肌學(xué)總論、頭頸和軀干肌泰山醫(yī)學(xué)院課件

Chapter3Myology肌學(xué)Section1GeneraldescriptionCompositionMusclebelly肌腹Tendon肌腱

aponeurosis腱膜ClassificationLongmuscle長肌Shortmuscle短肌Flatmuscle扁肌Orbicularmuscle

輪匝?、馦orphologyandcompositionofskeletalmusclesⅡOrigin,insertionandactionofskeletalmusclesTendinoussheath

腱鞘FibrouslayerSynoviallayer:Section2MusclesofheadⅠFacialmuscles面肌Epicranius顱頂肌(occipitofrontalis)枕額肌Frontalbelly額腹Occipitalbelly枕腹Galeaaponeurotica帽狀腱膜

Orbicularis

oculi

眼輪匝肌

Buccinator

頰肌

Orbicularis

oris

口輪匝肌帽狀腱膜額腹ⅡMasticatorymusclesMasseter咬肌Origin－inferiorborderandmedialsurfaceofzygomaticarchInsertion－lateralsurfaceoframusofmandibleandangleofmandibleAction－elevatesmandibleTemporalis顳肌Origin－temporalfossaInsertion－coronoidprocessofmandibleAction－elevatesandretractsmandibleMedialpterygoid

翼內(nèi)肌Lateralpterygoid

翼外肌咀嚼肌咀嚼肌Section3MusclesofneckⅠSuperficialgroup

Platysma頸闊肌

Sternocleidomastoid胸鎖乳突?、騍uprahyoidmuscles

Digastric二腹肌Stylohyoid莖突舌骨肌Mylohyoid下頜舌骨肌Geniohyoid頦舌骨肌

Elevate(raise)hyoidboneanddepressmandible.ⅣDeepcervicalmuscles

LateralScalenusanterior前斜角肌Scalenus

medius

中斜角肌Scalenusposterior后斜角肌Scalenefissure斜角肌間隙Action：Mediallongus

capitis

頭長肌

longus

colli

頸長肌Flexthehead,bendstheneckforwardSection4MusclesoftrunkⅠMusclesofback

Trapezius斜方肌Latissimusdorsi背闊肌Erectorspinae豎脊肌

Trapezius斜方肌Origin:superiornuchalline,externaloccipitalprotuberance,ligamentumnuchaeandspinousprocessesofseventhcervicalandallthoracicvertebraeInsertion:lateralthirdofclavicle,acromion,andspineofscapularyAction:upperfiberselevatescapula,lowerfibersdepressscapula;ifscapulaisfixed,onesideactingalong,drawsheadtowardthesameside,andturnfacetooppositeside;bothsidestogether,drawheaddirectlybackwardErectorspinaePosition:fillsthevertebralgrooveoneachsideofthespineAction:extendsvertebralcolumn(drawheadbackward)ⅡMusclesofthorax

Ⅰ)Thoracico-upper-limbmuscles胸上肢?、?Thoracicointrinsicmuscles胸固有肌Pectoralismajor胸大肌Origin:

medialhalfofclavicle,sternum,1st-6thcostalcartilages.Insertion:

crestofgreatertubercleofhumerus.Action:

flexes,adductsandrotatesarmmedially;armfixed,elevatestrunk;elevatesribs1-6,aidinginforcedinspiration.Serratusanterior前鋸?、?ThoracicointrinsicmusclesIntercostalesexterni肋間外肌Intercostalesinterni肋間內(nèi)肌Intercostalesintimi肋間最內(nèi)肌ActionⅣMusclesofabdomenAnterolateralgroupObliquus

externus

abdominis腹外斜肌

Inguinalligament

腹股溝韌帶Superficialinguinalring

腹股溝管淺環(huán)Obliquusinternusabdominis腹內(nèi)斜肌Inguinalfalx腹股溝鐮:Cremaster提睪肌:Transversusabdominis

腹橫肌Rectusabdominis腹直肌

Intersections

腱劃Sheathofrectusabdominis腹直肌鞘Lineaalba

白線臍環(huán)2.PosteriorgroupQuadratuslumborum腰方肌Inguinalcanal腹股溝管Position:

TwoopeningsSuperficialinguinalring腹股溝管淺環(huán)Deepinguinal