世行東亞太平洋地區(qū)現(xiàn)有及將來擬進(jìn)行的水電業(yè)務(wù)

現(xiàn)有及將來擬進(jìn)行的水電業(yè)務(wù)

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RegionalContext地區(qū)背景OverviewofWorldBank’scontributiontohydropowerdevelopmentanditsinstitutional/social/environmentalimpacts世行開展的水電業(yè)務(wù)及其對機(jī)構(gòu)、社會和環(huán)境的影響WorldBank’sEnergyAssistanceStrategyinEAP世行在東亞太平洋地區(qū)的能源援助戰(zhàn)略–Howandwhatwecandotohelpsustainabledevelopmentofhydropower世行在水電可持續(xù)發(fā)展領(lǐng)域如何提供幫助？提供什么幫助？Themountainisstillyoung群山尚年輕Theregionisvibrantinbotheconomicgrowthandurbanization亞洲地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長勢頭強(qiáng)勁，城市化發(fā)展速度迅猛RegionalContext地區(qū)背景RegionalContext地區(qū)背景The1997crisisdidnotdullpowerdemand1997年金融危機(jī)沒有影響電力需求05001,0001,5002,0002,5003,0001990199119921993199419951996199719981999200020012002EAPElectricityConsumption.TWh東亞太平洋地區(qū)電力消費(fèi)TW/H

...oilimportshavegrownat6%ayearsince199005101520251990199119921993199419951996199719981999200020012002MillionsofbarrelsadayEAPOilConsumptionEAPOilProductionIMPORTS...oilimportshavegrownat6%ayearsince1990自90年以來，石油進(jìn)口年增長6％05101520251990199119921993199419951996199719981999200020012002Millionsofbarrelsaday百萬桶/天EAPOilConsumption東亞太平洋地區(qū)石油消耗EAPOilProduction石油生產(chǎn)IMPORTS進(jìn)口EnergydemandisexpectedtogrowfastestinEastAsia(IEA2002)東亞能源需求將增長最快02,0004,0006,0008,00010,000200020102020MtoeUS&Canada美加EU15歐盟15國DevelopingEastAsia東亞發(fā)展中國家LatinAmerica拉美SouthAsia南亞RegionalContext地區(qū)背景CoaluseishighinEastAsia東亞用煤量大05001000NorthAmerica北美LatinAmerica&Caribbean拉美和加勒逼Europe&CentralAsia歐洲和中亞Africa非洲EastAsia東亞Aus-NZ新、澳SouthAsia南亞Mtoe,2002RegionalContext地區(qū)背景HighfossilfuelconsumptionisleadingtoincreasingGreenhouseGasemissions化石燃料高消耗導(dǎo)致溫室氣體排放增加012345671990199119921993199419951996199719981999200020012002BillionsoftonsofCO2fromfossilfuelconsumption化石燃料消耗產(chǎn)生數(shù)十億的二氧化碳China中國Indonesia,Vietnam&Philippines印尼、越南和菲律賓S.Korea,Thailand南韓、泰國,Malaysia馬來西亞USA美國Multilateralre-engaginginviablewaterresourceinfrastructuredevelopmentincludinghydropower,buttakingintoaccountsocial&environmentalconsiderations.多邊機(jī)構(gòu)重新進(jìn)行可行的水資源基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施項(xiàng)目，包括水電，但同時更加重視社會和環(huán)境影響RegionalContext地區(qū)背景WB’sContributionsandImpacts世行的貢獻(xiàn)和影響8722

NumberofActiveHydropowerProjects-byProductLine現(xiàn)有的水電項(xiàng)目數(shù)WB’sContributionsandImpacts世行的貢獻(xiàn)和影響WB’sContributionsandImpacts世行貢獻(xiàn)和影響Introducedprojectappraisalmethodwhichallowsincorporationofenvironmentalexternalitieswhencomparingdevelopmentalternatives;引進(jìn)了項(xiàng)目評估法，在對不同開發(fā)方案進(jìn)行比較時，將環(huán)境因素納入其中Introducedmodernprojectmanagementpractice(competitivebidding,relationshipbetweenowner/contractor/supervisionbodies);引入了現(xiàn)代項(xiàng)目管理方法（競爭性招標(biāo)，理順業(yè)主/合同方和監(jiān)理方的關(guān)系）DevelopedjointlywithChinesecounterpartadisciplinedapproachtohydropowerdevelopmentwithadequateattentiontosocialandenvironmentalsustainabilityincludingapovertyalleviationdimensionwhereverneeded;與中方共同發(fā)展了有效的水電開發(fā)方式，充分考慮社會和環(huán)境可持續(xù)性，同時還包括扶貧Usedresettlementasdevelopmentopportunities–Shuikou(FujianChina)example.開發(fā)式移民,如福建省水口項(xiàng)目WB’sContributionsandImpacts世行貢獻(xiàn)和影響

WB’sEnergyAssistanceStrategyinEAP

世行東亞太平洋地區(qū)能源援助戰(zhàn)略

Supporteconomicgrowthbyhelpingclientsmeetenergydemandinasustainablemanner幫助客戶國,以可持續(xù)方式,滿足能源需求，支持經(jīng)濟(jì)增長Improveenergysector’sabilityto

mobilizeinvestment

through

deepeningofreformandpublic-privatepartnerships深化改革和公共及私營部門合作，提高能源行業(yè)融資的能力

Promoterenewableenergyandenergyefficiency促進(jìn)可再生能源發(fā)展,提高能源效率

Scaleupinvestmentstoincrease

accesstomodernenergyservices擴(kuò)大投資規(guī)模，提高現(xiàn)代能源服務(wù)準(zhǔn)入

Promoteregionaltrade

ofenergy促進(jìn)地區(qū)能源貿(mào)易WB’sActivitiesforHydropowerDevelopmentinEAP世行東亞太平洋地區(qū)在水電領(lǐng)域的活動CurrentPipelineandPossibleFutureHydropowerProjects--someexamples目前滾動計(jì)劃內(nèi)項(xiàng)目和將來可能進(jìn)行的水電項(xiàng)目NamTheun2–projectpreparationatadvancedstageNamTheun二期項(xiàng)目準(zhǔn)備階段即將完畢ChinaRenewableEnergyScale-upProject(includessmallhydrorehabilitationinZhejiang)–projectpreparationatadvancedstage中國可再生能源規(guī)模擴(kuò)大化項(xiàng)目（包括浙江小水電改造）準(zhǔn)備階段即將完畢GreaterMekongSub-region(GMS)hydropowerdevelopment大湄公河流域水電開發(fā)Vietnamhydropowerdevelopmentprogram越南水電開發(fā)項(xiàng)目Timor-LesteIraLalaroproject東帝汶IraLalaro項(xiàng)目Whatcanwedotohelp?我們能做什么？Jointeffortswithgovernments/clientsforenvironmentalandsocialsafeguards–canwerelymoreoncountrysystems?與政府/客戶國攜手共抓環(huán)保和社會事宜－可否更多地依靠本國的系統(tǒng)體制？Financialassistanceinprojectpipelinepreparation–pre-feasibilitystudy;對項(xiàng)目準(zhǔn)備的財(cái)務(wù)援助－預(yù)可研LeveragingprivatefinancingthroughIBRD/IDAinvestments,provisionofcreditenhancementsupportsuchasguarantees(MIGA,PRG,PCG),inadditiontopolicydialogue;除政策對話外，通過IBRD/IDA投資，提供信貸支持，如擔(dān)保（MIGA，PRG，PCG）吸引更多的私營投資WB’sActivitiesforHydropowerDevelopmentinEAP世行東亞太平洋地區(qū)在水電領(lǐng)域的活動Whatcanwedotohelp?我們能做什么？Channelinggrants(GEF,Carbonfinancing,othertrustfunds)toimprovecommercialviability;爭取贈款（全球環(huán)境基金，碳基金及其他贈款）提高商業(yè)效益Leveragingregionalenergyresourcesthroughenergytrade–StrategicframeworkforGMSgridinterconnectionandpowertrade.通過能源貿(mào)易，如大湄公河電網(wǎng)聯(lián)網(wǎng)和電力交易戰(zhàn)略框架，增加地區(qū)能源資源WB’sActivitiesforHydropowerDevelopmentinEAP世行東亞太平洋地區(qū)在水電領(lǐng)域的活動WB’sActivitiesforHydropowerDevelopmentinEAP世行東亞太平洋地區(qū)在水電領(lǐng)域的活動CarbonFinancing碳資助Hydropowergeneratesemissionsreductionbydisplacingfossilfuelgeneration水電代替化石燃料發(fā)電，減少排放Emissionreductionsarecalculatedrelativetoabaseline(“withoutproject”case)andsubjecttovalidationbyanindependentvalidator減排計(jì)算相對于基線而言，需要得到獨(dú)立驗(yàn)證機(jī)構(gòu)的驗(yàn)證WB’sActivitiesforHydropowerDevelopmentinEAP世行東亞太平洋地區(qū)在水電領(lǐng)域的活動CarbonFinancing碳資助Priceofcarbonemissionreductioncreditsdependson:碳減排得