2021屆中考英語閱讀理解強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練五文化類

2021屆中考英語閱讀理解強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練（五）

文化類（一）Howdoyouspendyoursparetime?Therewillbedifferentanswerstoit.MostpeopleinPolandhavetheirownwaysofspendingfreetime.Sometimestheyjustwanttohavearest,buttheytrytodosomethingmorepleasantmostofthetime.Theyhavemanydifferenthobbies,whichhelpthemtogetawayfromtheireverydayproblemsandspendtheirfreetimehappily.ManyPolishpeopleliketravelling.Theylookfornewplacesthattheyhaveneverbeentoandaddnewandexcitingexperiencestotheirjourney.Someofthemliketoclimbmountains,othersliketogototheseaoralaketoswim,becausethesecanmakethemgetexerciseandaregoodfortheirhealth.ManyPolishpeoplealsoliketowatchsportsintheirfreetime.Theyareusuallycrazyaboutfootball,andfootballisregardedasthePolishnationalsport.Manyfootballfansmaysupportacertainteam,sotheygotowatcheverymatchoftheteamtheysupport,andtheybuymanythingsthathaveanyrelationwiththeteam.Watchingasportanddoingitarebothgoodwaystorelax.Inaddition,doctorssaythatdoingsportsisverygoodforthehealth.Manypeopleintown,especiallyyoungmen,oftengotothegymtoattendtheexerciseclassestokeepfit.Besidestheseways,Polishpeoplehavemanyotherwaystospendtheirfreetime.Andtheyreallyenjoytheirfreetime..Polishpeoplehavemanydifferenthobbiesinorderto.A.solvetheirdailyproblems B.finishalltheirworkC.makesomefriends D.relaxthemselvesintheirsparetime.WhydosomePolishpeoplelikeclimbingmountains?A.Becausetheyhatetravelling. B.Becausetheycangetexercisefromit.C.Becausetheycanfindanewplace. D.Becauseitiscomfortableandfunny..WhichofthefollowingsportsisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.Playingfootball.B.Climbingmountains.C.Skating. D.Swimming..WhatisthemainideaofParagraph3?A.FootballismanyPolishpeople'sfavouritesport.B.YoungPolishpeopleoftengotothegym.C.AllthePolishpeopledosportsintheirsparetime.D.MostPolishpeopledon'tlikewatchingsports..Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Polishcultureiscolourful.B.Polishpeoplehavemanywaysofspendingfreetime.C.Adoctorcangiveyougoodadvice.D.Thereisnoneedtodosportsoroutdooractivities.（二）LastsummerIwenttooneoftheworld'smostfamoushistoricalplaces,theForbiddenCityinBeijing,China.Itwasthehomeoftheemperorsofthelasttwodynasties（朝代）inChina,theMingandQingdynasties.TheForbiddenCitywascompletedin1420.Thepalacehasabout9,000rooms.Itwastherethattheemperorsdealtwiththeofficialbusinesswiththeirministers.InMandarin（普通話）,theForbiddenCityiscalled"ZijinCheng".However,thecolourofthepalaceitselfisnotpurple.Thecolourpurple（"Zi"）standsforthepowerofthegreatemperorsofChina.Itwassosacred（神圣的）thatthecommonerscouldnotevendreamofevergoingin.TheemperoralsohadsomeofthelargestfestivalcelebrationsattheForbiddenCity.DuringChineseNewYear,theemperorwouldinviteallthemembersofhisfamilyandhisofficialstoabanquet.ThebanquethadahundredandeightChinesedishes.Itwassuchanexpensivebanquetthatitcouldfeedacommoner'sfamilyforthreegenerations代）.RightnowtheForbiddenCityisknownasahistoricalsitefortouristsfromallovertheworld.Everyonecangointoit.ItisamuseumwithpricelessChineseantiques古董）andtreasures.IreallylearntalotabouttheChinesecultureanditshistoryfromthistriptotheForbiddenCity.ItwaslikeadreamcomingtruetogoonthetripandseethethingsthatIhadalwayswantedtosee..HowlongisthehistoryoftheForbiddenCity?A.About600years.B.About9,000years.C.1,420years. D.Over10,000years..Wecallthepalace"ZijinCheng"becausethecolourpurpleisthesymbolfortheoftheemperor.A.power B.fame C.wealth D.health.What'stheChinesemeaningoftheunderlinedword"banquet"inParagraph4?A.表演 B.比賽 C.展覽 D.宴會(huì).WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouttheForbiddenCityinthepassage?A.Theemperorslivedthere. B.Thewallofitispurple.C.Itisahistoricalplaceforvisiting. D.Theemperorhadfestivalcelebrationsthere.5.InthepassagethewriterwantstoshowusoftheForbiddenCity.A.thebeauty B.thetreasuresC.thechangesinuseD.thebuildingprocess（三）Livinginaforeigncountrycanbeexciting,butitcanalsobeconfusing（令人迷惑的）.AgroupofAmericanswhotaughtEnglishinothercountriesrecentlydiscussedtheirexperiences.Theydecidedthatmiscommunicationswerealwayspossible,evenoversomethingassimpleas"yes"and"no".OnherfirstdayinMicronesia,anislandinthePacific,Lisathoughtpeopleweren'tpayinganyattentiontoher.Thedaywashot.Shewentintoastoreandasked,"Doyouhavecolddrinks?"Thewomantheredidn'tsayanything.Lisarepeatedthequestion.Stillthewomansaidnothing.Shelaterlearnedthatthewomanhadansweredher.Shehadraisedhereyebrows（眉毛）,whichinMicronesiameans"yes".JanrememberedanexperienceshehadinBulgaria,acountryinEurope.Shewenttoarestaurantthatwasknownforitscabbage（卷心菜）.Sheaskedthewaiter,"Doyouhavecabbagetoday?"Henoddedhishead.Janwaited,butthecabbagenevercame.Inthatcountry,anodmeans"no".TomhadasimilarproblemwhenhearrivedinIndia.Afterexplainingsomethinginclass,heaskedhisstudentsiftheyunderstood.Theyansweredwithmanydifferentnodsandshakesofthehead.Hethoughtsomestudentshadnotunderstood,soheexplainedagain.Whenheaskedagain,theydidthesamething.Hesoonfoundoutthathisstudentsdidunderstand.InIndia,peoplenodandshaketheirheadsindifferentwaysdependingon（取決于）wheretheycomefrom.Youhavetoknowwhereapersonisfromtounderstandwhethertheymean"yes"or"no"..TheseAmericansteachingEnglishinothercountriesfoundthatthey.

A.shouldgoabroadforvacations B.neededtolearnforeignlanguagesC.shouldoftendiscusstheirexperiencesD.hadproblemswithcommunications.PeopleinMicronesiashow"yes"by.A.noddingheadsB.raisingeyebrowsC.shakingheadsD.saying"no".Tommisunderstoodhisclassatfirstbecause.A.hedidnotknowmuchaboutIndiancultureB.hedidn'texplaineverythingclearlyenoughC.somestudentsdidn'tunderstandhisquestionsD.hedidn'tknowwherethestudentscamefrom.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothispassage?A.InBulgaria,noddingheadsmeans"no".B.JantaughtEnglishonaPacificisland.A.InBulgaria,noddingheadsmeans"no".B.JantaughtEnglishonaPacificisland.C.Lisawastryingtobuysomecabbage.D.InIndia,onlyshakingheadsmeans"yes".C.Lisawastryingtobuysomecabbage.D.InIndia,onlyshakingheadsmeans"yes"..ThepassageismainlyaboutbodylanguageinforeignrestaurantsclassdiscussioninIndianschoolsbodylanguageinforeignrestaurantsclassdiscussioninIndianschoolsC.miscommunicationsindifferentculturesD.Englishteachinginothercountries(四)ThereisatownnearSuzhou.Itisveryinterestingandbeautiful.ThisisLuxiang,anoldtown.LuxiangwasbuiltintheSouthernSongDynasty(11277279).Thereweremanyfamouspeoplelivinginthetownatthattime.Therearearound30oldbuildingsofMingandQing(1644~1912)dynastiesnow.Peopleliveasimplelife.Sixlanes(巷)inthetowngotoTaihuLake.Luxianglooksmorebeautifulinspring,withmanyteatreesandfruitgardens.ThisplaceisfamousfortheteacalledBiluochun.TheEgyptianpyramidswerebuiltaround2,560B.C.ThelargestoneofthemistheGreatPyramidofKhufu.TheKing,Khufu,builtitashistomb.TheGreatPyramidwasconsideredauniquebuildinginthe19thcenturyA.D.Atthattime,itwasstillthetallestintheworld.Accordingtoscientificresearch,Khufuorderedhismentobuilditstonebystone.Thebiggeststoneweighs15tons,andeachstonewasfixedsowell.TheGreatPyramidhasfoursidesandeachsideis230.4metreslongand146.5metreshigh.Atthattime,therewerenomodernmachinesorequipment,sohowdidtheancientEgyptiansbuildit?Tothisday,itisstillamystery..ManyfamouspeoplewerelivinginLuxiang.A.from1127to1279 B.from1644to1912C.from1127to1644 D.from1279to1912.Luxiangisfamousfor.A.fruitgardensB.teatrees C.Biluochun D.sixlanesnordertobuildhistomb,theKingKhufubuilt.A.theancientpyramids B.theEgyptainpyramidsC.theGreatPyramid D.themysteriouspyramids4.BuildingtheGreatPyramidisstillamysterynow,because.eachstonewasfixedwelltherewerenomodernmachinesorequipmentthenitwasmadeofstonesitwasthetallestbuildingintheworld5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?EachsideoftheGreatPyramidis230.4metreslongand146.5metreswide.LuxiangisfarawayfromSuzhou.Luxianglooksmorebeautifulexceptspring.Inthe19thcenturyA.D.,theGreatPyramidwasspecialandunusual.（五）Peopleuselanguagestocommunicate.Anylanguagehasitswaystoexpresspeople'sminds.Oneofthewaysincommonistheuseofidioms.Anidiomisagroupofwords.Ithasaspecialmeaningthatisdifferentfromtheusualmeaning.Forexample,undertheweatherisanidiommeaningill.Sowhenpeoplesay"I'mundertheweather."theyaresayingthatthey'renotfeelingwell.Anotherexample,inallweathersmeansinallkindsofweather.So,"Therearehomelesspeoplesleepingonthestreetsinallweathers"tellsusthathomelesspeoplesleeponthestreetsnomatterwhetheritiscoldorhot.Differentlanguagesmayhavedifferentwaystomakeidioms.Forpeoplewhoarelearningaforeignlanguage,idiomscouldcausemisunderstandingsandbringthemendlessheadaches.Ontheotherhandthingsaredoneright,idiomscanalsobeafunwayoflookingintoanewcultureandunderstandinghowthepeoplethinkandtalk.Metaphor（比喻）isoftenusedinidioms.Let'sreadthefollowingtwoexamples:Itmakesmybloodboil（煮沸）thenpeoplelitter.Thenightwasdarkandquiet;mybloodrancoldwhenIheardastrangenoiseoutsideatdarknight.Inneithersituationabove,ourbloodcanreachthepointsohighorsolowintemperature.Yet,withthesituationsthetwosentencescreated,itisnotdifficulttoworkouttheunhappyfeelingsofreallyangryinthefirstexampleandveryafraidinthesecond.Ofcourse,notallidiomsarethiseasytounderstand.Whenwecometoidiomsofaforeignlanguage,agooddictionaryofidiomsisalwayssuggested..ThispassagetellsussomethingaboutintheEnglishlanguage.A.grammar B.writing C.reading D.idioms2.Ifyourbrotherbreaksyourcomputer,youcansaytohim,"".A.I'mundertheweather B.I'mthereinallweathersC.You'vemademybloodboil D.Mybloodrunscold3.Whatisthewriter'sadvicewhenyoucometoanexpressionlikeundertheweather?A.Weshouldlookitupinagoodidiomdictionary.B.Weshouldtrytoexpressourmindswithit.C.Weshouldfindaninterestingwaytolearnit.D.Weshouldcreatesituationstoguessitsmeaning.（六）FormostpeopleintheWest,Valentine'sDay（情人節(jié)）iscelebratedonFebruary14,buthereinJapanit'sonMarch14—exactlyonemonthafterValentine'sDay—calledWhiteDay.ToreallyunderstandwhatWhiteDayisallabout,youhavetounderstandwhatValentine'sDayinJapanislike.JapaneseValentine'sDayisallaboutmengettingpresents.Japanesewomenareusuallytooshytoshowtheirlove,thoughitmightnotbetruetoday.Valentine'sDayisagreatchancetoletwomenshowtheirfeelings.Doesitsoundgoodtoyou?Don'tgettooexcitedwhenyougetchocolatefromJapanesegirls!Theygivechocolatenotonlylotheirlovedones,butalsotomensuchasbosses（老板）andmale（男性的）friends.MenshouldreturngiftstowomenonWhiteDay.Onbothdays,chocolateisthegiftofchoice.Moreoften,thecolourofthechocolateiswhite

becauseofthenameoftheday.Youcanalsobuyflowers,candies,orcookies.TheJapanesefirstcelebratedWhiteDayin1978.NowitisalsocelebratedinSouthKoreaandTaiwan,China.InJapan,WhiteDayison.A.February14 B.February15 C.March14 D.March15What'sthemostcommonWhiteDaygift?A.Whitechocolate. B.Flowers. C.Candies. D.Cookies.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?WhiteDayhasahistoryof100years.WomencangetgiftsonWhiteDay.PeopleallovertheworldcelebrateWhiteDay.OnWhiteDaygirlsonlygivegiftstotheirboyfriends.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheHistoryofValentine'sDay B.Valentine'sDayintheUSC.HowtoCelebrateWhiteDay D.WhiteDayinJapanThewriterofthispassagemaybefrom.A.JapanB.ChinaC.AmericaD.SouthKoreaA.JapanB.ChinaC.AmericaD.SouthKorea答案以及解析.答案：1-5.DBCAB解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的whichhelpthemtogetawayfromtheireverydayproblemsandspendtheirfreetimehappily可知，波蘭人有許多不同的愛好,目的是遠(yuǎn)離日常的問題,在業(yè)余時(shí)間放松自己，故選D項(xiàng)。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的"Someofthemliketoclimbmountains,othersliketogototheseaoralaketoswim,becausethesecanmakethemgetexerciseandaregoodfortheirhealth."可知，他們中的一些人喜歡爬山，其他人喜歡去大?；蚝从斡荆?yàn)檫@些可以讓他們得到鍛煉，并且對他們的健康有好處。故選B項(xiàng)。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二、三、四段可知，文章提到了踢足球、游泳和爬山，沒有提及滑冰，故選C項(xiàng)。.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段全段內(nèi)容,尤其是"Theyareusuallycrazyaboutfootball,andfootballisregardedasthePolishnationalsport."可知本段主要介紹足球是許多波蘭人最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng),故選A項(xiàng)。.主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了波蘭人有很多種度過業(yè)余時(shí)間的方式故選B項(xiàng)。答案：1-5AADBC解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的"TheForbiddenCitywascompletedin1420.可知紫禁城距今有大約600年的歷史了。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的"Thecolourpurple（'Zi'）standsforthepowerofthegreatemperorsofChina."可知"紫"代表中國皇帝的權(quán)力，故選A項(xiàng)。.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的"ThebanquethadahundredandeightChinesedishes."可知這個(gè)"banquet"有108道菜，由此可知選D項(xiàng)。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的"However,thecolourofthepalaceitselfisnotpurple.可知這座宮殿本身不是紫色的，因此選B項(xiàng)。.主旨大意題。文中作者通過對紫禁城古今的對比，旨在說明其在使用上的變化。答案：1-5DBAAC解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的"Theydecidedthatmiscommunicationswerealwayspossible"可知選D。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的"Shehadraisedhereyebrows,whichinMicronesiameans'yes'.可知選B。.推理判斷題。通讀最后一段我們可以知道湯姆起初誤解他的學(xué)生們是因?yàn)樗麑τ《任幕涣私狻９蔬xA。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的"inBulgaria"和"Inthatcou