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2022-2023年福建省泉州市大學英語6級大學英語六級學校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________
一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.
Oneofthesimilaritiessharedbyallthemethodsofalteringdreamsistoreduce______.
2.Fishes
Thetermfishisappliedtoavarietyofcold-bloodedaquaticvertebratesofseveralevolutionarylines.Fishsharecertainfeatureswithothervertebrates.Thesefeaturesaregillslits(鰓裂)atsomepointinthelifecycle,anotochord(脊索),orskeletalsupportingrod,adorsalhollownervecord,andatail.
Thestudyoffishes,thescienceofichthyology(魚類學),isofbroadimportance.Therearemanyreasonswhyfishesareofinteresttohumans;themostimportantistheirrelationshipwithanddependenceontheenvironment.Amoreobviousreasonforinterestinfishesistheirroleasamoderatebutimportantpartoftheworld'sfoodsupply.Thisresource,oncethoughtunlimited,isnowrealizedtobefiniteandindelicatebalancewiththebiological,chemical,andphysicalfactorsoftheaquaticenvironment.Overfishing,pollution,andalterationoftheenvironmentarethechiefenemiesofproperfisheriesmanagement,bothinfreshwatersandintheocean.
Anotherpracticalreasonforstudyingfishesistheiruseindiseasecontrol.Aspredatorsonmosquitolarvae,theyhelpcurbmalariaandothermosquitobornediseases.Fishesarevaluablelaboratoryanimalsinmanyaspectsofmedicalandbiologicalresearch.Forexample,thereadinessofmanyfishestoacclimatetocaptivityhasallowedbiologiststostudybehaviour,physiology,andevenecologyunderrelativelynaturalconditions.Fisheshavebeenespeciallyimportantinthestudyofanimalbehaviourwhereresearchonfisheshasprovidedabroadbasefortheunderstandingofthemoreflexiblebehaviourofthehighervertebrates.
Thereareaestheticandrecreationalreasonsforaninterestinfishes.Millionsofpeoplekeeplivefishesinhomeaquariumsforthesimplepleasureofobservingthebeautyandbehaviourofanimalsotherwiseunfamiliartothem.Tomany,aquariumfishesprovideapersonalchallenge,allowingthemtotesttheirabilitytokeepasmallsectionofthenaturalenvironmentintheirhomes.Sportfishingisanotherwayofenjoyingthenaturalenvironment,alsoindulgedinbymillionsofpeopleeveryyear.Interestinaquariumfishesandsportfishingsupportmultimilliondollarindustriesthroughouttheworld.
Fisheshavebeeninexistenceformorethan450,000,000years,duringwhichtimetheyhaveevolvedrepeatedlytofitintoalmosteveryconceivabletypeofaquatichabitat.Inasense,landvertebratesaresimplyhighlymodifiedfishes,forwhenfishescolonizedthelandhabitattheybecametetrapod(四足的)landvertebrates.Thepopularconceptionofafishasaslippery,streamlinedaquaticanimalthatpossessesfinsandbreathesbygillsappliestomanyfishes,butfarmorefishesdeviatefromthatconceptionthanconform.toit.Forexample,thebodyiselongateinmanyformsandgreatlyshortenedinothers;thebodyisflattenedinsome(principallyinbottom-dwellingfishes)andlaterallycompressedinmanyothers;thefinsmaybeelaboratelyextended,formingintricateshapes,ortheymaybereducedorevenlost;andthepositionsofthemouth,eyes,nostrils,andgillopeningsvarywidely.Airbreathershaveappearedinseveralevolutionarylines.
Manyfishesarecrypticallycolouredandshaped,closelymatchingtheirrespectiveenvironments;othersareamongthemostbrilliantlycolouredofallorganisms,withawiderangeofhues,oftenofstrikingintensity,onasingleindividual.Thebrillianceofpigmentsmaybeenhancedbythesurfacestructureofthefish,sothatitalmostseemstoglow.Anumberofunrelatedfisheshaveactuallight-producingorgans.Manyfishesareabletoaltertheircoloration,someforthepurposeofcamouflage,othersfortheenhancementofbehavioralsignals.
Fishesrangeinadultlengthfromlessthan10millimetrestomorethan20metresandinweightfromabout1.5gramstomanythousandsofkilogr
A.YB.NC.NG
3.
Thefactthatcomparativeadvantageofanactivitydisplacesthatoftheotheronecouldmoderatetheconflictof______.
4.
Drinkplentyoffluidsisparticularlyimportantforelderlypeoplewhohaveafever.
A.YB.NC.NG
5.
TheKyotoProtocolrequires____--tocurbGHGemissions,especiallyCO
6.
AtypeofNorthAmericancrowcan______mostofthepineseedsitburiedeventheyareindeepsnow.
A.eatupB.retrieveC.crackD.lose
7.UniversityRecruiting
Theprosperousrecruiting
Asitturnsout,thisseductionofcollegestudentsbyrecruitersatinvestmentbanksandconsultingfirmsismorecampuslegendthanreality—theexceptionandcertainlynottherule.SterlingWitzke,asenioratStanfordUniversitywhosignedonwithMercerManagementConsultinginChicago,saysshegotaglimpseoflifeinthefastlane,butnotes,"Mostofmyfriendswhowentthroughtheprocessdidnotgetthistypeoftreatment."Indeed,thecourtshipisnotassalaciousasurbanlegendwouldhaveusbelieve
Whileprospectiverecruitsmaynotbedestinedforahotcluborevenalow-downstripclub,America'sleadinginvestmentbanksandconsultingfirmsare,infact,recruitingmoreaggressivelyoncollegecampusesthaneverbefore.Despiteasputteringoveralleconomythathasreducedcollegerecruitingbyold-linegiantslikeIBMorGM,I-banksandlargeconsultantfirmsboostedtheirrecruitingeffortsonkeycampusesbyabout15%lastyear--atrendthatisexpectedtocontinue,accordingtoTrudySteinfeld,ExecutiveDirectoratNewYorkUniversity'sOfficeofCareerServices."Bankingandconsultingareleadingthewayinthisveryrobustrecruitingseason,"saysSteinfeld.
Asotherseniorsembarkonadesperatejobsearchandpileuptherejectionletters,thosewiththeireyesontheinvestmentbanking/consultantworldarebombardedbyfervententreatiesandhostedataseriesofeventsrangingfrominformationsessionstoexpensivedinners.Andmostimportantofall,therearejobswaiting--withthepromiseofthatpotofgold--attheendoftheirrainbow."Alotoftheemployersarebecomingmoreproactiveanddetermined,"saysBarbaraHewitt,associatedirectorofcareerservicesforundergraduatesattheWhartonSchooloftheUniversityofPennsylvania."Becausetheireconomyandjobmarketaresogoodnow,they'refindingitveryhardtogetallofthestudentswhattheywant.Thereisjustalotmorecompetitionontheemployers'sideatthispoint,andtheyarefeelingmorepressuretostepuptheircampusrecruiting.
Recruitingworkintheuniversity
Thefieldcanbeaperfectmatchforstudentsnotyetcertainoftheirultimatecareerdestinationorthosewhohaveanurgentneedtopayoffcollegeloansbeforepursuingthenextdegree.Thesefirmsthriveon"humancapital"andthereforeputapremiumonattractingbright,ambitiousyoungpeople,explainsoneWhartonalum.Withtheirofficesbuzzingpast2a.m.,thereissignificantturnover.Thustheyvaluefreshlymintedcollegegradswhowanttoout-competetheirpeersandwhocanchurnouthigh-qualityworkonpreciouslittlesleep."TherewerenightswhenIsleptundermydesk,usingmyjacketasablanketandmykeyboardasapillow,"saysonerecentBrandeisgraduatewhoaskedthathisnamebewithheldbecausehiscompanydiscouragesemployeesfromtalkingtothepress.Yetdespitethehardworkandmanysleeplessnights,entry-levelpositionsatbigI-banksandconsultantsarethemostsought-afterjobsforgraduatingseniorsinterestedinfinanceandconsulting.
Theentry-leveljobsareunusuallylucrative,withfirst-yearanalystsmakingupto$120000.Moreover,thesepositionsprovideinvaluabletrainingforthosepursuingcareersinthefield."Mostpeopleleaveafterthefirsttwoyearsbecausetheygetburnedout,"explainstheBrandeisgrad,whoworksatatopinvestmentbank,"buttheskillsyoulearnareessentialtogettingthemostcoveted(令人垂涎的)jobsinfinancegoingforward,I-bankingisasteppingstonetoagreatbusinessschool,andmostimportantly,toagreatjob."
Therecruitingprocessstillbeginsinearnestinthefallofsenioryear,whenagroupofassociatesarrivesoncampustointerviewandselectapplicants.Inanefforttosignalthestudentsthattheyarenot
A.YB.NC.NG
8.
TheteaminvestigatedKennedyassassinationbycombiningthe______withsomehistoricalrecordsneverseenbythepublicbefore.
9.
Theauthordoesanassessmentofallhigh-riskurbanareasintheU.S.
A.YB.NC.NG
10.
Professionaltreatmentfromyourdentistworksbetterthanover-the-counterproductsin______.
11.AccordingtoAristotle,knowledgeacquisitionsshouldbepriortoathletictrainingsincebothdevelopmentcouldnothappen_______.
12.
75%ofthepressureonjointscanbereducedifyouswim______.
13.Comparedwiththeir1960scounterparts,theundergraduatesinMs.Blum'sresearchpreferto______.
A.challengethenotionofauthorshipandoriginality
B.establishauniqueandauthenticidentity
C.haveatryonmanydifferentpersonas
D.domoresocialworkbyWeb-linking
14.
InJapanesesystemtheemphasisisplacedon________.
15.
Insurancecompaniesusuallypaythesameamount______,Suttersays,sothehospitalisleftpickingupthetabforthemoreexpensiveroboticsurgery.
16.
Identifyingpotentialhazardsaheadoftimecanreducethedangersofseriousinjuryorlossoflifefromanearthquake.
A.YB.NC.NG
17.
Whensleddogsgetsufficientcarefromtheowner,theyusually______.
A.fightwithotherdogs
B.aretooheavytorun
C.arefriendlyandgentle
D.developreliabilityontheowner
18.Mostmodelspredictmorewarminginthetropospherethanatthesurface,whereasmostdatasets______.
19.
Afteranalyzingthefirsttimelog,theauthorfoundthathe______.
A.hadlongerofficehoursthanothers
B.spentmosttimecheckinge-mails
C.wastedmuchtimeunconsciously
D.wasonlyconcernedaboutwork
20.
Peace-keepingliesservetoprotecttheliarfrompossible______.
二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.聽力原文:Mostsingle-parentfamiliesresultwhenamarriageendsindivorce.(29)Inmostcasesthedivorcedparentsdecidewhowillhavethechildren.(30)About85percentofthechildrenlivewiththeirmotherafterdivorce.However.moredivorcedmenwanttheirchildrentolivewiththem.Sometimesadivorcecausesadisputeaboutwhowillcareforthechildren.Inthesecasesajudgedecides.Inanincreasingnumberofdisputes,ajudgeordersthatbothparentssharethechildren.Usuallythechildrenwilllivewithoneparent,andboththemotherandfatherwilltakepartindecisionsaffectingthem.Inothercasesthechildrenwilllivewiththemotherpartofthetime,andwiththefatherpartofthetime.Frankandhisdivorcedwife,forexample,shareresponsibilityforcaringfortheir6-yearolddaughter.ThelittlegirlliveswithFrankfor10days,thensheliveswithhermotherfor10days.
Inothereasesmencarefortheirchildrenalone.Tony,forexample,was18whenhisgirlfriendhadababy.Hisgirlfrienddisappearedandleftthebabybehind.Tonydecidedhewantedtocareforhissonbyhimself.Yethewasnotsureheknewbowtodoit.SohejoinedagroupinBostoncalledFathersIncorporated.Thegroupoffersadviceandskillstohelp.(31)Tonytakecareofhisson.Tonybelieveshecanbeagoodparent.Hesayswomenhavebeendoingthejobforalongtime."So,"hesays,"whynotmen?"
(30)
A.Father'sincorporated.
B.DivorceRate.
C.Single-parentfamilies.
D.Children'scareinsingle-parentfamilies.
22.(35)
A.Bygivinganattractiveaccountofthegoods.
B.Bygivingpeoplesomesamples.
C.Bygivingpeopleaspecialpromise.
D.Bygivingpeoplesomethingextra.
23.
【B5】
24.(15)
A.Thewomanisakind-heartedboss.
B.Thewomanisstrictwithheremployees.
C.Themanalwayshasexcusesforbeinglate.
D.Theman'salarmclockdidn'tworkthatmorning.
25.SectionA
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.
聽力原文:M:Thefronttireisflat,andtheseatneedstoberaised.
W:WhynottakeittoMr.Smith?
Q:WhatkindofworkdoesMr.Smithprobablydo?
(12)
A.Hefixesbicycles.
B.Heraisessheep.
C.Hesellschairs.
D.He'sagardener.
26.聽力原文:M:What'sMr.PetersongoingtodowithhisoldhouseonLondonRoad,rentitorsellit?
W:Iheardheisthinkingofturningitintoarestaurant,whichisn'tabadidea,becauseit'sstillasolidbuilding.
Q:WhatwillMr.Petersondowithhisoldhouse?
(19)
A.Hemayconvertitanduseitasarestaurant.
B.Hemaypullitdownandbuildanewrestaurant.
C.Hemayrentitoutforuseasarestaurant.
D.Hemaysellittotheownerofarestaurant.
27.聽力原文:M:Okay.MayIseeyourdriver'slicenseplease?
W:What?DidIdoanythingwrong?
M:License,please.Andyourcarregistration.
W:Oh,yeah.It'sheresomewhereintheglovecompartment.Yeah,hereitis.
M:Madame,didyourealizethatyouwerespeedinginaschoolzone?
W:What?No,Ididn't,butthat'sprobablybecausemyodometerisbroken,Imean,malfunctioning.
M:Yes,youweregoing50milesperhourin20milesperhourzone.And,youfailedtocometoacompletestopattheintersectionbackthere.
W:Rollingstopsdon'tcount?
M:And,oneofyourbreaklightsisout,you'renotwearingaseatbelt,andyourdriver'slicenseexpiredsixmonthsago.
W:AndyournameisOfficerSmith?Hey,areyourelatedtotheSmithsintown?Myhusband'scousin'shusband,IthinkhisnameisFred,worksforthepolicedepartmenthere.Oristhatthefiredepartment?Anyway,Ithoughtyoumightbegoodpals,andyouknow...
M:Hey,areyoutryingtoinfluenceanofficer?Icouldhavethiscarimpoundedrightnowbecauseoftheseinfractions.
W:No,ofcoursenot.
M:Okay,then,here'syourticket.Youcaneitherappearincourttopaythefineormailitin.Haveaniceday.
W:Doyoutakecash?
23.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?
24.Whatlawdidthewomanbreakintheschoolzone?
25.Whathappensattheendoftheconversation?
(20)
A.Employerandemployee.
B.Interviewerandinterviewee.
C.Teacherandstudent.
D.Policeofficeranddriver.
28.(43)
29.(25)
A.Herphonenumber.
B.Thelocationoftheapartment.
C.Thebesttimetocallher.
D.Herfirstname.
30.SectionB
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.
聽力原文:Mostsingle-parentfamiliesresultwhenamarriageendsindivorce.Inmostcasesthedivorcedparentsdecidewhowillhavethechildren.About85percentofthechildrenlivewiththeirmotherafterdivorce.However,moredivorcedmenwanttheirchildrentolivewiththem.Sometimesadivorcecausesadisputeaboutwhowillcareforthechildren.Inthesecasesajudgedecides.Inanincreasingnumberofdisputes,ajudgeordersthatbothparentssharethechildren.Usuallythechildrenwilllivewithoneparent,andboththemotherandfatherwilltakepartindecisionsaffectingthem.Inothercasesthechildrenwilllivewiththemotherpartofthetime,andwiththefatherpartofthetime.Frankandhisdivorcedwife,forexample,shareresponsibilityforcaringfortheir6-year-olddaughter.ThelittlegirlliveswithFrankfor10days,thensheliveswithhermotherfor10days.
Inothercasesmencarefortheirchildrenalone.Tony,forexample,was18whenhisgirlfriendhadababy.Hisgirlfrienddisappearedandleftthebabybehind.Tonydecidedhewantedtocareforhissonbyhimself.Yethewasnotsureheknewhowtodoit.SohejoinedagroupinBostoncalledFathersIncorporated.Thegroupoffersadviceandskillstohelp.Tonytakescareofhisson.Tonybelieveshecanbeagoodparent.Hesayswomenhavebeendoingthejobforalongtime."So,"hesays,"whynotmen?"
26.Whatisthemaintopicofthispassage?
27.Whomwillmostchildrenlivewithaftertheirparentsaredivorced?
28.WhatdoesTonymeanbysaying"Whynotmen"?
(27)
A.DivorceRate.
B.FathersIncorporated.
C.Single-parentfamilies.
D.Children'scareinsingle-parentfamilies.
31.聽力原文:Thisistoday'ssportsnews.
Intheworldoftennis,theLondonInternationalTennisTournamentendedtoday.SamuelCoxoftheUnitedStateswasthewinnerwithLloydSmith,ofGreatBritain,finishingsecond.CoxscoredadecisivevictoryoverSmithinhisfirstmajorvictoryoutsidetheUnitedStates.HisvictoryalsomarkedthefirsttimethatanAmericanhaswontheLondonTennisTournamentinoverfiftyyears.TheonlyotherAmericantowinitwasFredJacksonin1938.Coxwonthetournamentquicklyinthreesets.Hestartedoutplayingaggressively,andtheoverwhelmedSmithcouldnotkeepupwithitsoverpoweringserves.Coxtookhomethe$500,000cashprizeandSmithreceived$350,000.Whenaskedaboutthebigvictory,Coxstatedhejusthopestobeabletowinagaininnextmonth'stournamentsinParisandCopenhagen.
Intheworldofsoccer,CubaupsetGermany,lastyear'swinner,intheopeninggamesoftheInternationalSoccerCup.TheCubanteamwoninadifficultmatchthatlastedoverfivehours.Thematchwasintense,andtheirvictoryshockedmanywhobelievedthattheGermanteamcouldeasilydefeattherelativelyobscureCubanteam.TheGermancoach,noticeablydisappointedattheirfirstroundloss,toldreportersthathehopestotrainhisteamharderfornextyear'stournament.CubawillplayBrazilinthenextgametomorrow.Overjoyedattheirsurprisevictory,theyhopetocontinuethiswinningstreakandeventuallycapturethetournament.
(33)
A.Paris.B.Copenhagen.C.NewYork.D.London.
32.
【B2】
33.(22)
A.Shedoesnottrustonlinetrade.
B.Sheneverfindsthesamephonenumber.
C.Sheisorganizedbuthasabadmemory.
D.Sheneverknowswhatisinherpurse.
34.(32)
A.Tohelpcareeristsandworkaholicsmovetocomprehensivedevelopment.
B.Tourgecareeristsandworkaholicstoworkharder.
C.Tocombinecareerists'andworkaholics'worktogether.
D.Toalarmcareeristsandworkaholics.
35.(14)
A.Whereisthemanagernow?
B.Whowillbehisnewmanager?
C.Whetherhismanagerisill.
D.Whenthemanagerwillgototheheadquarters.
36.(36)
A.45minutes.B.60minutes.C.90minutes.D.40minutes.
37.
【B7】
38.(21)
A.HemetsomeonefromAfrica.
B.HewantstogotoapartyinSacramento.
C.Hecallsthewomanonthetelephone.
D.Heinvitesthewomantohishouse.
39.(38)
40.(28)
A.Fiftyundergroundstationsweremadewaterproof.
B.Afloodwallwasbuilt.
C.Analarmsystemwassetup.
D.Rescueteamswereformed.
三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.
Theauthorbringsintheexampleofaparentstrivingtomakelifebetterforhischildrentomakethepointthat______.
A.individualmotivationwouldbedestroyedbyuniforms
B.parentslovetheirchildren
C.uniformscausedissensionbetweenparentsandchildren
D.parentshaveresponsibilitiestotheirchildren
42.
Whatisregardedasthemostrecentversionofthe"tulipcraze"'?
43.ChristineBlowerheldthatthelonghoursofwork______.
A.wereanessentialrequirementofthesociety
B.hadaverybadeffectonteachershealth
C.werenecessaryforteachingandlearning
D.wereacceptabletomanyclassroomteachers
44.SectionA
Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.
Itwas3:45inthemorningwhenthevotewasfinallytaken.Aftersixmonthsofarguingandfinal16hoursofhotparliamentarydebates,Australia'sNorthernTerritorybecamethefirstlegalauthorityintheworldtoallowdoctorstotakethelivesofincurablyillparentswhowishtodie.Themeasurepassedbytheconvincingvoteof15to10.AlmostimmediatelywordflashedontheInternetandwaspickedup,halfaworldaway,byJohnHofsess,executivedirectoroftheRighttoDieSocietyofCanada.Hesentitonviathegroup'son-lineservice,DeathNET.SaysHofsess:"Wepostedbulletinsalldaylong,becauseofcoursethisisn'tjustsomethingthathappenedinAustralia.It'sworldhistory."
Thefullimportmaytakeawhiletosinkin.TheNTRightsoftheTerminallyⅢlawhasleftphysiciansandcitizensaliketryingtodealwithitsmoralandpracticalimplications.Somehavebreathedsighsofrelief,others,includingchurches,righttolifegroupsandtheAustralianMedicalAssociation,bitterlyattackedthebillandthehasteofitspassage.Butthetideisunlikelytoturnback.InAustralia--whereanagingpopulation,lifeextendingtechnologyandchangingcommunityattitudeshaveallplayedtheirpart--otherstatesaregoingtoconsidermakingasimilarlawtodealwitheuthanasia.IntheUSandCanada,Wheretherighttodiemovementisgatheringstrength,observersarewaitingforthedominoestostartfalling.
UnderthenewNorthernTerritorylaw,anadultpatientcanrequestdeath--probablybyadeadlyinjectionorpill--toputanendtosuffering.Thepatientmustbediagnosedasterminallyillbytwodoctors.Aftera"coolingoffperiodofsevendays,thepatientcansignacertificateofrequest.After48hoursthewishfordeathcanbemet.ForLloydNickson,a54-year-oldDarwinresidentsufferingfromlungcancer,theNTRightsofTerminallyⅢlawmeanshecangetonwithlivingwithoutthehauntingtearofhissuffering:aterrifyingdeathfromhisbreathingcondition.Tmnotafraidofdyingfromaspiritualpointofview,butwhatIwasafraidofwashowI’dgo,becauseIhavewatchedpeopledieinthehospitalfightingforoxygenandclawingattheirmasks,"hesays.
Theword"Euthanasia"(towardstheendof2ndpara)means______.
45.SectionA
Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.
Studentswhoscorehighinachievementneedstendtomakehighergradesincollegethanthosewhoscorelow.Whendegreeaptitudeforcollegework,asindicatedbyCollegeEntranceExaminationBoardTests,isheldconstant,engineeringstudentswhoscorehighinachievementneedstendtomakehighergradesincollegethantheaptitudetestscoreswouldindicate.
Wecandefinethisneedasthehabitualdesiretodousefulworkwell.Itisasalientinfluencecharacteristicofthosewhoneedlittlesupervision.Theirdesireforaccomplishmentisastrongermotivationthananystimulationthesupervisorcanprovide.Individualswhofunctionintermsofthisdrivedonot"bluff"inregardtoajobthattheyfailtodowell.
Someemployeeshaveastrongdriveforsuccessintheirwork;othersaresatisfiedwhentheymakealiving.Thosewhowanttofeelthattheyaresuccessfulhavehighaspirationforthemselves.Thoughtsconcerningtheachievementdriveareoftenprominentintheevaluationsmadebythetypicalemploymentinterviewerwhointerviewscollegeseniorsforexecutivetraining.Hewantstofindoutwhethertheseniorhasastrongdrivetogetaheadormerelytoholdajob.Researchindicatesthatsomewhodogetaheadhaveanevenstrongerdrivetoavoidfailure.
Whatisthemainsubjectofthispassage?
46.
Fromthepassage,itcanbeinferredthat______.
A.rewardsarehighlyeffectiveinAmerica
B.rewardsarenotmuchsought-afterinacademiccircles
C.rewardshavelonglosttheirappealinAmericansociety
D.Americansareaddictedtorewards
47.
Accordingtothepassage,asemploymentbecameadominantform.ofwork,______.
A.womenwerelefttoworkathomes
B.oldpeopletendtoliveamoreactivelife
C.womenenjoymoreworkingopportunities
D.menandwomenbegintosharethehouseholdwork
48.
Whichstatementbestdescribestheauthor'sfeelingsaboutthewar?
A.Itwaseverrealforhim,thoughhemightnotactivelyinvolved.
B.Itwasrealforhimbecausehewasasoldieratthattime.
C.Itwasveryunrealtohim.
D.Thewarwasverydisruptivetothepeopleathome.
49.
Whydopatentexpertsbelieveitistraditionallysafetotakeideasfromotherareasofprint?
50.Inthedevelopedcountries,thedominantfactorinthenextsocietywillbesomethingtowhichmostpeopleareonlyjustbeginningtopayattention:therapidgrowthintheolderpopulationandtherapidshrinkingoftheyoungergeneration.Politicianseverywherestillpromisetosavetheexistingpensionssystem,buttheyandtheirconstituentsknowperfectlywellthatinanother25yearspeoplewillhavetokeepworkinguntiltheirmid-70s,healthpermitting.
Whathasnotyetsunkinisthatagrowingnumberofolderpeoplesaythoseover50willnotkeeponworkingastraditionalfull-timenine-to-fiveemployees,butwillparticipateinthelaborforceinmanynewanddifferentways:astemporaries,aspart-timers,asconsultants,onspecialassignmentsandsoon.Whatusedtobepersonnelandarenowknownashumanresourcesdepartmentsstillassumethatthosewhoworkforanorganizationarefull-timeemployees.Employmentlawsandregulationsarebasedonthesameassumption.Within20or25years;however,perhapsasmanyashalfthepeoplewhoworkforanorganizationwillnotbeemployedbyit,certainlynotonafull-timebasis.Thiswillbeespeciallytrueforolderpeople.Newwaysofworkingwithpeopleatarm'slengthwillincreasinglybecomethecentralmanagerialissueofemployingorganizations,andnotjustofbusinesses.
Theshrinkingoftheyoungerpopulationwillcauseanevengreaterupheaval,ifonlybecausenothinglikethishashappenedsincethedyingcenturiesoftheRomanEmpire.Ineverysingledevelopedcountry,butalsoinChinaandBrazil,thebirthrateisnowwellbelowthereplacementrateof2.2livebirthsperwomanofreproductiveage.Politically,thismeansthatimmigrationwillbecomeanimportantandhighlydivisiveissueinallrichcountries.Itwillcutacrossalltraditiona
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