頁巖氣藏多重介質流-固耦合滲流規(guī)律研究

頁巖氣藏多重介質流—固耦合滲流規(guī)律研究頁巖氣藏多重介質流—固耦合滲流規(guī)律研究

摘要：頁巖氣藏是一種具有特殊地質條件和復雜流態(tài)特性的獨特儲層，介質種類繁多、流場復雜且尺度差異明顯，研究其多重介質流—固耦合滲流規(guī)律有著重要的理論意義和實際應用價值。本文以頁巖氣藏為研究對象，通過建立多孔介質流動、固體力學和熱力學傳遞耦合的數(shù)學模型，分析研究了頁巖流體運動和固體變形情況，并對撕裂、孔隙壓力等影響因素進行了深入探討和數(shù)值模擬。研究表明，頁巖氣藏多重介質流—固耦合滲流規(guī)律受多種因素共同影響，其中包括圍壓、溫度、含水量、孔隙度、孔隙結構和充滿度等；頁巖氣藏的吸附效應、擴散效應和滲透效應也會對流動和變形過程產(chǎn)生顯著的影響。同時，通過對數(shù)值模擬結果的分析，本文發(fā)現(xiàn)了頁巖氣藏多重介質流—固耦合滲流規(guī)律中存在的一些問題和局限性，對于未來更加深入的研究具有重要的指導意義和啟示價值。

關鍵詞：頁巖氣藏；多重介質流；固耦合滲流；數(shù)值模擬；影響因素

Abstract:Shalegasreservoirisauniquereservoirwithspecialgeologicalconditionsandcomplexflowcharacteristics.Ithasvarioustypesofmedia,complexflowfieldsandobviousscaledifferences.Studyingthemulti-mediumflow-solidcouplingseepagelawhasimportanttheoreticalsignificanceandpracticalapplicationvalue.Inthispaper,takingtheshalegasreservoirastheresearchobject,amathematicalmodelcouplingporousmediumflow,solidmechanicsandthermodynamicstransferisestablishedtoanalyzethefluidmotionandsoliddeformationofshaleandtoexplorethefactorsaffectingthetearingandporepressureindepth.Thestudyshowsthatthemulti-mediumflow-solidcouplingseepagelawofshalegasreservoirisinfluencedbymanyfactors,includingconfiningpressure,temperature,watercontent,porosity,porestructureandfillingdegree.Theadsorptioneffect,diffusioneffectandpermeationeffectofshalegasreservoiralsohavesignificantimpactontheflowanddeformationprocess.Atthesametime,throughtheanalysisofnumericalsimulationresults,thispaperfindssomeproblemsandlimitationsinthemulti-mediumflow-solidcouplingseepagelawofshalegasreservoir,whichhasimportantguidingsignificanceandenlightenmentvalueforfuturein-depthresearch.

Keywords:Shalegasreservoir;Multi-mediumflow;Solidcouplingseepage;Numericalsimulation;InfluencefactorsThestudyofmulti-mediumflow-solidcouplingseepagelawinshalegasreservoirshasgainedsignificantattentioninrecentyears.Shaleformationsareusuallyhighlyheterogeneousandexhibitcomplexporestructures,whichmakestheflowanddeformationprocessquitechallengingtomodelaccurately.Therefore,numericalsimulationhasbecomeanimportanttooltoinvestigatetheflowandtransportbehaviorinshalegasreservoirs.

Oneofthecriticalfactorsinfluencingthemulti-mediumflow-solidcouplingseepageinshalegasreservoirsistheporestructureofshalerocks.Duetothelowpermeabilityandhighheterogeneityofshaleformations,itischallengingtoobtainaccurateporestructureinformationfromconventionallaboratorytests.However,theadvancementofimagingtechnologiessuchasscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM)andmicro-computedtomography(micro-CT)haveprovidednewtoolstoinvestigatetheporestructureandconnectivityinshalerocks.

Anotherkeyfactorthataffectsmulti-mediumflow-solidcouplingseepageinshalegasreservoirsistheinteractionbetweenfluidsandsolids.Shalerockscanbehaveelasticallyorplastically,dependingonthepressureandtemperatureconditions.Theinteractionbetweenfluidsandsolidscancausedeformationoftherockmatrix,leadingtochangesinthepermeabilityandporosityoftheshaleformation.Therefore,itiscrucialtoconsiderthegeomechanicalpropertiesofshalerockswhenstudyingtheflowandtransportbehaviorinshalegasreservoirs.

Theheterogeneityofshaleformationscanalsosignificantlyaffecttheflowanddeformationprocess.Shalerocksoftenexhibitsignificantvariationsintheirmineralogy,organiccontent,andgrainsizedistribution.Thespatialdistributionofthesepropertiescaninfluencethepermeabilityandporosityofthereservoir,leadingtospatialvariationsintheflowandtransportbehavior.

Inconclusion,thestudyofmulti-mediumflow-solidcouplingseepagelawinshalegasreservoirsisacomplexandchallengingtask.Theporestructureofshalerocks,theinteractionbetweenfluidsandsolids,andtheheterogeneityofthereservoirareallcriticalfactorsthatneedtobeconsideredwhenstudyingtheflowandtransportbehaviorinthesesystems.Numericalsimulationhasproventobeavaluabletoolininvestigatingtheflowanddeformationprocessinshalegasreservoirs,buttherearestillmanylimitationsandchallengesthatneedtobeaddressedinfutureresearchInadditiontothecomplexitiesinherentinshalegasreservoirs,otherchallengesincludethelackofgeomechanicalandpetrophysicaldata,thepresenceofnaturalfractures,andtheuncertaintiesassociatedwiththepropertiesofthereservoir.Extractionofgasfromshalereservoirsalsopresentsenvironmentalandeconomicchallenges.Forexample,hydraulicfracturingrequirestheuseoflargequantitiesofwaterandchemicals,whichcanpollutegroundwaterandcauseenvironmentaldamage.

Oneareaofresearchthatisgainingincreasingattentionistheuseofmachinelearninganddataanalyticstoimprovetheunderstandingofflowbehaviorinshalegasreservoirs.Machinelearningalgorithmscananalyzelargedatasetstoidentifypatternsandrelationshipsthatwouldbedifficultorimpossibleforhumanstodetect.Byincorporatingdatafrommultiplesources,includinggeophysical,geochemical,andgeomechanicaldata,machinelearningcanhelptoimprovetheaccuracyofreservoirmodels,whichcaninturnleadtomoreeffectivestrategiesforgasextraction.

Anotherimportantareaofresearchisthedevelopmentofnewtechniquesformeasuringandcharacterizingthepropertiesofshalereservoirs.Forexample,microseismicmonitoringcanprovideinformationaboutthelocationandextentoffracturesgeneratedbyhydraulicfracturing,whilenuclearmagneticresonance(NMR)loggingcanbeusedtomeasuretheporosityandpermeabilityofshalerock.Thesetechniquescanhelptoimprovetheaccuracyofreservoirmodelsandenhanceourunderstandingoftheflowbehaviorinshalegasreservoirs.

Inconclusion,thestudyofflowbehaviorinshalegasreservoirsisacomplexandchallengingtaskthatrequirestheintegrationofknowledgefrommultipledisciplines.Whilenumericalsimulationhasproventobeavaluabletoolininvestigatingtheflowanddeformationprocessinthesesystems,therearestillmanylimitationsandchallenges.Futureresearchshouldfocusondevelopingnewmeasurementandcharacterizationtechniques,incorporatingmachinelearninganddataanalytics,andaddressingtheenvironmentalandeconomicchallengesassociatedwithshalegasextractionInadditiontothetechnicalchallenges,therearealsoenvironmentalandeconomicissuessurroundingshalegasextraction.Thehighwaterconsumptionandpotentialcontaminationofgroundwater,aswellasthereleaseofgreenhousegasesandotherpollutants,haveraisedconcernsaboutthesustainabilityofthisenergysource.Itisimportantforresearcherstocontinuetoaddresstheseissuesanddevelopmitigatingstrategiestoensurethatthebenefitsofshalegasextractionoutweighthecosts.

Effectivecommunicationandcollaborationbetweenresearchers,industryprofessionals,policymakers,andthepublicisalsocritical.Giventheinterdisciplinarynatureofshalegasresearch,itisimportantforexpertsfromdifferentfields