2019年臨沂市中考英語試題及答案解析

2019年臨沂市初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試試題英語注意事項(xiàng):1.本試卷分第1卷(選擇題)和第卷(非選擇題)兩部分，共10頁.滿分100分，考試時間100分鐘。答卷前，考生務(wù)必用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號、座號填寫在試卷和答題卡規(guī)定的位置。考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。2.答題注意事項(xiàng)見答題卡，簣?jiān)诒驹嚲砩喜坏梅帧５贗卷(選擇題共55分)一、聽力測試(共15小題，計(jì)15分)注意:聽力測試分四部分，共20小題。做題時，請先將答案畫在試卷上,錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，將所選答案轉(zhuǎn)除到答題卡上。(一)(聽句子，選擇與句子內(nèi)容相對應(yīng)的圖片。每個句子讀兩遍。(二)(聽對話和問題，根據(jù)所聽內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。對話和問題都讀兩遍。6.A.Todobusiness.B.Tovisitherfriends.C.Tostudymedicine.7.A.Sally's.B.Alan's.C.Danny's.8.A.Somechicken.B.Somesandwiches.C.Somefish.9.A.Hewillgotothepark.B.Hewillprepareforaparty.C.Hewilltakeanexam.10.A.Athome.B.Ontheplayground.C.Inthelibrary.(三)(聽短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷下列句子正誤，正確的用“A”表示，不正確的用“B”表示。短文讀兩遍。聽短文前，你們有20秒鐘的時間閱讀下列句子。11.HelenThayerwasthefirstwomanwhowalkedtotheNorthPole(北極)alone.12.HelenwasbornintheUnitedStates.13.HelenhadadreamtowalktotheNorthPolealonewhenshewasfrty.14.Onherjourney,Helenwalked345milesinfreezingweatherconditions.15.Once,sevenpolarbears(北極熊)wantedtoeatHelen.Luckily,shesavedherself.請考生們翻到第7頁,先找到第四大題。你們將有5秒鐘的準(zhǔn)備時間?！敬鸢浮俊韭犃Σ牧稀慷?、單項(xiàng)填空(共15小題，計(jì)15分)選擇最佳答案。16.(Berlinis___________capitalofGermany,A./B.aC.the16.C考查冠詞用法。句意：柏林是德國的首都。根據(jù)句意可知表示特指“德國的首都”。故選C。17.(Intheworld,morethan30%ofschoolsdonotprovidesafedrinkingwater_________about570millionchildren.A.withB.forC.towards17.B考查介詞的用法。句意：在世界上，超過30%的學(xué)校沒有為大約5.7億兒童提供安全的飲用水。固定搭配providesth.forsb.意為“為某人提供某物”。故選B。18.(IfIleavemyhouseat9o'clockanddrivetotheairport,I'llarriveatabout11.Soit'sabouttwo_________drivefrommyhousetotheairport.A.hours'B.hour'sC.hours18.A考查名詞所有格。句意：如果我9點(diǎn)離開家開車去機(jī)場，我將在11點(diǎn)左右到達(dá)。所以從我家到機(jī)場大約有兩個小時的車程?；鶖?shù)詞two后用名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填hours，此處指“兩個小時的車程”，用名詞所有格，故在hours后加“’”。故選A。19.(—I'mgettinghungry.Doyouknowwherewecangetsomegoodfood?—Ofcourse!There_________arestaurantaroundthecorner.A.willbeB.wasC.is19.C考查therebe句型。句意：—我餓了。你知道我們在哪里可以買到好食物嗎?—當(dāng)然有!拐角處有一家餐館。根據(jù)句意可知用一般現(xiàn)在時，而therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中，be動詞與后面相鄰的主語保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致，本句主語為arestaurant，為單數(shù)，故選C。20.(Arecentsurveyshowsthat44percentofAmericanswanttouseself-drivingcars,_____34percentbelievethattheywillmaketheroadsmoredangerous.A.althoughB.becauseC.if20.A考查連詞的用法。句意：最近的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，44%的美國人希望使用自動駕駛汽車，盡管34%的人認(rèn)為這將使道路更加危險(xiǎn)。although盡管；雖然；because因?yàn)椋籭f如果。由句意可知前后句表示讓步關(guān)系，故選A。21.(Tenniscanexerciseallofourmuscles(肌肉).Anditrequires_______tospendtimewithothers.Thisisgoodforourhealthtoo.A.oursB.usC.we21.B考查人稱代詞的用法。句意：網(wǎng)球可以鍛煉我們的肌肉。它需要我們花時間和別人在一起。這對我們的健康也有好處。動詞require后跟人稱代詞賓格作賓語，故選B。22.(Antsareprettysmall.Youmightthinkthatthey__________beratherweak.Butwhatyoumightnotknowisthatantsareactuallyverystrongfortheirsize.A.needB.can'tC.must22.C考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：螞蟻非常小。你可能認(rèn)為他們一定很弱小。但你可能不知道的是，就螞蟻的體型而言，它們實(shí)際上非常強(qiáng)壯。must表示對肯定的推測；can’t表示對否定的推測，故選C。23.("Left-behind"children___________seetheirparents,becausetheirparentsworkinthecities,leavingthembehindinthecountrysidetobecaredforbytheirgrandparents.A.alwaysB.hardlyeverC.often23.B句意：留守兒童很少見到他們的父母，因?yàn)樗麄兊母改冈诔鞘泄ぷ鳎阉麄兞粼谵r(nóng)村由他們的祖父母照顧。always總是；hardlyever幾乎不；often經(jīng)常。根據(jù)“他們的父母在城市里工作”可推知，他們幾乎見不到他們的父母。故選B。24.(Aroundtheworld,300milliontonsofplastic________eachyear,ofwhichabout10percentendsupinthesea.A.iscreatedB.wascreatedC.creates24.A考查動詞的語態(tài)。句意：全球每年制造出3億噸塑料，其中約10%最終流入大海。根據(jù)句意和句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知主語300milliontonsofplastic和謂語動詞create之間是被動關(guān)系，由時間狀語eachyear可知用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。故選C。25.(RoyworksinLondon.It___________himabouthalfanhourtogettoworkbybuseveryday.AcostsB.spendsC.takes25.C考查動詞辨析。句意：羅伊在倫敦工作。他每天乘公共汽車去上班大約需要半個小時。。此處是句類型：Ittakestimetodosth.的搭配。故選C。26.(Cathysoldsomeofherthingsinayardsaleand_________themoneytoachildren'shome.A.gaveawayB.gaveupc.gaveout26.A考查動詞短語辨析。句意：凱茜在一次庭院拍賣會上賣掉了她的一些東西，把錢捐給了一個兒童之家。giveaway捐贈；giveup放棄；giveout分發(fā)。根據(jù)句意“賣掉東西”和“兒童之家”可知是“捐贈”。故選A。27.(Meltingice(融冰)cancausesealevelstorise.Since1993,sealevels_________ataspeedof32cmevery10years.A.roseB.haverisenC.rise27.B考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：融化的冰會導(dǎo)致海平面上升。自1993年以來，海平面每10年以32厘米的速度上升。根據(jù)時間狀語since1993可知謂語動詞用一般現(xiàn)在時。28.(Abreakbetweenclassesisagoodtimeforstudentstoplaysportsandtalkwiththeirclassmates.Soit_________helpswithstudents'health,________improvestheirsocialskills.A.either;orB.neither;norC.notonly;butalso28.C考查連詞辨析。句意：課間休息是學(xué)生們做運(yùn)動和與同學(xué)交談的好時間。因此，它不僅有助于學(xué)生的健康，而且提高他們的社交技能。either…or…“或者……或者……”；neither…nor…“既不……也不……”；notonly…butalso…“不但……而且……”。根據(jù)句意“有助于學(xué)生的健康”和“提高他們的社交技能”可知表示“不但……而且……”，故選C。29.(PeppaPig(《小豬佩奇》)isaBritishcartoon______hasbeenpopularinChinaandismuchlovedbylittlechildrenandtheirparents.A.whoB.whichC./29.B考查定語從句。句意：《小豬佩奇》是一部英國卡通片，在中國很受歡迎，深受小孩子和他們的父母的喜愛。根據(jù)句意和句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知本句為定語從句，定語從句的先行詞為cartoon，指物，用which或that，在定語從句中作主語，故不能省略。30.(Arebabiescarefree(無憂無慮)?AnewstudyfromtheUSsaysthat2-year-oldbabiescareabout_________.A.howotherssawthemB.howdoothersseethemC.howothersseethem30.C考查賓語從句。句意：嬰兒無憂無慮嗎?美國的一項(xiàng)新研究表明，兩歲的嬰兒很在意別人怎么看他們。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知是賓語從句，用陳述語序，結(jié)合句意可知賓語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。故選C。三、閱讀理解。(共25小題，計(jì)25分)A(Doyouoftenlistentomusicatloudvolumes(音量)?Youshouldknowthatthishabitisbadforyourhearing.Over1billionyoungpeopleareatriskofhearingloss(聽力喪失),becauseoflisteningtoloudnoiseforlongperiodsoftime.ListeningtomusicorwatchingaTVshowatloudvolumescanharmyourhearing.TheUnitedNationshasstandardsforsafelistening.Itisnotsafetolistentosoundsthatarelouderthan85dB(分貝)foreighthoursor100dBfor15minutes.Thesoundofabusyroadisabout85dBandthesoundofarockconcertcanbeabout100dB.Loudnoiseisharmfultotheinner二Mostofusarebonwithabout16,000haircells(聽毛細(xì)胞)inourinnerears.Thesecellsnoticesounds.However,listeningtoloudnoiseforalongtimecanmakethesecellsworktoohardandcausesomeofthemtodie.Thisiswhatcauseshearingloss.Oncethishappens,it'shardtogetyourhearingback.Somepeoplemightthinkthattheirmusicisn'tallthatloud.Butthiscandependonwhereyouare.Forexample,ifyouareinanoisyplacelikethesubway,youmightturnupyourmusictooloudwithoutrealizingit.Later,whenyoulistentoitatthesamevolumeinaquietplace,youalightfeeluncomfortableThe"safelevel"formostsoundisbelow80dBforupto40hoursaweek.Alevelof80dBisaboutequalto(相當(dāng)于)thenoiseofasubway.Hereissomeadviceonsafelistening.Over-the-earheadphones(頭戴式耳機(jī))arebetterthanin-earones.Theydoabetterjobofstoppingoutsidenoise,soyoucanlistenatalowervolume.Don'tlistentoloudmusiconyourheadphonesforalongtime.Followthe60:60rule:listentomusicat60percentofyourheadphones'maximumvolumefornomorethan60minutesaday.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷下列句子正誤。正確的用“A”表示，不正確的用“B”表示。31.Itissafetolistentosoundsthatarelouderthan100dBfor15minutes32.Listeningtoloudnoiseforalongtimecancausesomehaircellsintheinnereartodie.33.Fromthefourthparagraph,weknowpeopledon'talwaysrealizehowloudtheirmusicis.34.In-earheadphonesarebetterthanover-the-eatonesbecausetheycanstopmoreoutsidenoise.35.Thisarticlemainlytellsuswhyearsareanimportantpartofourbodies.題材說明文話題科普知識詞數(shù)344【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文，本文介紹了超過85分貝的聲音，對人聽力的損害并提出安全傾聽的建議。31.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句Itisnotsafetolistentosoundsthatarelouderthan85dBforeighthoursor100dBfor15minutes.可知，聽85分貝以上的聲音8小時或100分貝以上的聲音15分鐘是不安全的。故表述與原文不相符。32.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第四句However,listeningtoloudnoiseforalongtimecanmakethesecellsworktoohard,andcausesomeofthemtodie.可知，然而，長時間聽太大的噪音會使這些細(xì)胞工作過度，導(dǎo)致一些細(xì)胞死亡。故表述與原文相符。33.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第四句Forexample,ifyouareinanoisyplacelikethesubway,youmightturnupyourmusictooloudwithoutrealizingit.可知，例如，如果你在像地鐵這樣嘈雜的地方，你可能會把音樂開得太大而沒有意識到。故表述與原文表述相符。34.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句Over-the-earheadphonesarebetterthanin-earones.可知，戴在耳朵外面的耳機(jī)比戴在耳朵里的好。故本句表述與原文不符。35.B主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了高音對人們聽力損害以及給人們的一些建議。故表述與原文不符。B(Doyouwanttoimproveyourphysicsandchemistrygrades?Well,maybeyoushouldfirstlearnsomethingaboutthestruggles(奮斗)ofgreatscientists.TheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationdidaninterestingstudy.Morethan400studentsfromschoolsinNewYorkCitytookpartinit.Thestudentsweredividedintothreegroups.Group1readatypicaltextbookthatdescribestheachievementsofgreatscientists.Group2readaboutthosescientists'personalstruggles.Forexample,asaJew,Einstein(愛因斯坦)ranawayfromNaziGermanytoavoidpersecution(迫害).Thelastgroupreadaboutthescientists'intellectualstruggles,suchasMarieCurie'sfailedscientifictests.Thesestoriesaboutstrugglesalsotoldstudentshowthescientistsdealtwiththeseobstacles障礙).Thestudentstookascienceexambeforethestudy.Afterthesix-weekstudy,theytookanother.ScientistsfoundthoseinGroups2and3improvedtheirsciencegrades.StudentsinGroup1didn'tseeagradeincrease.Someofthemevenhadlowergradesafterthestudy.ThestudywasledbyXiaodongLin-Siegler,ateacheratColumbiaUniversity.AccordingtoXiaodong,kidsoftenthinkEinsteinwastrulyintelligent.Theybelievetheywillnevermatchhim.Manyofthemfailtorealizethatanysuccessrequiresalongjourney.Alongtheway,therearemanyfailures失敗).Studentswhoreadthestrugglestoriesmoreprobablysaidthatgreatscientistswerelikethemselves.The"greatminds"alsohadtoovercomeobstaclestoachievesuccess.Xiaodongsaystoday'ssciencetextbooksfailtobringsciencetolife.Asaresult,studentsseldomregardscienceaspartoftheireverydaylives.Instead,theyjustseealonglistoffactsthattheyhavetoremember.Xiaodongthinkstextbooksshouldincludemorestoriesabouthowgreatscientistshadtostruggletosucceed.Andstudentsshouldfocusmoreonhowthesescientistsdealtwiththeobstaclestheymetalongtheway.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。36.Accordingtothearticle,studentscanimprovetheirphysicsandchemistrygradesby_______.A.readingtheachievementsofgreatscientistsmorecarefullyB.listeningmorecarefullytotheirphysicsandchemistryteachersC.learningabouthowgreatscientistsdealtwiththeirobstacles37.Allofthestudentswhotookpartinthestudy_________. A.wereinterestedinphysicsandchemistryB.wenttoschoolinNewYorkCityC.wantedtoimprovetheirphysicsandchemistrygrades38.AndyHuntwasoneofthestudentswhotookpartinthestudy.Accordingtohisreportcard,hewasprobablyamemberof_________.AndyHuntClass2,Grade9Physics2018.4-9862018-5-2279 A.Group1 B.Group2 C.Group339.InParagraphFour,theword"match"means"___________"inChinese. A.滿足 B.比得上 C.配對40.XiaodongLin-Sieglerthinkssciencetextbooksshould____________________. A.tellstudentsdirectlythatEinsteinwasbornacommonman B.makethelonglistsoffactsthatstudentshavetoremembermoreinteresting C.includemorestoriesabouthowgreatscientistshadtostruggletosucceed題材說明文話題數(shù)字與數(shù)據(jù)詞數(shù)321【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文，本文通過美國的一項(xiàng)科學(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，提高物理和化學(xué)成績，應(yīng)該多了解一些科學(xué)家為科學(xué)研究客服一些障礙的故事。36.C主旨大意題。本文通過美國的一項(xiàng)科學(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，提高物理和化學(xué)成績，應(yīng)該多了解一些科學(xué)家為科學(xué)研究客服一些障礙的故事。故選C。37.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句Morethan400studentsfromschoolsinNewYorkCitytookpartinit.可知，來自紐約市的400多名學(xué)生參加了這次活動。從而可判斷出，這些學(xué)生都是來自紐約的學(xué)生，故選項(xiàng)B符合題意。38.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。分析題意可知，AndyHunt的成績在下降，又根據(jù)第三段最后兩句StudentsinGroup1didn'tseeagradeincrease.Someofthemevenhadlowergradesafterthestudy.可知，第一組的學(xué)生沒有看到成績的提高。他們中的一些人甚至在實(shí)驗(yàn)后的分?jǐn)?shù)更低。故選A。39.B詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文“孩子們常常認(rèn)為愛因斯坦真的很聰明”，從而可推知，他們（孩子們）相信他們永遠(yuǎn)也比不上他。故選B。40.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)最后兩句Xiaodongthinkstextbooksshouldincludemorestoriesabouthowgreatscientistshadtostruggletosucceed.可知，曉東認(rèn)為教科書應(yīng)該包括更多關(guān)于偉大的科學(xué)家如何奮斗才能成功的故事。故選C。C(根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容.從方框中選出恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或短語填空，使語意通順完整。第一個方框供41-45小題選用，第二個方框供46-50小題選用。每個選項(xiàng)只能便用一次，每框有一項(xiàng)剩余。A.cometrueB.everythingC.assoonasD.richestE.fingerF.nothingManyyearsago,therewasaGreekkingnamedMidas.KingMidaslovedgoldverymuch.Hehadmoregoldthananyotherkingintheworld,buthestillwantedmore.Oneday,abeautifulfairy(仙子)cametohispalace."Midas,youarethe41manintheworld,"saidthefairy."Yes,"saidtheking,"butIwantmoregoldbecausegoldisthemostwonderfulthingintheworld!""Yourwishwill42,"saidthefairy."Fromtomorrowmorning,youcanturneverythingyoutouchintogold."KingMidasgotupveryearlythenextmorning.Hewantedtoseeifhiswishhadreallycometrue.Hetouchedhisbedwithhis43andthebedwasturnedintogold.Thekingwaswildwithjoy.Heranaroundhispalaceandtouchedeverythinghesaw.Everythingwasturnedintogold! Thekingfelthungryafterrunningaroundforalongtime.Hedecidedtohavehisbreakfast.However,44hetouchedabowlofmilk,thebowl,togetherwiththemilkinit,wasturnedintogold.What'smore,thebreadandthemeatwerealsoturnedintogoldwhenhetouchedthem.Intheend,thepoorkingate45.A.wonderfulB.terribleC.withD.daughter'sE.rightawayF.rushedKingMidaswassittinghungrilyatthedinnertablewhenhislittledaughterrantohim.Hehuggedherandthelittlegirlbecameagoldstatue(雕塑)46.Thekingfeltafraid."Fairy,"heshouted,"takeawaythis47gift!Givemebackmylittlegirl!"Inamoment,thefairywasstandingbeforehim."Doyoustillthinkthatgoldisthegreatestthingintheworld?"askedthefairy"No,no!"criedtheking."Ihavelearnedmylesson!""Verywell,"saidthefairy."Thereisaspring（泉）inthegarden.Sprinkle(灑)thingsthatyouhavetouched48thewaterfromthespring."Theking49tothespring.Heranbackwithabottleofwaterandsprinkledthewateronhis50head.Soon,thelittlegirlcametolife.Hethensprinkledhisbreakfast.Tohisgreatjoy,itturnedbacktorealbreadandmeat!/GZYY-SYS201501100602007089258025.html答案：41.____________42.__________43.___________44._________45.___________46.___________47.__________48.____________49._________50.___________題材記敘文話題寓言故事詞數(shù)368【主旨大意】本文敘述了希臘一位貪婪的國王喜歡金子，要求仙女多給他金子，仙女決定懲罰他，讓他的手指接觸的任何東西或人都變成金子，這讓國王后悔不已。故事告訴我們：做人不要太貪心,貪心不足蛇吞象，上帝給人帶來的不僅僅是福祉。41.D根據(jù)上文Hehadmoregoldthananyotherkingintheworld可知，他是世界上最富有的人。修飾man用形容詞，故選D。42.A句意：你的愿望會實(shí)現(xiàn)的。根據(jù)句意并結(jié)合主語yourwish可知選A。43.E根據(jù)with和his可知，此處填名詞，結(jié)合句意“他用手指摸了摸床，床就變成了金子?！笨芍xE。44.C分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處填連詞，結(jié)合上下文語義可知，然而，他一摸到一碗牛奶，碗里的牛奶就變成了金子。45.F結(jié)合上文…h(huán)etouchedabowlofmilk,thebowl,togetherwiththemilkinit,wasturnedintogold.可知，他什么也沒有吃。46.E根據(jù)句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處填時間狀語，結(jié)合上下文可知，他擁抱了她，小女孩變成了一座雕塑。47.B依據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知填限定詞，結(jié)合上文語境可知，拿走這個可怕的禮物!把我的小女兒還給我!48.C根據(jù)上下文語境并結(jié)合句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，你要把你從泉里所沾的水灑在其上。49.F根據(jù)上下文語境并結(jié)合句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，國王沖到泉水邊。50.D根據(jù)上下文可知此處指“他女兒的頭”。D(Wehavefoundplasticintheoceanandinanimalslikebirds,fishandwhales.Butforthefirsttime,scientistshavefoundplasticinhumanpoop(大便),USATodayreported.ThefindingscamefromastudyledbyscientistsfromEnvironmentAgencyAustria.51Thevolunteerswrotedownwhattheyateforaweekandthenprovidedastoolsample(大便樣本)fortesting.52About20smallplasticparticles(IM)werefoundinevery10grams(克)ofstool."Thesmallestplasticparticlescanentertheblood,thelymphaticsystem,andmayevenreachtheliver(肝臟),"saidPhilippSchwabl,whotookpartintheresearch.53They’renotsurehowtheplasticgotinthevolunteers'bodies,either.Butmostofthevolunteerssaidtheydrankfromplasticbottlesandalsoateseafoodthatcouldincludeplasticfromoceanpollution.Infact,plasticiseverywherearoundus.Everyyear,lotsofplasticwastegoesintotheocean.____54Mostoftheparticlesstayintheocean.Otherscanspreadintothesoil.andair.Couldplasticintheairfallontofoodandgetintothehumanbody?Somepaststudiesmayalsogiveusaclue.55Andevensomedrinkingwaterhasbeenfoundtohavetinyplasticparticlesinit.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容從方框中選出五個句子填入文中空缺處使短文內(nèi)容通順完整。A.There,sunlightandwaves(海浪)breaktheplasticwastedowntoverysmallpieces.B.Thescientistsaresurethattheplasticmustbeharmfultohumans.C.AccordingtoUSAToday,90%ofseasaltwhichissoldintheworldincludesplastic.D.Thescientistsfollowedeighthealthyvolunteersfromdifferentpartsoftheworld.E.However,thescientistsaren'tsureiftheplasticisharmfultohumans.F.Scientistsfoundninedifferentkindsofplasticinthestoolsamples,accordingtothestudy.答案：51.____________52._________53.__________54.__________55.____________題材說明文話題環(huán)境保護(hù)（塑料污染）詞數(shù)220【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文，通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在人類大便中存在塑料顆粒，傷害了人類的身體健康。51.D根據(jù)下文Thevolunteerswrotedownwhattheyateforaweekandthenprovidedastoolsamplefortesting.可知，志愿者們寫下他們吃了一個星期，然后提供糞便樣本進(jìn)行測試。從而可推知與志愿者有關(guān)的內(nèi)容，故選D。52.F根據(jù)下文About20smallplasticparticles(IM)werefoundinevery10grams(克)ofstool.可知此處介紹的是：科學(xué)家們在糞便樣本中發(fā)現(xiàn)了不同的塑料。故選F。53.E根據(jù)下文They’renotsurehowtheplasticgotinthevolunteers'bodies,either.可知，然而，科學(xué)家們并不確定這種塑料是否對人類有害。故選E。54.A根據(jù)上文Everyyear,lotsofplasticwastegoesintotheocean.和下文Mostoftheparticlesstayintheocean.可知，在這里，陽光和海浪把塑料垃圾分解成很小的碎片。故選A。55.C根據(jù)Andevensomedrinkingwaterhasbeenfoundtohavetinyplasticparticlesinit.可知，據(jù)《今日美國》報(bào)道，世界上銷售的90%的海鹽都含有塑料。故選C。2019年臨沂市初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試試題英語第II卷(非選擇題共45分)四、(聽寫(共5小題，計(jì)5分)聽對話，根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容完成下列句子，每空詞數(shù)不限。對話讀三遍。聽對話前，你們有20秒鐘的時間閱讀下列句子。56.WhenisDavegoingtoaconcert?Heisgoingon_______________afternoon.57.Whattimedoestheconcertfinish?Itfinishesat______________.58.HowwillDaveandAlicegototheconcert?Theywillgetthere_________________.59.Howmuchisaconcertticket?Itisonly____________________dollars.60.WhatdoesDaveaskAlicetobringtotheconcert?HeasksAlicetobringa_____________totheconcert.五、詞形轉(zhuǎn)換(共8小題，計(jì)8分)用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，每空格限填一詞。61.(Ifelt_____________lyinginthesunonthebeach.(relax)61.relaxed句意：躺在沙灘上曬太陽，我感到很放松。連系動詞feel后跟形容詞作表語，主語為人，故填relaxed。62.(Thelittleboysaid,"Iamoldenoughtotakegoodcareof____________"(my)62.myself句意：小男孩說:“我已經(jīng)長大了，可以好好地照顧自己了?！眛akecareofoneself意為“照顧自己”。63.(Ourteamlostthegamebecauseweplayedvery____________(bad).63.badly句意：我們隊(duì)輸了比賽，因?yàn)槲覀兇虻煤懿?。修飾?shí)義動詞play用副詞。64.(InAmerica,95%ofpetownersthinkoftheiranimalsasfamily_____________.(member)64.members句意：在美國，95%的寵物主人認(rèn)為他們的寵物是一家人。根據(jù)句意和theiranimals可知用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。65.AteamofclimbersfromPekingUniversityreachedthetopoftheworld's______________mountain,Qomolangma,onMay15,2018.(high)65.highest句意：2018年5月15日，北京大學(xué)登山隊(duì)登上世界最高峰珠穆朗瑪峰。根據(jù)句意并結(jié)合常識可知，用形容詞最高級。66.(Scientistsaroundtheworldareworkingto_________amedicineforAIDS(艾滋病).(cover)66.discover句意：世界各地的科學(xué)家正在努力尋找治療艾滋病的藥物。cover意為“覆蓋”，discover意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)；尋找”。67.(Haveyouevercutyourfingerontheedge(邊緣)ofabookpage?Thesmallcutonyourfingerisso_____________.(pain)67.painful句意：你曾經(jīng)在書頁邊緣割破了手指嗎?你手指上的小傷口很疼。be動詞后跟形容詞作表語，并結(jié)合句意可知填painful。68.(Thereareabout6,000'languagesthatarespokenaroundtheworld,but43%ofthemaredyingout.Ifno_________istaken,someoftheselanguageswilldisappear.(act)68.action句意：世界上大約有6000種語言在使用，但其中43%正在消失。如果不采取行動，這些語言中的一些將會消失。takeaction意為“采取行動”。六、動詞應(yīng)用(共7小題，計(jì)7分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，必要時可加助動詞或情態(tài)動詞。(AbusranoffabridgeintotheYangtzeRiverinChongqingonOctober28,2018.Theaccident69(cause)byafightbetweenthedriverandapassenger,killingall15peopleonthebus.Accordingtothepolicereport,a45-year-oldfemalepassenger,surnamedLiu,arguedwiththedriver,surnamedRan.LiuwasangrybecauseRanrefused70(stop)thebusaftershemissedherstation.Shethenhitthedriver,causingtheaccident.ThevideoshowsthatLiuhitRanwithhermobilephonetwicewhileRan71(drive)thebus.Ratherthanstopinthemiddleoftheroad,.Rankeptdriving.Butinprotectinghimself,helostcontrolofthebusandatragedy(悲劇)happened. ThepolicesaidthatbothLiuandRanhadbrokencriminallawbyseriouslyendangering(危及)publicsafety.Andthepolice72(announce),"Liuhitthedriverwithherphoneandpreventedthedriverfromdrivingthebussafely.Thedriver,too,didn'tdohisbesttomakesurethathisdrivingwassafe."TheaccidentalsocausedheateddiscussionsontheInternet.Besidesfeelingterriblysorryforthetragedy,mostInternetusersblamed(指責(zé))Liu,whilesomeotherscriticizedthedriver.Moreusersweretalkingaboutwhattheyshoulddo.OneWeibousersaid,"We73(stand)upandstopsuchfightsbetweenpassengersanddrivers74(avoid)thiskindoftragedy."Anotheruseradvisedthatasafetybarrier(屏障)shouldbesetuponthebus.Itcanstoppassengersfrom75(touch)thebusdriver.題材記敘文話題社會熱點(diǎn)詞數(shù)263/story/128715.html【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了重慶一女乘客與司機(jī)激烈爭執(zhí)互毆致車輛失控，掉入江中，致15人死亡的故事，在社會上引發(fā)一片嘩然。69.caused根據(jù)上文時間狀語onOctober28,2018可知，用一般過去時。70.tostoprefusetodosth.意為“拒絕做某事”。71.wasdriving連詞while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句用進(jìn)行時，結(jié)合上下文語境可知用過去進(jìn)行時。72.announced根據(jù)上文said可知此處也用一般過去時。73.shouldstand結(jié)合上下文語境可知，我們應(yīng)該站起來，制止乘客和司機(jī)之間的這種爭吵。74.toavoid結(jié)合句意“我們應(yīng)該站起來，制止乘客和司機(jī)之間的這種沖突，以避免這種悲劇”，用動詞不定式作目的狀語。75.touching固定句式stopsb.fromdoingsth.意為“阻止某人做某事”。答案：69.__________70.___________71._________72.__________73.__________74.___________75._________七、閱讀表達(dá)(共5題，計(jì)10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，回答下列問題。(Thepopulationoftheworldcontinuestoincrease,butinsomeareasthepopulationisfalling.ThisistrueinEuropeandespeciallyinEasternEurope.InRussia,thepopulationisgoingdownbyabout100peopleEVERYHOUR!Russia'spopulationcouldfallbyONETHIRDbytheyear2050!AndinPoland(波蘭)thepopulationisalsogoingdownbecausepeopleareleavingtoworkinothercountries.Oneofthemainreasonsisachangeoflifestyle.AlloverEuropepeople,especiallyeducatedwomen,haveadifferentattitude(態(tài)度)tochildrenthantheirparents."Ihaveonechildandsheisenoughforme,"saidGalinaTereschkova,adoctorfromMoscow."MyhusbandandIbothworkfull-time.Wecan'timaginehavingmorethanonechild."Manywomendecidetohavechildrenlaterinlifeornottohavechildrenatall."Idon'twanttohaveanychildrenuntilIhaveworkedforatleast10years,"said19-year-oldstudentHanaMarkovafromPrague.Heropinionistypicalof18-24yearoldwomeneverywhereinEurope.InPoland,thepopulationisgoingdownforadifferentreason.Alotofpeople,usuallyagedbetween20and30,areleavingthecountrytoworkabroad.PolandjoinedtheEuropeanUnionin2005andsincethenmorethanhalfamillionpeoplehavemovedtoBritain,Germany,SpainandItaly.Evenso,thepopulationofthosefourcountriesandmanyothercountriesinWestEuropeisalsogoingdown.Manygovernmentsarenowencouragingpeopletohavelargerfamilies.InFrance,womennowreceivenearly$1,000amonthforayeariftheyhaveathirdchild.Austrianwomenreceive$700amonthforthreeyearswhentheyhavetheirfirstchild.76.Whereintheworldisthepopulationgettingsmaller?___________________________________________________________________77.HowmanychildrendoesGalinaTereschkovawanttohave?___________________________________________________________________78.WhatdoesHanaMarkovawanttodobeforeshehaschildren?___________________________________________________________________79.WhyisthepopulationinPolandgoingdown?___________________________________________________________________80.HowdoestheFrenchgovernmentencouragepeopletohavelargerfamiliesnow?___________________________________________________________________題材說明文話題人口詞數(shù)294【主旨大意】本文介紹了盡管世界人口在增長，但在一些國家里，尤其一些歐洲一些國家，特別在俄羅斯、英國、德國、西班牙和意大利等國家里，隨著生育觀和生活方式的變化，人口在減少