta.

完好無損的第30頁/共46頁WhileViewing

A|Readthestatements.Thenwatchthevideoandcheck(?)TfortrueorFforfalse.ExampleAnswers1.T2.F(Canadahasbeenextractingoilforalmostacentury.)3.F(FuelpricesinCanadahavebeenhigherinrecentyears.)4.T5.T6.F(Thecountryisnotplanningtostopoil-sandprocessinganytimesoon.)第31頁/共46頁Narrator:WeheadnowonassignmentwithNationalGeographicMagazinetodocumentthischanginglandscape.Lateintothenightflamesflareoverthelandscape.Thisminingoperationcontinues24hoursaday,365daysayear,extractingoilfromjustbeneaththesurfaceofwhatwasonceCanadianwilderness.CelinaHarper,Resident:IcouldjustcrywhenIseewhat,whatthey’vedonetoourland.Soyoujustsee…that’sallyoucouldsee,justasfarasyoucouldsee.Nothing,justnothing—notevenone,onestick,notevenonetreestanding.Tobecontinued>>>第32頁/共46頁Narrator:ThisisCanada’sboreal...oneofthelargestforestsonearth.It’sNorthernAmerica’snestingspotforbillionsuponbillionsofbirdsthatmigrateacrossNorthAmerica...andevenasfarasSouthAmerica.It’salsothesiteofsomethingcalled“OilSands”,anaturallyoccurringmixofsandandathickformofpetroleumknownasbitumen.Bitumenmustbeheavilyprocessedbeforeitbecomescrudeoil,thenturnedintogasolineanddieselfuels.ThissectionofnorthernAlbertahasthelargestamountofoilsandintheworld...andsomeestimatessuggestAlberta’soilreservesarecomparabletothoseofSaudiArabia.Buttogettothisoil,Canadahasbeenstripmininglargesectionsofformerwilderness.NationalGeographicMagazinephotographerPeterEssickjourneyedtoFortMcMurraytocapturethechanginglandscape.Tobecontinued>>>第33頁/共46頁PeterEssick,NationalGeographicPhotographer:Youcantakepicturessortofthewildernesspart,whichissortofthetreesandthemuskegwhichhasn’tbeendeveloped,andthenyoucantakeapictureofsomeofthemining,thebigtrucks...butIwastryingtoshowsomewaysthatyoucouldseesortoftheconnectionbetweensortofthewildlifeorthenatureandthemining.Narrator:Firsttheforestiscutdown—topsoilisremovedandthesandcollectedbyenormousshovels.It’sthencarriedbydumptruckstoaprocessingfacility.Eachtruckcancarryalmost400tonsofoil-richsand.AfterprocessingthesyntheticcrudeisshippedviapipelinetorefineriesintheUnitedStates.Tobecontinued>>>第34頁/共46頁Narrator:Canadahasbeenextractingoilhereforalmostacentury,buthigherfuelpricesinrecentyearsandnewprocessingtechnologieshaveledtoamajoroilboom.ThispartofAlbertahasbeencompletelychanged.MikeNoseworthy,Resident:You’relookingathighrentcosts,highfoodcosts,andhighfuelcosts.BrendaHampson,TruckDriver:It’sjustmoneyandit’sallovertheplaceandthejobsareallovertheplace.InAlbertathereis10jobsforoneperson.Narrator:People’sliveshavebeenchanged—somefortheworsebutmanyarguablyforthebetter.Butconservationistssaythelandscapeisalsobeingchanged—fortheworse.Tobecontinued>>>第35頁/共46頁Narrator:Theyworrythatstrippingtheborealforestofthousandsofsquaremilesofforestishurtingamajorecosystem.Somearguethatdestructionintheborealforestisamajorcontributortoglobalwarming.Theforestissoenormousthatithelpscontroltheearth’sthermostat.Itswetlandsandbogsabsorbcarbon,helpingcleansetheatmosphereofthegreenhousegasesthatcontributetohighertemperaturesthroughouttheworld.SteveKallick,PewEnvironmentGroup:Thisisthepeat.It’sspongyandthere’snostrengthtoit.Thisisaccumulatedcarbonfrommillennia.It’sbeenexposednowtothesurface.Theprotectivecoverhasbeenremoved,andallthecarbonthat’sbeenstoredhascomebackoutintotheatmosphere.Tobecontinued>>>第36頁/共46頁SteveKallick,PewEnvironmentGroup:Developmentacrosstheborealisgoingtocontinuetodothis.Wedon’tknowhowmuch,wedon’tknowwhattheultimateresultisgoingtobe.Narrator:Alreadytemperatureshereareclimbing...whilethere’sbeenacorrespondingdropintherainandsnow.Butthecountryisnotplanningtostopoilsandprocessinganytimesoon.Dozensofcompaniesareplanningnearly100moreprojects...worth100billiondollars.Canadaisworkingtoreducetheamountofgreenhouseemissionsandtotakebacklandthat’sbeenstrippedintheminingprocess.Butsomeconservationistshopelargesectionsoftheborealforestwillbesetasideandprotectedfromfuturestripmining.Tobecontinued>>>第37頁/共46頁SteveKallick,PewEnvironmentGroup:Byhavingalargeunderdevelopedareawherewildlifecan,canmoveandadapttochange,wemaybeabletoprotectthemfromoneoftheworstimpactsof,ofglobalwarming.Asclimatechangeisaffectingtheirhabitat,they’llbeabletomigrateintootherareasifwesetasidemillionsandtensofmillionsofacresoflargeintactnaturallandscapes.Narrator:Itwouldseemtheneedsofhumans,wildlifeandtheplanet’sthermostatareinconflictinthisoil-richregion.第38頁/共46頁FurtherListening第39頁/共46頁B|

Readthequestions.Thenlistenagainandanswerthequestions.Listening11.WhatdidSaraaskJamietodo?______________________________________________________________________________________________2.Whatisthetopicoftheguestspeaker?_______________________________________________3.Whatdoespeakoilmean?_______________________________________________SaraaskedJamietogowithhertohearaguestspeakerattheCurrentAffairsClub.TheguestspeakerwillbeDr.RonSteinberg.Theguestspeaker’stopicispeakoil.第40頁/共46頁B|

Readthequestions.Thenlistenagainandanswerthequestions.Listening14.Whatisoilessentialfor,accordingtoSara?______________________________________________________________________________________________5.WhatisJamie’sattitudetowardtheoilsupplyintheground?______________________________________________________________________________________________Peakoilreferstothetimeperiodwhentheworldisprod