初中英語(yǔ)中考語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn) 專題九情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

專題九情態(tài)動(dòng)詞考點(diǎn)1

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法詞匯含義及用法示例can表示能力,“能,會(huì)”,其否定式是cannot＝can'tIcanplaytheguitar,butIcan'tplaytheviolin.表示允許,“可以”,CanI…？意為“我可以……嗎？”較口語(yǔ)化CanIgohomenow？could是can的過(guò)去式,表示過(guò)去的能力Lucycouldswimattheageoffive.could也可表示較can更為委婉的語(yǔ)氣Couldyouhelpme？詞匯含義及用法示例may(might)表示“請(qǐng)求許可”,意思是“可以,可能”,其一般疑問(wèn)句的否定回答為mustn't/can't,might是may的過(guò)去式,語(yǔ)氣比may更委婉—MayIgooutandplayfootball?—No,youmustn't.should意為“應(yīng)該”,表示按情理應(yīng)該如何,也可以表示一種責(zé)任和義務(wù)Youshouldgotoseethedoctor.詞匯含義及用法示例must表示義務(wù)、命令或要求,意思是“必須,應(yīng)該”,否定形式為mustn't,意思是“不準(zhǔn)，不允許”,表示警告Youmustbecarefulnexttime.Youmustn'ttakephotoshere.表示說(shuō)話人的主觀看法Imustgohomenow.must引導(dǎo)的一般疑問(wèn)句,肯定回答時(shí)用must,haveto；否定回答時(shí)用needn't或don'thaveto—MustIfinishthehomeworktoday?—No，youneedn't/youdon'thaveto.詞匯含義及用法示例havetohaveto表示客觀需要,意為“不得不,必須”,有人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)的變化,后跟動(dòng)詞原形Hehadtostayathomebecauseoftheheavyrain.need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)意為“需要”,常用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句中Heneedn'tcomehere.以need引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn't—NeedIgotheretomorrow?—Yes，youmust./No,youneedn't.作行為動(dòng)詞時(shí),有人稱和數(shù)的變化,后常跟不定式作賓語(yǔ),只用于肯定句中Heneedstoseeadoctor.詞匯含義及用法示例hadbetter意為“最好”,沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化,后跟動(dòng)詞原形You'dbetterhaveagoodrest.will(would)表示請(qǐng)求、建議等,would比will委婉客氣Wouldyoupleasepassmethebook？表示意志、愿望和決心等Iwillneverdothatagain.Theyaskedifwewouldcometoseehim.【辨析】must與havetomust意為“必須”，表示說(shuō)話人的主觀意志和看法；haveto意為“不得不”，表示有客觀原因所以不得已而為之。【典例剖析】(2020·新疆)Myclassmateisjumpingsofar!I________believemyeyes.A.shouldn't

B.needn'tC.mustn'tD.can't剖析：句意：我的同學(xué)跳得這么遠(yuǎn)。我________相信自己的眼睛。shouldn't不應(yīng)該；can't不能；mustn't禁止；needn't不需要。根據(jù)句意“我的同學(xué)跳得這么遠(yuǎn)”可知應(yīng)該是“我不能相信自己的眼睛”。故選D?？键c(diǎn)2

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)的用法1.表示肯定推測(cè)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞詞匯含義及用法示例may意為“也許”,語(yǔ)氣一般Mr.Limaybeathome.might意為“或許”,語(yǔ)氣最弱Shemighthavegonetothereadingroom.could意為“很可能”,語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)于mayThestorybookcouldbeLiPing's.Helikesreadingstories.must意為“必定，一定”,語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)烈ThebookmustbeLucy's.Hernameisonthecover.can表可能性,時(shí)常用在疑問(wèn)句中—Wherecanmypenbe?—Itmaybeinyourdesk.2.表示否定推測(cè)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(1)can't表示否定推測(cè)，語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)烈，意為“一定不；不可能”。如：Thatcan'tbeMissGao.ShehasgonetoShanghai.那不可能是高老師。她去上海了。(2)maynot也表示否定推測(cè)，語(yǔ)氣不確定，意為“可能不是”。如：Itmaynotbemypen.這可能不是我的鋼筆?！镜淅饰觥?2020·濱州)—Onmywaytothebookstore，IsawMaryhangingoutwithherfriends.—It________beher.ShehasgonetoBeijing.A.can't

B.mustn't

C.might

D.could剖析：句意：——在我去書(shū)店的路上，我看見(jiàn)瑪麗和她的朋友們?cè)谝黄??！猒_______是她。她去北京了。can't不可能；mustn't禁止；might可能，表推測(cè)；could可能。分析語(yǔ)意可知，此處表示可能性，根據(jù)“ShehasgonetoBeijing.”可知，不可能是瑪麗，表否定推測(cè)。故選A。單項(xiàng)選擇(

)1.(2020·北京)—________yougivemeahand？Ican'tmovetheboxbymyself.—Noproblem.A.Could B.Should C.Must

D.Need(

)2.(2020·淮安)You________smokehere！Lookatthesign.Itsays“Nosmoking”.A.needn't B.mustn't C.can D.mayAB(

)3.(2020·武漢)—Idon'tcarewhatpeoplethink.—Well，you________.Someopinionsareworthweighing.A.might B.shouldC.could D.would(

)4.(2020·自貢改編)—Mustwewearschooluniformseverywhere?—No，we________.A.needn't B.mustn'tC.can't D.shouldn'tBA(

)5.(2020·武威)Youhaven'teatenallday.You________beveryhungry.A.couldn't B.can'tC.might D.must(

)6.(2020·黔南)Polluted

airandwater________killplants，animals，andevenpeople.A.can B.can'tC.should D.shouldn'tDA(

)7.(2020·畢節(jié))The

airpollutionisveryseriousinourcity.Something________aboutitnow.A.cando B.mustdoC.wasdone D.mustbedone(

)8.(2020·銅仁)—Howdeliciousthemealis!DidKangkang'smothercookit?—It________beher.Thesedaysshehasbeeninapoorvillagetohelpthepeoplethere.A.can't B.won't C.mustn't D.needn'tDA(

)9.(2019·北京)—Lily，________youfinishtheletterintenminutes?—Yes，Ican.A.must B.should C.need D.can(

)10.(2019·孝感)—MayIjointheartclub，Dad?—Ifyouhaveinterest，you________.A.should B.can C.haveto D.must(

)11.(2019·蘭州)Themagazine________Lucy's.Wecanseehernameonthecover.A.mustn'tbe B.can'tbeC.mustbe D.needn'tbeDBC(

)12.(2019·宜昌)—Alittlebirdenteredthroughtheopenwindowtojoinusfordinnerlastnight.—Wow，theunexpectedguest________welcomed.A.willbe