人教版高中英語必修四學(xué)案講義Unit2 Working the land-詞匯篇（學(xué)生版）

Unit2Workingtheland詞匯篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________要求學(xué)生掌握本單元的重點(diǎn)單詞、重點(diǎn)短語、重要詞匯辨析并能熟練應(yīng)用。重點(diǎn)短語1.thanksto由于，因?yàn)?，幸虧owingto因?yàn)?，由?可作表語和狀語)becauseof因?yàn)?強(qiáng)調(diào)因果關(guān)系)asaresultof由于(強(qiáng)調(diào)某一事件造成的后果)dueto因?yàn)?，由?.rid…of…使……擺脫，除去get/beridof…擺脫……；除去……ridoneselfof…擺脫；從……中解脫breakawayfrom…擺脫……3.besatisfiedwith對……感到滿意4.wouldrather寧肯，寧愿(后跟動詞原形，其否定形式為wouldrathernotdosth.)5.buildup逐漸增強(qiáng)；建立，開發(fā)setup建立putup舉起；張貼；搭建takeup拿起；從事；占據(jù)(空間等)6.leadto導(dǎo)致，造成(后果)；通向……7.focuson集中；把……集中在……8.keep…freefrom/of使……免受(影響、傷害等)；使……不含(有害物)二、同義辨析1.expand/stretch/extendexpand指向四面八方的擴(kuò)大、擴(kuò)張E.g.Iownedabookshopanddesiredtoexpandthebusiness.stretch指由短變長的伸展E.g.Thissweaterhasstretched.extend強(qiáng)調(diào)向某一方向的延長E.g.HisinfluenceextendsbeyondtheTVviewingaudience.2.thanksto/owingto/dueto/becauseof/asaresultofthanksto由于，幸虧（常用于書面語，多表示正面情況，有時(shí)也表示反面情況）E.g.Thankstoyourhelp,wefinishedthetaskintime.owingto由于（作狀語，既能指積極的原因，也可指消極的原因）E.g.Owingtocarelessdriving,hehadanaccident.dueto由于，應(yīng)歸于（常用來作表語，也可用作狀語）E.g.Hisfailurewasduetocarelessness.becauseof著重指某種原因（在句中通常作狀語）E.g.Manyfamiliesbreakupbecauseofalackofmoney.asaresultof由于……E.g.Shediedasaresultofherinjuries.三、要點(diǎn)梳理1.Ifso句式ifso如果這樣ifnot如果不是這樣ifany如果有的話或即使有的話ifever如果曾經(jīng)有過或即使有過的話ifpossible如果可能的話ifnecessary.如果必要的話2.struggle(vi.)&(n.)strugglewith/against與……斗爭strugglefor努力爭取……；為……而斗爭struggletoone’sfee掙扎著站起來tstruggletodosth.努力做某事3.hunger(n.)饑餓；欲望；渴望&(v.)（使）饑餓；渴望behungryfor…渴望得到……gohungry吃不飽；挨餓hungertodosth.渴望做某事hungerfor/aftersth.渴望做某事4.expand(vt.&vi.)使變大；伸展expand…into…把……擴(kuò)展/發(fā)展成……5.rid…of…使……擺脫/除去……be/getridof…擺脫ridoneselfof…從……解脫robsb.ofsth.搶劫某人某物warnsb.ofsth.警告某人某事remindsb.ofsth.提醒某人某事informsb.ofsth.通知某人某事curesb.ofsth.醫(yī)好某人的病6.besatisfiedwith對……滿意toone’ssatisfaction使某人滿意的是besatisfiedof使相信某事besatisfiedthat確信……satisfying(adj.)令人滿意的satisfaction(n.)滿意；滿足satisfactory(adj.)令人滿意的7.wouldrather寧愿；寧可wouldrather(not)dosth.寧愿（不）做某事wouldratherhavedonesth.寧愿做過某事woulddosth.ratherthandosth.=wouldratherdosth.thando寧愿做某事（而）不愿做某事/與其做某事倒不如做某事wouldrather+從句（句子需用虛擬語氣）8.Therefore(adv.)因此；所以；因而用在句首，其后要有逗號E.g.Therefore,wemustlearnEnglishwell.用在兩個(gè)分句之間，即一個(gè)句子的一部分表示原因因而另一部分表示結(jié)果時(shí)，一般其前要用分號；若第二個(gè)分句前是逗號或無符號，則要注意前加andE.g.Ihadaheadache;thereforeIcouldnotgotoyourparty.Iwasill,andthereforecouldnotgotherefore.9.equip(vt.&vi.)配備；裝備equip…with…用……裝備……equipsb./sth.for使某人/某事具有……beequippedwith裝備；配備befully/poorlyequipped裝備齊全/簡陋equipment(n.)設(shè)備；裝備apieceofequipment一件設(shè)備officeequipment辦公室設(shè)備10.diefrom死于……dieof/from死于……dieaway逐漸消失diedown逐漸轉(zhuǎn)弱dieoff相繼死去dieout滅絕，消失diefor為……犧牲11.inneedofin(great)needof（非常）需要（后常跟名詞）inneed需要inmemoryof為了紀(jì)念……inpraiseof為了表揚(yáng)……incaseof如果，即使infavorof贊成inhonorof為紀(jì)念/慶?！璱nfaceof面對12.confuse(vt.)使迷惑；使為難confuseAwith/andB把A與B混淆beconfusedaboutsth.對……感到困惑be/getconfusedbysth.被……搞糊涂regret(vt.)遺憾；惋惜&(n.)遺憾；懊悔regretdoingsth.后悔做了某事regrettosay/informthat…遺憾地說/告知……regretthat從句遺憾……withgreat/deepregret很遺憾toone’sregret=totheregretofsb.讓某人感到遺憾的是regrettable(adj.)令人遺憾的；可惜的regretful(adj.)遺憾的；后悔的13.buildup逐漸增加；建立；開發(fā)builduptosth.為……做準(zhǔn)備buildoneselfup增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)buildupafame建立名聲buildupone’shealth/body增進(jìn)健康buildup(=formsteadily)意為“逐步建立；逐步形成”，如buildupone’sstrength（增強(qiáng)體力）。build還指“建造；建筑”，如buildahouse（建房子）14.leadto導(dǎo)致；造成（后果）；通向leadsb.toaplace引導(dǎo)某人去某個(gè)地方leadupto導(dǎo)致；漸漸引到（某個(gè)話題）leada…life過……的生活leadsb.bythenose完全支配某人15.focuson集中（注意力、精力等）于focusone’sattention/mindon集中精力于……focus…on…將……聚集于……befocusedon集中精力/注意力(=concentrateon)eintofocus(問題)顯著突出focusone'sattentionon集中注意力于bring…intofocus聚焦于16.reduce(vt.)減少；縮減reduce…by…把……減少了……reduce…to…把……減少到……；將……概括成……bereducedto陷入某種境地17.keep…freefrom/of使……免受（影響、傷害等）；使……不舍（有害物）18.befreefrom/of不受……傷害forfree/freeofcharge免費(fèi)freesb./oneself/sth.from/ofsth.解除；去除freely(adv.)自由地freedom(n.)自由19.ment(n.)評論；議論(v.)表達(dá)意見；作出評論make/havementson/uponsrh.評論某事noment無可奉告menton/upon對……發(fā)表評論20.circulate(adj.)值得做的，值得的(vt.&vi.)循環(huán)，流通；流傳circulation(n.)流通，循環(huán)circulaterumor散布謠言circulatesecret傳播秘密circulaterapidly很快傳開circulateslowly流通滯緩circulatewidely廣泛流傳例1.（2014甘肅河西一聯(lián)）Iwouldrather_______toworkaftermygraduation,butmyfatherwouldratherI________abroadforfurthereducation.A.go;hadgoneB.go;wentC.went;wentD.went;willgo例2.(2014浙江寧波期始)Attimesthebalanceinnatureis_______,resultinginanumberofpossiblyunforeseeneffects.A.troubledB.confusedC.disturbedD.puzzled例3.（2014福建清流段考）Peopleallovertheworld_______forpeace.leaveB.hungerCeD.work例4.（2014福建）Theclimatehereisquitepleasant,thetemperaturerarely,______,reaching30。Cinsummer.A.ifnotB.ifeverC.ifanyD.ifso例5.（2014安徽）It’sourhopethatwewillplayagreaterroleinthemarketplaceand,______,supplymorejobs.A.howeverB.anywhereC.thereforeD.otherwise基礎(chǔ)演練用括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空1.Somefisharevery________(production);theylaythousandsofeggs.2.Duringtheschoolholidaysthechildrenenjoyedtheir________(free).3.Priceshaverisensteadilyduringthepastseveral________(decade).4.Haveyouever________(grow)anyplants?5.Nowusingchemical________(fertile)hasbeeverymoninfarming.6.Themanhasastrong________(hungry)forsuccess.7.Bothpartieswerehighly________(satisfy)withtheresultsofthetalks.8.ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatthedinnertablethatIhadtostruggleto________(hear).9.Theyhaveallthe________(equip)andadviceyouwillneed.10.Ifeelupsetand________(disturb)bymyownshoppinghabits.鞏固提高短語填空thanksto,beequippedwith,inthehopeof,besatisfiedwith,leadto,getridof,threetimes,strugglewith,haveahungerfor,expandon1.Ithinkyou'dbetter____________yourbadhabits.2.Asayoungman,I____________thepresentjob.3.________yourhelp，muchtroublewassaved.4.Lazinessresultedinhisfailure.Whilehardwork________hisbrother'ssuccess.5.ThomasEdison____________knowledgewhenhewasyoung.6.I____________theproblemforhoursbeforeIsawdaylight.7.Couldyou____________thatpoint,please.8.Thisroomis____________asbigasthatone.9.Everyclassroom____________airconditioning.10.Icalledearly____________catchingherbeforeshewenttowork.一、在句中空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式1.Somenecessaryequipmentaswellasfoodandclothes________(be)senttothedisaster-hitareasincethefloodsoccurred.2.Itissleepinglateinthemorningthatleadsto________(be)lateforwork.3.Mymotherdoesn'twanttofindajobandwouldrather________(stay)athomeandbeahousewife.4.Thanks________theteacher'shelp,hehasmadegreatprogressinEnglishstudy.5.--Whathasmadehimupsetrecently?--________(leave)alonetofacethetroublesomecase.6.Thisisa________(confuse)problem,whichcanbeseenfromher________(confuse)look.7.Theyareworkinghardtokeepsorghumandpeanuts________(freely)frombeingdestroyedbypestsandchemicals.8.--Sinceyoudidn'tagreewithhim,whydidn'tyouraiseobjectionsatthemeeting?--Well,nowIregretnot________(do)that.9.Sheisalwaysworkinghardassheisnever________(satisfy)withwhatshe'sgot.二、短語填空buildup,reduceto,toone'sregret,makenomenton/about,focus…on,confuse…with,keep…freefrom,leadto10.Don't________Austria________Australia.11.Thepoorwoman____________begging.12.Thepolicechief____________theattack.13.He________allhisattention________findingasolutiontotheproblem.14.Actually,youcan________yourhealthbyrunningeverymorning.15.Ihopeyouwill________yourself________tobaccoandalcohol.16.________,hehadwastedtoomuchtime.17.It'ssaidthatitwashiscarelessnessthat________thebusaccident.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一、閱讀理解Atacertaintimeinourlivesweconsidereveryplaceasthepossiblesite(地點(diǎn))forahouse.IhavethussearchedthecountrywithinadozenmilesofwhereIlive.InimaginationIhaveboughtallthefarms,oneafteranother,andIknewtheirprices.ThenearestthingthatIcametoactualownershipwaswhenIboughttheHollowellplace.Butbeforetheownerpletedthesalewithme,hiswifechangedhermindandwishedtokeepit,andheofferedmeadditionaldollarstoreturnthefarmtohim.However,IlethimkeeptheadditionaldollarsandsoldhimthefarmforjustwhatIgaveforit.TherealattractionsoftheHollowellfarmtomewereitsposition,beingabouttwomilesfromthevillage,halfamilefromthenearestneighbor,bounded(相鄰)ononesidebytheriver,andseparatedfromthehighwaybyawidefield.Thepoorconditionofthehouseandfencesshowedthatithadn'tbeenusedforsometime.Irememberedfrommyearliesttripuptheriverthatthehouseusedtobehiddenbehindaforestarea,andIwasinahurrytobuyitbeforetheownerfinishedgettingoutsomerocks,cuttingdowntheappletrees,andclearingawaysomeyoungtreeswhichhadgrownupinthefields.Iwantedtobuyitbeforehemadeanymoreofhisimprovements.ButitturnedoutasIhavesaid.Iwasnotreallytroubledbytheloss.Ihadalwayshadagarden,butIdon'tthinkIwasreadyforalargefarm.Ibelievethataslongaspossibleitisbettertolivefreeandunmitted(自由的).Itmakesbutlittledifferencewhetheryouownafarmornot.1.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor?A.Hewantedtobuytheoldestfarmnearwherehelived.B.Hemadeastudyofmanyfarmsbeforebuying.C.Hemademoneybybuyingandsellingfarms.D.Hehadthemoneytobuythebestfarminthecountry.2.Whydidtheauthorwanttobuythefarminahurry?A.Hewasafraidtheownermightchangehismind.B.Hehopedtoenlargetheforestonthefarm.C.Hewantedtokeepthefarmasitwas.D.Hewaseagertobeeafarmowner.3.Theunderlinedwords“theloss”inthelastparagraphreferto“________”.A.themoneytheauthorlostinbuyingthefarmB.thesaleofthegardenintheHollowellplaceC.theremovalofthetreesaroundthehouseD.thefailuretopossesstheHollowellplace4.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisimportantinlife?A.Toownafarm.B.Tosatisfyhisneeds.C.Tobefreefromworries.D.Toliveinthecountryside.二、完形填空Afriendofminemetwithanaccidentdrivingindarkness.Hislegsweresohurtthathecouldn'tmove.Whatwasthe__1__wasthathefoundhimselfunabletoaskforhelp—hismobilephonewentoutof__2__asaresultoftheexhaustedbattery.Nothingcouldbedonebutto__3__incoldwilderness.Itwaseighthourslaterthatthedaybroke,andthen__4__oftherescue.Itisalmost__5__thathecouldstandthehorrorinthedarknessforsolong.Evenmoresurprisingwashis__6__,“Firstofall,I__7__myphysicalconditionsandfoundmyselfnotinmortaldanger.Astherewasno__8__tocallforhelp,Ileanedbackinmyseattryingmybesttostopthewoundfrom__9__.InthiswayIdozedoff(打瞌睡).”Hisstoryputanendtomyregretforthe__10__ofanexplorationadventurethathappenedlastyear.Agroupofyoungmen__11__toexploreamountaincaveandgotlost.__12__tofindawayoutinthedarkcave,theywerefrightenedandrananxiously(焦慮地)withoutasenseof__13__.Finallytheydiedinfearandexhaustion.Accordingtothe__14__peoplethatfoundthem,theplacewheretheygotlostwasonlyabout10metresawayfromthe__15__ofthecave.Iftheystayedonthespotwhentheylosttheirwayandtriedto__16__themselves,theywouldprobablysenseafaintlightglimmering(發(fā)出微弱的閃光)notfaraway.Don'tyouthinkyoucanpareitwith__17__itself?Whenyoumeetwith__18__inlifeandwork,youarelostindarkness.Sometimesit'sunclearyetandyouneedn'tputupstruggle__19__.Itseemstobeanegativeattitude,__20__apersonwhocanaffordtodosomusthaveforesight(先見之明)aswellasgreatcourageinthef