高中英語必修四第一單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)講義及習(xí)題

必修4UNIT1Unit1achievementn.成就；功績;實(shí)現(xiàn)achievev.實(shí)現(xiàn)（dream,goal等）welfaren.福利；福利事業(yè)projectn.項(xiàng)目；工程；規(guī)劃instituten.學(xué)會(huì)；學(xué)院；協(xié)會(huì)△ChinaWelfareInstitute中國福利基金會(huì)specialistn.專家；專業(yè)工作者ist為后綴的意思是：從事.......的人scientist;novelist;violinist;pianist;psychologist等specializevi.專攻；專門從事；專注于和in連用Many

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speaking,

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reading.chimpn.（非洲）黑猩猩connectionn.連接；關(guān)系humanbeing人類此單詞不要覺得奇怪，就是指人類的意思，也可以human單獨(dú)用，也可以being單獨(dú)用，單復(fù)數(shù)不需要知道campaignn.運(yùn)動(dòng)；戰(zhàn)役vi.作戰(zhàn)；參加運(yùn)動(dòng)war“戰(zhàn)爭”的總稱，一般包括多個(gè)戰(zhàn)役的大規(guī)模戰(zhàn)爭。battle“戰(zhàn)斗”，指有組織的武裝部隊(duì)之間的戰(zhàn)斗，有持續(xù)幾小時(shí)的，也有持續(xù)幾天的。campaign“戰(zhàn)役”，指在某一地區(qū)所進(jìn)行的一連串有固定目的的軍事行動(dòng)，規(guī)模比battle大，比如淮海戰(zhàn)役；還用來表“政治或商業(yè)性的活動(dòng)、競選活動(dòng)，比如五四運(yùn)動(dòng)等。organizationn.組織；機(jī)構(gòu)；團(tuán)體behavevt.&vi.舉動(dòng)；（舉止或行為）表現(xiàn)behaviour(=behavior)行為；舉止；習(xí)性shaden.蔭；陰涼處vt.遮住光線moveoff離開；起程；出發(fā)相近意思的有：startoff;setoffGil

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off.worthwhileadj.值得的；值得做的nestn.巢；窩bondn.聯(lián)系；關(guān)系；結(jié)合；紐帶observevt.觀察；觀測；遵守此單詞很多同學(xué)都只記得住一個(gè)意思：觀察。但高考也經(jīng)?？剂硗庖粋€(gè)意思：遵守，經(jīng)常會(huì)忘記。Anyonewhocomesheremustobservetherules.Weshouldobservethelocalcustoms.observationn.觀察；觀測childhoodn.童年；幼年時(shí)代outspokenadj.直言的；坦誠respectvt.&n.尊敬；尊重；敬意arguevt.&vi.討論；辯論；爭論argumentn.爭論；爭辯；爭吵entertainmentn.款待；娛樂；娛樂表演(此單詞好多學(xué)生老是知道意思也不會(huì)翻譯）Youhaveyourwork,yourentertainmentandyourfriends.Televisionhasresplacedfilmasourcountry'smostpopularformofentertainment.leada…life過著……的生活crowdn.人群；觀眾vt.擠滿；使擁擠crowdin（想法、問題等）涌上心頭；涌入腦海inspirevt.鼓舞；激發(fā)；啟示inspiring鼓舞人心的，令人鼓舞的△inspirationn.靈感；鼓舞supportn.&vt.支持；擁護(hù)lookdownupon/on蔑視；瞧不起refervi.談到；查閱；參考referto查閱；參考；談到此句型高考經(jīng)?？?，但是要準(zhǔn)確翻譯其意思確實(shí)要多注意audiencen.觀眾；聽眾；讀者bychance碰巧；湊巧byaccidentcomeacross（偶然）遇見；碰見IcameacrossmyfriendswhenIwasshopping.careern.事業(yè)；生涯Job泛指工作，Career是指事業(yè)，這是值得個(gè)人投注一生心力，，作為一個(gè)老師，我的Career就是教師，而他的Job是由學(xué)校來提供的，他可以在不同的學(xué)校教書。Profession所指的職業(yè)是需要在文科或理科方面有一定的教育程度，具備一定理論水平的人才的職業(yè)。通常指腦力勞動(dòng)raten.比率；速度sicknessn.疾??；惡心intendvt.計(jì)劃；打算intendtodosth.beintendedtodoemergencyn.突發(fā)事件；緊急情況generationn.一代；一輩generationgap：代溝gap：縫隙，缺口，溝壑△determinationn.決心；果斷kindnessn.仁慈；好意considerateadj.考慮周到的considerationn.考慮；體諒delivervt.遞送；生（小孩兒）；接生；發(fā)表（演說等）carryon繼續(xù)；堅(jiān)持carryout=perform執(zhí)行，履行Thegroupofsoldierscarriedoutasecretmilitaryactiontheotherday．30.A.school B.museum C.clinic D.lab31.A.busy B.wealthy C.greedy D.lucky32.A.helped B.found C.troubled D.imagined33.A.harmful B.tired C.broken D.weak34.A.putaway B.takenover C.turnedin D.appliedfor35.A.punished B.refused C.blamed D.fired36.A.display B.change C.preview D.complete37.A.leave B.charge C.test D.cure38.A.sell B.donate C.issue D.show39.A.continued B.promised C.pretended D.dreamed40.A.birth B.death C.wedding D.graduation高考真題（適合AB班）Abouttwentyofushadbeenfortunateenoughtoreceiveinvitationstoafilm-studio（影棚）totakepartinacrowd-scene.Althoughour"act"wouldlastonlyforashorttime,wecouldseequiteanumberofinterestingthings.Weallstoodatthefarendofthestudioasworkmenpreparedthescene,settinguptreesattheedgeofawindingpath.Verysoon,brightlightswereturnedonandthebigmovie-camerawaswheeledintoposition.Thedirectorshoutedsomethingtothecameraoperatorandthenwenttospeaktothetwofamousactorsnearby.Sinceitwashotinthestudio,itcameasasurprisetoustoseeoneoftheactorsputonaheavyovercoatandstartwalkingalongthepath.Abigfanbeganblowingtinywhitefeathersdownonhim,andsoonthetreeswerecoveredin"snow".Twomorefanswereturnedon,anda"strongwind"blewthroughthetrees.Thepicturelookedsorealthatitmadeusfeelcold.Thenextscenewasacompletecontrast(對(duì)比).Thewayitwasfilmedwasquiteunusual.PicturestakenonanislandinthePacificwereshownonaglassscreen.Anactorandactressstoodinfrontofthescenesothattheylookedasiftheywereatthewater'sedgeonanisland.Byasimpletricklikethis,palmtrees,sandybeaches,andblue,clearskieshadbeenbroughtintothestudio!Sinceitwasourturnnext,wewereleftwonderingwhatscenewouldbepreparedforus.Forafullthreeminutesinourliveswewouldbeexperiencingtheexcitementofbeingfilm”Stars”!64.Whoistheauthor?A.Acameraman.B.Afilmdirector.C.Acrowd-sceneactorD.Aworkmanforscenesetting65.Whatmadetheauthorfeelcold?A.Theheavysnowfall.B.Theman-madescene.C.Thelowtemperature.D.Thefilmbeingshown.66.Whatwouldhappeninthe"threeminutes"mentioned,inthelastparagraph?A.Anewscenewouldbefilmed.B.Morestarswouldactinthefilm.C.Theauthorwouldleavethestudio.D.Thenextscenewouldbeprepared.高考英語（適合AB班做）ThepacificislandnationofNauruusedtobeabeautifulplace.Nowitisanecologicaldisasterarea.Nauru’sheartbreakingstorycouldhaveonegoodconsequence—othercountriesmightlearnfromitsmistakes.Forthousandsofyears,PolynesianpeoplelivedontheremoteislandofNauru,farfromwesterncivilization.ThefirstEuropeantoarrivewasJohnFearnin1798.HewastheBritishcaptainoftheHunter,awhalingship.HecalledtheislandPleasantIsland.However,becauseitwasveryremote,NauruhadlittlecommunicationwithEuropeansatfirst.Thenwhalingshipsandothertradersbegantovisit,bringinggunsandalcohol.Theseelementsdestroyedthesocialbalanceofthetwelvefamilygroupsontheisland.Aten-yearcivilwarstarted,whichreducedthepopulationfrom1,400to900.Nauru’srealtroublesbeganin1899whenaBritishminingcompanydiscoveredphosphate(磷酸鹽)ontheisland.Infact,itfoundthattheislandofNauruwasnearlyallphosphate,whichisaveryimportantfertilizerforfarming.Thecompanybeganminingthephosphate.Aphosphatemineisnotaholeintheground;itisastripmine.Whenacompanystrip-mines,itremovesthetoplayerofsoil.Thenittakesawaythematerialitwants.Strip-miningtotallydestroystheland.Gradually,thelovelyislandofNaurustartedtolooklikethemoon.In1968,Naurubecameoneoftherichestcountriesintheworld.Everyyearthegovernmentreceivedmillionsofdollarsforitsphosphate.Unfortunately,theleadersinvestedthemoneyunwiselyandlostmillionsofdollars.Inaddition,theyusedmillionsmoredollarsforpersonalexpenses.Soonpeoplerealizedthattheyhadaterribleproblem—theirphosphatewasrunningout.Ninetypercentoftheirislandwasdestroyedandtheyhadnothing.By2000,Nauruwasalmostfinanciallyruined.Expertssaythatitwouldtakeapproximately＄433,600,000andmorethan20yearstorepairtheisland.Thiswillprobablyneverhappen.56.Whatmightbetheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.ToseekhelpforNauru’sproblems.B.Togiveawarningtoothercountries.C.Toshowtheimportanceofmoney.D.Totellaheartbreakingstoryofawar.57.WhatwasNaurulikebeforetheEuropeanscame?A.Richandpowerful.B.Modernandopen.C.PeacefulandattractiveD.Greedyandaggressive.58.TheecologicaldisasterinNaururesultedfrom____.A.soilpollutionB.phosphateoverminingC.farmingactivityD.whalehunting59.WhichofthefollowingwasacauseofNauru’sfinancialproblem?A.Itsleadersmisusedthemoney.B.Itspenttoomuchrepairingtheisland.C.Itsphosphateminingcostmuchmoney.D.Itlostmillionsofdollarsinthecivilwar.60.WhatcanwelearnaboutNaurufromthelastparagraph?A.Theecologicaldamageisdifficulttorepair.B.Theleaderswilltaketheexperts’wordsseriously.C.TheislandwasabandonedbytheNauruans.D.Thephosphateminesweredestroyed.高考真題（適合A班做）MoneyMattersParentsshouldhelptheirchildrenunderstandmoney.71soyoumaystarttallkingaboutmoneywhenyourchildshowsaninterestinbuyingthings,candyortoys,forexample.ThebasicfunctionofmoneyBeingexplainingthebasicfunctionofmoneybyshowinghowpeopletrademoneyforgoodsorservices.it’simportanttoshowyourchildhowmoneyistradedforthethinghewantstohave.Ifhewantstohaveatoy,givehimthemoneyandlethimhandthemoneytothecashier.72whenyourchildgrowsabitolderandunderstandsthebasicfunctionofmoney,youcanstartexplainingmorecomplexwaysofusingmoney.2.MoneylessonsApproachmoneylessonswithopennessandhonesty.73Ifyoumustsaynotoachild’srequesttospendmoney,explain,”Youhaveenoughtoytrucksfornow.”O(jiān)r,iftherequestisformanydifferentthings,say.“Youhavetomakeachoicebetweenthistoyandthattoy.”3.74Beginatthegrocerystore.Pickputsimilarbrandsofaproduct—anamebrandbutterandageneric(無商標(biāo)產(chǎn)品),forexample.Youcanshowyourchildhowtomakechoicesbetweendifferentbrandsofaproductsothatyoucansavemoney.75Ifhechoosesthecheaperbrand,allowhimtomakeanotherpurchasewiththemoneysaved.Later,youmayexplainshowthemoreexpensivechoiceleaveslessmoneyforotherpurchases.A.wisedecision.B.Thevalueofmoney.C.Permitthechildwhyhecan—orcannot—havecertainthings.D.Talkyourselfwhatthingsthatcostmoneyaremostimportanttoyou.E.Askyourselfwhatthingsthatcostmoneyaremostimportanttoyou.F.Talkabouthowthemoneyboughtthethingafteryouleavethetoystore.G.Thebesttimetoteachachildanythingaboutmoneyiswhenheshowsaninterest.高考真題（適合B班做）MostpeopleknowthatMarieCuriewasthefirstwomantowintheNobelPrize,andthefirstpersontowinittwice.However,fewpeopleknowthatshewasalsothemotherofaNobelPrizewinner.BorninSeptember,1987,IreneCuriewasthefirstoftheCuries’twodaughters.Alongwithnineotherchildrenwhoseparentswerealsofamousscholars,Irenestudiedintheirownschool,andhermotherwasoneoftheteachers.ShefinishedherhighschooleducationattheCollegeofSévignéinParis.IreneenteredtheUniversityofParisin1914toprepareforadegreeinmathematicsandph