2023年英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀理解合集

全國(guó)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)專(zhuān)題訓(xùn)練閱讀理解35篇無(wú)論哪種考試，閱讀都是重中之重。在有了語(yǔ)法和詞匯旳良好基礎(chǔ)之后，閱讀并不是難以處理旳難題。六級(jí)閱讀旳規(guī)定是35分鐘，四篇文章。我首先選擇了某兩年旳真題作了個(gè)試驗(yàn)：1把時(shí)間控制在35分鐘之內(nèi)，不考慮成果，將題做完為主2不計(jì)時(shí)間，給自己充足揣摩題意旳空間，以考慮清晰為主。試驗(yàn)表明假如前者對(duì)旳率與后者沒(méi)有明顯差異，那么時(shí)間基本不是障礙。假如反之，那么應(yīng)當(dāng)強(qiáng)化自己旳做題速度，做題技巧，詞匯語(yǔ)法旳純熟程度。做閱讀理解旳時(shí)候，要有良好旳心理一不要急躁，二不要自責(zé)和埋怨。張國(guó)帥老師講解了不少解答閱讀理解題旳措施，例如抓中心思想，上下文猜測(cè)生詞等等，純熟掌握，多加練習(xí)，熟能生巧確實(shí)行之有效，這里不再一一贅述，閱讀能力旳培養(yǎng)是一種相對(duì)長(zhǎng)期旳過(guò)程，不能急于求成、中途而廢，持之以恒才會(huì)獲得最終旳成功。1.12月英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀專(zhuān)題訓(xùn)練（1）GivingCreditWhereCreditIsNotDueThebigidentity-theftbustlastweekwasjustatasteofwhat'stocome.Here'showtoprotectyourgoodnameHERE'STHESCARYTHINGabouttheidentity-theftringthatthefedscrackedlastweek:therewasnothinganyofitsestimated40,000victimscouldhavedonetopreventitfromhappening.Thiswasaninsidejob,accordingtocourtdocuments.Alowlyhelp-deskworkeratTeledataCommunications,asoftwarefirmthathelpsbanksaccesscreditreportsonline,allegedlystolepasswordsforthosereportsandsoldthemtoagroupof20thievesat$60apop.Thatallowedthegangtocherry-pickconsumerswithgoodcreditandapplyforallkindsofaccountsintheirnames.Costtothevictims:$3millionandrising.Evenscarieristhatthis,thelargestidentity-theftbusttodate,isjustadropinthebitbucket.Morethan700,000Americanshavetheircredithijackedeveryyear.It'soneofcrime'sbiggestgrowthmarkets.Aname,addressandSocialSecuritynumber--whichcanoftenbefoundontheWeb--isallanybodyneedstoapplyforaboguslineofcredit.Creditcompaniesmake$1.3trillionannuallyandloselessthan2%ofthatrevenuetofraud,sothere'slittlefinancialincentiveforthemtomaketheapplicationprocessmoresecure.Asitstandsnow,it'suptoyoutoprotectyouridentity.Thegoodnewsisthatthereareplentyofstepsyoucantake.Mostcreditthievesareopportunists,notwell-organizedgangs.AlotofthemgoDumpsterdivingforthosemillionsof"pre-approved"credit-cardmailingsthatgoouteveryday.Othersstealwalletsandreturnthem,takingonlyaSocialSecuritynumber.ShreddingyourjunkmailandleavingyourSocialSecuritycardathomecansavealotofagonylater.Butthemosteffectivewaytokeepyouridentitycleanistocheckyourcreditreportsonceortwiceayear.Therearethreemajorcredit-reportoutfits:Equifax(at),Trans-Union(.com)andExperian().Allallowyoutoorderreportsonline,whichisalotbetterthanwadingthroughvoice-mailhellontheir800lines.Ofthethree,IfoundTransUnion'swebsitetobethecheapestandmostcomprehensive--layingoutstate-by-stateprices,rightsandtipsforconsumersineasy-to-readfashion.Ifyou'reluckyenoughtoliveinColorado,Georgia,Maryland,Massachusetts,NewJerseyorVermont,youareentitledtoonefreereportayearbylaw.Otherwiseit'sgoingtocost$8to$14eachtime.Avoidservicesthatoffertomonitoryourreportsyear-roundforabout$70;that's$10morethanthegoingrateamongthieves.Ifyouthinkyou'reavictimofidentitytheft,youcanaskforfraudalertstobeputonfileateachofthethreecredit-reportcompanies.Y/idtheft,which,alongwithalocalpolicereport,shouldhelpwheniratecreditorscomeknocking.Justdon'texpectjustice.Thataudacioushelp-deskworkerwasoneofthefewerthan2%ofidentitythieveswhoareevercaught.引用ByChrisTaylorTime;12/9/,Vol.160Issue24,p100,3/4p,1c注(1)：本文選自Time;12/9/,p100,3/4p,1c；注(2)：本文習(xí)題命題模仿對(duì)象真題Text1；1.Whatisthetrendofcredit-theftcrime?C[A]Tightlysuppressed.[B]Morefrightening.[C]Rapidlyincreasing.[D]looselycontrolled.2.Theexpression“insidejob”(Line6,Paragraph1)mostprobablymeans_____A____.[A]acrimethatiscommittedbyapersonworkingforthevictim[B]acrimethatshouldbepunishedseverely[C]acrimethatdoesgreatharmtothevictim[D]acrimethatposesagreatthreattothesociety3.Thecreditorscanprotecttheiridentityinthefollowingwayexcept____D_____.[A]destroyingyourjunkmail[B]leavingyourSocialSecuritycardathome[C]visitingthecredit-reportwebsiteregularly[D]obtainingthefreereportfromthegovernment4.Whyisiteasytohavecredit-theft?B[A]Morepeopleareusingcreditservice.[B]Theapplicationprogramisnotsafeenough.[C]Creditorsusuallydisclosetheiridentity.[D]Creditorsarenotcarefulabouttheiridentity.5.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?C[A]Thedangerofcredit-theft[B]Thelossofthecreditors[C]Howtoprotectyourgoodname[D]Whythecreditorslosetheiridentity答案：CADBC2.12月英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀專(zhuān)題訓(xùn)練（2）Opinionpollsarenowbeginningtoshowthat,whoeveristoblameandwhateverhappensfromnowon,highunemploymentisprobablyheretosay.Thismeansweshallhavetofindwaysofsharingtheavailableemploymentmorewidely.Butweneedtogofurther.Wemustasksomefundamentalquestionsaboutthefuturework.Shouldwecontinuetotreatemploymentasthenorm?Shouldwenotratherencouragemanywaysforself-respectingpeopletowork?Shouldwenotcreateconditionsinwhichmanyofuscanworkforourselves,ratherthanforanemployer?Shouldwenotaimtorevivethehouseholdandtheneighborhood,aswellasthefactoryandtheoffice,ascentersofproductionandwork?Theindustrialagehasbeentheonlyperiodofhumanhistoryinwhichmostpeople’sworkhastakentheformofjobs.Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanend,andsomeofthechangesinworkpatternswhichitbroughtmayhavetobereversed.Thisseemsadauntingthought.But,infact,itcouldoffertheprospectofabetterfutureforwork.Universalemployment,asitshistoryshows,hasnotmeanteconomicfreedom.Employmentbecamewidespreadwhentheenclosuresofthe17thand18thcenturiesmademanypeopledependentonpaidworkbydeprivingthemoftheuseoftheland,andthusofthemeanstoprovidealivingforthemselves.Thenthefactorysystemdestroyedthecottageindustriesandremovedworkfrompeople’shomes.Later,astransportimprovedfirstbyrailandthenbyroad,peoplecommutedlongerdistancestotheirplacesofemploymentuntil,eventually,manypeople’sworklostallconnectionwiththeirhomelivesandtheplacesinwhichtheylive.Meanwhile,employmentputwomenatadisadvantage.Inpreindustrialtimes,menandwomenhadsharedtheproductiveworkofthehouseholdandvillagecommunity.Nowitbecamecustomaryforthehusbandtogoouttopaidemployment,leavingtheunpaidworkofthehomeandfamiliestohiswife.Taxandbenefitregulationsstillassumethisnormtoday,andrestrictmoreflexiblesharingofworkrolesbetweenthesexes.Itwasnotonlywomenwhoseworkstatussuffered.Asemploymentbecamethedominantformofwork,youngpeopleandoldpeoplewereexcluded—aproblemnow,asmoreteenagersbecomefrustratedatschoolandmoreretiredpeoplewanttoliveactivelives.Allthismaynowhavetochange.Thetimehascertainlycometoswitchsomeeffortandresourcesawayfromtheidealistgoalcreatingjobsforall,totheurgentpracticaltaskofhelpingmanypeopletomanagewithoutfull-timejobs.21.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A）Employmentbecamewidespreadinthe17thand18thcenturies.B）Unemploymentwillremainamajorproblemforindustrializednations.C）Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanend.D）Someeffortsandresourcesshouldbedevotedtohelpingmorepeoplecopewiththeproblemofunemployment.22.WhichofthefollowingwasNOTmentionedasafactorcontributingtothespreadofemployment?A）Theenclosuresofthe17thand18thcenturies.B）Thedevelopmentoffactories.C）Relieffromhouseworkonthepartofwomen.D）Developmentofmodernmeansoftransportation.23.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat____.A）mostpeoplewhohavebeenpolledbelievethattheproblemofunemploymentmaynotbesolvedwithinashortperiodoftimeB）manyfarmerslosttheirlandwhennewrailwaysandfactorieswerebeingconstructedC）inpreindustrialsocietieshouseworkandcommunityserviceweremainlycarriedoutbywomenD）someofthechangesinworkpatternthattheindustrialagebroughthavebeenreversed24.Whatdoestheword“daunting”inthethirdparagraphmean?A）ShockingB）InterestingC）ConfusingD）Stimulating25.WhichofthefollowingisNOTsuggestedasapossiblemeanstocopewiththecurrentsituation?A）Createsituationsinwhichpeopleworkforthemselves.B）Treatemploymentasthenorm.C）Endeavortorevivethehouseholdandtheneighborhoodascentersofproduction.D）Encouragepeopletoworkincircumstancesotherthannormalworkingconditions.答案：DCAAB3.12月英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀專(zhuān)題訓(xùn)練（3）Nooneshouldbeforcedtowearauniformunderanycircumstance.Uniformsaredemandingtothehumanspiritandtotallyunnecessaryinademocraticsociety.Uniformstelltheworldthatthepersonwhowearsonehasnovalueasanindividualbutonlylivestofunctionasapartofawhole.Theindividualinauniformlosesallself-worth.Therearethosewhosaythatwearingauniformgivesapersonasenseofidentificationwithalarger,moreimportantconcept.Whatcouldbemoreimportantthantheindividualhimself?Ifanorganizationissoweakthatitmustrelyonclothandbuttonstoinspireitsmembers,thatorganizationhasnorighttocontinueitsexistence.Otherssaythatthepracticeofmakingpersonswearuniforms,sayinaschool,eliminatesallenvyandcompetitioninthematterofdress,suchthatapoorpersonwhocannotaffordgood-qualityclothingisnottobebelittledbyawealthypersonwhowearsexpensivequalityclothing.Thosepersonsconvenientlyignoresuchcriticalconceptsasfreedomofchoice,motivation,andindividuality.Ifallpersonsweretowearthesameclothing,whywouldanyonestrivetobebetter?Itisonlyashortstepfromforcingeveryonetodrivethesamecar,havethesametypeoffoods.Whenthishappens,allincentivetoimproveone’slifeisremoved.Whywouldparentsbothertoworkhardsothattheirchildrencouldhaveabetterlifethantheyhadwhentheyknowthattheirchildrenaregoingtobeforcedtohaveexactlythesamelifethattheyhad?Uniformsalsohurttheeconomy.Rightnow,billionsofdollarsarespentonthefashionindustryyearly.Thousandsofpersonsareemployedindesigning,creatingandmarketingdifferenttypesofclothing.Ifeveryonewereforcedtowearuniforms,artisticpersonnelwouldbeunnecessary.Salespersonswouldbesuperfluousaswell;whybothertoselltheonlyitemsthatareavailable?Thewearingofuniformswoulddestroythefashionindustry,whichinturnwouldhavearippleeffectonsuchindustriesasadvertisingandpromotion.Withoutadvertising,newspapers,magazines,andtelevisionwouldnotbeabletoremaininbusiness.Oneentireinformationandentertainmentindustrywouldcollapse.26.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeinwritingthispassagewasto____.A）pleadfortheabolishmentofuniformsB）showthatuniformsarenotpossibleinademocraticsocietyC）advocatestrongergovernmentalcontrolsonthewearingofuniformsD）convincethereaderthatuniformshavemoredisadvantagesthanadvantages27.Whydoestheauthordiscussforcingeveryonetobuythesamecaroreatthesamefood?A)Toshowthatfreedomofchoiceisabsolute.B)Toshowthatthegovernmenthasinterferedtoomuchinthelivesofindividual.C)Tosuggestwhatwouldhappenifuniformsbecamecompulsory.D)Topredictthewaythesocietywillbeinthenextfewgenerations.28.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtotheauthor?A)Thepersonwhowearsauniformhasnoself-worth.B)Wearingauniformgivesapersonasenseofidentificationwithalargerconcept.C)Uniformswillhurtoneentireinformationandentertainmentindustry.D)Envyandcompetitionareincentivetoimproveone’slife.29.Theword“superfluous”(Para.3)mostprobablymeans____.A)indispensableB)availableC)surplusD)supplementary30.Thenextparagraphinthispassagemightdiscuss____.A)thepositiveeffectsofwearinguniformsB)morenegativeeffectsofwearinguniformsC)alternativetowearinguniformsD)thelegalrightsofthosenotwishingtowearuniforms答案：DCBCB4.12月英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀專(zhuān)題訓(xùn)練（4）Astrangethingabouthumansistheircapacityforblindrage.Rageispresumablyanemotionresultingfromsurvivalinstinct,butthesurprisingthingaboutitisthatwedonotdeployitagainstotheranimals.Ifweencounteradangerouswildanimal-apoisonoussnakeorawildcat-wedonotflyintoatemper.Ifweareunarmed,weshowfearandattempttobackaway;ifwearesuitablyarmed,weattack,butinarationalmannernotinarage.Wereserverageforourownspecies.Itishardtoseeanysurvivalvalueinattackingone’sown,butifwetakeaccountofthelongcompetition,whichmusthaveexistedbetweenourownsubspeciesandotherslikeNeanderthalman-indeedothersstillmoreremotefromusthanNeanderthalman-humanragebecomesmorecomprehensible.Inoureverydaylanguageandbehaviortherearemanyremindersofthoseearlystruggles.Wearealwaysusingthewords“usandthem”.“Our”sideisperpetuallytryingtododownthe“other”side.Ingamesweartificiallycreateothersubspecieswecanattack.Theoppositionof“us”and“them”isthetouchstoneofthetwo-partysystemof“democratic”politics.Althoughtherearenoveryseriousconsequencestomanyofthesemodernpsychologicalrepresentationsofthe“usandthem”emotion,itisaswelltorememberthattheoriginalaimwasnottobeattheothersubspeciesinagamebuttoexterminateit.Thereadinesswithwhichhumansallowthemselvestoberegimentedhaspermittedlargearmiestobeformed,which,takentogetherwiththe“usandthem”blindrage,hasledtodestructiveclasheswithinoursubspeciesitself.TheFirstWorldWarisanexampleinwhichEuropedivideditselfintotwoimaginarysubspecies.AndthereisasimilarexterminationbattlenowinNorthernIreland.Theideathatthereisareligiousbasisforthisclashisillusory,fornoteventhePopehasbeenabletocontrolit.TheclashismuchmoreprimitivethantheChristianreligion,mucholderinitsemotionalorigin.TheconflictinIrelandisunlikelytostopuntilagreaterprimitivefearisimposedfromoutsidethecommunity,oruntilthecombatantsbecomeexhausted.31.Asuitabletitleforthispassagewouldbe____.A)WhyHumanArmiesAreFormedB)Man’sAngerAgainstRageC)TheHumanCapacityforRageD)EarlyStrugglesofAngryMan32.Accordingtotheauthor,thesurprisingaspectofhumanangeris____.A)itslengthyandcomplexdevelopmentB)aconflictsuchasisnowgoingoninNorthernIrelandC)thatwedonotflyintoatempermoreoftenD)thatwereserveangerformankind33.Thepassagesuggeststhat____.A)historically,wehavecreatedan“us”versus“them”societyB)humanshavehadanaturaldisinclinationtowardformalgroupingC)theFirstWorldWarisanexampleofhowmanhasalwaysavoideddominationD)theemotionaloriginofthewarinIrelandislostintime34.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat____.A)theartificialcreationofasubspeciesunlikeusissomethingthatneverhappensB)gamesarepsychologicallyunhealthyC)anyartificiallycreatedsubspecieswouldbeourenemyD)therealorimaginedexistenceofanopposingsubspeciesisinherentinman’sactivities35.TheauthorbelievesthatareligiousexplanationforthewarinNorthernIrelandis____.A)foundedinhistoricalfactB)deceptiveC)apparentD)probablyaccurate答案：CDADB5.12月英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀專(zhuān)題訓(xùn)練（5）Thefirstwaywecanapproachlanguageisasaphenomenonoftheindividualperson.Itisconcernedwithdescribingandexplaininglanguageasamatterofhumanbehavior.Peoplespeakandwrite;theyalsoevidentlyreadandunderstandwhattheyhear.Theyarenotborndoingso;theyhavetoacquiretheseskills.Noteverybodyseemstodevelopthemtothesamedegree.Peoplemaysufferaccidentsordiseases,whichimpairtheirperformance.Languageisthusseenaspartofhumanpsychology,aparticularsortofbehavior,thebehavior,whichhasasitsprincipal,functionthatofcommunication.Thetroublewiththeterm“behavior”isthatitisoftentakentoreferonlytomoreorlessovert,anddescribable,physicalmovementsandacts.Yetpartoflanguagebehavior-thatofunderstandingspokenorwrittenlanguage,forexample-haslittleornophysicallyobservablesigns.Itistruewecansometimesinferthatunderstandinghastakenplacebythechangesthattakeplaceintheotherperson’sbehavior.Whensomeonehasbeenprohibitedfromdoingsomething,wemayinferthathehasunderstoodtheprohibitionbyobservingthatthereafterheneverbehavesinthatway.Wecannot,ofcourse,beabsolutelysurethathissubsequentbehaviorisaresultofhisunderstanding;itmightbeduetoalossofinterestorinclination.Sobehaviormustbetakentoincludeunobservableactivity,oftenonlytobeinferredfromotherobservablebehavior.Onceweadmitthatthestudyoflanguagebehaviorinvolvesdescribingandexplainingtheunobservable,thesituationbecomesmuchmorecomplicated,becausewehavetopostulatesomesetofprocesses,someinternalmechanism,whichoperateswhenwespeakandunderstand.Wehavetopostulatesomethingwecancallamind.Thestudyoflanguagefromthispointofviewcanthenbeseenasastudyofthespecificproperties,processesandstatesofthemindwhoseoutwardmanifestationsareobservablebehavior;whatwehavetoknowinordertoperformlinguistically.Thisapproachtolanguage,asaphenomenonoftheindividual,isthusprincipallyconcernedwithexplaininghowweacquirelanguage,anditsrelationtogeneralhumancognitivesystems,andwiththepsychologicalmechanismsunderlyingthecomprehensionandproductionofspeech;muchlesswiththeproblemofwhatlanguageisfor,thatis,itsfunctionascommunication,sincethisnecessarilyinvolvesmorethanasingleindividual.36.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A)LanguageasMeansofCommunication.B)LanguageandPsychology.C)LanguageandtheIndividual.D)LanguageasaSocialPhenomenon.37.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A)Languageisoftenregardedaspartofhumanpsychology.B)Peopledeveloplanguageskillsofdifferentdegreesasaresultofdifferentpersonalexperiences.C)Languageisaspecialkindofpsychologicalbehaviorthatisbornwithanindividual.D)Peoplelearntospeakandwritethroughimitationandtraining.38.Whatdoestheterm“behavior”inthesecondparagraphespeciallyrefertointhispassage?A)Itreferstoobservableandphysicalmovementsandacts.B)Itreferstothepartoflanguagebehaviorthatinvolvesunderstandingorinterpretation.C)Itreferstoboththeovertandtheunobservablelanguagebehaviorsincommunicating.D)Itreferstoactsofspeakingandwriting.39.Whatdoes“internalmechanism”(Line3,Para.3)mean?A)Secretmachine.B)Mentalprocesses.C)Overtsystem.D)Mechanicoperation.40.Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage?A)Itsindividualisticapproachtolanguageismeanttostudythepsychologicalprocessesoflanguageacquisition.B)Theindividualisticapproachtolanguageismainlyconcernedwithhowlanguagefunctionsinsociety.C)Thestudyoflanguageissuretoinvolvemorethanasingleindividual.D)Psychologicalapproachtolanguageisconcernedwiththecomprehensionandproductionofspeech.答案：CCCBA6.12月英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀專(zhuān)題訓(xùn)練（6）TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivate-enterprise，market-orientedeconomyinwhichconsumerslargelydeterminewhatshallbeproducedbyspendingtheirmoneyinthemarketplaceforthosegoodsandservicesthattheywantmost.Privatebusinessmen，strivingtomakeprofits，producethesegoodsandservicesincompetitionwithotherbusinessmen；andtheprofitmotive，operatingundercompetitivepressures，largelydetermineshowthesegoodsandservicesareproduced.Thus，intheAmericaneconomicsystemitisthedemandofindividualconsumers，coupledwiththedesireofbusinessmentomaximizeprofitsandthedesireofindividualstomaximizetheirincomes，thattogetherdeterminewhatshallbeproducedandhowresourcesareusedtoproduceit.Animportantfactorinamarket-orientedeconomyisthemechanismbywhichconsumerdemandscanbeexpressedandrespondedtobyproducers.IntheAmericaneconomy，thismechanismisprovidedbyapricesystem，aprocessinwhichpricesriseandfallinresponsetorelativedemandsofconsumersandsuppliesofferedbyseller-producers.Iftheproductisinshortsupplyrelativetothedemand，thepricewillbebidupandsomeconsumerswillbeeliminatedfromthemarket.If，ontheotherhand，producingmoreofacommodityresultsinreducingitscost，thiswilltendtoincreasethesupplyofferedbyseller-producers，whichinturnwilllowerthepriceandpermitmoreconsumerstobuytheproduct.Thus，priceistheregulatingmechanismintheAmericaeconomicsystem.Theimportantfactorinaprivate-enterpriseeconomyisthatindividualareallowedtoownproductiveresources（privateproperty），andtheyarepermittedtohirelabor，gaincontrolovernaturalresources，andproducegoodsandservicesforsaleataprofit.IntheAmericaneconomy，theconceptofprivatepropertyembracesnotonlytheownershipofproductiveresourcesbutalsocertainrights，includingtherighttodeterminethepriceofaproductortomakeafreecontractwithanotherprivateindividual.1.InPara.1，“thedesireofindividualstomaximizetheirincomes”means___.A.Americansneverfeelsatisfiedwiththeirincomes.B.Americanstendtooverstatetheamountoftheirincomes.C.Americanswanttohavetheirincomesincreased.D.Americanswanttoincreasethepurchasingpoweroftheirincomes.2.Thefirsttwosentencesinthesecondparagraphclaritytheideatousthat___.A.producerscansatisfytheconsumersbymechanizedproduction.B.consumerscanexpresstheirdemandsthroughproducers.C.producersdecidethepricesofproducts.D.supplyanddemandregulateprices.3.Theword“embraces”inPara.3probablyparallels___.A.enfoldB.hugC.comprehendD.support4.Accordingtothepassage，aprivate-enterpriseeconomyischaracterizedby___.A.privatepropertyandrightsconcerned.B.manpowerandnaturalresourcescontrol.C.ownershipofproductiveresourcesD.freecontractsandprices.5.Thepassageismainlytalkingabout___.A.howAmericangoodsareproduced.B.howAmericanconsumersbuytheirgoods.C.howAmericaneconomicsystemworks.D.howAmericanbusinessmanmaketheirprofits答案：DDCAC7.12月英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀專(zhuān)題訓(xùn)練（7）Therearevariouswaysinwhichindividualeconomicunitscaninteractwithoneanother.Threebasicwaysmaybedescribedasthemarketsystem，theadministeredsystem，andthetraditionalsystem.Inamarketsystemindividualeconomicunitsarefreetointeractamongeachotherinthemarketplace.Itispossibletobuycommoditiesfromothereconomicunitsorsellcommoditiestothem.Inamarket，transactionsmaytakeplaceviabarterormoneyexchange.Inabartereconomy，realgoodssuchasautomobiles，shoes，andpizzasaretradedagainsteachother.Obviously，findingsomebodywhowantstotrademyoldcarinexchangeforasailboatmaynotalwaysbeaneasytask.Hence，theintroductionofmoneyasamediumofexchangeeasestransactionsconsiderably.Inthemodernmarketeconomy，goodsandservicesareboughtorsoldformoney.Analternativetothemarketsystemisadministrativecontrolbysomeagencyoveralltransactions.Thisagencywillissueedictsorcommandsastohowmuchofeachgoodandserviceshouldbeproduced，exchanged，andconsumedbyeacheconomicunit.Centralplanningmaybeonewayofadministeringsuchaneconomy.Thecentralplan，drawnupbythegovernment，showstheamountsofeachcommodityproducedbythevariousfirmsandallocatedtodifferenthouseholdsforconsumption.Thisisanexampleofcompleteplanningofproduction，consumption，andexchangeforthewholeeconomy.Inatraditionalsociety，productionandconsumptionpatternsaregovernedbytradition；everyperson‘splacewithintheeconomicsystemisfixedbyparentage，religion，andcustom.Transactionstakeplaceonthebasisoftradition，too.Peoplebelongingtoacertaingrouporcastemayhaveanobligationtocareforotherpersons，providethemwithfoodandshelter，carefortheirhealth，andprovidefortheireducation.Clearly，inasystemwhereeverydecisionismadeonthebasisoftraditionalone，progressmaybedifficulttoachieve.Astagnantsocietymayresult.1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage？A.Tooutlinecontrastingtypesofeconomicsystems.B.Toexplainthescienceofeconomics.C.Toargueforthesuperiorityofoneeconomicsystem.D.Tocomparebarterandmoney-exchangemarkets.2.Inthesecondparagraph，theword“real”in“realgoods”couldbestbereplacedby___，A.highqualityB.concreteC.utterD.authentic.3.Accordingtothepassage，abartereconomycangenerate___.A.rapidspeedoftransactions.B.misunderstandings.C.inflationD.difficultiesforthetraders.4.Accordingtothepassage，whohasthegreatestdegreeofcontrolintheadministeredsystem？A.IndividualhouseholdsB.Smallbusinesses.C.Majorcorporations.D.Thegovernment.5.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedbytheauthorasacriterionfordeterminingaperson‘spositioninatraditionalsociety？A.FamilybackgroundB.AgeC.Religiousbeliefs.D.Custom答案：ABDDB8.12月英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀專(zhuān)題訓(xùn)練（8）WesternairlinermanufacturersseemtobetrippingoverthemselvesintheireagernesstosigncollaborativeagreementswithAsianpartnersasalow-costroutetodevelopingnewairliners.TheirpotentialAsianpartnersseemtobetrippingoverthemselvestosignsuchagreements，asalow-costroutetoacquiringnewairlinertechnology.Iftheyarenotcarefulthetwosideswillenduptrippingovereachother：theonebysellingitsbirth-rightforshort-termgain，theotherbytryingtobreakintoamarketwhichisn‘tbigenoughtosustainit.Technologytransferworksinagrowingmarket，wheretheaspirationsofthenewentrantreceivingthattechnologycanbemetthroughexpansion.Theairlinermarketisnotsuchadevice.Eventhemostoptimisticprojectionsofairlinersalesforthenext20yearsshowthatairlinermanufacturecanonlybeprofitableifasmallnumberofaircraftbuilderssharetheavailablesales.It