雅思 圖表作文寫作技巧范文

經(jīng)典word整理文檔，僅參考，雙擊此處可刪除頁眉頁腳。本資料屬于網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理，如有侵權(quán)，請(qǐng)聯(lián)系刪除，謝謝！Task1圖表作文寫作技巧（一）一、rt）Fig.1Piechartandlinegraph:salesandsharepricesforCoca-ColaFig.2PreferredleisureactivitiesofAustralianchildren二、圖表作文審題要素整個(gè)圖表的數(shù)據(jù)都是針對(duì)描述對(duì)象的。圖表的上方標(biāo)題一般會(huì)指示描述對(duì)象。弄清描述對(duì)象非常重要，因?yàn)樵谛形臅r(shí)，需要頻繁地用到它。如：salesofCocaCola,sharepriceofCocaCola,thepreferredleisureactivitiesofAustraliankidsaged5-14,wagesgrowth。對(duì)于有X軸(horizontal和Y軸(verticalY軸以符號(hào)的形式標(biāo)明。弄清描述單位對(duì)于數(shù)據(jù)的準(zhǔn)確描述非常關(guān)鍵，把握不準(zhǔn)的話就容易被當(dāng)做跑題。一般要弄清數(shù)number）和百分比（percentage;proportion）的區(qū)別。另外，記住幾個(gè)常用的單位縮寫符號(hào)：km:kilometre:percentage/proportion區(qū)別：percent,000s:thousand比如，第一頁的描述單位：bottle/percentage(piechart),dollar(linechart),percentage(barchart)三、圖表作文標(biāo)準(zhǔn)結(jié)構(gòu)1a）…N）3aaalinerateinfromto,afluctuationwithinstartsvefongitrapidlyintoinaitstartstoriseinisratesixrateaafter,torateinincountrstriking//////+……………四、圖表作文單項(xiàng)寫作技巧三大核心趨勢描述句型及衍生句型、四大趨勢、五個(gè)關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)、六組核心介詞、N個(gè)程度詞1.四大趨勢趨勢與關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)是折線圖寫作的基本構(gòu)成元素，之后的介詞、程度詞、趨勢描述句型都是圍繞著二者展開的。上升VerbsNounsriseariseVerbsNounsincreasegrowleveloutstabiliseaclimbhavenochangeremainstable/steadystayconstantaboom——asoar——anupwardtrendadownwardtrend波動(dòng)下降VerbsfluctuateoscillateswingNounsVerbsfallNounsafallswayaswaywaverawaveringdecreasediveadecreaseadiveplummetaplummetinga/an。2.五個(gè)關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)即startingpoint起點(diǎn),ending/closingpoint,peak(highestpoint)/最大值,bottom(lowestpoint)最低點(diǎn)/最小值,intersection/crossingpoint3.六組關(guān)鍵介詞圖表寫作專用介詞，與趨勢動(dòng)詞或名詞搭配，是準(zhǔn)確描述趨勢的基礎(chǔ)與關(guān)鍵！AT在某一點(diǎn)（靜態(tài)概念）搭配：begin/startat以……值開始end(up)/windup/closeat以……值結(jié)束peakat達(dá)到最高值/點(diǎn)降到最低值/點(diǎn)維持在……bottomatleveloutatstabiliseat維持在……remainstable/steadyatstayconstantatstand/dwellat維持在……維持在……在（任意的某一點(diǎn)）句型：In2040,thepercentageofsseniorcitizensaged65andabovewillbethehighest,atabout27%.(at前的逗號(hào)可省略)TO上升或下降到某一點(diǎn)（動(dòng)態(tài)概念）搭配：趨勢動(dòng)詞/名詞+；趨勢動(dòng)詞名詞+fromAtoB例如：Thewagesgrowthraterisesto6%.（趨勢動(dòng)詞短語）（趨勢名詞短語）（趨勢動(dòng)詞短語）Thewagesgrowthrateshowsariseto6%.Thewagesgrowthraterisesfrom2%to6%.Thewagesgrowthrateshowsarisefrom2%to6%.（趨勢名詞短語）BY上升或下降的幅度（相當(dāng)于漢語的“”，一般作為附加結(jié)構(gòu)放在主要趨勢描述句的后面）例如：Thewagesgrowthraterisesfrom2%to6%,anincreaseby/of4%.或：Thewagesgrowthraterisesby4%.這里不能用of)AROUND在某個(gè)點(diǎn)上下搭配：fluctuate/oscillate/sway/waver/swayaround例如：Thewagesgrowthratefluctuatesaround3percent.BETWEEN在某個(gè)區(qū)間內(nèi)搭配：fluctuate/oscillate/sway/waver/swaybetweenAandB例如：Thewagesgrowthratefluctuatesbetween2%and4%.ABOVE/OVER,UNDER/BELOW在某個(gè)點(diǎn)之上或之下例如：Thewagesgrowthratedropstounder3%in1999.（在圖表作文里，像to和under兩個(gè)介詞堆砌在一起的情況是正常的，因?yàn)閡nder和3%一起表示一個(gè)具體的點(diǎn)）-5-4.N個(gè)程度詞程度詞用于修飾趨勢動(dòng)詞或名詞，使趨勢描述更加精確。下框加粗的部分為重點(diǎn)掌握字匯。dramaticsharpabruptlyabruptsuddenlysuddenquick平緩的，緩和的moderatesteadycontinuousgradualexactlypreciselyslowlyslowinsignificantlyminimallyinsignificantminimal大約，大概approximatelyroughlyapproximaterough5.三大核心趨勢描述句型456N所涉及知識(shí)點(diǎn)都是為三大核心句型做準(zhǔn)備。我們先從最基本的而趨勢描述句型入手。例句一：工資增長率從3%上升到6%。句型一：句型二：句型三：趨勢動(dòng)詞短語Thewagesgrowthraterisesfrom3%to6%.SEE/SHOW/EXPERIENCE+趨勢名詞短語Thewagesgrowthratesees/shows/experiencesarisefrom3%to6%.又見see結(jié)構(gòu)！)+趨勢名詞短語+IN+描述對(duì)象Thereisarisefrom3%to6%inthewagesgrowth.例句二：某個(gè)國家的工資增長率從1996年的約明顯地增長到1998年的6%的時(shí)候需要注意把他們放在合適的位置。請(qǐng)看翻譯：句型一：Thewagesgrowthrateofsomecountryrisesremarkablyfromroughly3%in1996to6%in1998.句型二：Thewagesgrowthrateofsomehowsaremarkablerisefromroughly3%in1996to6%in1998.句型三：Thereisriseroughly3%in1996to6%in1998inthewagesgrowthrateofsomecountry三大基本句型是把起始值和結(jié)束值用一個(gè)趨勢短語結(jié)合起來。在實(shí)際寫作中，為了使句子富有變化，描述更加靈活，經(jīng)常也會(huì)把趨勢描述句型打散。另外，折線圖經(jīng)常以多線結(jié)合的形式出現(xiàn)，如果出現(xiàn)兩條或多條線交叉的情況，還需要用相應(yīng)的句型表達(dá)把交叉點(diǎn)前后各條線之間數(shù)值對(duì)比的變化描述出來。以下圖為例。A)打散一個(gè)完整的趨勢表達(dá)例：美國65歲及以上人口比例從1940年的約明顯地上升到2040年的約23%?；颈磉_(dá)：ThepercentageoftheUSAscitizensaged65andovergrowssignificantlyfromaround8%in1940toapproximately23%in2040.衍生表達(dá)一：ThepercentageoftheUSAscitizensaged65andoverstartsataround8%,andthengrowssignificantlytoapproximately23%in2040.衍生表達(dá)二：ThepercentageoftheUSAscitizensaged65andoverstartsataround8%,growssignificantlythereafter從那之后,andfinallyclosesatapproximately23%in2040.B)描述一個(gè)總趨勢里面的小趨勢例：美國65歲及以上人口比例從1940年的約8%明顯地上升到2040年的約23%，但是在1980年到2020年之間有一個(gè)微小的下跌。表達(dá)示例一：Thepercentageofthescitizensaged65andovergrowssignificantlyfromaround8%in1940toapproximately23%in2040.,overtheperiodbetween1980and2020,thefigureseesaninsignificantdownwardtrend.（注意：however在表達(dá)小趨勢時(shí)的應(yīng)用，另外，特別注意thefigure經(jīng)常用在圖表作文里面用于替代重復(fù)、冗長的描述對(duì)象）表達(dá)示例二：Thepercentageofthescitizensaged65andovergrowssignificantlyfromaround8%in1940toapproximately23%in2040,overtheperiodbetween1980and2020,thefigureseesaninsignificantdownwardtrend.（注意：except和when引導(dǎo)的定語從句在表達(dá)小趨勢時(shí)的應(yīng)用）C)描述交叉點(diǎn)對(duì)于兩條線的交叉點(diǎn)，一般的處理方式是把交叉點(diǎn)前后的數(shù)值對(duì)比變化描述出來。有時(shí)也會(huì)交叉點(diǎn)所對(duì)應(yīng)的具體數(shù)值。例：在194065+的人口比例約7%,2000年之后美國的65+人口比例。最后，這個(gè)數(shù)值在2040年以約25%。注：這個(gè)范例實(shí)際上反映了多條折線寫作（或者說是所有圖標(biāo)類型寫作）的一個(gè)基本理念，即要多比較（如：比美國略低、超過美國表達(dá)示例：In1940,thepercentageofSwedenscitizensaged65andoverstandsataround7%,whichisslightlylowerthanthatoftheUSA.theUSAafter2000,,thefigurebeginstogoupstrikinglyroughly25%in2040.itsurpassesthatof(注意：afterwards…until…andfinallyclosesat將整個(gè)交叉數(shù)據(jù)完整地描述出來。另外注意：surpass表示“超過”的意思)D)將小趨勢和）交叉點(diǎn)結(jié)合起來對(duì)于示例中的瑞典曲線，光把它跟美國的曲線對(duì)比還是不夠的，還需要把前者內(nèi)部的小波動(dòng)趨勢指出來。例：在194065+的人口比例約7%,2000年之后美國的2040年以約25%在1980到1990，以及2010到2030提的是，在1980到2030表達(dá)示例：In1940,thepercentageofSwedenscitizensaged65andoverstandsataround7%,whichisslightlylowerthanthatoftheUSA.theUSAafter2000,,thefigurebeginstogoupstrikinglyitsurpassesthatoftheroughly25%in2040.figureforSwedenshowsslightdeclinesbetween1980and1990,aswellasbetween2010and2030.(OR:thefigureforSwedenshowsaslightfluctuationbetween1980and2030.)E)before表示“然后”TheproportionofJapanspopulationaged65andoverdropsfromexactly5%in1940toabout3%inthe1980s,itrisessteadilyto10%in2030.Afterthat,…F)替代詞：thatof…./thefigurefor…ThewagesgrowthrateoftheUSkeepsgrowing,whilethefigurefor/thatofJapanshowsacontinuousdownwardtrendduringthesameperiod.G)關(guān)聯(lián)詞while/whereas/whilst而例：ThewagesgrowthrateoftheUSkeepsgrowing,whilethefigureforJapanshowsacontinuousdownwardtrendduringthesameperiod.specifically,tobespecific具體來講onthecontrary,n/bycontrast,ontheotherhand,unlike…,與之相反稍帶主觀性的關(guān)聯(lián)詞：interestingly有趣地是alarmingly值得警醒的是surprisingly,staggeringly令人驚訝的是unnervingly令人擔(dān)憂的是五、翻譯練習(xí)2%rateinrisesfromintoin1994.可口可樂的股票價(jià)格(shareprice)從80%sharepri