高考英語閱讀理解解題技巧之主旨大意題

__________________________________________________高考英閱理解解技之主旨意題閱讀理之旨大意每日經(jīng)諺語和型背誦仿寫1.Nothingistoodifficultifyouputyourheartintoit.世上無難事，只怕有心人。2....as...as盡可能……活學活仿照上述句型，翻譯下列句子。(1)我們應該盡可能地多讀書。__________________________________________________________________________1__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________(2)政府部門必須盡快采取行動保護河流被污染。______________________________________________________________________________Weshouldasmanybooksaspossible./shouldreadasmanybooksaswecan.ThegovernmentmusttakeactionstopreventthebeingasⅡ.閱理解之旨大意我們閱讀一篇文章，首先是要了解其大意，明確其主旨因此，旨大意題是?？碱}主旨大意題包括：主要內(nèi)容(mainmainly型、文章標題(title)型、寫作目的(purpose)。廣東高考近幾年來考查過的題目中about只考過4，title考了題purpose考了5題。2__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________◎解題技巧1.弄清文章的大意，關鍵是找到主題句。主題句的位置：主題句通常在文首、文末或首尾呼應，時也在文中或沒有主題句需根據(jù)文章所述內(nèi)容進行歸納。各段的主題句也常在該段的首句或尾句。議論文和說明文一般有主題句，但記敘文通常沒有主題句，需要歸納。2.找主題句的方法：用瀏覽法skimming)即快速閱讀文首、文尾，或每段的首句和尾句等，搜索主題線索和主題信息。找主題句的四個小竅門：(1)段落中出現(xiàn)表轉折的詞語如but,infact,actually)時，該句很可能是主題句。(2)首段出現(xiàn)疑問句時，對該問題的回答很可能就是文章主旨。3__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________(3)作者有意識地反復重復的觀點，通常是主旨;反復出現(xiàn)的詞語，一般為體現(xiàn)文章主旨的關鍵詞。(4)表示總結或結論的話常有thus,inshort,conclude,conclusion。3.關于干擾項和正確答案。(1)干擾項可能屬文中某個具體事實或細節(jié);可能屬文中某些(不完全的)事實或細節(jié)片面推出的錯誤結論;可能屬非文章事實的主觀臆斷。(2)正確答案根文章意思全面理解而歸納概括出來的;但不能太籠統(tǒng)、言過其實或以偏概全。4.在閱讀理解中，主旨大意題常有以下幾種命題方式：(1)Mainidea型：選擇項多為陳述句，要求考生選擇表達作者思想或觀點的句子。題干多為如下形式：①What'sthemainofthepassage?4__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________②Thepassageismainlyabout________.③Thepassageismainlyconcernedabout________.④Whichoffollowingbeststatesthemainideaofthepassage?Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainidea/themeofthepassage?⑥Inthispassagetheauthordiscussesprimarily______.⑦subjectdiscussedinthistextis________.⑧Theideaofthepassageisabout________.(2)Mainpurpose型：選擇項多為動賓結構，要求考生找到主要的寫作目的以下幾種題干形式：5__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________①What'sthepurposeofthepassage?②Thepassageismeantto________.③Thepurposeofthearticleisto________.④Inthispassagethetriestousthat________.⑤Thepassagetellsusthat________.author'smainpurposeinwritingthepassageisto...(3)標題型擇文標題是另一類對主旨大意題考查的形式，命題形式：①Thebesttitleofthepassageis________.②Whichoffollowingthetitlethepassage?6__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________③Thebesttitlethepassageis________.④Themostappropriatetitleofthepassageis________.Intheanimalkingdom,weaknesscanbringaboutaggressioninanimal.sometimeshappenswithhumansalso.ButIhavefoundthatmyweaknessbringsoutthekindnessinpeople.Iseeiteverydaywhenpeopleholddoorsforme,pourcreamintomycoffee,orhelpmetoputonmycoat.Idiscovereditthemhappy.典型例Frommyexperience,seethebestinpeople...Often,wetryeverywaypossibletoavoidshowingourweakness...Butonlywhenwestop7__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________pretendingwe'rebraveordoallowpeopletoshowthekindnessthat'sinthem.30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.AWheelchairExperience.B.WeaknessandKindness.C.WeaknessandStrength.D.ADrivingExperience解析：主旨大意題。在第一段中，出現(xiàn)了表轉折的可知Ihavefoundthatbringsoutthekindnessinpeople便是主題句，再根據(jù)第二段最后一句可以確定句的確是主題句。又因標題要簡明、醒目，故選。答案：Inaworldwithlimitedwaterother8__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________naturalresources(源),theharmfromthetraditionalbusinessmodelisontherise.Actually,thepasthasseenmoreandmoreforestsdisappearingandglobebecomingincreasinglywarm.Peoplenowrealizethatthisunhealthysituationmustchanged,andwemustbeabletodevelopinsustainable(持續(xù))ways.Thatmeansgrowthwithlowcarbonordevelopmentofsustainableproducts.Inotherwords,weshouldkeeptheearthhealthywhileusingitssupplyofnaturalresources.Today,sustainabledevelopmentisapropertrendinmanycountries....Inrecentyearsthemarketsforsustainableproductshavegrownbymorethan50%.45.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroduceanewbusinessmodel.9__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________B.Tocomparetwobusinessmodels.C.Topredictachangeoftheglobalmarket.D.Toadvocatesustainabledevelopment.解析：主旨大意題。在第一段中，出現(xiàn)了轉折的Actually其后的“Peoplenowrealizethatthisunhealthysituationmustbechanged，andwemustbeabletodevelopinsustainable(可持續(xù)的)ways”是主題句，隨后的兩句話都是對這一句進行解釋;句中兩個清楚表明了作者“提倡可持二Today，sustainabledevelopmentisaproperinmanycountries進一步說明，作者寫這篇文章的主要目的是“提倡可持續(xù)發(fā)展故選。答案：Althoughtheuseoftheexpressionisan10__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________insincere,meaninglesssocialcustomattimes,thereisnothingwrongwiththesentenceexceptthatitislittleuninteresting.Thesalesgirl,thewaitress,theteacher,andallcountlessotherswhospeakitwithoutthinkingmaynotreallycareaboutmyday.Butinastrangeandcomfortableway,it'snicetoknowtheycareenoughtoreallycareallthatmuch.Whiletheexpressionmaynotoftenbesincere,itisThepointisthatpeoplesayitallthetimewhentheylike.30.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.HaveaNiceDay—aSocialCustomB.HaveaNiceDay—aPleasantGestureC.HaveaNiceDay—aGreeting11__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________D.HaveaNiceDay—aPoliteEndingofaConversation解析：主旨大意題。由該段的第一句(特別是custom詞)可知。答案：(2013)Imaginationandfantasycanplayanroleinthethingsfear.Childrenknowthisverywell.FredEpstein，inhisbookIfIMakeIttoastoryheheardfromoneoffouryear-oldboywithacancerinhisbackbone.Hecamethroughseveraloperationsandalotofpainbymasteringhisimagination…Itdoesn'tmeanthatyoushoulddressasasuperheroforyounextjobinterview.，nexttimetestedinawaythatseems12__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________imaginewhatittakeovercomeit.Becomethepersonyouneedtobecometowinoveryourchallengeanddoitinyourmindfirst.letyourimaginationrunwilddaretodream.30.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Totellusaninterestingstory.B.Tohelpusmakerightdecisions.C.Toadviseustocareaboutchildren.D.Toencourageustouseourimagination.解析主旨大意題文章首句andfantasycanplayanimportantroleinachievingthethingswefear全句So,letyourimaginationrunwild,anddaretodream可知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是鼓勵我們運用我們的想象力。13__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________答案：(2013高考)Somepeoplethinkthatsuccessisonlyforthosewithtalentorthosewhogrowupintheright，andothersbelievethatsuccessmostlycomesdowntoluck.I'mnotgoingtoluck，talent，andcircumstancesdon'tintoplaybecausetheydo.Somepeoplearebornintotherightfamilywhileothersarebornwithgreatintelligence，andthat'sjusttheofhowlifeis.Howeversucceedin，onefirstneedstosetagoalandthengraduallymakeitmorepractical.And，into，inordergenerallygoodatsomething，oneneedstospendatleast10,000hoursstudyingandpracticing.Tobecomeatcertainthingsit'llrequiremoretime，timethatmostpeoplewon'tputin....Whateveryouyoutobecome14__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________atneedworkin，almosttotheaddictionoverlongperiodofIfyou'renotandwork，don'texpectreceiverewards...35.Whatisthemainthemeofthepassage?A.Havingagoalisvitaltosuccess.B.Beinggoodisdifferentfrombeinggreat.C.Onecannotsucceedwithouttimeandpractice.D.Lucksuccess.解析：主旨歸納題。由第二段開頭的可知，本文的中心論題不是第一段而在第二段tosucceedinlife,onefirstneedsto...needsto...再結合最后一段第一句youwanttobecome15__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________greatatyoutoworkinandout,almosttotheofandoverlongperiod，可知本文的主題思想——不花時間、不去實踐是不可能取得成功的。答案：1.Musicwasnottheonlygulf.Fromclothingandhairstylestoactivitiesandexpectations,earlierofandchildrenoftenappearedtomoveinseparateorbits.Today,thegenerationgaphasnotdisappeared,butitisgettingnarrowinmanyfamilies.Conversationsonsubjectssuchassexanddrugswouldhavetakenplaceagenerationago.Nowtheyarecomfortableandcommon.Andchildshoppingtooffriendshipthatcancontinueintoadulthood.16__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________Thepurposeofthepassageisto________.A.describethedifficultiestoday'sparentshavemetwithB.discussthedevelopmentoftheparentchildrelationshipC.suggestthewaystohandletheparentchildrelationshipD.comparetoday'sparentchildrelationshipwiththatinthepast解析：主旨大意題。由全文內(nèi)容可知，特別是由“thegenerationgaphasnotdisappeared,butitisgettingnarrow”等關鍵詞句，行時就是一個過程，可見本文主要是討論父母與孩子之間的關系的發(fā)展過程。答案：17__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________2.Sometimesyou'llhearpeoplesaythatyoucan'tloveothersuntilyouloveyourself.Sometimesyou'llhearpeoplesaythatyoucan'texpectsomeoneelsetoloveyouuntilyouloveyourself.Eitheryou'vetoyourselffirstbewewe'reeyes,andthatGrandmasthinkwe'retalentsourUncleRobertswewillthesometimesit'salothardertothinksuchniceaboutIfyoufindthatbelievinginyourselfisachallenge.itistimeyoubuildapositiveselfimageandlearntoloveyourself....Thebestwaydefeatapassiveselfistostepbackanddecidetostressyoursuccesses.Thatis,makealistifyouneedto,18__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________butofdoday.Don'tallowdoubtstooccurinit....Thebestwaytogetridofanegativeself-imageistorealizethatyourimageisfarfromobjective,andtoactivelyconvinceyourselfofyourpositivequalities.Changingthewayyouthinkandworkingonthoseyouneedtoimprovewillgoalongwaytowardspromotingapositiveselfimage.Whenyoucanpat(yourselfontheback,you'llknowyou'rewellonyourway.Goodluck!Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Howtoprepareforyoursuccess.B.Howtofacechallengesinyourlife.C.Howtobuildapositiveselfimage.19__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________D.Howtodevelopyourgoodqualities.解析：主旨大意題。反復出現(xiàn)的詞語，一般為體現(xiàn)文章主旨的關鍵詞段后一句中apositiveselfimage3段句“thebesttodefeatapassiveselfimageis后一段的首句“Thebestwaytogetridofanegativeselfimage”都是說明如何肯定自我形象的。因此選。答案：3.Howshouldoneinvestasumofmoneyintheseclaysofinflation(通貨膨)?Leftinabankitwillhardlykeepitsvalue,howeverhightheaaone,darestobuyandsellontheStockMarket.Todayitseemsthatoneofthebestwaystoprotectyoursavings,andevenincreaseyourwealthistobuybeautifulobjectsfromthepast.HereIamgoingtooffersomeadviceon20__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________collectingantiqueclocks,whichIpersonallyconsiderareamongthemostinterestingofantiques....Antiqueclockscouldbeveryexpensive,butoneofthejoysofcollectingclocksisthatitisstilltofindquitecheaponesforyourownhome.Afterall,ifyouaregoingtoberuledwhynotinvestinairandperhapsmakeafutureprofit?Thepurposeofthepassageis________.A.tointroducethecultureofantiqueclocksB.tooffersomeadviceoncollectingantiqueclocksC.tocomparedifferentwaystomakeafutureprofit21__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________D.tooftellingtime解析：主旨大意題。反復出現(xiàn)的詞語，一般為體現(xiàn)文章主旨的關鍵詞。由首尾兩段，特別是第一段最后一句“HereIgoingtooffersomeoncollectingantiqueclocks...”和最后一段的最后一句“...whynotinvestinairclockandperhapsmakeafutureprofit?可知答案為。答案：4.Doyouwanttolivewithastrongsenseofpeacefulness,happiness,goodness,andselfrespect?Thehappinessbroadlycategorized“honor”helpyouthislifeofgoodfeelings.Here'sanexampletoshowhowhonorableactionscreatehappiness.22__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________Sayastoreclerkfailstochargeusforanitem.Ifwekeepsilent,andprofitfromtheclerk'smistake,wewoulddrivehomewithasenseofsneakyexcitement.Laterwemighttellourfamilyorfriendsaboutourgoodfortune.Ontheotherifclerkabouttheitem,clerkwouldbegratefulandthankusforourhonesty.Wewouldleavethestorewithaquietsenseofhonorthatwemightneversharewithanothersoul.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthispassage.A.HowtoLiveTruthfullyB.ImportanceofPeacefulnessC.WaysofGainingselfrespect23__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________D.HappinessthroughHonorableActions解析：主旨大意題。反復出現(xiàn)的詞語，一般為章旨最多是happiness詞，而文章第二段“anexampletoshowhowhonorableactionscreate”就是全文的主旨，因此選D。答案：D5.Menhavealwaysbelievedthattheyaresmarterthanwomen.Now,astudyhasfoundthatwhilethisiscertainlytrue,menalsohavetodealwiththefactthattheyaremorethanthefairersex.Inthestudy,scientistsmeasuredtheIQof2500brothersandsistersandtheyfoundanunevennumberofmennotonlyinthetoptwopercent,butalsointhebottomtwopercent.Thestudy'sparticipantsweretestedon24__________________________________________________

science,abilities.

__________________________________________________maths,EnglishandmechanicalThoughthereweretwiceasmanymenaswomenintwiceasmanymenamongthedolts.Thepurposeofthepassageistotellusthat________.A.manaresmarterthanwomenB.manaremorestupidthanwomenC.anewaboutofmenandwomenhasbeenfoundD.menaremorelikelytoreceivefirstclassuniversitydegrees解析：主旨大意題。反復出現(xiàn)的詞語，一般為體現(xiàn)文章主旨的關鍵詞文中出現(xiàn)較多的詞是，25__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________根據(jù)文章第一段第二句得知答案為。答案：C6.Weatherandtheamountofwaterintheatmospherechange.Wecanseefeelwatercomingthewhenwehaverain.Butthewatersomehowgetbacktoatmosphere.Meteorologistscallthisthewatercycle.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Watercycle.B.Watervapour.C.Howrainforms.D.Water,vapour,rain.解析：主大意題。由該最后句26__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________callthewater”可知答案為。答案：7.Technologyistheapplication(應)ofknowledgetoproduction.Thankstomoderntechnology,webeentoincreasetheofnewmethodshelpedcutdowntimewhileincreasingoveralloutput.Thishasmeantmoreproductionhigherstandardofliving.FormostofusinAmerica,moderntechnologyisthoughtofasreasontelevisionsets.However,technologyhasalsoincreasedtheamountoffoodavailabletous,bymeansofmodernfarmingmachineryanimalextendedourlifespanvia(通過)medicaltechnology.27__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ThedefinitionoftechnologyB.ModerntechnologyC.TheapplicationoftechnologyD.Thedevelopmentoftechnology解析：主旨大意題。反復出現(xiàn)的詞語，一般為體現(xiàn)文章主旨的關鍵詞文中出現(xiàn)較多的詞是technology文章的主要筆墨是用在科學技術的作用上，所以答案應選。答案：8.ThemostwidespreadmistakeofallisthatcoldscausedTheyarenot.Theyarecausedby毒)passingpersontoperson.directlyorindirectly,withsomeonewho28__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________hasone.Ifcoldcausescolds,itwouldbereasonabletoexpecttheEskimostosufferfromthemforever.Buttheydonot.AndinisolatedArcticregionsexplorershavereportedbeingfreefromcoldsuntilcomingintocontactagainwithinfectedpeoplefromtheoutsideworldwaypackagesmaildroppedfromairplanes.Thepassagemainlydiscusses________.A.theexperimentsonthecommoncoldB.the(謬論)aboutC.thereasonandwaycatchcoldsD.thecontinuedspreadofcommoncolds解析旨大意題段的第一mostwidespreadofisbycold.Theyarenot”是本文的主題。全文主要29__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________闡述了“感冒不是由寒冷引起的”這一觀點。答案：9.Zinc()isoneofabout20elementsnecessaryforgoodhealth.Itispresentinthebodyinasmallamountmakespossibleforimportantchemicalactionstobeoutincells.Scientistsarejustbeginningtodiscoverhowzincandotherelementswork.Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe________.A.ANewDiscoveryB.ZincandHealthC.HowZincWorksD.AddZinctoYourFood30__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一句(主題句)“Zinc(鋅)isoneofabout20elementsnecessaryforgoodhealth”可推知。答案：B10.Accordingtoafamousoptical(光學)expert,Alexander,whorecentlyvisitedShanghai,thedevelopedcountriesinEuropeandAmericahavemaderulesthatchildrenmustwearresinous(樹脂)glassesinsteadofthetraditionalisbecausetheglassglassesaremorelikelytodoharmtochildren'seyesight.Thisnewsarticlemainlywantstotellus________.A.AlexandervisitedChinaandintroducedanewtypeofglassesB.we31__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________ofglassglassesC.resinousglassesarepopularinEuropeandAmericaD.glassescanbemadeofothermaterialsinsteadofglass解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第1句mustwearresinous(脂)glassesinsteadoftraditionalglassesofglass”可推知此題答案為。答案：B10.Selfcontrolisman'slastgreatestvictory.Ifamanlacksselfcontrolseemstolackeverything.Withoutithecanhavenopatience,nopowertogovernhimself;hecanhavenoself-confidence,forwillbecontrolledby32__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________hisstrongestfeeling.Ifhelacksselfcontrol,theverybackboneandnerveofcharacterarelackingalso.Theauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthisarticleisto________.A.explainthatselfcontrolisthekeytosuccessB.teachpeoplehowtocontroleverythinginordertomakeagreatsuccessC.distinguishallands