2019-2020學(xué)年虹口區(qū)高考英語一模

虹口區(qū)2019學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期終學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)能力診斷測試高三英語試卷2019.12GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineach blankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.InnovationsthatwillchangetheclassroomAmericanschoolsaregoinghigh-tech.Manysymbolswestillassociatewithclassroomsandlearning,likechalkboards,pens,notebooks-evenclassrooms(21) are quicklybecomingoutdated.AsthisweekmarksTheHuffingtonPost'10thsanniversary,we'lltakealookatsomeproductsthat(22) (introduce)toclassroominthepastdecadeandhavethepotentialtochangetheeducationallandscapeintheyears(23) (come).RemoteLearningSomeschoolsarecuttingdownonsnowdays,thankstotechnology.Ratherthangivingkidsthedayoff(24) weatherconditionsaretoodangerousforcommuting,theseschoolsareaskingstudentstofollowclassroomlessonsonline.Althoughkids(25)(hope)forasnowdaymaynotparticularlyappreciatetheseadvancementsindigitallearning,onlinelessonsallowthesekidstocompletetheircourseworkandstillinteractwithpeers.Somestudentswithmedicalconditions(26) “go”toschoolviavideoconferencingorevenwiththehelpofrobotsenabledwithvideochatthattheycancontrolremotely.eBooksDiscoveryEducationhasbeenreplacingtraditionaltextbookswithoriginal “techbooksixyears.These“techbookscan”alsobeswitchedtoSpanishorFrench,Kinneysaid,(27)allowssomeparentswhodon 'tspeakEnglishtohelptheirkidswithomeworkthir.EducationalGamesIn-classgamingoptionshaveevolvedtoincludemoreeducationaloptions.GlassLabcreateseducationalgamesthatarenowbeingusedinmorethan6,000classroomsacrossthecountry.Teachersgetreal-timeupdatesonstudentsprogress'aswellassuggestionson(28)subjectstheyneedtospendmoretimeperfecting.TheInternetandotherdigitaltoolshavesomedrawbacks.They 'reoftendistracting,(29)mostdevelopmentshaveexcitingimplicationsforthefuture.Overthelast10years,technologicalinnovationshavemadeeducationmoreinteractive,immediateand(30)(personalize),--andhaveshownusthepotentialformoreaccessibleandeffectiveclassrooms.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.pleasurableB.alteration C.likelihood D.fortunately E.thickeningF.immediateG.physically H.temporaryI.shortness J.normalizeK.weakenedHowdoCigarettesAffecttheBody?Cigarettesaren’tgoodforus.Buthowexactlydocigarettesharmus?Letlookatwhathappensastheiringredientsmaketheirwaythroughourbodies,andhowwebenefit(31)whenwefinallygiveupsmoking.Insidetheairwaysandlungs,smokeincreasesthe(32) ofinfectionsaswellaslong-lastingdiseases.Itdoesthisbydamagingthetinyhair-liketissueswhichkeepthe airwaysclean.That’onesofthereasonssmokingcanleadtooxygenlossand(33) ofbreath.Withinabout10seconds,thebloodstreamcarriesastimulantcallednicotinetothebrain,creatingthe(34)sensationswhichmakesmokinghighlyaddictive.Nicotineandotherchemicalsfromthecigarette,atthesametime,causetightnessofbloodtubes,restrictingbloodflow.Theseeffectsonbloodtubesleadto(35)ofbloodtubewalls,increasingthepossibilityofheartattacksandstrokes.Manyofthechemicalsinsidecigarettescanactivatedangerous(36) inthebody’sDNAthatmakecancersform.Infact,aboutoneofeverythreecancerdeathsintheUnitedStatesiscausedbysmoking.Andit'snotjustlungcancer.Smokingcancausecancerinmultipletissuesandorgans,aswellasdamagedeyesightand(37) bones.Itmakesitharderforwomentogetpregnant.Andinmen,itcancauselong-termdamagesofbodyfunctions.Butforthosewhoquitsmoking,there'sahugepositiveupsidewithalmost(38)andlong-lastingphysicalbenefits.Adayafterceasing,heartattackriskbeginstodecreaseasbloodpressureandheartrates(39).Lungsbecomehealthierafteraboutonemonth, withlesscoughing.Aftertenyears,thechancesofdevelopingfatallungcancergodownby50%,probablybecausethebody’abilitystorepairDNAisonceagainrestored.There’nospointpretendingthisisalleasytoachieve.Quittingcanleadtoanxietyanddepression.Butfortunately,sucheffectsareusually(40) .Adviceandsupportgroupsandmoderateintensityexercisealsohelpsmokersstaycigarette-free.That?sgoodnews,sincequittingputsyouandyourbodyonthepathbacktohealth.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.sfiercelycompetitive-codmmeresticeeAInc.ischeckingoutofChinasfiercelycompetitive-codmmeresticeemarket.ThecompanytoldsellersonThursdaythatitwouldnolonger41itsthird-partyonlinemarketplaceorprovidesellerservicesonitsChinesewebsite,A.42,domesticcompanieswillnolongerbeabletosellproductstoChineseconsumersonitse-commerceplatform.Thedecisionmarksanendtoalong 43byAmerica’-scommercegiantsintheChinesemarket.ThefirmsenteredtheChinesemarketwithgreatattentionintheearly2000s,onlyto44inthefaceofcompetitionfromChina -moving,sfasIntemetgiants.Amazonhasbeenintalksto45its_e.-commercebusinessforgoodsimportedintoChinawithaChinesecompetitor,NetEaseInc.?sKaola,inastock-for-stocktransaction（交易）accordingtoapersonfamiliarwiththematter.ThatwouldremovetheAmazonnamefrome-commerceinChina.Neithercompanywouldconfirmtheprogressordetailsofthose,norwouldtheysayiftheyarecontinuing.Inawrittenstatement,Amazonsaiditremained48toChinathroughitsglobalstores,Kindlebusinessesandwebservices.AmazonChina’presidentwouldleavetotakeonanotherrolewithinthecompany,thecompanysaid.TheChinaconsumer-businessteamwillreport 49tothecompanyglobalsteam.WhenAmazonfirstenteredChinain2004withthe 50ofJ,itwasthelargestonlinesellerforbooks,musicandvideothere.MostChineseconsumerswereusingcash-on-deliveryastheirtoformof51.Today,AmazonChinachieflycaterstocustomerslooking52playerin（細(xì)分的）cross-52playerin（細(xì)分的）cross-Kaola’25%s53and54brands.In2011,85%ofAmazonChinacommandedjust6%ofgrossmarketvolumeinthenichebordere-commercemarketinthefourthquarterof2018,versusNetEasethe32%heldbyAlibabaGroupHoldingLtd.54brands.In2011,85%ofChineseconsumersarebecomingmorefascinatedwithChineseconsumerssaidtheywouldalwaysbuyaforeignbrandoveradomesticone.By2016,60%ofrespondentssaidtheypreferreddomesticoverforeignbrands.ShaunRein,ChinaMarketChinabecausetheyresearch’founder,ssaidAmericane-commercegiants_55obstaclesinChinabecausetheydidntofferedtheproductsoruserexperiencethatconsumerswerelookingfor.A.assistA.AsaresultA.criticismA.interactA.assistA.AsaresultA.criticismA.interactA.associateA.time-consumingfacingA.talksinstructionsA.relatedB.expandB.BycontrastB.negotiationB.withdrawB.combineB.long-sufferingB.businessesaccustomedoperateC.ForexampleC.struggleC.splitC.exchangeever-lastingC.competitionsC.exposedD.tailorInadditionD.resolutionD.surviveD.supplyD.consumer-D.D.committed49.A.automaticallyB.directlyC.regularlyD.secretly50.A.breakdownB.improvementC.purchaseD.participation51.A.refundB.paymentC.sponsorshipD.trade52.A.complicatedB.criticalC.originalD.insignificant53.A.shareB.budgetC.volumeD.maximum54.A.foreignB.luxuriousC.domesticD.fashionable55.A.dealtwithB.forgotaboutC.gotthroughD.cameacrossSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Englishpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)PeopleworrythatdevelopmentsinArtificialIntelligence,orA.I.,willbringaboutapointinhistorywhenA.I.overtakeshumanintelligence,leadingtoanunimaginablerevolutioninhumanaffairs.Ortheywonderwhetherinsteadofourcontrollingartificialintelligence,itwillcontrolus.Thesituationmaynotariseforhundredsofyearstocome,butthisdoesn 'tmeanwenothingtoworryabout.Onthecontrary,TheA.I.productsthatnowexistareimprovingfasterthanmostpeoplerealizeandpromisetofundamentallytransformourworld,notalwaysforthebetter.Theyareonlytools,notacompetingformofintelligence.Buttheywillreshapewhatworkmeansandhowwealthiscreated.UnliketheIndustrialRevolutionandtheComputerRevolution,theA.I.revolutionisnottakingcertainjobsandreplacingthemwithotherjobs.Instead,itisbelievedtocauseawide-scaleeliminationofjobs--mostlylower-payingjobs,butsomehigher-payingones,too.ThistransformationwillresultinenormousprofitsforthecompaniesthatdevelopA.I.,aswellasforthecompaniesthatadoptit.Wearethusfacingtwodevelopmentsthatdonotsiteasilytogether;enormouswealthconcentratedinrelativelyfewhandsandenormousnumbersofpeopleoutofwork.Whatistobedone?PartoftheanswerwillinvolveeducatingorretrainingpeopleintasksA.I.toolsaren,tgoodat.Artificialintelligenceispoorlysuitedforjobsinvolvingcreativity, planningand“cross-field”thinking.Buttheseskillsaretypicallyrequiredbyhigh-payingjobsthatmaybehardtoretraindisplacedworkerstodo.Morepromisingarelower-payingjobsinvolvingthe “peoplethatskills”A.I.lacks:socialworkers,barmen,doormen--professionsrequiringhumaninteraction.Buthowmanybarmendoesasocietyreallyneed?Thesolutiontotheproblemofmassunemploymentwillinvolve “servicejobsoflove.ThesearejobsthatA.I.cannotdo,thatsocietyneedsandthatgivepeopleasenseofpurpose.Examplesincludeaccompanyinganolderpersontovisitadoctor,helpingatanorphanageandservingasasponsoratcharityorganization.Thevolunteerservicejobsoftoday,inotherwords,mayturnintotherealjobsofthefuture.Othervolunteerjobsmaybehigher-payingandprofessional,suchascompassionatemedialserviceproviders.Inallcases,peoplewillbeabletochoosetoworkfewerhoursthantheydonow.InwhataspectistheA.I.revolutiondifferentfrom theIndustrialortheComputerrevolution?TheA.I.revolutionwillfinallybecomeonebeyond human'scontrol.A.I.isbelievedtoleadtoapointinhistorywhenittakesoverhumanintelligence.Higher-payingjobswilltaketheplaceoflower-payingonesintheA.I. revolution.Itmaybringaboutmassunemploymenttomatterhowmuchemployeesarepaid.Theunderlinedword “promising”inparagraph5ismeaningclosestinto.A.promotional B.demanding C.guaranteed D.potentialWhatdoestheauthorsuggestinthefaceoftheA.I.revolution?Itissensibletoencouragepeopletotakevolunteerjobs.Peopleshouldbeinstructedtodolessdemandingjobs.Theproblemofjoblosscanbesolvedbycreatinglower-payingjobs.Jobsrequiringknowledgeindifferentfieldsaresuitablefordisplacedworkers.Whichofthefollowingmayserveasthebesttitleofthepassage?TheA.I.RevolutionCreatesNewJobOpportunities.ChallengestheA.I.RevolutionBringstoJobMarket.ADouble-edgedSword:theA.I.Revolution.InterrelationshipbetweenA.I.andUnemployment.(B)AdvancedRechargeableDigitalHearingAidTechnologyOnly$229!ThenewAdvancedHearClearHCR3rechargeablehearingandcombinesadvancedtechnologywithalowpricetoprovideyouwithoutstandingvalue.5starReviews!^^^^^OutstandingProduct!”Thisproductisoutstanding.Dadlovesit,mymomlovesit,andIamgrateful!Don’tbelievethatyouhavetospendalotofmoneytogetaqualityhearingaid--Gilmore"B.HCR3Features!NewAdvancedThirdGenerationAmericanTechnologyEasyON/OFFButtonAutomaticNoiseReductionandFeedbackCancellation100%MoneyBackGuaranteeEvenBetterInPairs!Yourbrainisdesignedtousebothearsworkingtogether.Infact,studiesshowthatyoumaybeabletohearupto3timesbetterinnoisysituationswhenusingtwohearingaids.Buyapairforthebestresultsandmaximumsavings!Simple.Affordable.RechargeableDigitalHearingAid-ForOnly$229!ThenewHearClearHCR3RechargeableDigitalHearingAidsfeaturesadvancedthirdgenerationdigitaltechnologyatanunbelievablyaffordablePride!TheHCR3ispackedwiththesamekeytechnologiesthatallhighenddigitalhearingaidssharewhileleavingouttheextrabellsandwhistlesthatincreasecostandrequireexpensiveadjustments.Thishelpsyouhearbetter,whilesavingyoulotofmoney.YournewHearClearHCR3hearingaidsworkatafractionofthecostofname-brandhearingaids,andyouwon’thavetokeepchangingthebatteries!YouwilllovethecomfortableandlightweightOpen-fitdesign.TheHCR3ispre-programmedformostmoderatetosignificanthearinglosses,soyouwon’tneedprofessionalappointmentstomakecostlyadjustments.Itisshippeddirectlytoyouandwillhelpyouhearbetterrightoutofthebox!Youcanspendthousandsforanexpensivehearingaid,oryoucanspendjust$249forhearingaidthatisgreatformosthearinglosses(only$229eachwhenyoubuyapair).Wearesosureyouwillloveyourhearingaidsthatweoffera100%MoneyBackGuarantee-RiskFreeifyouarenotsatisfiedforanyreason.HowmuchwillyoupayifyouwanttobuyapairofHCR3hearingaids?A.$229. B.$249 C.$458 D.$498Whichofthefollowingfeaturescanbeaddedtothesection Features”？“HCR3①Built-inprogramsfordifferentlisteningsituations.②Easyaccesstochangingbatteries.③Digitalsoundprocessingchip.④Simpleadjustmentswithoutprofessionalhelp.A.①③B.①③④C.②③④D.①②③62.Onereasonwhybuyingapairofhearingaidsisrecommendedisthat .theHCR3guarantees100%refundifboughtinpairsitwillsaveconsumersupto$20forapairofhearingaidshumansarepre-programmedtobetterhearwithtwoearspeoplecanheartriplebetterinvarioussituationwithtwohearingaids(C)Forseveraldecades,therehasbeenanextensiveandorganizedcampaignintendedtogeneratedistrustinscience,fundedbyregulatedindustriesandlibertarianthinktanks (自由主義智囊團(tuán))whoseinterestsandbeliefsarethreatenedbythefindingsofmodernscience.Inresponse,scientistshavetendedtostressthesuccessofscience.Afterall,scientistshavebeenrightaboutmostthings,fromthestructureoftheuniversetotherelativityoftimeandspace.Quotingsuccessesisn’twrong,butformanypeoplenotitpersuasive.What’sistypicallydeclaredtobethescientificmethod--developasupposition,thendesignanexperimenttotestit--isntwhatscientistsactuallydo.Scienceisactivesothatnewmethodsgetinventedandoldonesgetabandoned.Thescientificmethoddoesn’talwayswork.Falsetheoriescanproducetrueresults,soevenifanexperimentworks,itdoesn’tprovethatthetheoryitwasdesignedtotestittrue.Ifthereisnoidentifiablescientificmethod,thenwhatistheguaranteefortrustinscience?Theansweristhemethodsbywhichthoseclaimsareevaluated.Ascientificclaimisneveracceptedastrueuntilithasgonethroughalongprocessofexaminationbyfellow scientists.Untilthispoint,scientificfeedbackistypicallyfairlyfriendly.Butthenextstepisdifferent:oncethepaperisready,itispresentedtoascientificjournal,wherethingsgetawholelottougher. Editorsdeliberatelysendscientificpaperstopeoplewhoarenotfriendsorcolleaguesoftheauthors,andthejoboftherevieweristofinderrorsorotherinadequacies.Wecallthisprocess “peereview”becausethereviewersarescientificpeersbuttheyactintheroleofasuperiorwhohasboththerightandtheobligationtofindfault.Itisonlyafterthereviewersandtheeditoraresatisfiedthatanyproblemshavebeenfixedthatthepaperisacceptedforpublicationandentersthebodyof “science.'Doesthisprocessevergowrong?Ofcourse.Scientistsarehuman.Butifwelookcarefullyathistoricalcaseswheresciencewentwrong,typicallytherewasnoagreementreachedbyall.Somepeoplearguethatweshouldnottrustsciencebecausescientistsare “alwayschangingtheirminds.Whileexamplesoftrulysettledsciencebeingoverturnedarefarfewerthanissometimesclaimed,theydoexist.Butthebeautyofthisscientificprocessisthatitexplainswhatmightotherwiseappearparadoxica（l矛盾的）：thatscienceproducesbothnovelty（新穎性）andstability.Newobservations,ideas,interpretationsintroducenovelty:trans-formativequestioningleadstocollectivedecisionsandthestabilityofscientificknowledge.Scientistsdochangetheirmindsinthefaceofnewevidence,butthisisastrengthofscience,notaweakness.DistrustinsciencehasbeenfoundbecauseA.scientists citingsuccessesisn

tpersuasiveformanyextentpeopletosomemostscientistshavetendedtolaytoomuchemphasisonthesuccessofscienceawide-rangingandorganizedcampaignhasbeenfoundedinsomeindustriesandthinktankssomeone’benefitsandbeliefsareendangeredbythefindingsofmodernscienceWhichofthefollowingstatementswilltheauthoragreewithaboutascientificmethod?’tnecessarilytakeeffectbecauseschangingienceis.’tnecessarilytakeeffectbecauseschangingienceis.’twhatdoscientists.actually’twhatdoscientists.actuallyAsuccessfulexperimentcanguaranteethetruthfulnessofaclaimbyascientific method.Truetheoriescanproducefalseresultsbecausethescientificmethoddoesn work.Whatpurposedoes “peerreview”inevaluatingascientificclaimserve?mainlyThescientificclaimcanbecompletelyacceptedbythereviewersinthesamefield.Thescientificpeerscandrawrightconclusionsbyfindingitsfaultsorotherinadequacies.Thescientificclaimcanbepublishedandrecognizedastrueinscience.Thescientificpapercanbesuccessfullysubmittedtoascientificjournal.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat

Notalltheclaimsaboutthefalsehoodofwell-establishedscienceleadtoitsbeingoverturnedItisinevitablethatsciencesometimesgoeswrongbecauseitappearsparadoxicalThebeautyofscienceliesintheparadoxofbeingbothnovelandstableScienceisnottrustfulbecausescientistsalwayschangetheirminds.SectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Butlegislation （法律）won’tbanallsituationsinwhichmultitaskingisunwise.Theymultitaskforefficiency,tofightboredomortokeepupwithsocialmedia.Forty-eightstateshavebannedtextingwhiledriving.However,textingwhilebikingseemssoundemandingastobeharmless.Theydamagedrivingequivalentlyasfarasexternaldangersgo.Insteadofmultitasking,theytakemorerestbreaksandgetasocialmediafixduringabreak.IsMultitaskingAlwaysGood?Notonlydosmart-phonesprovideunrestrictedaccesstoinformation,theyprovideperfectopportunitiestomultitask.Anyactivitycanbeaccompaniedbymusic,selfiesorsocialmediaupdates.Ofcourse,somepeoplepickpoortimestotweetortext,andlawmakershavesteepedin.67InHonolulu,it’illegalstotextorevenlookatyourphonewhilecrossingthestreet,andintheNetherlandstheyvebannedtextingbikingwhile.theNetherlandstheyvebannedtextingbikingwhile.68Youneedtoself-regulate.Understandinghowthebrainmultitasksandwhywefindmultitaskingsoappealingwillhelpyourealizethedangerorpullingoutyourphone.Multitaskingfeelslikedoingtwothingsatthesametime,soitseemsthedangerliesinaskingonementalprocesstodotwounrelatedthings--fortextingdrivers,watchingthescreenandtheroad.Twentystateshaveinstitutedbansondrivingusingahand-heldphonewhilestillallowinghands-freecalls.Yethands-freeorhand-heldmakesnodifference.69Therealproblemistheswitchofattentionbetweentheconversationandroad,andthataffectsperformance.Pleasesensethis,andwhenonthephonetheydriveslowerandincreasetheirfollowingdistance,buttheyarefartooconfidentthatthesemeasuresreducerisks.Thisoverconfidenceextendstootheractivities.A2015surveyshowedthatamajorityofstudentswhousesocialmedia,textorwatchTVwhilestudyingthinkthattheycanstillcomprehendthematerialthey’restudying.Peopledon'tmultitaskmerelybecausetheyseenoharminit;theyseebenefits.70Mostpeoplewillstillchoosetomultitask.Buttheyshould,attheveryleast,befullyawareofhowthatchoiceaffectsthemandthepotentialconsequencesforthemselvesandothers.Theyneedtopayattentiontohowmuch--orhowlittle--theyarepayingattention.SummaryWriting

71.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.71.TheZeigarnikEffectHaveyoueverfoundyourselfthinkingaboutapartiallyfinishedprojectforschoolorworkwhenyouweretryingtofocusonotherthings?OrperhapsyouwonderedwhatwouldhappennextinyourfavoriteTVshoworfilmseries.Ifyouhave,you ’veexperiencedtheZeigarnikYoueffect.tendtorememberunfinishedtasksbetterthanfinishedtasks.KnowledgeoftheZeigarnikeffectcanbeputintouseineverydaylife.Theeffectisespeciallywellsuitedforhelpingovercomeprocrastinationordelayinganactiontoalatertime.Weoftenputoffbigtasksthatseemoverwhelming.However,theZeigarnikeffectsuggeststhatthekeytoovercomingprocrastinationistojustgetstarted.Thefirststepcouldbesomethingsmallandseeminglyinsignificant.Infact,it’sprobablybestifit’ssomethingfeasy.TheZeigarnikeffectcanbeusefulforstudentswhoarestudyingforanexam.Theeffecttellsusthatbreakingupstudyperiodscanactuallyimproverecall.Soinsteadofcrammingforanexamallinonesitting,breaksshouldbescheduledinwhichthestudentfocusesonsomethingelse.Thiswillcauseintrusive(侵入的)thoughts,enablingstudentstorehearseandconsolidatetheinformationthatmustberemembered,leadingtobetterrecallwhentheytaketheexam.TheZeigarnikeffectalsopointstoreasonswhypeoplemayexperiencementalhealthproblems.Ifanindividualleavesimportanttasksincomplete,theintrusivethoughtsthatresultcanleadtostress