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2021-2022年河北省滄州市公共英語五級(筆試)知識點(diǎn)匯總(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________
一、1.ListeningComprehension(15題)1.MrMillerhadknownalotaboutcarpentryandelectricwiringbeforehewasengagedindo-it-yourself.
A.RightB.Wrong
2.Thepast-orientedpeopletendtolookattheworldina______.
3.HowlongdidthejourneytakefromEnglandtoIndiaintheolddays?
4.What'stheCivilRightsMovementfor?
5.HowlongdidittakeforalettersentbyapostridertoreachtheaddresseebetweenNewYorkandBoston?
6.Whatisbehavioralmanagementbasedon?
7.Thetalkismainlyabouttheimportanceof"feltimages".
A.TrueB.Fasle
8.Ifaconsumerwantsaquicksettlementoftheproblem,whomisitbettertocomplainto?
A.Ashopassistant.
B.Thestoremanager.
C.Themanufacturer.
D.Apublicorganization.
9.Whichsubjectdoesthestudentsayshewasgoodat?
A.Computerprogramming.
B.Artanddesign.
C.Electronics.
D.Mathematics.
10.StudyinginanEnglish-speakingcountryisaveryeffectivewaytolearnEnglish.
A.TrueB.Fasle
11.Whatwilltheclassdonow?
A.Hearanotherreport.
B.DiscussoneofEmilyDickinson'spoems.
C.Hearalecturegivenbytheteacher.
D.Discusspoemstheyhavewrittenthemselves.
12.PartA
Directions:Youwillhearatalk.Asyoulisten,answerQuestions1-10bycirclingTRUEorFALSE.YouwillhearthetalkONLYONCE.Younowhave1minutetoreadQuestions1-10.
聽力原文:Hello,everyone.TodayIwillintroduceyouthelearningchainsinBritain.Herethechainsrefertoschoolslinkedtogetheraspartofagroup.Theycanofferstudentsmanypracticaladvantages.
Whenpeopleareaskedtonamealanguageschool,moreoftenthannot.theythinkofoneofthelargeinternationalchainsofschools.Somearevastlanguageteachingorganizationswithschoolsinmanydifferentcountriesandmayteachjustonelanguage.
Oneofthemainstrengthsofthesechainsisthefactthattheirnameisfamiliartopeopleallovertheworld.Thiscanbeabigadvantageintheconfusingworldoflanguagelearning.Moststudentsarebewilderedbythelargechoiceofschoolsandcoursesonoffer.bothathomeandabroad.a(chǎn)ndsomanyprefertochooseaschoolwhichhasafamiliarnameandanestablishedreputation.Chainschoolsknowthis,andpartoftheirsuccessisduetoeffectivemarketingandadvertising,whichhelpstokeeptheirnamewell-known.
Butchainschoolsshouldnotbedismissedbyseriousstudentsjustbecausetheyuseclevermarketingtechniques.Theyhaveotherimportantstrengthenswhichcanprovideadvantagestostudents.Aschoolisonlyasgoodasitsteachersandfacilities,andmanychainsofferveryhighstandardsinboth.Morechainsrequirethattheirteachershaveinternationallyrecognizedqualificationsandamaximumamountofteachingexperience.Itisimportantforchainstomaintainthesestandardsatallschools.becausethereputationofthewholechaincanbeaffectedifoneschoolperformsbadly.
Studentsalsobenefitfromthestandardizedstructureofchains.Mostchainsusethesametextbooksinalltheirschools.a(chǎn)ndoftentheyproducetheirowncourseworkmaterials.Theyalsoorganizetheircoursesinthesamewaywhichmeansthatstartingdatesandcourselengthsareusuallythesameatallschools.
Forstudents,oneofthemainadvantagesofthisstandardizedstructureissimplicity.IfyoucannotdecidewhethertostudyintheU.S.orBritain.forexample,mostchainsallowstudentstostarttheirlanguagecourseatoneschoolandcontinueatanother,sotheycanexperiencedifferentregionsordifferentcountries,aspartofthesamestudytrip.
Chainschoolstendtobelargerthansinglecenterschools,whichcanalsohaveadvantagesforstudents.Withlargernumbersofstudents.schooladministratorscanachieveabettermixtureofnationalitiesinclassrooms.Thismeansthatstudentscanavoidbeingwithotherstudentswhospeaktheirlanguage.Thisgivesthemthechancetomeetstudentsfromothercountries,andtopracticetheirEnglishwiththem.
Somechainsofferstudentsaverysimplebookingandenrolmentprocedurewhichisalsouseful.Applicationformsandenrolmentproceduresarethesameforallschools,sostudentsneedonlysupplytheirdetailsonce.Studentsmayfindthattheycanbooktheircourseabroadthrougharepresentativeofachainschoolintheirowntownorcity.Otherchainsofferacentralizedbookingfacility,sostudentsonlyhavetocontactonecentertomakeabookinganywhereintheworld.
Chainschoolsoftenoperateindifferentlocations,whereasasingleschoolislikelytobebasedpermanentlyinonebuilding.Manychainschoolsoperatetemporaryschools,particularlyduringthesummerholidays.InBritain,theyoftenusesecondaryschoolpremiseswhichareemptyduringtheschoolholidays.
StudyingEnglishinanEnglish-speakingcountryisthemosteffectivewaytolearnthelanguage,butformanystudentsthisisonlyonestageoftheirlearningcareer.MoststudentsstartlearningEnglishintheirowncountryandtheywillprobablywanttocontinuelearningoncetheyreturnfrom
A.RightB.Wrong
13.WhatistheeffectoftheWomen'sMovement?
14.Studentscanenjoyasimplebookingandenrolmentprocedureinsomechains.
A.TrueB.Fasle
15.Whatwasthediscussiontopicofthepreviousclassmeeting?
A.NewEnglandmysterystories.
B.Eighteenth-centuryEnglishcriticism.
C.AcomparisonofpoemsofDickinsonandWhitman.
D.ThepoemsofWaltWhitman.
二、2.UseofEnglish(10題)16.(38)
17.
【C16】
18.
【C8】
19.
【C7】
20.(49)
21.
【C4】
22.
【C3】
23.(45)
24.(34)
25.(32)
三、3.ReadingComprehension(15題)26.(74)
27.
Themainpointofthepassageisthatspecialprotectivelaborlawsforwomenworkersare______.
A.unnecessarybecausemostworkersarewellprotectedbyexistinglaborlaws
B.harmfultotheeconomicinterestsofwomenworkerswhileofferingthemlittleornoactualprotection
C.notworthpreservingeventhoughtheydorepresentahardwonlegacyofthe1abormovement
D.controversialbecausemaleworkersreceivelessprotectionthantheyrequire
28.(75)
29.PartC
Directions:Answerquestions71-80byreferringtothefollowinggames.
Note:AnswereachquestionbychoosingA,BorCandmarkitonANSWERSHEET1.Somechoicesmayberequiredmorethanonce.
Answerquestions71~80byreferringtothefollowinggames.
Note:AnswereachquestionbychoosingA,B,CorD.Somechoicesmayberequiredmorethanonce.
A=HydropowerB=NuclearpowerC=SolarpowerD=Windpower
Whichpower(power's)…
A
Hydropower
Introduction
Wehaveusedrunningwaterasanenergysourceforthousandsofyears,mainlytogrindcom.
ThefirsthouseintheworldtobelitbyhydroelectricitywasCragsideHouse,inNorthumberland,England,in1878.In1882ontheFoxRiver,intheUSA,hydroelectricityproducedenoughpowertolighttwopapermillsandahouse.
Nowadaystherearemanyhydro-electricpowerstations,providingaround20%oftheworld'selectricity.Thenamecomesfrom“hydro”,theGreekwordforwater.
Howitworks
Adamisbuilttotrapwater,usuallyinavalleywherethereisanexistinglake.
Waterisallowedtoflowthroughtunnelsinthedam,toturnturbinesandthusdrivegenerators.
Advantages
Oncethedamisbuilt,theenergyisvirtuallyfree.
Nowasteorpollutionproduced.
Muchmorereliablethanwind,solarorwavepower.
Watercanbestoredabovethedamreadytocopewithpeaksindemand.
Hydro-electricpowerstationscanincreasetofullpowerveryquickly,unlikeotherpowerstations.
Disadvantages
Thedamsareveryexpensivetobuild.
Buildingalargedamwillfloodaverylargeareaupstream,causingproblemsforanimalsthatusedtolivethere.
Findingasuitablesitecanbedifficult--theimpactonresidentsandtheenvironmentmaybeunacceptable.
Waterqualityandquantitydownstreamcanbeaffected,whichcanhaveanimpactonplantlife.
Isitrenewable?
Hydro-electricpowerisrenewable.
TheSunprovidesthewaterbyevaporationfromthesea,andwillkeepondoingso.
B
Nuclearpower
Introduction
NuclearpowerisgeneratedusingUranium,whichisametalminedinvariouspartsoftheworld.
Thefirstlarge-scalenuclearpowerstationopenedatCalderHallinCambria,England,in1956.
Somemilitaryshipsandsubmarineshavenuclearpowerplantsforengines.
Howitworks
Nuclearpowerstationsworkinprettymuchthesamewayasfossilfuel-burningstations,exceptthata“chainreaction”insideanuclearreactormakestheheatinstead.
ThereactorusesUraniumrodsasfuel,andtheheatisgeneratedbynuclearfission.Neutronssmashintothenucleusoftheuraniumatoms,whichsplitroughlyinhalfandreleaseenergyintheform.ofheat.
Carbondioxidegasispumpedthroughthereactortotaketheheataway,andthehotgasthenheatswatertomakesteam.
Advantages
Nuclearpowercostsaboutthesameascoal,soit'snotexpensivetomake.
Doesnotproducesmokeorcarbondioxide,soitdoesnotcontributetothegreenhouseeffect.
Produceshugeamountsofenergyfromsmallamountsoffuel.
Producessmallamountsofwaste.
Disadvantages
Althoughnotmuchwasteisproduced,itisvery,verydangerous.
Itmustbesealedupandburiedformanyyearstoallowtheradioactivitytodieaway.
Nuclearpowerisreliable,butalotofmoneyhastobespentonsafety.
Isitrenewable?
Nuclearenergyfrom
30.(79)
31.(73)
32.
Attheendofthepassagetheauthorproposesmoreworkon______.
A.thebrainstructureasawhole
B.thefunctioningofpartofthebrain
C.thedistinctionbetweenthesexes
D.theeffectsofthecorpuscallosum
33.(69)
34.
Privacystandardsmadebyindividualstatesareineffectivebecause______.
A.thestandardsofdifferentstatescontradicteachother
B.onlinecommunicationisnotrestrictedtoanystate
C.thesestandardsignorethefederallawonthematter
D.thesestandardsareonlyapplicabletoregionalwebsites
35.(72)
36.PartA
Directions:ReadthefollowingtextsandanswerthequestionswhichaccompanythembychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.
TheStoneage,theIronage.Entireepochshavebeennamedformaterials.Sowhattonamethedecadesahead?Thechoicewillbetough.Welcometotheageofsuperstuff.Materialscience--oncetheleastsexytechnology—isburstingwithnew,practicaldiscoveriesledbysuperconductingceramicsthatmayrevolutionizeelectronics.Butsuperconductorsarejustpartofthepicture:fromhousesandcarstocookpotsandartificialteeth,theworldwillsometimebemadeofdifferentstuff.Exoticplastics,glassandceramicswillshapethefuturejustassurelyashavegeneticengineeringandcomputerscience.
Thekeytothenewmaterialsisresearchers'increasingabilitytomanipulatesubstancesatthemolecularlevel.Ceramics,forinstance,havelongbeenlimitedbytheirbrittleness.Butbyminimizingthemicroscopicimperfectionsthatcauseit,scientistsaremakingfarstrongerceramicsthatstillretainsuchqualifiesashardnessandheatresistance.FordMotorCo.nowusesceramictoolstocutsteel.AfirmcalledKyocerahascreatedalineofceramicscissorsandknivesthatstaysharpforyearsandneverrustorcorrode.
Asimilartransformationhasovertakenplastics.High-strengthpolymersnowform.bridges,iceskatingrinksandhelicopterrotors.Andonenewplasticthatgenerateselectricitywhenvibratedorpushedisusedinelectricguitars,touchsensorsforrobothandsandkaratejacketsthatautomaticallyrecordeachpunchandchop.Evenplasticlitter,whichoncethreatenedtopermanentlyblotthelandscape,hasprovedamenabletomoleculartinkering.Severalmanufacturersnowmakebiodegradableforms;someplasticsix-packringsforexample,graduallydecomposewhenexposedtosunlight.Researchersaredevelopingwaystomakeplasticsasrecyclableasmetalorglass.What'smore,composites—plasticreinforcedwithfibresofgraphiteorothercompounds--madetheround-the-worldflightofthevoyagerpossibleandhaveevenbeenprovedincombat:ahelmetsavedaninfantryman'slifebydeflectingtwobulletsintheGrenadainvasion.
Someadvancedmaterialsareoldstandardwithanewtwist.Thenewestfiberopticcablesthatcarrytelephonecallscross-countryaremadeofglasssotransparentthatapieceof100milesthickisclearerthanastandardwindowpane.
Butnewmaterialshavenoimpactuntiltheyaremadeintoproducts.Andthattransitioncouldprovedifficult,forswitchingrequireslengthyresearchandinvestment.Itcanbesaidafirmerhandleonhowtomovetocommercializationwilldeterminethesuccessorfailureofacountryinthecomingfuture.
Howmanynewmaterialsarementionedinthispassage?
A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.
37.
Theeffectsofalmostuniversalemploymentwereoverwhelminginthat_______.
A.thehouseholdandvillagecommunitydisappearedcompletely
B.mennowtravelledenormousdistancestotheirplacesofwork
C.youngandoldpeoplebecamesuperfluouscomponentsofsociety
D.theworkstatusofthosenotinpaidemploymentsuffered
38.
Theauthorimpliesthatwhichofthefollowingischaracteristicofmanyemployeehealthinsuranceplans?
A.Theycoverallthecommonmedicalconditionsaffectingmen,butonlysomeofthoseaffectingwomen.
B.Theylackthespecialprovisionsforwomenworkersthatproposedspeciallaborlawsforwomenwouldprovide.
C.Theypaythemedicalcostsassociatedwithpregnancyandchildbirthonlyforthespousesofmaleemployees,notforfemaleemployees.
D.Theymeetminimumlegalrequirements,butdonotadequatelysafeguardthehealthofeithermaleorfemaleemployees.
39.ShortagesoffluvaccinearenothingnewinAmerica,butthisyear'sisawhopper.Untillastweek,itappearedthat100millionAmericanswouldhaveaccesstoflushotsthisfall.ThenBritishauthorities,concernedaboutquality-controlproblemsataproductionplantinLiverpool,barredallfurthershipmentsbytheChironCorp.Overnight,theU.S.vaccinesupplydwindledbynearlyhalfandfederalhealthofficialsfoundthemselvesmakinganunusualplea.Insteadofbeseechingusalltogetvaccinated,they'renowurgingmosthealthypeoplebetweentheagesof2and64notto."Thisreemphasizesthefragilityofourvaccinesupply,"saysDr.MartinMyersoftheNationalNetworkforImmunizationInformation,"andthelackofredundancyinoursystem."
Whyissuchabasichealthservicesoeasilyknockedout?Mainlybecauseprivatecompanieshavehadlittleincentivetopursueit.Tocreateasingledoseoffluvaccine,amanufacturerhastogrowlivevirusina2-week-oldfertilizedchickenegg,thencracktheegg,harvestthevirusandextracttheproteinsusedtoprovokeanimmuneresponse.Profitmarginsarenarrow,demandisfickleand,becauseeachyear'sfluvirusisdifferent,anyleftovervaccinegoestowaste.Asaresult,theUnitedStatesnowhasonlytwomajorsuppliers(ChironandAventisPasteur)--andwhenoneofthemrunsintotrouble,thereisn'tmuchtheothercandoaboutit."Avaccinemakercan'tjustcallupandorder40millionmorefertilizedeggs,"saysManonCox,ofConnecticut-basedProteinSciencesCorp."There'sawholeindustrythat'sscheduledtoproduceacertainnumberofeggsatacertaintime."
Sleekertechnologiesarenowintheworks,andexpertsarehopingthatthisyear'sfiascowillspeedthepaceofinnovation.Themainchallengeistoshiftproductionfromeggsintocellcultures--amediumalreadyusedtomakemostothervaccines.Fluvaccinesareharderthanmosttoproducethisway,butseveralbiotechcompaniesarenowpursuingthisstrategy,andoneculture-basedproduct(SolvayPharmaceuticals'Invivac)hasbeenclearedformarketinginEurope.
ForAmericans,theimmediatechallengeistomakethemostofalimitedsupply.Thegovernmentestimatesthat95millionpeoplestillqualifyforshotsunderthevoluntaryrestrictionsannouncedlastweek.That'snearlytwicethenumberofdosesthatclinicswillhaveonhand,butonly60millionAmericansseekoutshotsinanormalyear.Infact,manyexpertsarehopingtheshortagewillserveasanawarenesscampaign--encouragingthepeoplewhoreallyneedaflushottogetone.
Shortagesoffluevaccineshowthat______.
A.Americareliestoomuchonforeignsuppliers
B.thedemandoffluevaccinesishighthisyear
C.qualityproblemisaseriousprobleminfluvaccineproduction
D.thesupplyoffluvaccinesisratherweakandAmericahasnoback-upmeasurestomakeitup
40.
Accordingtothepassage,theteensinVillageGreencanbecalled______.
A.depressedgeneration
B.coolgeneration
C.attractivegeneration
D.prosperousgeneration
四、閱讀理解(5題)41.
第
32
題
Onthewaytoschool,Cosgrove_________.
42.
第
45
題
representsthetensionrelationbetweenAmericaandFrance?__________
43.
第
33
題
TheviewsofVasariandHomeonBotticelli’sproductsare__________.
44.
根據(jù)下列文章回答36~40題:
第
36
題
Accordingtosomedoctorsandpoliticians,theamountofsaltconsumed__________.
45.
第
48
題
Whatadvantagewilltherebeifonebuyslifeinsuranceinsteadofmakingotherinvestments?
參考答案
1.B
2.highlysubjectiveway
3.Sixmonths.
4.Racialequality.
5.Manyweeks
6.Howpeoplebehave
7.A
8.B
9.D
10.A
11.B
12.B
13.Male-and-femalerelationshipchanged.
14.A
15.D
16.creativitycreativity解析:本文是在講述報酬、表揚(yáng)與創(chuàng)造性的關(guān)系,此句意為“但是小心地使用小量的金錢報酬能激起分級學(xué)校孩子們的…”顯然,空處應(yīng)填“創(chuàng)造性”。
17.takestakes解析:要注意時態(tài),這里意為“占據(jù)”,所以所以此處應(yīng)填“takes”。
18.whichwhich解析:由37題解析可知此空應(yīng)為一個引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞,即which,其后的定語修飾“several(typesofcontamination)”。
19.dodo解析:解析見上題,為了避免與前面的know重復(fù),這里可以換做do。故答案為do。
20.complycomply解析:此處句意為“他們會很懊惱的服從”,表示服從,遵從的短語是complywith。所以此處應(yīng)填“comply”。
21.thatthat解析:此空后的內(nèi)容為maintain的內(nèi)容,即此空后的句子為maintain的賓語,應(yīng)填一個可引導(dǎo)賓語從句的詞。
22.betweenbetween解析:“…relation…actionsandtheirconsequences”意為“…行動和它們的結(jié)果…關(guān)系”,空處顯然缺“之間”。
23.disposedispose解析:由前一句“但是這個問題因為我們的“一次性”技術(shù)而加劇了。”可知,此處應(yīng)為“丟掉,扔掉”之意,即disposeof。
24.threatenthreaten解析:由33題解析可以知道此空一定為“威脅”之意。
25.tastetaste解析:本句意為“我們看得見它,聞得見它,…它,喝它,而且在它中間掙扎?!庇沙WR可知,此空處只有一個“嘗”較合適。
26.C解析:由C中的第一段“Thecityisnowthelargestindustrialcityinthecountry.”可知答案為C。
27.B解析:根據(jù)第三段和第四段的論述,我們可以得知作者的總體看法,即特別的勞工防護(hù)法并沒有保護(hù)婦女的權(quán)益,故B項正確。A項與作者的觀點(diǎn)明顯相悖,所以不正確。C項從文中不能推知,故不正確。文中沒有提到男性工人的保護(hù)問題,故D項也不正確。
28.C解析:由C中的第二段“ThispartrepresentsthetensionsbetweenAmericaandFrance.”可知。
29.C解析:由C中的howitworks中的第一條“Thiswasoriginallydevelopedinordertoprovideelectricityforsatellites,…”可知答案為C。
30.C解析:由C中的howitworks中的第二條“Thismeansyoudon'tneed
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