高中英語(yǔ)記敘文閱讀專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練解析

高中英語(yǔ)記述文閱讀專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練剖析高中英語(yǔ)記述文閱讀專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練剖析高中英語(yǔ)記述文閱讀專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練剖析高中英語(yǔ)閱讀專(zhuān)項(xiàng)解說(shuō)▼要求能力1、理解語(yǔ)篇要旨粗心2、理解文章詳細(xì)信息3、依照上下文推斷生詞的詞義4、作出簡(jiǎn)單判斷和推理5、理解文章的基本構(gòu)造6、理解作者的見(jiàn)解、妄圖和態(tài)度▼題型動(dòng)向1、要旨粗心題2、細(xì)節(jié)理解題3、詞義判斷題4、推斷題5、見(jiàn)解態(tài)度題●▓要旨粗心題文章要旨給出的四種形式:文首,文中,文尾,沒(méi)有明確要旨,需總結(jié).誠(chéng)然作者表達(dá)主題思想的方式不同樣，但命題常用的提問(wèn)方式有以下幾種：What’sthemainidea/subject/topicofthepassage?ThemainideaofthepassageisThepassageismainlyabout_____.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?Thebesttitleforthepassageis/mightbe____.Theauthor’smainpurposeofwritingthispassageis____.★做題要領(lǐng)：文章要旨平常會(huì)出現(xiàn)在文首,文中或文尾，因此搜尋主題句或主題段經(jīng)常是做好此類(lèi)題的重點(diǎn)。但當(dāng)文中沒(méi)有直接出現(xiàn)主題句，應(yīng)付文章意思全面理解后歸納歸納要旨，但不能夠太抽象即不切主題,過(guò)頭其實(shí)或以偏概全?！揪氁痪殹縄fyouwereplanningtobuyatelevisionset,thefollowingadvertisementwouldcertainlyattractyourattention:"ColorTV,only$79.Two-daysale.Hurry."However,whenyougotothestorereadytobuy,youmaydiscoverthattheadvertisedsetsaresoldout.Butthesalesmanisquicktoreassureyouthathehasanothermodel,amorereliablesetwhichis"justrightforyou."Itcosts$359.Thissalestacticiscalled"baitandswitch."Buyersarebaitedwithasalesoffer,andthentheyareswitchedtoanothermorecostlyitem.Buyingitemsonsalerequirescarefulconsiderationofthemerchandise（商品）andthereasonsforthesale.Whichsentencebestexpressesthemainidea?Thecustomermustbeonhisguardwhenpurchasingitemsonsale.Colortelevisionsetswhichsellfor$79aresoldoutquickly.Manystoresusethe"baitandswitch"techniquetoattractcustomers.Anyoneplanningtobuyatelevisionsetshouldlookforasale.【練一練】Aftercompletinghiscollegestudies,LarryBirdbeganplayingprofessionalbasketballfortheHustonCeltics.HeremainedwiththeCelticsforallhisprofessionalcareer.Duringthose13years,LarryBirdwasnamedtheMostValuablePlayeroftheyearthreetimes.Hescoredmorethan21,000points,andheplayedin13ofthehighestscoringgamesinhisteam’shistory.Oncehescored60pointsinjustonegame.ThemainideaofthesecondparagraphisthatLarryBird_____.wasthenamedtheMostValuablePlayeroftheYearwasstrongandtallwasgoodatshootingbasketswastheoldestplayeroftheteam●▓細(xì)節(jié)理解題這類(lèi)題目是針對(duì)文章的詳細(xì)事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)而出,因此平常能在文章中直接或間接地找到答案.此類(lèi)要求查找重要事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)的試題平常以以下形式提出：Whichofthefollowingstatementsis(not)trueaccordingtothepassage?Whichofthefollowingis(not)discussed/Mentionedinthepassage?Accordingtothepassage,what/where/Which/who/why/when/how?Allofthefollowingare(not)true/mentioned/discussedexcept_________.Howdoestheauthor/writerfeelabout___?【練一練】(07年高考北京卷）Lyinginthesunonarock,thecougar(美洲獅)sawJebandhisson,Tom,beforetheysawit.Jebputhisbagdownquicklyandpulledhisjacketopenwithbothhands,makinghimselflookbigtothecougar.Itworked.Thecougarhesitated,readytoattackkJeb,butreadytoforgetthewholething,too.WhydidJebpullhisjacketopenwhenhesawthecougar?A.Togetreadytofight.B.Tofrightenitaway.C.Toprotecttheboy.D.Tocooldown.【練一練】07高考天津卷)ThecityofRomehaspassedanewlawtopreventcrueltytoanimals.Allgoldfishbowlsarenolongerallowedanddogownersmustwalktheirdogs.Thiscomesafteranationallawwaspassedtogiveprisonsentencestopeoplewhodesertcatsordogs.“Thecivilizationofacitycanbemeasuredbythis.”saidMonicacarina,thecouncilor(議員）behindthenewlaw.?PeopleinRomebelievethatthecivilizationofacitycanbejudgedbyits____.A.exchangeswithothercitiesB.protectionforancientruinsC.awarenessofanimalprotectionD.recognitionofanimallover●▓?jiān)~義／語(yǔ)義判斷題這類(lèi)考題常有的提問(wèn)方式有以下幾種：Accordingtotheauthor,theunderlinedword””means____.Fromthepassage,wecaninferthattheword””is___.★“”canbebestreplacedby___.Whatdoestheauthorprobablymeanby””?By””,theauthormeansthat___★做題要領(lǐng)做此類(lèi)題時(shí)，應(yīng)在文中找線(xiàn)索或信息詞。依照上下文判斷新詞匯在特定句中的確意思依照周?chē)煜さ脑~及語(yǔ)義判斷新單詞之意，有時(shí)還需依賴(lài)構(gòu)詞法?！揪氁痪殹?07年高考全國(guó)卷）BorninChicagoin1902,broughtupandschooledinNebraska.the19-year-oldcollegegraduateRalphTylerbecamehookedonteachingwhileteachingasascienceteacherinSouthDakotaandchangedhismajorfrommedicinetoeducation.Thewords‘‘hookedonteaching”underlinedinParagraph2probablymean____.A.attractedtoteachingB.tiredofteachingC.satisfiedwithteachingD.unhappyaboutteaching【練一練】MostwomeninGhana——theeducatedandilliterate,theurbanandrural,theyoungandoldworktoearnanincomeinadditiontomaintainingtheirrolesashousewivesandmothers.Theirreputationforeconomicindependence,self-reliance,andhardworkiswellknownandwelldeserved(值得的).?Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“illiterateA.repeatB.reiteratedC.uneducatedD.sick

”?●▓推斷題以原文內(nèi)容為前提,透過(guò)現(xiàn)象看實(shí)質(zhì)即透過(guò)文章表面文字信息推斷文章隱含意思。依照作者的見(jiàn)解理論客觀地對(duì)文中未顯然說(shuō)明的現(xiàn)象或事例賞賜合理的邏輯推斷，做出必然解說(shuō)。推斷題的常有形式：Itcanbeinferred/concludedfromthetextthat____.Fromthetextweknowthat______.Thepassageimpliesthat______.Theparagraphfollowingthepassagewillmostprobablydiscusses______.解推斷題的方法：解推斷題最主要的方法是依照語(yǔ)義關(guān)系推斷詳細(xì)細(xì)節(jié)。【練一練】Onedayamanwalkedintoapetshopandsaidtotheshopassistant，“Ineedtwosmallmiceandaboutfivedozenroaches(蟑螂)andtwospiders.”“Whatdoyouneedthesethingsfor?”theshopassistantwasverysurprised.“Well,”repliedtheman,“I’mmovingoutofmyapartmentandthelandlordinsiststhatIshouldleavethehouseinexactlythesameconditionasIfoundit.”Thepassagesuggeststhatwhenthewritermovedintothehouse,itwas______.A.verycleanB.justcleanedbythelandlordC.tidyandcomfortableD.dirtyandfullofinsect【練一練

】(07高考全國(guó)卷）Anyonewhocaresaboutwhatschoolsandcollegesteachandhowtheirstudentslearnwillbeinterestedinthememoir(回想錄)ofRalphW.Tyler,whoisoneofthemostfamousmeninAmericaneducation.?WhoaremostprobablyinterestedinRalphW.Tyler’smemoir?A.TopmanagerB.LanguagelearnersC.SeriouseducatorD.Scienceorganizations●▓見(jiàn)解態(tài)度題回答這類(lèi)問(wèn)題應(yīng)從篇章的體裁下手

.

一般來(lái)說(shuō)

,在說(shuō)明文中作者的態(tài)度是客觀的或中立的

;在討論文中

,作者的態(tài)度才會(huì)顯得多種多樣

.

能夠依照闡述主題或有關(guān)主題的有關(guān)語(yǔ)句或詞語(yǔ)確定作者的態(tài)度。常有的態(tài)度詞語(yǔ)有

:positive

support

approval(

同意的）

optimistic★

critical

negative

tolerant

disappointedpessimistic(

悲觀的)

indifferent(

冷淡的)

doubtfulNeutral(中立的）

objective(

客觀的）這類(lèi)考題常有的提問(wèn)方式有以下幾種:What’stheauthor’s/writer’sattitudeto?Theauthorthinks/suggests/believesthat___.★Howdoestheauthorfeelabout?Whichofthefollowingwilltheauthoragree/disagreewith?Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthortowards?

’sattitude【練一練】Whyisn’tyournewspaperreportinganygoodnews?AllIreadaboutismurder,bribery(賄賂),anddeath.Frankly,Iamsickofallthisbadnews.Thisauthor’sattitudetowardsthenewspaperreportingisto_____.A.complainB.apologizeC.amuseD.doubt【練一練】AmonthafterHurricaceKatrina,IreturnedhomeinNewOrleans.Therelaymyhouse,reducedtowaist-highrains,smellyanddirty.Beforethetrip,I’dhadmycarfixed.Whentheofficeemployeeofthegaragewaswritingupthebill,shenoticedmyLouisianalicenseplate.oufromNew“YOrleans?”sheasked.IsaidIwas,“Nocharge.”Shesaid,andirmlyfshockherheadwhenIreachedformywallet.ThenextdayIwentforahaircut,andthesamethinghappened.AsmywifewasstudyinginFlorida,wedecidedtomovethereandtriedtofindarentalhousethatwecouldaffordwhilealsopayingoffamortgage（抵押貸款）onourruinedhouse.Welookedatmanyplaces,butnonewassatisfactory.We’dbegantoacceptthatwe’dhavetoliveinextremelyreducedcircumstancesforawhile,whenIgotaverycuriouse-mailfromaJamesKemmedyinCalifornia.Heread’dsomepiecesI’dwrittenaboutoursufferingsforstate,theonlinemagazineandwantedtogiveus(“noconditionsattached”)anewhouseacrossthelakefromNewOrleans.Itsoundedagoodtoherreturn,butIreplied,thinkinghimforhisexceptionalgenerosity,thenwetogoback.ThentheUniversityofFloridaofferedtolethimhousetome.WhilehewanttoEnglandonhisoneyear,paidleave.Therentwasratherreasonable.Imentionedthepoet’soffertoJamesKemdedy,andthenextdayhesentacheckcoveringourentirerentforeightmonths.Throughoutthispainfulexperience,thekindnessofstrangersbackmyfaithinhumanity.It’almostworthlosingyouwordypossessionstoberemindedthatpeoplereallywhengivenhadachannel.56．Thegarageemployee’sattitudetowardtheauthorwasthatofA．unconcernB．sympathyC．doubtD．tolerance57．WhatdoweknowaboutJamesKemnedy?A．Hewasawrittenofanonlinemagazine.B．HewasapoetattheUniversityofFloridaC．Heofferedtheauthoranewhousefreeofcharge.D．Helearnedabouttheauthor’ssufferings.58．ItcanbeinferredfromthetextthatA．theauthor’sfamilywasinfinancialdifficultyB．rentswerecomparativelyreasonabledespitethedisasterC．housesweredifficulttofindinthehurricane-strickenareaD．themortgageontheruinedhousewaspaidoffbythebank59．TheauthorlearnedfromhisexperiencethatA．worldlypossessionscanbegivenupwhennecessaryB．generosityshouldbeencouragedinsomecasesC．peoplebenefitfromtheirsadstorieD．humanbeingsarekindafterall.【練一練】Thefamousdirectorofabigandexpensivemovieplannedtofilmabeautifulsunsetovertheocean,sothattheaudiencescouldseehisheroandheroineinfrontofitattheendofthefilmastheysaidgoodbyetoeachotherforever.Hesenthiscameracrewoutoneeveningtofilmthesunsetforhim.Thenextmorninghesaidtothemen,"Haveyouprovidedmewiththatsunset?""No,sir,"themenanswered.Thedirectorwasangry."Whynot?"heasked."Well,sir,"oneofthemenanswered,"we'reontheeastcoasthere,andthesunsetsinthewest.Wecangetyouasunriseoverthesea,ifnecessary,butnotasunset.""ButIwantasunset!"thedirectorshouted."Gototheairport,takethenextflighttothewestcoast,andgetone."Butthenayoungsecretaryhadanidea."Whydon'tyouphotographasunrise,"shesuggested,"andthenplayitbackwards?Thenit'lllooklikeasunset.""That'saverygoodidea!"thedirectorsaid.Thenheturnedtothecameracrewandsaid,"TomorrowmorningIwantyoutogetmeabeautifulsunriseoverthesea."Thecameracrewwentoutearlythenextmorningandfilmedabrightsunriseoverthebeachinthemiddleofabeautifulbay.Thenatnineo'clocktheytookittothedirector."Hereitis,sir,"theysaid,andgaveittohim.Hewasverypleased.Theyallwentintothestudio."Allright,"thedirectorexplained,"nowourheroandheroinearegoingtosaygoodbye.Runthefilmbackwardssothatwecanseethe'sunset'behindthem."The"sunset"began,butafteraquarterofaminute,thedirectorsuddenlyputhisfaceinhishandsandshoutedtothecameracrewtostop.Thebirdsinthefilmwereflyingbackwards,andthewavesontheseaweregoingawayfromthebeach.1.Oneevening,thedirectorsenthiscameracrewout_________.A.tofilmasceneontheseaC.towatchabeautifulsunset

B.tofindanactorandanactressD.tomeettheaudienceWhydidthedirectorwanttosendhiscrewtothewestcoast?A.Becausehechangedhismindaboutgettingasunset.B.Becausehewasangrywithhiscrew.C.Becausehewantedtogetasceneofsunset.D.Becauseitwashissecretary'ssuggestion.Thedirectorwantedtofilmasunsetovertheoceanbecause______.A.itwentwellwiththeseparationoftheheroandheroineB.whentheyarrivedatthebeachitwasalreadyintheeveningC.itwasmoremovingthanasunriseD.theoceanlookedmorebeautifulatsunsetAfterthe"sunset"began,thedirectorsuddenlyputhisfaceinhishands______.A.becausehewasmovedtotearsB.ashesaweverythinginthefilmmovingbackwardsC.asthesunrisedidnotlookasbeautifulashehadimaginedD.becausehewasdisappointedwiththeperformanceoftheheroandheroine5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Thecrewhadtofollowthesecretary'sadvice.B.Ifyouwanttoseeasunrise,theeastcoatistheplacetogo.C.Thecameracrewwasn'tabletofilmthescenethefirstday.D.Thedirectororderedhiscrewtostopfilmingthe"sunset".【練一練】Themostimportantholidayinspring,especiallyforChristians,isEaster.ThisChristianholidayisnotonthesamedateeveryyear，butit'salwaysonaSunday.ItcanbeanySundaybetweenMarch22andApril25.ManypeoplecelebrateEasterbybuyingnewclothes.Childrencelebratebyhuntingforcoloredeggsthattheirparentshavehiddenaroundthehouse.PeoplealsogiveEasterbasketsfilledwithcandyandothergoodiestooneanothertocelebratetheday.Buttheholidayismorethannewclothesandgoodthingstoeat.OnEaster,manypeoplegotochurchtocelebrateJesus'resurrection（復(fù)生）fromthedead.MostpeoplecolorEstereggs.Somepeoplehidethem.Othersjusteatthem.ButnomatterwhatonedoeswithEastereggs，theyareanimportantEastertraditionthroughouttheWesternworld.PeoplefrommanydifferentculturescelebrateEaster.InbothAmericaandBelgium,childrenlookforEastereggshiddenonlawnsandinbushes.InAmerica,childrenbelievetheeggsarehiddenbytheEasterbunny(兔子).ButinBelgium,thehiddeneggsaresupposedtohavefallenfromchurchbells.InBu