年職稱英語等級(jí)考試試題及題解答案理工類a級(jí)

PAGE2005年職稱英語等級(jí)考試試題答案及題解理工類(A級(jí))試題第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)(第1～15題，每題1分，共15分)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語畫有底橫線，請(qǐng)從每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與畫線部分意義最相近的詞或短語。請(qǐng)將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。1ThesearetheirMotivesfordoingit．A.reasonsBexcusesCanswersDplans2Theriverwidensconsiderablyasitbeginstoturnwest．A.twistsB.stretchesC.broadensD.bends3HenrycannotresistthelureofdrugsA.abuseB.flavorC.temptationD.consumption4TheseprogrammesareofimmensevaluetooldpeopleAnaturalBfatalCtinyDenormous5Agreatdealhasbeendonetoremedythesituation．A.maintainB.improveC.assessDprotect6JohniscollaboratingwithMaryinwritinganarticle．AcooperatingBcompetingCcombiningDarguing7Heisdeterminedtoconso1idatehispowerAstrengthenBcontrolCabandonDexercise8Manyscientistshavebeenprobingpsychologicalproblems．AsolvingBexploringCsettlingDhandling9Hearingproblemsmaybealleviatedbychangesindietandexercisehabits．AremovedBcuredCworsenedDrelieved10AllthecarsaretestedfordefectsbeforeleavingthefactoryAfunctionsBfaultsCmotionsDparts11Thefoodisinsufficientforthreepeople．AinstantBinfiniteCinexpensiveDinadequate12ThousandsofpeopleperishedinthestormAdiedBsufferedCfloatedDscattered13Butintheendheapprovedofourproposal．AundoubtedlyBcertainlyCultimatelyDnecessarily14Foryoungchildren，gettingdressedisacomplicatedbusiness．AstrangeBcomplexCpersonalDfunny15InBritainandmanyothercountriesappraisalisnowatoolofmanagement．AevaluationBpruductionCefficiencyDpublicity第2部分：閱讀判斷(第16～22題，每題1分，共7分)閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)甸子做出判斷。如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上把A涂黑；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上把B涂黑；如果該句的信息文章中沒有提及，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上把C涂黑。MadScientistStereotypeOutdatedDopeoplestillimagineaphysicistasabeardedmaninglassesorhastheimageofthemadscientistchanged?TheInstituteofPhysicssetouttofindoutwhetherthestereotypeofaphysics‘boffin’(科學(xué)家)stillexistsbyconductingasurveyonshoppersinLondon．Thepeoplewereaskedtoidentifythephysicistfromaphotographofaline-upofpossiblesuspects．98percentofthoseaskedgotitwrong．Themajorityofpeoplepickedawhitemaleofaround60，wearingglassesandwithawhitebeard．Whilethisstereotypemayhavebeentheimageofallaveragephysicistfiftyyearsago，therealityisnowverydifferentSince1960thenumberofyoungwomenenteringphysicshasdoubledandtheaverageageofaphysicistisnow31．Thestereotypeoftheabsent-mindedscientisthaslastedalongtimebecausethemediaandHollywoodhelppromotetheimageofmeninwhitelabcoatswithglassessittingbyblackboardsfullofequations(等式)orworkingwithfizzing(嘶嘶響)testtubes．Thesestereotypesarereallydamagingtosociety．Verygoodschoolchildrenareputoffstudyingsciencebecausetheydon’tseepeoplelikethemselvesontelevisionorinmagazinesdoingscience．Theysimplydon’trelatetothemedia’simageofthemadscientist．Thisisonereasonwhyfeweryoungpeoplearechoosingtodoscienceatuniversity．Ifwewanttoencouragemoreyoungpeopletostudysciencesubjects，weneedtochangethisimageofthescientistandmakesciencecareersmoreattractive．Butwemustalsodevelopchildren’sinterestinscience．Inanattempttochangethisnegativeimage，anincreasingnumberofsciencefestivalsarebeingorganized．ThousandsofpeoplefromsecondaryschoolsarealsoencouragedtotakepartintheinternationwidesciencecompetitionsofwhichthemostpopulararethenationalscienceOlympiads．WinningnationalteamsthengettheopportunitytotakepartintheInternationalScienceOlympiadswhichareheldinadifferentcountyeveryyear．Theseeventsareallinterestingfortheyoungpeoplewhotakepartbuttheyonlyinvolveasmallproportionofstudentswhoarealreadyinterestedinscience．Itseemsthatthereisalongwaytogobeforesciencebecomesattractiveassubjectslikecomputerstudiesorfashionanddesign．16Mostpeoplehavesimilarideasofwhataphysicistlookslike．ARightBWrongCNotmentioned17ThemajorityofphysicistsinBritaintodayareCambridgegraduatesARightBWrongCNotmentioned18Themediaandthecinemahaveplayedaroleinpromotingtheimageofthemadscientist．ARightBWrongCNotmentioned19TherewillbemorewomenscientiststhanmenscientistsinthefutureARightBWrongCNotmentioned20Morechildrenwillstudyscienceifitbecomesmoreattractive．ARightBWrongCNotmentioned21Theimageofthemadscientistisreallyencouragingtosociety．ARightBWrongCNotmentioned22TheInternationalScienceOlympiadsareheldonceeverytwoyears．ARightBWrongCNotmentioned第3部分：概括大意與完成句子(第2卜30題，每題1分，共8分)閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：(1)第23~26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第1～4段每段選擇1個(gè)正確的小標(biāo)題；(2)第27~30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇4個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)，分別完成每個(gè)句子。請(qǐng)將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。Cloning(克隆)：FuturePerfect?1Acloneisallexactcopyofaplantoranimalproducedfromanyonecell.SinceScottishscientistsreportedthattheyhadmanagedtocloneasheepnamedDollyin1997，researchintocloninghasgrownrapidly．InMay1998，scientistsinMassachusettsmanagedtocreatetwoidenticalcalves(牛犢)usingcloningtechnology．Amousehasalsobeenclonedsuccessfully，ButthedebateovercloninghumansreallystartedwhenChicagophysicistRichardSeedmadeasurprisingannouncement：“Wewillhavemanagedtocloneahumanbeingwithinthenexttwoyears，”hetoldtheworld．2Seed’Sannouncementprovokedalotofmediaattention，mostofitnegative．InEurope，nineteennationshavealreadysignedanagreementbanninghumancloningandintheUSthePresidentannounced：”WewillbeintroducingalawtobanallhumancloningandmanystatesintheUSwillhavepassedanti-cloninglawsbytheendoftheyear．’’3Manyresearchersarenotsonegativeaboutcloning，Theyareworriedthatlawsbanninghumancloningwillthreatenimportantresearch．InMarch，TheNewEnglandJournalofMedicinecalledanyplantobanresearchoncloninghumansseriouslymistaken．Manyresearchersalsobelievethatinspiteofattemptstobanit，humancloningwillhavebecomeroutineby2010becauseitisimpossibletostoptheprogressofscience．4Istherereasontofearthatcloningwillleadtoanightmareworld?Thepublichasbeenbombarded(轟炸)withnewspaperarticles，televisionshowsandfilms，aswellascartoons．Suchinformationisoftenmisleading，andmakespeoplewonderwhatonearththescientistswillbedoingnext．Withinthenextfivetotenyearsscientistswillprobablyhavefoundawayofcloninghumans.Itcouldbethatprettysoonwewillbeabletochoosethepersonthatwewantourchildtolooklike．Buthowwoulditfeeltobeacloneamonghundreds，theanti-clonersask．Prettycool,answerthepr-cloners(贊成克隆的人)．第4部分：閱讀理解(第31～45題，每題3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每道題后面有4個(gè)選項(xiàng)。請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容從每題所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案，涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。第一篇MoreThanaRidetoSchoolTheeNattionaalEdducattionAssoociattionclaiims．“Theschooolbbusiisamirrrorofttheccommuunityy．”Theyfuurtheeradddthhat，unfoortunnatelly,wwhatappeearsonttheeexterriordoessnottalwwaysrefllecttherealityyofachhosenncommmuniity．Theyyareerigghtsomeetimeesittrefflecttsmoore!JusttaskkLieeslDenson..RiddingtheschooolbbushhasbbeenmoreethaanarideetoschooolfforLLiesll．BruuceHHardyy．schooolbbusddriveerfoorAllthouuseBBUSCCompaanyhhasbbeenLiessl’sbuusdrriverrsinncekinderggarteen．LasttyeaarwhhenLLiesll’sfaamilyymovvedttoPaarkessburgg，knowwingherbuswenttbyhernewressidennce。sherequuesteedtooriddethhesaamebbusThisyearrLieesliisaseniioraandwwillenjooyheerlaastyyearridiingtthebbus．Shesayss，”It’sbeeenaagreaatriidessofaar!MMybuusdrriverrissoccoolandhasalwaaysbbeenagooodffrienndanndagooddlissteneer．Someetimeeswhhenyyou’reaachiildaadulttsdoonottthiinktthatwhattyouuhavvetoosayyisimpoortannt．Mr.HHardyyalwwayslisttenstowwhatyouhaveetosayandmakeesyooufeeeliimporrtantt．’’HerfrieendsAshlleyBBatisstaaandAAmanddaWoolfeagreee．BruceeHarrdyhhasbbeenmakiingOOctorrarastuddentssfeeelsppeciaalsiince19755.Thhisyearrhewilllcelebraate330yeearsworkkingforAlthhouseeBussCommpanyy，LarrryAllthouuse，pressidenntofftheecommpanyy,acknowlledgeesBrruceHarddy’souutstaandinngreecordd：“YoudonnotccomebyeemplooyeesslikkeBrrucetheseddays..Hehasneveermiisseddaddayoofwoorkaandhhasaaperrfecttdriivinggreccord．Hewwasrecogniizedin22000bytthePPennssylvaaniaSchooolBBusAAssocciatiionfforddriviing3350,0000aacciddentfreemiiles．Harddy’sreeputaationnismadeefurrtherreviidenttthrroughhtheerellatioonshiipshhehaasmaadewwiththestuudenttsthhatrridehisbus．”Althoousefurttheraddss，‘‘AlthhouseeBussCommpanyywassesttabliishedd70yearrsaggoanndhaasbeeenprovidiingqqualiityttranssporttatioonevverssincee．Myggranddfathhersstarttedtthebbusinnesswithhoneebuss．AlthousseBuusCoompannyissdellighttedttohaavettheoopporrtuniityttobrringdisttincttiveandsafeeserrviceetoourlocaalscchoollanddcommmuniityaandllookssforrwarddtoconttinuiingttoprroviddequualittyseerviccefoormanymooreyyearsstocomee．’’Threeegennerattionssofbusiinesssisnotallthecomppanyhasenjooyed．ThannksttodrriverrsliikeBruceHHardyy，theyyhavvebeeenbbuilddingrelaationnshippsthhrougghgeeneraationns，Liessl’smootherrCarrolalsoennjoyssfonndmeemoriiesoofriidinggBruuceHHardyy’sbuustootheeOcttorarraScchoollDisstricct．31Thewordd“mirrror'’inttheffirsttlinnecoouldbebbestrepllaceddbyE‘‘vehiicle”．F‘‘deviice”．G“need”H“refllectiion”．32BrucceHaardyhasbeennworrkinggwitthAllthouuseBBusCCompaanyAfoor300yeaars．Bfoor700yeaars．Csiincelasttyeaar．Dsiince2000033WhiichoofthhefoollowwingstattemenntsiisNOOTtrrueoofBrruceHarddy?AHeisppopullarwwithhispasssengeers．BHehasneveermiisseddaddayoofwoork．CHeisaanimppatieentperssonDHehasdrivven3350.0000aacciddentfreeemilles．34AlthhouseeBussCommpanyywassfouundeddbyALarrryAllthouuse．BAlthhousee’sgrrandffatheerCLiessl’smootherrDAshlleyBBatissta．35AlthhouseeBussCommpanyypayysmuuchaattenntionntoAemmployyingyounngdrriverrsBruunninngquualittyscchoolls．CprroviddingfreeedriivingglesssonssDbuuildiingssounddrellatioonshiips．第二篇APhoneeThaatKnnowsYou’reBBusyIt’samoodernnprooblemm：you’rettoobbusytobbediisturrbedbyiincesssantt(連續(xù)不斷斷的)phoonecallsssoyooutuurnyyourcelllphonneofff.Butifyyouddon’treemembberttotuurniitbaackoonwhhenyyou’relessbuusy．youcoulldmiissssomeimpoortanntcaallsifoonlythephonneknnewwwhenitwwaswwisetointerruuptyyou，youwoulldn’thaavettotuurniitofffattalll.Innsteaad，itccoulddlettcalllstthrouughwwhenyouarenotttoobuusyAbbunchhofbehaaviorrsennsorss(傳感器)anddaccleveerpiieceofssoftwwarecoullddoojusstthhat，byanalyziingyyourbehaaviorrtodeteerminneiffit’’sagooddtimmetoointterruuptyyou．Ifbbuilttinttoaphonne，thesystemmaydeciideyyou’rettoobbusyandaskthecalllerttoleeaveameessaggeorrrinngbaackllaterr．JamessFoggartyyanddScoottHHudsoonattCammegieeMelllonUnivversiityiinPeennsyylvanniabbaseddt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