廣東省佛山市高三下學(xué)期英語5月仿真題試卷含答案解析

高三下學(xué)期英語

5

月仿真題試卷一、閱讀理解(共

15

小題；每題

2.

5

分，總分值

37.

5

分)1.閱讀理解Everyyearacommunityinsomepartoftheworldisdestroyedbyflooding.Indeed,floodingcanhappenanywhereitrains.Thereishope,however.Architectsandcivilengineershavedevelopedpromisingtechnologiesforfloodcontrol.Andyes,engineeringcanbe

beautiful.TheThamesBarrierin

EnglandTheThamesBarrieristhesecondlargestflooddefencebarrierintheworld.Madeofsteel,watergatesontheThamesBarrierarenormallyleftopensoshipscanpassthrough.Then,asneeded,thewatergatesshuttostopwaterflowingthroughandtokeeptheThamesRiversafe.TheThamesBarrierhas10steelgates.Themaingatesstandashighasa5-storeybuilding.Eachmaingateweighs3,300tonnes.TheThamesBarriergateswereconstructedbetween1974and1984andhavebeenclosedtopreventfloodsmorethan100

times.RedSluiceGatein

JapanToprotectareasonthecoastandalongJapan'srapidly-flowingrivers,thenation'sengineers

havedevelopedacomplexsystemofcanalsandflood-gatelocks(水閘).RedSluiceGatewasdesignedin1924byaJapanesearchitectwhoalsoworkedonthePanamaCanal.Itispoweredbyautomated"water-drive"motors.Suchmotorsdon'tneedelectricitytorun,sotheyaren'taffectedbypowerfailuresthatcanoccurduringstorms.Itcontributedgreatlytopreventingfloodsuntil1982whenanewsluicegatewascompleted.TheRedSluiceGatewasnolongerusedbutremainsanimpressive

sight.TheHagesteinWeirinthe

NetherlandsCompletedinabout1960,theHagesteinWeirisoneofthreemovabledams,alongtheRhineRiverintheNetherlands.TheHagesteinWeirhastwoenormousarchedgatestocontrolwaterandgenerate

power.Spanning54meters,thegatesarestoredintheupposition.DamsandwaterbarrierslikeHagesteinWeirhavebecomemodelsforwatercontrolengineersaroundthe

world.MOSEin

VeniceWithitsfamouscanals,Venice,Italyisawell-knownwaterycity.Globalwarmingthreatensitsveryexistence.Sincethe1980s,officialshavebeenpouringmoneyintotheMOSEproject,aseriesof78barriersthatcanrisecollectivelyorindependentlyacrossthelagoonopeningandcurtailtherisingwatersoftheAdriatic

Sea.〔1〕What

dowe

know

about

the

Thames

Barrier?A.ItisthelargestwaterbarrierintheworldB.Itswatergatesareopenatanormaltime.C.Ittookmorethan10yearsto

construct.D.Itstenwatergatesweigh3,300

tonnes.〔2〕What

is

aspecial

feature

of

Red

Sluice

Gatein

Japan?A.Itisstillin

operation.Itstillworkswithpower

cut.Itisthemostimpressive

sight.ItwasdesignedbyanarchitectfromPanama.〔3〕What

isthe

common

function

of

the

4

constructions?A.Toproduce

electricity.Toadvance

technology.Topromote

tourism.Tocontrol

flood.2.閱讀理解Norwood,ajuniorHighSchoolstudent,wasdrivingthreefriendshomeinSt.Petersburg,when

anotherdrivercrashedintoherfromherleftandmadehercarhitthetree.Theimpactjammedshutthedriver'ssidedoor,soNorwoodclimbedoutthefrontwindow.Twoofherfriendsmanagedtogetoutofthecarunharmed,buther16-year-oldfriendZarriadidn't.SherunbacktothecaronlytofindZarriawasjustsitting

therereactionless.Alotofpeoplestartedtogatheraroundtoseewhatwashappening.Norwoodstartedyelling,"Backup,backup,sheneedsspace."NorwoodpulledZarriaoutofthebackseat,avoidingbrokenglassfromthewindow."That'swhenIcheckedherpulseonherneck.Iputmyheadagainstherchest,andIdidn'treallyhearnothing.Sothat'swhenIjuststarteddoingCPRonher."Norwoodtoldthereporter.Afterthe30compressionsandtworescuebreaths,Zarriaregainedconsciousness.Ambulancequicklyarrivedandrushedhertothehospitaltoreceivemedical

help.WhenMiller,Norwood'shighschoolteacher,learnedthatNorwoodsavedafriendjustonedayaftercompletingCPRtraining,shewasatalossofwordsandsoproud.Norwoodparticipatesintheschool'sAthleticLifestyleManagementAcademy(ALMA).Theprogrampreparesstudentsforvariouscareersinhealthscience."Wedovitalsignsandtheylearnhowtotakebloodpressureandcheckpulse."Millerintroduced.AndanotheroneoftheskillslearnedisCPR."Therearetwocomponents,ahands-onskillscomponentwheretheyhavetodemonstratethatthey'reabletodoCPRwell,andthenthere'sawrittentestcomponent,showingthattheyrememberthatknowledge."ThankstoNorwood'squickthinking,Zarriaisrecoveringwell.Shealsoisn'tsurprisedbyherfriend'sactions."Shewillalwayshelpanywayshecan,soIwasn'treallyshockedaboutthat."〔1〕What

happened

toNorwood

and

herfriends

ontheir

wayhome?Theylosttheirway.Theysufferedacar

accident.Theycrashedintoanother

car.Theywerestuckinatraffic

jam.〔2〕What

did

Norwood

do

firstwhen

finding

Zarriareactionless?A.Togiveherfirst

aid.Toaskpeoplefor

help.Tocallambulanceatonce.Tosendhertohospital

immediately.〔3〕Whatcan

weinfer

about

the

ALMA?A.Itnormallylastsforone

day.Itisformedicalstudentsonly.Itfocusesonboththeoryand

practice.Ittrainsstudentstoliveahealthy

lifestyle.〔4〕Whichof

the

followingcanbestdescribe

Norwood?A.Considerateand

flexible.B.Kindandambitious.C.Hardworkingand

clever.D.Braveand

calm.3.閱讀理解Masksthathelpedsavelivesduringthecoronaviruspandemicareprovingadeadlythreatfor

wildlife.Macaques

(獼猴)

have

beenspotted

chewing

the

strapsoff

old

and

tossed-aside

masksinthe

hills

outsideMalaysia'scapitalKualaLumpur—apotentialchokingthreatforthediminutivemonkeys.Andinanincidentthatcaptured

headlines

in

Britain,

a

gull

(海鷗)

wasrescued

bythe

RSPCA

in

the

city

of

Chelmsford

after

its

legsbecame

tangled

(纏繞)

in

the

strapsofadisposable(一次性的)mask

for

up

to

a

week.

Theanimal

welfarecharitywasalertedafterthebirdwasspotted,motionlessbutstillalive,andtheytookittoawildlifehospitalfortreatmentbeforeits

release.The

biggest

impact

maybe

in

thewater,with

green

groupsalarmed

at

the

flood

of

used

masks,

latex(乳膠)glovesandotherprotectivegearfindingtheirwayintoalreadypollutedseasandrivers.ConservationistsinBrazilfoundoneinsidethestomachofapenguinafteritsbodywasheduponabeach,whileadeadpufferfishwasdiscoveredcaughtinsideanotheroffthecoastof

Miami.FrenchcampaignersOperationMerProprefoundadeadcrabtrappedinamaskinasaltwaterlagoonneartheMediterraneanin

September.Masksandglovesare"particularlyproblematic"forseacreatures,saysGeorgeLeonard,chiefscientist

fromUS-basedNGOOceanConservancy."Whenthoseplasticsbreakdownintheenvironment,theyformsmallerandsmallerparticles.Thoseparticlesthenenterthefoodchainandimpactentireecosystems,"he

added.Therehasbeenashifttowardsgreateruseofreusableclothmasks,butmanyarestillchoosingthelightersingle-usevarieties.Campaignershaveurgedpeopletothrowthemawayproperlyandcutthestrapstoreducetheriskofanimalsbecomingtrapped.OceansAsiahasalsocalledongovernmentstoincreasefinesforlitteringandencouragetheuseofwashable

masks.〔1〕Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Seriousincidentsofwildlifehunting.B.Scientificresearchintowildlifelivinghabits.C.Howwildlifeisaffectedbydisposable

masks.D.Howhumanbeingsprotectendangered

wildlife.〔2〕How

do

masks

endangersea

animals?A.Seaanimalsmaygettwistedby

masks.Seaanimalscan'tfindtheirway

home.Seaanimalshavedifficultiesinfinding

food.Seaanimalsareforcedtoleavetheir

habitats.〔3〕Whatissuggestedin

thelast

paragraph?A.Puttingbansonsingle-use

masks.B.Gettingridofusedmasksproperly.C.Givingmaskproducersheavyfines.D.Reducingtheriskofwashable

masks.〔4〕Whichsectionsof

the

newspaper

can

thispassagebe

found?A.Business.B.Education.C.Lifestyle.D.Environment.4.閱讀理解In1973,MarkGranovetter,asociologyprofessoratStanfordUniversity,publishedapaperentitledTheStrengthofWeakTies.Itwentontobecomeoneofthemostinfluentialsociologypapersofalltime.Untilthenscholarshadassumedthatanindividual'swell-beingdependedmainlyonthequalityofrelationshipswithclosefriendsandfamily.Granovettershowedthatquantitymatters,too.Hecategoriesaperson'ssocialworldas"strongties"and"weakties".Hiscentralinsightwasthatfornewmessagesandideas,weaktiesare

moreimportanttousthanstrongones.AsGranovetterpointedout,thepeoplewhomweoftentalktoswimin

thesamepoolofinformationaswedo.Wedependonacquaintanceswhomweseeinfrequentlytobringusnews

ofopportunities.ThiswastheideabehindthePixarbuilding,thedesignofwhichwasmadebySteveJobs.Thebuildinghasalargecentralhallthroughwhichallemployeeshavetopassseveraltimesaday.Jobswantedcolleaguestorunintoeachother,grabcoffeeandhaveachat.Hebelievedinthepoweroftheseseeminglyrandomconversationstofireup

creativity.Encounterswithweaktiescanbegoodforourmentalwellbeing,too.GillianSandstrom,aseniorlecturerinpsychologyattheUniversityofEssex,investigatedtheextenttowhichpeoplegethappinessfrom

weak-tierelationships.Shefoundthatondayswhenaparticipanthadagreaternumberofcasualinteractionswithweakties–say,aneighbour,amemberofyogaclass–theyexperiencedmorehappinessandagreatersenseofbelonging.Forallthesereasons,weshouldcontinuetotryandfindwaystocultivateweak-tie

relationships.Sandstromaddsthatwecanalsoengageinmoreweak-tie-styleinteractionswithourstrongties.Thegoalistoletothersknowyouarethinkingofthemwithoutaskingforagreatdealoftime,energyor

attention.〔1〕Whydoes

Granovetter

think

weaktiesaremoreimportant?A.Theyaresmallerinnumber.Theyformsamecircleof

friends.Theyaresourcesofnew

information.Theyarerelatedtoclosefriendsand

family.〔2〕Whichof

the

followingcanbecategorized

as

weakties?A.Neighbors.B.Best

friends.C.Parents.D.Husbandor

wife.〔3〕What

isthe

function

of

the

centralhall

in

Pixar

building?A.Ithelpsstaffbuild

friendship.Itallowsstafftohavea

break.Itencouragesstafftomeetand

chat.IthelpsJobscommunicatewith

staff.〔4〕What

does

Sandstrom

want

toconveyin

the

last

paragraph?A.Wecandevelopweaktiesintostrong

ties.Weshouldspendmoretimewithstrong

ties.Weshouldbalanceweaktieswithstrong

ties.Wecanapplycasualinteractionstostrong

ties.二、任務(wù)型閱讀(共

5

小題；每題

2.5

分，總分值

12.5

分)5.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最正確選。有兩項(xiàng)為多余選。I'm

terrible

at

giving

myself

grace.

I'm

a

perfectionist,

and

I

have

unrealistic

expectations

for

myself

at

times.IcanremembersimpleerrorsImade.Sooften,weletperfectiondominateourliveswithoutevenrealizing

it.

AndIhopeyou'llconsiderdoingthat,too.Realizethatbeingburntoutdoesn'tmeanthatyou'renotgoodatwhatyoudo.Iwanttodomybestineverything.Thetroublestartswhenwe

overwork

ourselves.

That's

OK.Takingabreak.Mostofall,Ihopeyouprioritizeyourmentalhealth.Takecareofyourself.Begentlewithyourself.Nooneisaskingyoutobeperfect.We'reallmessyhumanswithstrengthsandweaknesses.Embraceyours,evenwhenitisn'tperfect.Whenyoumakemistakes,takeresponsibilityandlearnfromthem.Rememberthatthisisn'tthefirstorthelastmistakethatyou'vemade.Giveintograce.Somethingmightbeahugeissueforme,otherpeopleprobablywon'tnoticeor

care.Writeitonyourheartthatwhateveryoudotodayisenough.Itiseasytoemphasizewhatwe'veyetto

doinsteadofwhatwe'vealreadydone.Yes,thereisalwaysroomforgrowth

and

improvement.

Maybeyoumadeyourbed.Maybeyoumadeittoworkontime.Thosethingsmightnotseembig,butthey'restillvictories.

Ifyoumesseduptoday,youcantryagaintomorrow.Ifyousucceededtoday,youcantryagaintomorrow.Youhavetokeepmovingonintotherestofyourstoryoryou'llmissthetraintobiggerthingsthanthis.Startinyourworryoryourfearoryourjoy.Startwhereveryouareandkeepgoing.Startwith

grace.Yourstoryisn'tfinishedjust

yet.Thatismeantmuchofourstruggleis

internal.ThenI'verealizedIneedalittlebitmore

rest.Youaresupposedtoaimhighandworkfor

it.Butthereisroomtocelebratethelittle

victories.I'vedecidedtochangethatandgivemyselfgrace.Rememberthatyoucanbeperfectthroughyourefforts.三、完形填空

〔共

15

小題；每題

1

分，總分值

15

分〕6.閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)〔A、B、C

和

D〕中，選出可以填入空白處的最正確選。Aftergettingmarried,Imovedtoanabsolutely

new

town.

1 asIwastobeinanewcity,

withvariousnewthingstoexplore,Iwasstilllonely.Iwasdesperatetomakefriends

and

establish

2 .Thiscouldexplainmyenthusiastic"Countme

in!"

when

3 toparticipateinahalf

marathon.Reflectingonmyusual3miles,Imust

have

been

4 —ahalfmarathon,13milesseemeda(n)5 task.Aftertheinitialshockworeoff,Ifoundcomfortinburying

myself

in 6 .Itookitslow,one

mile,andthentwo,three,fourandfivemiles.SevenstraightmilesfeltliketoclimbEverestinmyeyes,andsoonIbecameused

tothat

7 .Mileaftermile,Imanagedtostepbesidemyrunningpartners.Wetalkedaboutourfavorite

music

and

8 funnystoriesaboutourchildren.Ataboutmile10,

the

conversations

9 .We

sharedourpastandhopesforourfuture,ourfearsanddisappointments.Bythetimewewererunning12-milelegs,Iknowthat

I'd

made 10 friends. 11 ,thedayoftheracearrived.Atthestartline,armedwithmyfriends,Ialreadyfeltlikeachampion.Mytime

traininghad

12 .Imanagedtoholdasteadypaceandkeptupwith

my

13 .Legsshakingandkneesbuckling,wecrossedthefinishline

together.Ihaveparticipatedinmultipleracessince.Althoughrunningstarted

asa 14 ofbuilding

socialties,itnotonlyprovidedmewithfriendships,butwithaskillthatwouldbenefitmetherestofmylife.Thoughthefirstpairofshoesislongforgotten,runningwill

neverbe

15 .1.A.

RelaxedB.

ExcitedC.

EmbarrassedD.

Confused2.A.

reputationB.

identityC.

connectionsD.

routines3.A.

allowedB.

askedC.

remindedD.

required4.A.

gratefulB.

confidentC.

awkwardD.

crazy5.A.

impossibleB.

urgentC.

rewardingD.

pleasant6.A.

socializingB.

studyingC.

trainingD.

sharing7.A.

highB.

climateC.

viewD.

race8.A.listened

toB.made

upC.

spreadD.

exchanged9.A.

stoppedB.

deepenedC.

returnedD.

concluded10.A.

newB.

moreC.

lifelongD.

demanding11.A.

UnfortunatelyB.

ObviouslyC.

NaturallyD.

Finally12.A.

failedB.

continuedC.paid

offD.caught

on13.A.

companionsB.

opponentsC.

coachesD.

judges14.A.

seriesB.

meansC.habitD.

tradition15.A.

chosenB.

forbiddenC.

spreadD.

replaced四、語法填空〔共

10

小題；每題

1.5

分，總分

15

分〕7.閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入

1

個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。PaulGrishamreturnedhomefromhis13-monthassignmentinAntarctica

in1968,

hiswalletdidn't.Grisham,91,joinedtheNavyin1948asaweathertechnicianbeforebeingshippedtothefrozencontinent

(work)asa

meteorologist.Afterfivedecades,Grishamwasreunitedwithhiswallet—whichheforgotallabout.Inside

thewallet

(be)Grisham'snavyID,drivinglicense,arecipe,ataxwithholdingstatement,andreceiptsformoneyorderssenttohiswife.Hewas

surprised

by

younghelookedathisoldIDcardthatwasputinside."It

brought

back

(memory).Ohyeah,Ihaddarkbrownhairatthattime,"the

91-year-oldsaid

a

laugh.Therecovered

wallet

(find)byStephen.Stephensawthewalletinashopandboughtit.WiththehelpofMcKee'sorganization,

he

saw

onlineposttohelpfind

theowner.

(lucky),Grishamandhiswalletweretogetheragain.GrishamsaidthathistimeinAntarctica

was

"

(usual)andmemorable."Thetemperatureinthewintermonthswoulddropaslowas-65

degrees.五、寫作

〔共兩節(jié)，總分值

40

分〕假設(shè)你是李華，你校留學(xué)生

Jack

方案回國，他想給媽媽送一份有中國特色的禮物，請(qǐng)給他一封郵件，向他推薦禮物，內(nèi)容包括：1〕推薦的禮物；2〕推薦原因；3〕表達(dá)祝愿。注意：1〕寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為

80

左右；2〕請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。閱讀下面材料,

根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,

使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150

左右。Ifyouaskmewhetheryoushouldsayyestowalkyourneighbor'sdog,myanswerwouldbeadefinite"Yes",

aslongyoudoonethingIdidn'tdowhenIhelpedoutwithmyneighbor'sdog.Here'swhatImeant.Youdon'tneedtoaskyourneighborlotsofquestionsaboutthatparticulardog,butjustbepatienttoaskoneveryimportantquestion.Hereis

why.Mrs.GonzalesandheradorabledogRascal,liveattheendofmystreet.MyfriendOllieandIhaveplayedwithRascalsincehewasapuppy,sowhenMrs.Gonzalesaskedifwe'dliketotakehimtotheparkonceinawhile,wecan'twaittosays,"Whencanwestart?""HowaboutthisSaturdayat3:00?"she

suggested.WhenSaturdayrolledaround,OllieandIweretheretopickupRascalat3:00ontime."Rascalwillbeso

happytoplayintheparkwithyou!"Mrs.Gonzalessaid."IfI'mstilloutgroceryshoppingwhenyoureturn,justletyourselvesinwiththissparekey.I'llbehomealittlewhile

later.""Also,whydoyouthinkInamedhimRascal?Ifthere'strouble,suchaspuddles,thisguyisguaranteedtofind

it.Andalsothecommandsthatyoushould"WhenwerealizedthatMrs.Gonzaleshadlotsof"alsos",weinterruptedherandranawayintheblinkofan

eye.Notlongafterwearrivedatthepark,Rascalfoundagiantpuddleandjumpedintoitandrolledarounduntileverysquareinchofhisfurrybodywasdrippingwithmud."Ugh!sillypuppy,you'rethemuddiestdogintheuniverses!"Isaid.Olliesaidweshouldtakehimbackhomesohecangetwashedup.ButwhenwegottoMrs.Gonzales'shouse,shedidn'tanswerthedoorbell."Shemuststillbeoutgroceryshopping,"Isaid."Howaboutweusethegardentubetocleanhim?"Olliesuggested."Goodidea!"I

said,puttingMrs.Gonzales'skeyintothelock."I'llgoinsideandgetatoweltodryhimoff."Paragraph

1:ButthesecondIopenedthedoor,Rascalracedinsidethehouse.Paragraph

2:Mrs.Gonzalescameinwithher

groceries.答案解析局部一、閱讀理解(共

15

小題；每題

2.

5

分，總分值

37.

5

分)【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了幾種控制洪水的工程?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】此題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。1.(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)

The

Thames

Barrier

in

England

局部中的“Made

of

steel,

water

gates

onthe

ThamesBarrierare

normally

left

open

so

shipscan

pass

through.

〞泰晤士河堰的水閘是鋼制的，通常是敞開的，以便船只通過?？芍?/p>

Thames

Barrier

的水閘是開著的。應(yīng)選B。1.(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)

Red

SluiceGate

in

Japan

局部中的“Such

motorsdon't

need

electricity

to

run,

so

theyaren'taffectedby

powerfailures

thatcanoccur

duringstorms.

〞這種發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)不需要電力就能運(yùn)行，所以它們不會(huì)受到風(fēng)暴期間可能發(fā)生的電力故障的影響?？芍琑ed

Sluice

Gate

即使停電也能工作。應(yīng)選

B。1.(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段“Everyyear

a

community

in

some

part

of

theworld

is

destroyed

by

flooding.Indeed,floodingcanhappenanywhereitrains.Thereishope,however.Architectsandcivilengineershavedeveloped

promisingtechnologies

for

flood

control.

And

yes,

engineering

can

be

beautiful.

〞每年世界上都會(huì)有一個(gè)社區(qū)被洪水摧毀。事實(shí)上，任何下雨的地方都可能發(fā)生洪水。然而，希望還是有的。建筑師和土木工程師已經(jīng)開發(fā)出了很有前途的防洪技術(shù)。是的，工程也可以很美?？芍?，下文四種建筑物都是關(guān)于控制洪水的。應(yīng)選

D。【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了高中生諾伍德載著三個(gè)朋友回家，發(fā)生了車禍，她和另兩個(gè)朋友毫發(fā)無損，而扎里婭由于撞擊暈了過去，諾伍德用運(yùn)動(dòng)生活方式管理學(xué)院剛剛學(xué)到的知識(shí)對(duì)扎里婭進(jìn)行了急救，救護(hù)車很快趕到，扎里婭立即被送往醫(yī)院。之后扎里婭向諾伍德表達(dá)了她真誠的感謝之情。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】此題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。2.(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Norwood,

a

junior

High

School

student,was

driving

threefriendshomeinSt.

Petersburg,when

another

driver

crashed

into

her

from

her

leftand

madeher

car

hitthetree.

〞諾伍德是一名高中生，在圣彼得堡開車送三個(gè)朋友回家時(shí)，另一名司機(jī)從她的左側(cè)撞上了她，使她的車撞到了樹上?？芍?，諾伍德和她的朋友在回家的路上，她們出了車禍。應(yīng)選

B。2.(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“‘So

that'swhen

I

just

started

doingCPRon

her.

’

Norwood

told

thereporter.After

the30compressionsandtwo

rescue

breaths,

Zarria

regained

consciousness.〞諾伍德告訴記者：“所以我才開始給她做心肺復(fù)蘇術(shù)。〞。經(jīng)過

30

次按壓和兩次搶救性呼吸后，扎里亞恢復(fù)了意識(shí)。可知，當(dāng)扎里亞沒有反響〔失去意識(shí)〕時(shí)，她對(duì)扎里婭進(jìn)行了急救，然后扎里亞恢復(fù)了意識(shí)。應(yīng)選

A。2.(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“There

aretwo

components,

a

hands-on

skillscomponentwheretheyhavetodemonstratethatthey'reabletodoCPRwell,andthenthere'sawrittentestcomponent,showingthatthey

remember

that

knowledge.

〞有兩個(gè)局部，一個(gè)是實(shí)踐技能局部，他們必須證明自己能夠做好心肺復(fù)蘇術(shù)，還有一個(gè)是筆試局部，說明他們記住了這些知識(shí)。可知，ALMA

工程由實(shí)踐技能局部和筆試局部組成，可得出

ALMA

理論與實(shí)踐并重。應(yīng)選

C。2.(4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“‘So

that'swhen

I

just

started

doingCPR

onher.

’

Norwood

told

thereporter.After

the30compressionsandtwo

rescue

breaths,

Zarria

regained

consciousness.

〞諾伍德告訴記者：“所以我才開始給她做心肺復(fù)蘇術(shù)。〞。經(jīng)過

30

次按壓和兩次搶救性呼吸后，扎里亞恢復(fù)了意識(shí)；以及最后一段中的“Thanksto

Norwood'squick

thinking,

Zarriais

recovering

well.〞多虧諾伍德思維敏捷，扎里婭恢復(fù)得很好?？芍?，當(dāng)扎里亞沒有反響〔失去意識(shí)〕時(shí)，諾伍德思維敏捷，沒有慌張，作為學(xué)生的她對(duì)扎里婭進(jìn)行了急救，說明她很冷靜、勇敢。應(yīng)選

D?！窘馕觥俊痉治觥勘疚氖且黄f明文，介紹了在新冠肺炎大流行時(shí)期幫助人們挽救生命的口罩對(duì)野生動(dòng)物來說有致命的威脅。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】此題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷和段落大意兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，考生需要根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案?！窘馕觥俊痉治觥勘疚氖且黄f明文，介紹了

1973

年，斯坦福大學(xué)社會(huì)學(xué)教授

Mark

Granovetter

發(fā)表了一篇名為?弱關(guān)系的強(qiáng)度?的論文。它后來成為有史以來最具影響力的社會(huì)學(xué)論文之一。在此之前，學(xué)者們一直認(rèn)為，個(gè)人的幸福主要取決于與親密朋友和家人的關(guān)系質(zhì)量。格蘭諾維特指出，數(shù)量也很重要?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】此題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。4.(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“His

central

insight

was

that

for

new

messages

andideas,weaktiesaremoreimportantto

us

thanstrong

ones.

〞他的核心觀點(diǎn)是，對(duì)于新的信息和思想，弱關(guān)系比強(qiáng)關(guān)系對(duì)我們更重要；以及“We

depend

on

acquaintances

whom

wesee

infrequentlytobringus

newsof

opportunities.

〞我們依靠不常見面的熟人給我們帶來機(jī)遇的消息?？芍?，格蘭諾維特認(rèn)為對(duì)于新的信息和思想，弱關(guān)系比強(qiáng)關(guān)系對(duì)我們更重要，他舉例經(jīng)常交談的人同在一個(gè)信息池中，而不常見面的熟人才會(huì)給我們帶來機(jī)遇的消息。應(yīng)選

C。4.(2)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“She

found

thaton

dayswhen

a

participant

had

a

greater

numberofcasualinteractionswithweakties–say,aneighbour,amemberofyogaclass–theyexperiencedmorehappinessanda

greater

sense

of

belonging.

〞當(dāng)參與者與弱關(guān)系比方鄰居、瑜伽班的成員有更多的隨意互動(dòng)時(shí)，他們會(huì)體驗(yàn)到更多的快樂和更強(qiáng)的歸屬感?？芍従訉儆谌蹶P(guān)系。應(yīng)選

A。4.(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“The

buildinghasa

large

central

hall

through

which

all

employees

havetopassseveraltimes

aday.

Jobswanted

colleagues

to

runintoeach

other,

grab

coffee

and

have

a

chat.〞大樓有一個(gè)很大的中央大廳，所有員工每天都要經(jīng)過幾次。喬布斯希望同事們能偶遇，

喝杯咖啡，聊聊天?？芍醒氪髲d的功能就是供人們相見、喝咖啡和聊天。應(yīng)選

C。4.(4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“For

all

these

reasons,

we

should

continueto

try

andfind

ways

tocultivateweak-tierelationships.Sandstromaddsthatwecanalsoe