《系統(tǒng)解剖學(xué)》教學(xué)資料 頭骨

TheSkull彭興春

DepartmentofAnatomy

HubeiUniversityofMedicine

編輯ppt1.掌握顱的組成，腦顱、面顱的劃分。2.掌握顱底內(nèi)面觀的主要結(jié)構(gòu)。3.掌握眶、骨性鼻腔的形態(tài)特征。骨性鼻旁竇的名稱、位置及開口。4.掌握顱骨的常用骨性標志：眉弓、顴弓、下頜角、舌骨、乳突、枕外隆突。5.了解新生兒顱骨的特征及生后變化。目的要求編輯pptTheskull

Theskullcontains23bones.Theskullisdividedintotwoparts:cerebralcraniumandfacialCranium.編輯ppt編輯ppt(一）Thecranial

skull

Thecerebralcraniumconsistsofeightcranialbones.

onefrontaloneethmoidonesphenoidoneoccipitaltwoparietaltwotemporal

編輯ppt(二）Thefacialcranium

Thefacialcraniumarefifteeninnumber.

maxillapalatinepairedzygomaticbonesnasallacrimalbones

inferiornasalconchaevomerUnpairedmandibleboneshyoid編輯ppt1.Themandible

2.Thehyoidheadofmandibleangleofmandible編輯ppt(三）Thewholeviewoftheskull

1.Thesuperioraspectoftheskull

coronalsuturesagittalsuturelambdoidsuture

2.Theposterioraspectoftheskull

externaloccipitalprotuberance

superiornuchalline編輯ppt

3.TheinternalsurfaceofthebaseofskullItisdividedintothreefossa.Thesearetheanterior,themiddleandtheposteriorcranialfossa.編輯ppt

cristagalli雞冠cribriformplat篩板cribriformforamina篩孔

(1)The

anteriorcranialfossa編輯ppt(2)The

middlecranialfossa

hypophysialfossa垂體窩

opticcanalanteriorclinoidprocess前床突dorsumsellae鞍背superiororbitalfissure眶上裂

foramenlacerum破裂孔foramenrotundum圓孔foramenovale卵圓孔foramenspinosum棘孔

sulcusformiddlemeningealartery腦膜中動脈溝編輯ppt

foramenmagnum枕骨大孔

hypoglossalcanal舌下神經(jīng)管jugularforamen頸靜脈孔internalacousticpore

內(nèi)耳門(3)The

posteriorcranialfossa編輯ppt

4.Theexternalsurfaceofthebaseofskullalveolararch牙槽弓

posteriornasalapertures鼻后孔

occipitalcondyle枕髁hypoglossalcanal舌下神經(jīng)管外口jugularforamen頸靜脈孔styloidprocess莖突stylomastoidforamen

莖乳孔編輯ppt

5.Thelateralviewofskull

pterygopalatinefossa翼腭窩

externalacousticpore外耳門

mastoid

process乳突zygomaticarch

temporalfossa顳窩

infratemporalfossa

pterion

顳下窩編輯ppt硬膜外出血翼點編輯ppt

6.Thefrontviewofskull(1)theforehead

superciliaryarch眉弓

(2)theorbits眶

①orbitalopening底supraorbitalforamen(notch)眶上孔/切跡②orbitalapex尖:opticcanal③superiorwall:lacrimalfossa淚腺窩④

medialwall:lacrimalsacfossa淚囊窩,nasolacrimalcanal⑤inferiorwall:inferiororbitalfissure眶下裂,inferiororbitalforamen眶下孔⑥lateralwall:superiororbitalfissure眶上裂編輯ppt

nasalseptem鼻中隔superiormiddleconchaeinferiorsuperiormiddlemeatusinferior

sphenoethmoidalrecess蝶篩隱窩(3)thebonynasalcavity編輯ppt

(4)theparanasalsinuses

①thefrontalsinuses