廣西名校協(xié)作體2022-2023學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期4月月考英語(yǔ)試題（含答案解析）

第1頁(yè)/共1頁(yè)高三（4月）聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)本試卷共8頁(yè)，共150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。注意事項(xiàng)：1．答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫清楚，將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在條形碼區(qū)域內(nèi)。2．選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂；非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書寫，字體工整、筆跡清楚。3．請(qǐng)按照題號(hào)順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無(wú)效；在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無(wú)效。4．保持卡面整潔，不要折疊，不要弄破、弄皺，不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Howlongdidittakethemantogettothecompanytoday?A.Fifteenminutes.B.Forty-fiveminutes.C.Anhour.2.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Togetahaircut.B.Todosomeshopping.C.Toattendaparty.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Vegetables.B.Flowers.C.Fruits.4.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Thefactoryshouldn'tbebuilt.B.Theenvironmenthereisgood.C.Theseasideispolluted.5.Whatcausestheman'sheadacheinthewoman'sopinion?A.Toolittlesleep.B.Somemedicine.C.Thesunlight.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題；每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhydidthemangotoAustralia?A.Tovisithisbrother.B.Toescapethesummerheat.C.ToseetheSydneyOperaHouse.7.WhatdidthemandressedasSantaClausdo?A.Hewentforawalk.B.Hewentsurfing.C.HeateChristmasdinneronthebeach.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whydoesthewomanwanttogohome?A.Sheisn'tfeelingwell.B.Sheneedstogetsomethingtoeat.C.Shedoesn'twanttoattendthemeeting.9.Whatwillthemandoforthewoman?A.Drivehertohospital.B.Askforasickleaveforher.C.Workonherprojectforher.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhoisAerosmith?A.Aseller.B.Awriter.C.Aband.11.HowisthenewCD?A.Good.B.Bad.C.Half-half.12.Howmuchwilltheticketcostatleast?A.13dollars.B.25dollars.C.30dollars.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Wherearethespeakersnow?A.Atthegraduateschoollibrary.B.Atthemainlibrary.C.Atabookstore.14.Whatdoesthemanwant?A.Journals.B.Videos.C.Newspapers.15.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemandoonthecomputers?A.Writeoutalistofbooks.B.Searchbyauthor.C.Checksomepictures.16.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutoutsidebooks?A.Theyneedtobetyped.B.Theycannotbecheckedout.C.They'reallfromotheruniversities.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatpartofworkdoesthespeakerdoonhisown?AThinkingofstories.B.Developingprograms.C.Writingdialogues.18.Whatdidthespeakerplantobe?A.Aviolinist.B.Abasketballplayer.C.Ajournalist.19.Whendidthespeakerdecidetoworkinthevideogameindustry?AAfterhurtinghishand.B.Afterleavinguniversity.C.Whilestudyinginafilmschool.20.Whatdoesthespeakerlovemostabouthisjob?A.Hegetshighsalary.B.Heandhiscolleaguesworkinharmony.C.Hisnewgameshavewonmanyprizes.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（15題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AFourPopularScienceBooksGenerations￡20.00DescriptionGenerationsprovidesaboldnewframeworkforunderstandingthemostdivisiveissuesragingtoday:fromculturewarstoclimatechangeandmentalhealthtohousing.Includingdatafromallovertheglobe,andwithpowerfulimplicationsforhumanity’sfuture,thisbig-thinkingbookwilltransformhowyouviewtheworld.Mustn’tGrumble￡14.99DescriptionAfascinatingbookaboutagreatnumberofsmallillnessesthathumanslivewitheverydayoftheyear,andwhatwecanlearnaboutthemfromSeniorStaffWriteratNewScientist,GrahamLawton.Thisbookisnotaboutwhathappenswhenwe’reillwithsomethingserioustosendustothedoctororlieinbed.Instead,itfocusesonmanyofsmall,boringillnesses,achesandpainswithwhichwealwaysputupwith.Eureka￡14.99DescriptionNewScientisthasbeenatreasure-houseoffascinatingandsurprisingquestionsandanswersforoveradecade.Fromhowtomeasurethespeedoflightusingchocolate,towhydogshowlatsirens,Eurekabringstogether365amazingquestions,fascinatingfactsandexcitingexperiments.Unthinkable￡10.99DescriptionAward-winningsciencewriterHelenThomsonhasspentyearstravellingtheworldtrackingdownincrediblyrarebraindisorders.InUnthinkableshetellsthestoriesofnineextraordinarypeople.Fromthemanwhothinkshe’satigertothedoctorwhofeelsthepainofothersjustbylookingatthem,theirexperiencesprovehowthebraincanshapeourlivesinunexpectedand,insomecases,brilliantandalarmingways.1.HowdoesthebookMustn’tGrumblebenefityou?A.Improvingyourstudies. B.Involvingyouinscience.C.Helpingyoukeephealthy. D.Teachingyoutocareparents.2.WhatdoesthebookUnthinkablemainlydealwith?A.Worldtravelling. B.Rarediseasesofthebrain.C.Sufferingsfrombraindisease. D.Achievementsofgreatpeople.3.Whichbookmayansweryourscientificpuzzles?A.Eureka. B.Generations.C.Unthinkable. D.Mustn’tGrumble.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四本有關(guān)科學(xué)的書籍：Eureka（匯集了365個(gè)令人驚奇的問(wèn)題）；Mustn’tGrumble（談?wù)撊粘Ｐ〔。籊enerations（代代相傳）和Unthinkable（記述了極其罕見(jiàn)的大腦疾?。??！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二本書Mustn’tGrumble中的“Thisbookisnotaboutwhathappenswhenwe’reillwithsomethingserioustosendustothedoctororlieinbed.Instead,itfocusesonmanyofsmall,boringillnesses,achesandpainswithwhichwealwaysputupwith.(這本書不是關(guān)于當(dāng)我們生了嚴(yán)重的病要去看醫(yī)生或躺在床上的時(shí)候會(huì)發(fā)生什么。相反，它關(guān)注的是許多我們一直忍受的小而無(wú)聊的疾病和疼痛。)”可知，這本書能幫助你保持健康。故選C。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四本書Unthinkable中的第一句“Award-winningsciencewriterHelenThomsonhasspentyearstravellingtheworldtrackingdownincrediblyrarebraindisorders.(屢獲殊榮的科學(xué)作家海倫·湯姆森花了數(shù)年時(shí)間周游世界，追蹤極其罕見(jiàn)的腦部疾病。)”可知，這本書主要講的是罕見(jiàn)的大腦疾病。故選B。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三本書Eureka中的“Fromhowtomeasurethespeedoflightusingchocolate,towhydogshowlatsirens,Eurekabringstogether365amazingquestions,fascinatingfactsandexcitingexperiments.(從如何用巧克力測(cè)量光速，到為什么狗對(duì)著海妖嚎叫，《尤里卡》匯集了365個(gè)驚人的問(wèn)題、迷人的事實(shí)和令人興奮的實(shí)驗(yàn)。)”可知，《尤里卡》可以解答你的科學(xué)難題。故選A。BOnNovember14,Imetanauthorandcivilrightsherowhochangedtheworldattheageofsix.RubyBridgesbecamethefirstBlackstudenttoattendanall-WhiteschoolinNewOrleans,Louisiana,in1960.Thecivilrightshero’scourageisnowrecognizedyearlyonRubyBridgesWalktoSchoolDay.WespokeataschoolinAlameda,California,wherestudentsparticipatedintheeventandalsogotachancetomeetBridges.Iaskedheraboutthespiritbehindtheday,whichincludedmorethan325,000schoolchildrennationwidethisyear.“Therewasafifth-gradeclass,”Bridgesexplained,“andaveryspecialstudentwhowassoconnectedtomystory,shesaid,‘RubyBridgesshouldhaveherownholiday.’”Thatwasin2018.Thestudentswrotetotheirstategovernment.Afterthreeyearsofeffort,RubyBridgesWalktoSchoolwasestablishedintheirhomestateofCalifornia.Bridgeshopesthatitwillbecomenationwide.“Ifitdoes,”sheadded,“Iwantittoreallymeansomething.”Bridgesimagines“adayofdialogue,wherestudentscansitdownandreallytalkabouthowtheycanmakeadifferenceintheworld.”Justonesmallact,likecleaningupaparkorhelpingfeedpeople,sheadded,wouldbemeaningful.WealsotalkedaboutIAmRubyBridges,herlatestbook.IaskedBridgeshowitdiffersfromotherstoriesshehaswritten.“Whatalotofpeopledon'tknowisthatIhaveasenseofhumor,”Bridgessaid.“SoIthought,I’mgoingtowritethisparticularversionofmystory,whenIwassix,andhowfunnymythoughtswere.”Morethan60yearsago,Bridgeschangedtheworldwithherwalkintoanall-Whiteschool.Herquestforsocialjusticecontinues.“IwillbridgethegapbetweenBlackandWhite,”shesaid,“andhopefullybetweenallpeople.”Studentstodayarehopingtofollowinherfootsteps.4.WhydidBridges’attendingschoolchangetheworld?A.Itwasamilestone. B.Itwasdifficulttodo.C.Itimprovededucation. D.Itwasherfirsttimetoschool.5.Whatdoweknowaboutthespecialstudent?A.Shewaslaughedatbyothers. B.SheenjoyedspendingholidaysC.Shefoughtforfreeeducation. D.Shesuggestedcreatingafestival.6.WhichwordbestdescribesBridges’newbook?A.Moving. B.Exciting. C.Attractive. D.Amusing.7.WhatcanbeinferredfromBridges’wordsinthelastparagraph?A.Shechangedtheworldbyhernovels.B.Shehelpedmoreblackchildrenattendschool.C.Shewantshelppeopleunderstandeachother.D.Sheencouragesstudentstocontinuehercause.【答案】4.A5.D6.D7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。主要介紹的是一位6歲時(shí)改變世界的作家和民權(quán)英雄，還專門為她設(shè)立了一個(gè)節(jié)日“RubyBridgesWalktoSchool”，為了紀(jì)念魯比·布里奇斯成為第一個(gè)進(jìn)入路易斯安那州新奧爾良市白人學(xué)校的黑人學(xué)生。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“RubyBridgesbecamethefirstBlackstudenttoattendanall-WhiteschoolinNewOrleans,Louisiana,in1960.(1960年，魯比·布里奇斯成為路易斯安那州新奧爾良一所白人學(xué)校的第一個(gè)黑人學(xué)生。)”可知，1960年，魯比·布里奇斯成為第一個(gè)進(jìn)入路易斯安那州新奧爾良市白人學(xué)校的黑人學(xué)生，這是個(gè)里程碑似的事件。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的““Therewasafifth-gradeclass,”Bridgesexplained,“andaveryspecialstudentwhowassoconnectedtomystory,shesaid,‘RubyBridgesshouldhaveherownholiday.’”(“有一個(gè)五年級(jí)的班級(jí)，”布里奇斯解釋說(shuō)，“有一個(gè)非常特別的學(xué)生，她對(duì)我的故事非常感興趣，她說(shuō)，‘魯比·布里奇斯應(yīng)該有自己的假期。’”)”可知，這個(gè)特殊的學(xué)生說(shuō)“魯比·布里奇斯應(yīng)該有自己的假期?！奔此ㄗh設(shè)立一個(gè)節(jié)日。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段““Whatalotofpeopledon’tknowisthatIhaveasenseofhumor,”Bridgessaid.“SoIthought,I’mgoingtowritethisparticularversionofmystory,whenIwassix,andhowfunnymythoughtswere.”(布里奇斯說(shuō):“很多人不知道是，我有幽默感?！八晕蚁?，我要寫這個(gè)特別版本的故事，當(dāng)我六歲的時(shí)候，我的想法是多么有趣?！?”可知，布里奇斯說(shuō)很多人不知道她的幽默感，所以決定寫一個(gè)關(guān)于自己故事的特殊版本，由此可推斷，她的新書應(yīng)該是很有樂(lè)趣的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的““IwillbridgethegapbetweenBlackandWhite,”shesaid,“andhopefullybetweenallpeople.”(“我會(huì)彌合黑人和白人之間的隔閡，”她說(shuō)，“希望能彌合所有人之間的隔閡?！?”可知，她要幫助彌合黑人與白人之間的間隙，還希望彌合所有人之間的隔閡，由此可推斷，她想幫助人們相互理解。故選C項(xiàng)。CMoreinvestorsaresupportingabiotechnologycompanyworkingonwaystobringbackanimalsthathavediedoff.Somescientists,however,aredoubtfulsuchresearcheffortsarepossible-orevenagoodidea.ColossalBiosciencesfirstproclaimeditsplantobringbackahairyancestoroftoday'selephants,knownasthewoollymammoth,twoyearsago.Recently,thecompanysaiditwantedtobringbackthedodobird:alarge,flightlessbird.Thedodoisasymbolofman-madeextinction.Thelastdodowaskilledin1681ontheIndianOceanislandofMauritius.Thepossibilityofbringingthedodobackisnotexpectedtodirectlymakemoney.Butthegenetictoolsandequipmentthatthecompanydevelopstotrytodoitmayhaveotheruses,includingforhumanhealthcare.Thedodo'sclosestlivingrelativeistheNicobarpigeon,saidBethShapiro,ascientificadvisorwiththebiosciencecompany.Shehasbeenstudyingthedodofor20years.SheisaprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia.Shapiro'steamplanstostudyDNAdifferencesbetweentheNicobarpigeonandthedodotounderstand“whatarethegenesthatreallymakeadodoadodo,”shesaid.TheteammaythenattempttochangeNicobarpigeoncellstomakethemseemlikedodocells.Itmaybepossibletoputthechangedcellsintodevelopingeggsofotherbirds,suchaspigeonsorchickens.Thenthebirdsmightcreateyoungthatcouldnaturallyproducedodoeggs,saidShapiro.Theideaisnotyetfullydeveloped.Shapirosaidanimalsareaproductofboththeirgeneticsandtheirenvironment-whichhaschangedalotsincethe1600s.Sheadded,“it'snotpossibletorecreatea100%identicalcopyofsomethingthat'sgone.”O(jiān)therscientistswonderifitisevenagoodideatoattempttorecreatespeciesthathavediedoff.Theyquestionwhethersucheffortstakeattentionandmoneyawayfromattemptstosavelivingspecies.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“proclaimed"meaninparagraph2?A.Praised. B.Ignored. C.Suspected. D.Announced.9.Whatmaybringfortunetothecompany?A.Reborndodobirds. B.Inventionsinthestudy.C.Donationsfromthepublic. D.Researchinextinctanimals.10.Whatisparagraph6mainlyabout?A.Thetheoryofrecreatingthedodo. B.Theclosestlivingrelativeofthedodo.C.Thedifficultyofbringingbackthedodo. D.Thepossibilityoftherebirthofthedodo.11.Whatistheattitudeofotherscientiststowardsrecreatingthedodo?A.Critical. B.Favorable. C.Doubtful. D.Cautious.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述的是美國(guó)公司打算讓渡渡鳥復(fù)活。越來(lái)越多的投資者正在支持一家生物技術(shù)公司，該公司致力于讓已經(jīng)死亡的動(dòng)物復(fù)活。【詳解】1.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“ColossalBiosciencesfirstproclaimeditsplantobringbackahairyancestoroftoday'selephants,knownasthewoollymammoth,twoyearsago.（兩年前，巨型生物科學(xué)公司(ColossalBiosciences)首次proclaimed計(jì)劃將當(dāng)今大象的一種多毛祖先——長(zhǎng)毛象——帶回地球。）”可知，這是巨型生物科學(xué)公司（ColossalBiosciences）首次宣布一個(gè)計(jì)劃。此處proclaimed的意思是“宣布”，與announced是同義詞。故選D。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Thepossibilityofbringingthedodobackisnotexpectedtodirectlymakemoney.Butthegenetictoolsandequipmentthatthecompanydevelopstotrytodoitmayhaveotheruses,includingforhumanhealthcare.（讓渡渡鳥復(fù)活的可能性預(yù)計(jì)不會(huì)直接賺錢。但該公司開發(fā)的基因工具和設(shè)備可能有其他用途，包括用于人類保健。）”可知，研究中的發(fā)明為公司帶來(lái)財(cái)富。故選B。3.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第六段“Shapiro'steamplanstostudyDNAdifferencesbetweentheNicobarpigeonandthedodotounderstand“whatarethegenesthatreallymakeadodoadodo,”shesaid.TheteammaythenattempttochangeNicobarpigeoncellstomakethemseemlikedodocells.Itmaybepossibletoputthechangedcellsintodevelopingeggsofotherbirds,suchaspigeonsorchickens.Thenthebirdsmightcreateyoungthatcouldnaturallyproducedodoeggs,saidShapiro.Theideaisnotyetfullydeveloped.（夏皮羅的團(tuán)隊(duì)計(jì)劃研究尼科巴鴿子和渡渡鳥之間的DNA差異，以了解“是什么基因真正使渡渡鳥成為渡渡鳥，”她說(shuō)。然后，研究小組可能會(huì)嘗試改變尼科巴鴿的細(xì)胞，使它們看起來(lái)像渡渡鳥細(xì)胞。有可能將這種改變后的細(xì)胞植入其他鳥類的卵中，比如鴿子或雞。夏皮羅說(shuō)，然后這些鳥可能會(huì)生育出可以自然產(chǎn)生渡渡鳥蛋的幼鳥。這個(gè)想法還沒(méi)有完全發(fā)展。）”可知，本段主要講述了再造渡渡鳥的原理。故選A。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Otherscientistswonderifitisevenagoodideatoattempttorecreatespeciesthathavediedoff.Theyquestionwhethersucheffortstakeattentionandmoneyawayfromattemptstosavelivingspecies.（其他科學(xué)家甚至懷疑嘗試重新創(chuàng)造已經(jīng)滅絕的物種是否是一個(gè)好主意。他們質(zhì)疑這樣的努力是否會(huì)分散人們對(duì)拯救現(xiàn)存物種的注意力和資金。）”可知，其他科學(xué)家對(duì)此持懷疑態(tài)度。故選C。DScientistssaidthisweekthattheyusedahigh-poweredlaser(激光)tochangethedirectionoflightningstrikesforthefirsttime.ThelaserwasaimedattheskyatopMountSantisinnortheasternSwitzerland.Lightningisapowerfulelectricaldischargebetweenacloudandtheground,withinacloudorbetweenclouds.Itkillsthousandsofpeopleandcausesbillionsofdollarsofdamagetocommunicationsystems,powerlines,andequipmenteachyear.AmericaninventorBenjaminFranklinfirstinventedthelightningrod(避雷針)inthe1750s.Thattechnologyisstillusedtodaybutcanprotectonlyasmallarea.Scientistssaythenewdevice,calledLaserLightningRod(LLR),couldincreaseprotectionbyextendingtheheightofrodshundredsofmeters.Withfurtherdevelopment,LLRcouldimproveprotectionforimportantplacessuchaspowerstationsandairports.WorkersbroughttheequipmenttothetopofMountSantisat2,500metersbyhelicopter.Thelaseristhesizeofalargecarandweighsmorethan2,700kilograms.Itwasaimedattheskyabovea124-meterSwisscomtelecommunicationstower,oneofEurope'sstructuresmostaffectedbylightning.Thelaserworksbycreatingabeamofelectricallychargedparticlescalledions(離子).Theionsattractlightning,justasametallightningroddoes.Inexperimentsduringthesummerof2021,theLLRsentstronglaserpulses1000timespersecond.Thelaserredirectedallfourlightningstrikesthathappenedduringthelaser’soperation.Scientistssaidthat10to15yearsmoreworkwouldbeneededbeforetheLaserLightningRodcanentercommonuse.Oneworryisavoidingairplanesinflight.Infact,airtrafficintheareawasstoppedwhentheresearchersusedthelaser.“Indeed,thereisapotentialproblemusingthesystemwithairtrafficintheareabecausethelasercouldharmtheeyesofthepilotifhecrossesthelaserbeamandlooksdown,”scientistssaid.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthelightningrod?A.Itisnotsafeenough. B.Itisbehindthetimes.C.Itcannotmovearound. D.Itworksonasmallzone.13Whatdidtheauthortellusinparagraph5?A.Itisinconvenienttofix. B.ThedifficultyintransportingLLR.C.ThepositionwhereLLRwasfixed. D.ThesuccessfulexperimentofLLR.14.What’stheproblemwiththeLaserLightningRod?A.Itisinconvenienttofix. B.Itaffectsaircraftflight.C.It'shardtoputintopractice. D.Itcoststoomuchtimetostudy.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.UsingLasertoRedirectLightningStrikesB.RiddingLightningThreatinImportantAreasC.RealizingGreatHarmCausedbyLightningD.ImprovingTraditionalLightningPrevention【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹科學(xué)家表示，他們首次使用高能激光改變了閃電的方向，但這款名叫LaserLightningRod在實(shí)際應(yīng)用前還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“Thattechnologyisstillusedtodaybutcanprotectonlyasmallarea.(這項(xiàng)技術(shù)至今仍在使用，但只能保護(hù)一小塊區(qū)域)”可知，避雷針只能保護(hù)一小塊區(qū)域。故選D。【13題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段的第一句“WorkersbroughttheequipmenttothetopofMountSantisat2,500metersbyhelicopter.(工人們用直升機(jī)將設(shè)備帶到2500米高的桑蒂斯山頂)”及本段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要介紹LLR固定的位置。故選C?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Oneworryisavoidingairplanesinflight.Infact,airtrafficintheareawasstoppedwhentheresearchersusedthelaser.(一個(gè)擔(dān)心是避開飛行的飛機(jī)。事實(shí)上，當(dāng)實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行時(shí)所在區(qū)域進(jìn)行了空中管制)”可知，激光避雷針影響飛機(jī)飛行。故選B。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Scientistssaidthisweekthattheyusedahigh-poweredlaser(激光)tochangethedirectionoflightningstrikesforthefirsttime.(科學(xué)家本周表示，他們首次使用高能激光改變了閃電的方向)”并結(jié)合全文可知，文章談?wù)摰脑掝}是用激光改變雷擊方向。所以“UsingLasertoRedirectLightningStrikes(用激光改變雷擊方向)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。WhentoStartGrowingSeeds(種子(IndoorsforYourGardenFebruarymarksthehalfwaypointofwinterinthenorthernpartoftheworld.Withspringarrivingsoon,manypeoplearedreamingofworkingintheirgardensonwarm,sunnydays.Somegardenersliketostartthegrowingseasonearly.____16____Itisimportanttoknowwhentostartgrowingyourseedsindoors.Theanswerdependsonwhereyoulive.Gardenersusetheaveragelastcolddateintheirareatohelpthemknowwhentobegingrowingseeds.Afterfindingyourstartdate,itisimportanttorespectit.Ifyoustarttoosoon,plantslikelywillgrowweakandstruggletodowell.Ifyoustarttoolate,yourharvestwillbeputoff.____17____Youcanusethingslikerecycledyogurt(酸奶)oreggcontainers．Eachcontainershouldhaveaholeinthebottomforwatertoflowthrough.Filleachcontainerwithaclean,wet,soillessseed-startingmix.___18___Itdependsontheseedkindandsize.Watertheseedsasneededtokeepthemixfromdryingout.Covertheseedcontainerstightly.Puttheminawarmplaceoutofdirectsunlight.Whenseedlingsfirstappear,removethecoveringandputcontainersbyasunnywindow.Youcanalsoputthemunderspeciallightingdevicescalledgrowlampsfor14hoursaday.____19____Costlylampsarenotnecessary.Ifseveralseedlingscomeupineachcontainer,cuttheweakestatthesoillineusingsmallscissors(剪子)___20___Ifyouletmorethanoneseedlingremain,therootsmaybecomemixedtogether.Theyoungplantsmightnotsurvive.A.Ordinarylightswillwork.B.Placeonetofourseedsineachcontainer.C.Puttheminawarmplaceoutofdirectsunlight.D.Theaimistokeeponlyonestrong-lookingplant.E.Leavethemthereforanhourandthenbringthembackinside.F.Theycandothisbygrowingplantsfromseedinsidetheirhome.G.Whileyouarewaiting,findandprepareyourgrowingcontainers.【答案】16.F17.G18.B19.A20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章討論了什么時(shí)候開始在室內(nèi)為你的花園種植種子。在北半球，二月是冬天過(guò)半的時(shí)候。隨著春天的到來(lái)，許多人都?jí)粝胫跍嘏?、?yáng)光明媚的日子里在花園里勞作。一些園丁喜歡提前開始生長(zhǎng)季節(jié)。他們可以在家里用種子種植植物。【16題詳解】根據(jù)前句“Somegardenersliketostartthegrowingseasonearly.(一些園丁喜歡提前開始生長(zhǎng)季節(jié)。)”可知，一些園丁提前種植，他們?cè)诩依镉梅N子種植植物。所以選擇項(xiàng)F“Theycandothisbygrowingplantsfromseedinsidetheirhome.(他們可以在家里用種子種植植物。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選F。【17題詳解】此處是本段的主題句，根據(jù)后文“Youcanusethingslikerecycledyogurt(酸奶)oreggcontainers.Eachcontainershouldhaveaholeinthebottomforwatertoflowthrough.(你可以使用回收的酸奶或雞蛋容器。每個(gè)容器底部都應(yīng)該有一個(gè)孔，讓水可以流過(guò)。)”可知，本段談?wù)摰氖菧?zhǔn)備容器的內(nèi)容。所以選擇項(xiàng)G“Whileyouarewaiting,findandprepareyourgrowingcontainers.(當(dāng)你等待的時(shí)候，找到并準(zhǔn)備好你的種植容器。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后句“Itdependsontheseedkindandsize.(這取決于種子的種類和大小。)”可知，容器放多少粒種子取決于容器的大小。所以選擇項(xiàng)B“Placeonetofourseedsineachcontainer.(在每個(gè)容器中放入一到四粒種子。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選B?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后句“Costlylampsarenotnecessary.(昂貴的燈具是不必要的。)”可知，普通的燈也可以用。所以選擇項(xiàng)A“Ordinarylightswillwork.(普通的燈也可以。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選A。【20題詳解】根據(jù)句“Ifseveralseedlingscomeupineachcontainer,cuttheweakestatthesoillineusingsmallscissors.(如果每個(gè)容器中長(zhǎng)出了幾棵幼苗，用小剪刀在土壤線處剪掉最弱的一棵。)”可知，此處承接上文，剪掉最弱的幼苗，留下強(qiáng)壯的幼苗。所以選擇項(xiàng)D“Theaimistokeeponlyonestrong-lookingplant.(目的是只保留一株看起來(lái)強(qiáng)壯的植物。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選D。第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Itwasarainy,Decemberday30yearsago.Acoldhungintheairthat___21___youtothebones.ButIwaseven____22____thetemperaturewoulddropafewmoredegreessoatleastitwouldsnow.MywifeandIwere___23___inalineatavolunteerfiredepartmentbuildingwithourtwo-year-olddaughter,Beth.Itwasgoingtobeherfirst-time___24___Santaandmywifehadbroughther____25____alongtocatchthemoment.WhenSanta____26____appearedwithhisbagofgifts,mostoftheotheryoungerchildren___27___infearatthisstrangemanwithabigwhite____28____andredsuit.Mydaughterdidn’t,however.Shewasn’t____29____atall.Ithinkitwasbecausehergrandpahadabeardeven____30____thanSanta’s.Instead,shejumpedupanddownwith____31____inalittlecirclealmostcomingoutofhersnowbootsintheprocess.SeeingherhappinessSanta_____32_____herfirst.“HoHoHo!WhatdoyouwantforChristmas,littlegirl?”heasked.Bethdidn’tsayanything.Shejust_____33_____andgaveSantathebiggesthugintheworld.MywifelaughedandIsmiledseeingthis_____34_____momentofChristmaslove.Andallofthesuddenthatcold,dampfirehouseseemed_____35_____andbright.Orperhapsitwasjustallofusbeingfilledwiththe_____36_____ofChristmasbywatchingmylittlegirl_____37_____herloveanddelight.Thesedaysmylittlegirlis32butI______38______enjoyeverywarm,loving,hugshegivesmeandIstillcarrythatChristmasmomentinmy______39______andmindtowarmmeanytimethisworldseemstoo_______40_______orunwelcoming.21.A.hurt B.froze C.pushed D.comforted22.A.wondering B.realizing C.wishing D.feared23.A.standing B.hesitating C.searching D.talking24.A.admitting B.thanking C.praising D.meeting25.A.bag B.camera C.photo D.gift26.A.finally B.personally C.obviously D.especially27.A.setoff B.watchedout C.camealong D.backedaway28.A.hat B.hair C.beard D.head29.A.moved B.scared C.puzzled D.excited30.A.thicker B.wilder C.prettier D.funnier31.A.eager B.horror C.shock D.joy32.A.approached B.congratulated C.kissed D.encouraged33.A.calmeddown B.gavein C.reachedup D.turnedaround34.A.simple B.unique C.common D.beautiful35.A.lonely B.warm C.bright D.peaceful36.A.taste B.style C.spirit D.change37.A.create B.share C.consider D.ignore38.A.still B.never C.even D.ever39.A.memory B.brain C.hand D.heart40.A.good B.large C.cold D.strange【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.B26.A27.D28.C29.B30.A31.D32.A33.C34.D35.B36.C37.B38.A39.D40.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一個(gè)圣誕時(shí)刻2歲女兒不害怕圣誕老人的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：空氣中彌漫著一股寒氣，把你凍得冷到骨頭。A.hurt傷害；B.froze冷凍；C.pushed推；D.comforted安慰。根據(jù)“Acoldhungintheair”可知，寒氣凍得冷到骨頭。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但我甚至希望氣溫能再降幾度，這樣至少能下雪。A.wondering想知道；B.realizing意識(shí)到；C.wishing希望；D.feared害怕。根據(jù)“soatleastitwouldsnow.”可知，作者希望能下雪，所以希望氣溫能再降幾度。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)時(shí)，我和妻子帶著兩歲的女兒貝絲在一家志愿消防局大樓前排隊(duì)。A.standing站立；B.hesitating猶豫；C.searching尋找；D.talking交談。根據(jù)“inalineatavolunteerfiredepartmentbuildingwithourtwo-year-olddaughter,Beth.”可知，作者和妻子帶著兩歲的女兒貝絲站在一家志愿消防局大樓前排隊(duì)。故選A。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這將是她第一次見(jiàn)到圣誕老人，我妻子帶著相機(jī)來(lái)捕捉這一刻。A.admitting承認(rèn)；B.thanking感謝；C.praising贊揚(yáng)；D.meeting遇到。根據(jù)“Itwasgoingtobeherfirst-time”可知，這將是女兒第一次見(jiàn)到圣誕老人。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這將是她第一次見(jiàn)到圣誕老人，我妻子帶著相機(jī)來(lái)捕捉這一刻。A.bag包；B.camera相機(jī)；C.photo照片；D.gift禮物。根據(jù)“tocatchthemoment.”可知，妻子帶著相機(jī)來(lái)捕捉這一刻。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)圣誕老人終于帶著他的禮物袋出現(xiàn)時(shí)，大多數(shù)年幼的孩子都害怕地向后退，因?yàn)樗麄兛吹搅诉@個(gè)留著大白胡子、穿著紅色衣服的陌生男人。A.finally最終；B.personally就個(gè)人而言；C.obviously顯然地；D.especially特別。根據(jù)“appearedwithhisbagofgifts,”可知，圣誕老人終于帶著他的禮物袋出現(xiàn)了。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)圣誕老人終于帶著他的禮物袋出現(xiàn)時(shí)，大多數(shù)年幼的孩子都害怕地向后退，因?yàn)樗麄兛吹搅诉@個(gè)留著大白胡子、穿著紅色衣服的陌生男人。A.setoff出發(fā)；B.watchedout當(dāng)心；C.camealong一道走；D.backedaway后退。根據(jù)“infearatthisstrangemanwithabigwhite____8____andredsuit.”可知，大多數(shù)年幼的孩子一看到這個(gè)陌生人就害怕地往后退。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)圣誕老人終于帶著他的禮物袋出現(xiàn)時(shí)，大多數(shù)年幼的孩子都害怕地向后退，因?yàn)樗麄兛吹搅诉@個(gè)留著大白胡子、穿著紅色衣服的陌生男人。A.hat帽子；B.hair頭發(fā)；C.beard胡子；D.head頭。根據(jù)“Ithinkitwasbecausehergrandpahadabeardeven___10___thanSanta’s.”和常識(shí)可知，圣誕老人留著大白胡子、穿著紅色衣服故選C?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她一點(diǎn)也不害怕。A.moved感動(dòng)的；B.scared害怕的；C.puzzled困惑的；D.excited激動(dòng)的。根據(jù)“Mydaughterdidn’t,however.”可知，作者女兒一點(diǎn)也不害怕。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我想那是因?yàn)樗隣敔數(shù)暮颖仁フQ老人的還要厚。A.thicker更厚的；B.wilder更野蠻的；C.prettier較美麗的；D.funnier更可笑的。根據(jù)“thanSanta’s.”可知，女兒爺爺?shù)暮颖仁フQ老人的還要厚。故選A。【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，她高興地跳上跳下，在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，她幾乎要跳出她的雪地靴了。A.eager熱切；B.horror恐怖；C.shock震驚；D.joy喜悅、高興。根據(jù)“Instead,shejumpedupanddown”可知，女兒她高興地跳上跳下。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：看到她的快樂(lè)，圣誕老人第一個(gè)走近她。A.approached靠近；B.congratulated慶祝；C.kissed親吻；D.encouraged鼓勵(lì)。根據(jù)“Seeingherhappiness,”可知，圣誕老人第一個(gè)走近女兒。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：她只是伸手給了圣誕老人一個(gè)世界上最大的擁抱。A.calmeddown平靜；B.gavein屈服；C.reachedup伸手；D.turnedaround轉(zhuǎn)身。根據(jù)“andgaveSantathebiggesthugintheworld.”可知，女兒伸手給了圣誕老人一個(gè)擁抱。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：看到這圣誕愛(ài)的美麗時(shí)刻，我的妻子笑了，我也笑了。A.simple簡(jiǎn)單的；B.unique獨(dú)特的；C.common普通的；D.beautiful漂亮的；仁慈的。根據(jù)“momentofChristmaslove.”可知，作者和妻子看到這圣誕愛(ài)的美麗時(shí)刻都笑了。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：突然間，那個(gè)寒冷潮濕的消防站變得溫暖明亮起來(lái)。A.lonely孤獨(dú)的；B.warm溫暖的；C.bright明亮的；D.peaceful和平的。根據(jù)“Andallofthesuddenthatcold,dampfirehouse”可知，那個(gè)寒冷潮濕的消防站變得溫暖明亮起來(lái)。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：也許只是我們所有人都充滿了圣誕節(jié)的精神，看著我的小女兒分享她的愛(ài)和喜悅。A.taste味道；B.style風(fēng)格；C.spirit精神；D.change變化。根據(jù)“ofChristmasbywatchingmylittlegirl____17____herloveanddelight.”可知，也可能只是我們所有人都被圣誕節(jié)的精神充滿了。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：也許只是我們所有人都充滿了圣誕節(jié)的精神，看著我的小女兒分享她的愛(ài)和喜悅。A.create創(chuàng)造；B.share分享；C.consider考慮；D.ignore忽略。根據(jù)“herloveanddelight.”可知，女兒分享她的愛(ài)和喜悅故選B?！?8題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：如今，我的小女兒已經(jīng)32歲了，但我仍然很享受她給我的每一個(gè)溫暖、有愛(ài)的擁抱，每