答案-大學(xué)英語2復(fù)習(xí)提綱

《北京理工大學(xué)現(xiàn)代遠(yuǎn)程教育學(xué)院大學(xué)英語2課程復(fù)習(xí)提綱》《大學(xué)英語2》UseofEnglish（交際用語）1.It

is

cold

today.

What

would

you

like

to

do

this

afternoon?

(D)

Yes,

it’s

too

cold,

so

I

don’t

feel

like

going

out

today.2.I'mafraidheisn'tin.Thisishissecretaryspeaking.CanIhelpyou?B.Thanks,wouldyoupleasetakeamessageforme?3.WhereistheLoanDepartment,please?BThisway,Please.4.MayIborrowyourumbrellaforamoment?C：Well,IamafraidIamgoingtouseitmyself5.Couldyouhelpmeputupthemapsonthewall?Noproblem6.Sheisrunningafever,butnowitisundercontrol.-___B：Iwillgoandseeherafterwork.7.Takethesepillsthreetimesadayandcomebackinthreedays. A.Thankyouverymuchindeed.8.WouldyoumindifIturnedtheradioup?B.No,gorightahead.9.WelcomtoUnitedInternational.Ihopeyouwillenjoyyourworkhere.D：Youareverykind.10.You'vebeenbusy,haven'tyou?B.Yes,I'vebeenworkinghardonmypaper.II.ReadingComprehensionTodayanyonewillacceptmoneyinexchangeforgoodsandservices.Peopleusemoneytobuyfood,furniture,books,bicyclesandhundredsofotherthingstheyneedorwant.Whentheywork,theyusuallygetpaidinmoney.Mostofthemoneytodayismadeofmetalorpaper.Butpeopleusedtouseallkindsofthingsasmoney.Oneofthefirstkindsofmoneywasshells.Shellswerenottheonlythingsusedasmoney.InChina,clothandkniveswereused.InthePhillipineIslands,ricewasusedasmoneyforalongtime.Elephanttusks,monkeytailsandsaltwereusedasmoneyinpartsofAfrica.ThefirstmetalcoinsweremadeinChina.Theywereroundandhadasquareholeinthecentre.Peoplestrung(串聯(lián))themtogetherandcarriedthemfromplacetoplace.Differentcountrieshaveuseddifferentmetalsanddesignsfortheirmoney.ThefirstcoinsinEnglandweremadeoftin(錫).SwedenandRussiausedcopper(銅)tomaketheirmoney.Latersomecountriesbegantomakecoinsofgoldandsilver.Butevengoldandsilverwereinconvenientifyouhadtobuysomethingexpensive.AgaintheChinesethoughtofawaytoimprovemoney.Theybegantousepapermoney.Thefirstpapermoneylookedmorelikenotefromonepersontoanotherthanthepapermoneyusedtoday.Moneyhashadaninterestinghistoryfromthedaysofshellmoneyuntiltoday.41.Whichofthefollowingcanbecitedasanexampleoftheuseofmoneyinexchangeforservices? D.Togetpaidforyourwork.42.Wherewereshellsusedasmoneyinhistory? D.Wedon’tknow43.Why,accordingtothepassagedidancientChinesecoinshaveasquareholeinthecenter? A.Becauseitwouldbeeasiertoputthemtogetherandcarrythemaround.44.Whydoestheauthorsaythatevengoldandsilverwereinconvenientifyouhadtobuysomethingexpensive? C.Becausetheyarenoteasytocarryaround.45.Whichdoyouchooseasthebesttitleforthispassage? D.TheHistoryofMoneyTheworldisnotonlyhungry,itwillalsobethirstyforwater.About97%ofwaterontheearthisseawater,orsaltwater.Mancanonlydrinkorusetheother3％ofthefreshwater(淡水)whichcomesfromrivers,lakesandunderground.Ontheotherhand,becausethenumberofpeopleintheworldisbecominglargerandlarger,moreandmorefreshwaterisneeded.Sowatershortagebecomesabigproblem.Howcanweworkoutthisproblem?Scientistshavefoundsomewaystoturnsaltwaterintofreshwater.Oneimportantwayistoboil(使達(dá)到沸點(diǎn))seawaterwithhighheatuntilvapor(蒸汽)rises,leavingthesalt.Inthisway,alotoffreshwatercanbemadequickly.Butheatingisnottheonlywaytogetfreshwater.Otherwaysaretried,forexample,digging(挖)deepwells(深井),keepingrainwaterandpreventingriversfrombeingpolluted.Whichwayisthebest?Togetthemostfreshwaterfortheleastmoneyisthebest.1.Wheredoesthefreshwaterpeopleneedcomefrom?B.Riversandlakes.C.Underground.D.BothBandC.2.Fromthispassageweknowfreshwater________.D.isneededbymoreandmorepeople3.Theword"shortage"inthispassagemeans________.B.beingshortof4.Whatisthewritermainlytalkingaboutinthispassage?A.Thewaysofgettingfreshwater.5.Whichofthefollowingistrue?D.Scientistshavebeenworkinghardandhavemademuchprogressinsolvingwaterproblem.TheworlditselfisbecomingmuchsmallerbyusingmoderntrafficandTV,telephoneandsoon.Lifetodayismucheasierthanitwashundredsofyearsago,butithasalsobroughtnewproblems.Oneofthebiggestispollution.Pollutioncomesinmanyways.Weseeit,smellit,drinkitandevenhearit.Themorepeople,themorepollution.Manyyearsago,theproblemwasnotsoseriousbecausetherewerenotsomanypeople.Manisnowslowlypollutingthewholeworld..Airpollutionisstillthemostserious.It’sbadtoalllivingthingsintheworld.Waterpollutionkillsourfishandpollutesourdrinkingwater.Noisepollutionmakesusbecomeangrymoreeasily.Manycountriesaremakingrulestofightpollution.Theystoppeoplefromburningcoalinhousesandfactoriesinthecity.ThepollutionofSO2isnowthemostdangerousproblemofairpollution.Itiscausedbyheavytraffic.Itissurethatiftherearefewerpeopledriving,therewillbelessairpollution.1.Ourworldisbecomingmuchsmaller_______.B．thankstosciencedevelopment2.Thousandsofyearsago,lifewas_______itistoday.D．muchharderthan3.Pollutioncomesinmanyways.Wecanevenhearit.Here“it”means______.C．noisepollution4.Airpollutionisthemostseriouskindofpollutionbecause________.A．it’sbadtoalllivingthingsintheworld5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?D．TheproblemofpollutionisnotsoseriousbecausetherearesomanypeopleIII.Vocabulary&Structure（詞匯結(jié)構(gòu)）31.Whateveronehasplannedtodois________tobealtered(改變)intheprocess.A.prohibited32.Theonlywayto__________afearistofaceit,andtodosoasfrequentlyaspossible.D.conquer33.Earlyinthemorning,Iwas___________outofbedtorepairaminorfaultonthecar.B.dragged34.Theresultofeveryaccident,however____,isariseinthecostofinsuranceD.minor35.IrememberChapmanwas________whenItoldhimwemightmakeamilliondollarsayear.B.amazed36.Mr.Trumpwouldnot________detailsofhisplanforanewfactorytomakemobilephonesinChina.B.reveal37.Thereportis________withtherelationshipbetweenpoliticsandthelaws.A:concerned38.Inasmallenterpriseordepartment,managementbyinertiaisa_______disease.C.deadly39.Hesatlikeaman______bythesuddennewsofdeathB.stunned40.She’sbeenreportedmissingandwe’recheckinghermovementsforthetwoweeksbeforeherB)survived41.Thefightlastedbutafewminutes,whentheenemysoldiers___beforeusfortwelvemiles.B.retreated42.Asobcaughthisthroatandhecoughedto___itB.mask43..At6:30a.m.nextmorningthetrain___CentralStation,Glasgow.B.pulledintoIV.Cloze（完形填空）Canauthoritybecriticized?In1)__(A)much_____oftheword，authorityisnot2)__(D)challenged_____eitheroutofrespectoroutof3)___(C)fear_____.Insuchcountrieschildrenarenotexpectedto4)__(A)question___theirteachersinschool—thus5)__(B)brilliant__youngscholarsor6)__(C)original__industrialmean(方式)arehampered（受阻）intechnicalresearchbecausetheydon’tfeelfreeto7)___(A)disagree__withtheirsuperiors.Cleverresearchersmaybeconsideredtoo8)__(A)young___tohave“anyfight”topresent9)__(D)findings___thataredifferentfromknowledgeandwisdomofmenofoldages.10)___(D)However__,theAmericanis11)__(B)trained__fromchildhoodtoquestion，analyzeandsearch.Schooltasksare12)___(B)designed__toencouragetheuseofa13)__(A)wide___rangeofmaterials.Acompositiontopiclike“Writeapaper14)__(B)on__theworld’ssupplyofsugar”willsendeven15)__(D)anadult__insearchofcompletelyunfamiliarideas.16)__(D)Even__intheprimarygrades，childrenaretaughtto17)__(B)manage___libraries，andtosearchfor18)__(C)new__ideasofvarioussorts.19)__(D)By___thetimetheyare14,15and16,manyyoungscholarsaremarkingoriginaland20)__(B)valuable__contributionsinallfieldsofscience.V.Translation（英譯漢）71.Dr.GreenisbusyworkingonacureforAIDS,butfromnextmonthonhewillbeabletofitintwentypatienceorsoonMondaymorning.格林大夫忙著研制一種治艾滋病的藥物，但從下月起他就能安排時(shí)間在星期一上午看二十個(gè)左右的病人了。72.Idohopethatyoucancomeupwithabettersolutionthanthisone.我真希望你能拿出一個(gè)比這更好的解決辦法來。73.Evenifhisgrandmothercouldnotcometohisbirthdayparty,shewouldsendhimalovelypresent.Tomwassureofthat.即使他的祖母不能來參加他的生日宴會(huì)，她也會(huì)寄給他一件可愛的禮物。對(duì)這點(diǎn)湯姆深信不疑。74.Marythoughtitdifficulttocarryoutherplanallbyherself瑪麗覺得靠自己的力量執(zhí)行她的計(jì)劃是困難的。75.Ifyouhaveanyquestionsabouttheselearningstrategies,pleasefeelfreetoaskme.AndIwillexplainthemingreaterdetail.如果你們對(duì)這些學(xué)習(xí)策略有什么問題，請(qǐng)隨便問我。我將更詳細(xì)地進(jìn)行講解。[計(jì)算機(jī)-袁博]15:552021-10-16

咖啡店創(chuàng)業(yè)計(jì)劃書第一部分：背景在中國，人們?cè)絹碓綈酆瓤Х取ｋS之而來的咖啡文化充滿生活的每個(gè)時(shí)刻。無論在家里、還是在辦公室或各種社交場(chǎng)合，人們都在品著咖啡?？Х戎饾u與時(shí)尚、現(xiàn)代生活聯(lián)系在一齊。遍布各地的咖啡屋成為人們交談、聽音樂、休息的好地方，咖啡豐富著我們的生活，也縮短了你我之間的距離，咖啡逐漸發(fā)展為一種文化。隨著咖啡這一有著悠久歷史飲品的廣為人知，咖啡正在被越來越多的中國人所理解。第二部分：項(xiàng)目介紹第三部分：創(chuàng)業(yè)優(yōu)勢(shì)目前大學(xué)校園的這片市場(chǎng)還是空白，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)壓力小。而且前期投資也不是很高，此刻國家鼓勵(lì)大學(xué)生畢業(yè)后自主創(chuàng)業(yè)，有一系列的優(yōu)惠政策以及貸款支持。再者大學(xué)生往往對(duì)未來充滿期望，他們有著年輕的血液、蓬勃的朝氣，以及初生牛犢不怕虎的精神，而這些都是一個(gè)創(chuàng)業(yè)者就應(yīng)具備的素質(zhì)。大學(xué)生在學(xué)校里學(xué)到了很多理論性的東西，有著較高層次的技術(shù)優(yōu)勢(shì)，現(xiàn)代大學(xué)生有創(chuàng)新精神，有對(duì)傳統(tǒng)觀念和傳統(tǒng)行業(yè)挑戰(zhàn)的信心和欲望，而這種創(chuàng)新精神也往往造就了大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)的動(dòng)力源泉，成為成功創(chuàng)業(yè)的精神基礎(chǔ)。大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)的最大好處在于能提高自己的潛力、增長經(jīng)驗(yàn)，以及學(xué)以致用;最大的誘人之處是透過成功創(chuàng)業(yè)，能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)自己的理想，證明自己的價(jià)值。第四部分：預(yù)算1、咖啡店店面費(fèi)用咖啡店店面是租賃建筑物。與建筑物業(yè)主經(jīng)過協(xié)商，以合同形式達(dá)成房屋租賃協(xié)議。協(xié)議資料包括房屋地址、面積、結(jié)構(gòu)、使用年限、租賃費(fèi)用、支付費(fèi)用方法等。租賃的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是投資少、回收期限短。預(yù)算10-15平米店面，啟動(dòng)費(fèi)用大約在9-12萬元。2、裝修設(shè)計(jì)費(fèi)用咖啡店的滿座率、桌面的周轉(zhuǎn)率以及氣候、節(jié)日等因素對(duì)收益影響較大?？Х瑞^的消費(fèi)卻相對(duì)較高，主要針對(duì)的也是學(xué)生人群，咖啡店布局、格調(diào)及采用何種材料和咖啡店效果圖、平面圖、施工圖的設(shè)計(jì)費(fèi)用，大約6000元左右3、裝修、裝飾費(fèi)用具體費(fèi)用包括以下幾種。(1)外墻裝飾費(fèi)用。包括招牌、墻面、裝飾費(fèi)用。(2)店內(nèi)裝修費(fèi)用。包括天花板、油漆、裝飾費(fèi)用，木工、等費(fèi)用。(3)其他裝修材料的費(fèi)用。玻璃、地板、燈具、人工費(fèi)用也應(yīng)計(jì)算在內(nèi)。整體預(yù)算按標(biāo)準(zhǔn)裝修費(fèi)用為360元/平米，裝修費(fèi)用共360*15=5400元。4、設(shè)備設(shè)施購買費(fèi)用具體設(shè)備主要有以下種類。(1)沙發(fā)、桌、椅、貨架。共計(jì)2250元(2)音響系統(tǒng)。共計(jì)450(3)吧臺(tái)所用的烹飪?cè)O(shè)備、儲(chǔ)存設(shè)備、洗滌設(shè)備、加工保溫設(shè)備。共計(jì)600(4)產(chǎn)品制造使用所需的吧臺(tái)、咖啡杯、沖茶器、各種小碟等。共計(jì)300凈水機(jī)，采用美的品牌，這種凈水器每一天能生產(chǎn)12l純凈水，每一天銷售咖啡及其他飲料100至200杯，價(jià)格大約在人民幣1200元上下。咖啡機(jī)，咖啡機(jī)選取的是電控半自動(dòng)咖啡機(jī)，咖啡機(jī)的報(bào)價(jià)此刻就應(yīng)在人民幣350元左右，加上另外的附件也不會(huì)超過1200元。磨豆機(jī)，價(jià)格在330―480元之間。冰砂機(jī)，價(jià)格大約是400元一臺(tái)，有點(diǎn)要說明的是，最好是買兩臺(tái)，不然夏天也許會(huì)不夠用。制冰機(jī)，從制冰量上來說，一般是要留有富余?？钪票鶛C(jī)每一天的制冰量是12kg。價(jià)格稍高550元，質(zhì)量較好，所以能夠用很多年，這么算來也是比較合算的。5、首次備貨費(fèi)用包括購買常用物品及低值易耗品，吧臺(tái)用各種咖啡豆、奶、茶、水果、冰淇淋等的費(fèi)用。大約1000元6、開業(yè)費(fèi)用開業(yè)費(fèi)用主要包括以下幾種。(1)營業(yè)執(zhí)照辦理費(fèi)、登記費(fèi)、保險(xiǎn)費(fèi);預(yù)計(jì)3000元(2)營銷廣告費(fèi)用;預(yù)計(jì)450元7、周轉(zhuǎn)金開業(yè)初期，咖啡店要準(zhǔn)備必須量的流動(dòng)資金，主要用于咖啡店開業(yè)初期的正常運(yùn)營。預(yù)計(jì)2000元共計(jì)： 120000+6000+5400+2250+450+600+300+1200+1200+480+400+550+1000+3000+450+2000=145280元第五部分：發(fā)展計(jì)劃1、營業(yè)額計(jì)劃那里的營業(yè)額是指咖啡店日常營業(yè)收入的多少。在擬定營業(yè)額目標(biāo)時(shí)，必須要依據(jù)目前市場(chǎng)的狀況，再思考到咖啡店的經(jīng)營方向以及當(dāng)前的物價(jià)情形，予以綜合衡量。按照目前流動(dòng)人口以及人們對(duì)咖啡的喜好預(yù)計(jì)每一天的營業(yè)額為400-800，根據(jù)淡旺季的不同可能上下浮動(dòng)2、采購計(jì)劃依據(jù)擬訂的商品計(jì)劃，實(shí)際展開采購作業(yè)時(shí)，為使采購資金得到有效運(yùn)用以及商品構(gòu)成達(dá)成平衡，務(wù)必針對(duì)設(shè)定的商品資料排定采購計(jì)劃。透過營業(yè)額計(jì)劃、商品計(jì)劃與采購計(jì)劃的確立，我們不難了解，一家咖啡店為了營業(yè)目標(biāo)的達(dá)成，同時(shí)有效地完成商品構(gòu)成與靈活地運(yùn)用采購資金，各項(xiàng)基本的計(jì)劃是不可或缺的。當(dāng)一家咖啡店設(shè)定了營業(yè)計(jì)劃、商品計(jì)劃及采購計(jì)劃之后，即可依照設(shè)定的采購金額進(jìn)行商品的采購。經(jīng)過進(jìn)貨手續(xù)檢驗(yàn)、標(biāo)價(jià)之后，即可寫在菜單上。之后務(wù)必思考的事情，就是如何有效地將這些商品銷售出去。3、人員計(jì)劃為了到達(dá)設(shè)定的經(jīng)營目標(biāo)，經(jīng)營者務(wù)必對(duì)人員的任用與工作的分派有一個(gè)明確的計(jì)劃。有效利用人力資源，開展人員培訓(xùn)，都是我們務(wù)必思考的。4、經(jīng)費(fèi)計(jì)劃經(jīng)營經(jīng)費(fèi)的分派是管理的重點(diǎn)工作。通常能夠?qū)⒖Х鹊杲?jīng)營經(jīng)費(fèi)分為人事類費(fèi)用(薪資、伙食費(fèi)、獎(jiǎng)金等)、設(shè)備類費(fèi)用(修繕費(fèi)、折舊、租金等)、維持類費(fèi)用(水電費(fèi)、消耗品費(fèi)、事務(wù)費(fèi)、雜費(fèi)等)和營業(yè)類費(fèi)用(廣告宣傳費(fèi)、包裝費(fèi)、營業(yè)稅等)。還能夠依其性質(zhì)劃分成固定費(fèi)用與變動(dòng)費(fèi)用。我們要針對(duì)過去的實(shí)際業(yè)績?cè)O(shè)定可能增加的經(jīng)費(fèi)幅度。5、財(cái)務(wù)計(jì)劃財(cái)務(wù)計(jì)劃中的損益計(jì)劃最能反映全店的經(jīng)營成果?？Х鹊杲?jīng)營者在營運(yùn)資金的收支上要進(jìn)行控制，以便做到經(jīng)營資金合理的調(diào)派與運(yùn)用?？傊?，以上所列的六項(xiàng)基本計(jì)劃(營業(yè)額、商品采購、銷售促進(jìn)、人員、經(jīng)費(fèi)、財(cái)務(wù))是咖啡店管理不可或缺的。當(dāng)然，有一些咖啡店為求管理上更深入，也能夠配合工作實(shí)際需要制訂一些其他輔助性計(jì)劃。第六部分：市場(chǎng)分析