閱讀理解解題技巧主旨專(zhuān)插本英語(yǔ)

閱讀理解解題技巧主旨專(zhuān)插本英語(yǔ)第1頁(yè)，共27頁(yè)，2023年，2月20日，星期日標(biāo)題類(lèi)試題常見(jiàn)的題干形式(1)Thebesttitleforthispassageis.(2)Thesuitableheadlineforthispassagemaybe(3)Thetitlethatbestexpressestheideaofthepassageis.(4)Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?(體現(xiàn)概括性,避免遠(yuǎn)離主題)第2頁(yè)，共27頁(yè)，2023年，2月20日，星期日2.文章主旨類(lèi)試題常見(jiàn)的題干形式(1)Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?(2)Thepassagetalksabout...(3)Thepassagetellsusthat...(4)Thispassagemainlydealswith...(5)What’sthemainidea/topicofthepassage?(體現(xiàn)全面性,避免以偏概全)第3頁(yè)，共27頁(yè)，2023年，2月20日，星期日3.段落主旨類(lèi)試題常見(jiàn)的題干形式(1)Themainideaofthesecondparagraphprobablyisthat.(2)Whatisthelastparagraphchieflyconcernedwith?(3)WhichofthefollowingcanbestsummarizeParagraphone?(4)What’sthemainideadiscussedinthefirstparagraph?(體現(xiàn)針對(duì)性,避免張冠李戴)第4頁(yè)，共27頁(yè)，2023年，2月20日，星期日

解題技巧技巧一：識(shí)別文體技巧二：找關(guān)聯(lián)詞技巧三:抓線索技巧四:找高頻詞第5頁(yè)，共27頁(yè)，2023年，2月20日，星期日技巧一：識(shí)別文體新聞報(bào)道導(dǎo)語(yǔ)提攜全文議論文總--分--總（論點(diǎn)－論據(jù)－結(jié)論）說(shuō)明文主題句（首－－中－－尾）記敘文記敘文六要素第6頁(yè)，共27頁(yè)，2023年，2月20日，星期日

On26January,AustraliaDay,inover200locationsacrossthenation,morethan9,000peoplewillbecomeAustraliancitiziens.

“Bythesecitizenshipceremonieswewelcomethosewhohavecomefromoverseasfrommanydifferentculturalandsocialbackgroundsintoourcommunitiesandournation,”saidtheMinisterforCitizenshipandMulticulturalAffairs.“AustraliaDaycelebrationsthatincludepeoplefromsomanybirthplacesareanezcellentwaytoencouragetolerance,respectandfriendshipamongallthepeopleofAustralia.”Mostcitizenshipceremonieswillbefollowedbydisplaysofsinginganddancingfrommanyofthemigrants’homelandsandthetastingoffoodfromallovertheworld.

第7頁(yè)，共27頁(yè)，2023年，2月20日，星期日OnAustraliaDay,________.

A.peoplesinganddancetogetherB.peopleenjoyAustraliafoodC.somepeoplefromoverseaswereacceptedasthecitizensinAustraliaD.peoplecantravelalloverAustralia第8頁(yè)，共27頁(yè)，2023年，2月20日，星期日Eg.2Smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth.Experimentsshowthatcigarettesmokingcancausecancer.Besidesthemostseriousandterribledisease(illness),cancer,cigarettesmokingalsocancauseotherhealthproblems.Forexample,itcangiveonea“smoker’scough”.Finally,studieshaveshownitiseasyforcigarettesmokerstocatchcolds.Whetheryougetanunimportantcoldorterriblekiller,cancer,smokingisharmful.Isitworthit?議論文總--分--總55．Whatisthemainidea?A.cigarettesmokingcancausecancerB.smokingcancausethemostseriousandterribledisease(illness)C.smokingalsocancauseotherhealthproblemsD.smokingisharmful.

D第9頁(yè)，共27頁(yè)，2023年，2月20日，星期日Eg.3PassageBReadingtodogsisanunusualwaytohelpchildrenimprovetheirliteracyskills(讀寫(xiě)能力).Withtheirshiningbrowneyes,waggingtails,andunconditionallove,dogscanprovidethenonjudgmentallistenersneededforabeginningreadertogainconfidence(自信心),accordingtoIntermountainTherapyAnimals(ITA)inSaltLakeCity.Thegroupsaysitisthefirstprograminthecountrytousedogstohelpdevelopliteracyinchildren,withtheintroductionofReadingEducationAssistanceDogs(READ).TheSaltLakeCityPublicLibraryissoldontheidea.“Literacyspecialistsadmitthatchildrenwhoreadbelowtheleveloftheirfellowpupilsareoftenafraidofreadingaloudinagroup,oftenhavelowerself-respect,andregardreadingasaheadache,”saidLisaMyron,managerofthechildren’sdepartment.LastNovemberthetwogroupsstarted“DogDayAfternoon”inthechildren’sdepartmentofthemainlibrary.About25childrenattendedeachofthefourSaturday-afternoonclasses,readingforhalfanhour.Thosewhoattendedthreeofthefourclassesreceiveda“pawgraphed”bookatthelastclass.TheprogramwassosuccessfulthatthelibraryplanstorepeatitinApril,accordingtoDanaThumpowsky,publicrelationsmanager.Whatismainlydiscussedinthetext?第10頁(yè)，共27頁(yè)，2023年，2月20日，星期日

eg.3PassageBReadingtodogsisanunusualwaytohelpchildrenimprovetheirliteracyskills(讀寫(xiě)能力).Withtheirshiningbrowneyes,waggingtails,andunconditionallove,dogscanprovidethenonjudgmentallistenersneededforabeginningreadertogainconfidence(自信心),accordingtoIntermountainTherapyAnimals(ITA)inSaltLakeCity.Thegroupsaysitisthefirstprograminthecountrytousedogstohelpdevelopliteracyinchildren,withtheintroductionofReadingEducationAssistanceDogs(READ).TheSaltLakeCityPublicLibraryissoldontheidea.“Literacyspecialistsadmitthatchildrenwhoreadbelowtheleveloftheirfellowpupilsareoftenafraidofreadingaloudinagroup,oftenhavelowerself-respect,andregardreadingasaheadache,”saidLisaMyron,managerofthechildren’sdepartment.LastNovemberthetwogroupsstarted“DogDayAfternoon”inthechildren’sdepartmentofthemainlibrary.About25childrenattendedeachofthefourSaturday-afternoonclasses,readingforhalfanhour.Thosewhoattendedthreeofthefourclassesreceiveda“pawgraphed”bookatthelastclass.TheprogramwassosuccessfulthatthelibraryplanstorepeatitinApril,accordingtoDanaThumpowsky,publicrelationsmanager.

Exampleandsuccessoftheprogram第11頁(yè)，共27頁(yè)，2023年，2月20日，星期日eg.3PassageBReadingtodogsisanunusualwaytohelpchildrenimprovetheirliteracyskills(讀寫(xiě)能力).Withtheirshiningbrowneyes,waggingtails,andunconditionallove,dogscanprovidethenonjudgmentallistenersneededforabeginningreadertogainconfidence(自信心),accordingtoIntermountainTherapyAnimals(ITA)inSaltLakeCity.Thegroupsaysitisthefirstprograminthecountrytousedogstohelpdevelopliteracyinchildren,withtheintroductionofReadingEducationAssistanceDogs(READ).TheSaltLakeCityPublicLibraryissoldontheidea.“Literacyspecialistsadmitthatchildrenwhoreadbelowtheleveloftheirfellowpupilsareoftenafraidofreadingaloudinagroup,oftenhavelowerself-respect,andregardreadingasaheadache,”saidLisaMyron,managerofthechildren’sdepartment.LastNovemberthetwogroupsstarted“DogDayAfternoon”inthechildren’sdepartmentofthemainlibrary.About25childrenattendedeachofthefourSaturday-afternoonclasses,readingforhalfanhour.Thosewhoattendedthreeofthefourclassesreceiveda“pawgraphed”bookatthelastclass.TheprogramwassosuccessfulthatthelibraryplanstorepeatitinApril,accordingtoDanaThumpowsky,publicrelationsmanager.

Exampleandsuccessoftheprogram59.Whatismainlydiscussedinthetext?A.Children’sreadingdifficulties.B.Advantagesofraisingdogs.C.Serviceinapubliclibrary.D.Aspecialreadingprogram.第12頁(yè)，共27頁(yè)，2023年，2月20日，星期日eg.4Ifyouwereplanningtobuyatelevisionset,thefollowingadvertisementwouldcertainlydrawyourattention:“ColorTV.Only＄79.Twodayssale.Hu--rry.”However,whenyougotothestorereadytobuy.Youmaydiscoverthattheyaresoldout.Buttheshopassistantisquicktotellyouthathehasanothermodel.Amuchbettersetwhichis“justrightforyou”Itcosts＄395.Thissalesmethodiscalled“baitandswitch”.Buyersarebaitedwithasalesadvertisement,andthentheyareswitchedtoanothermoreexpensiveone.Buyingthingsonsaleneedscarefulconsiderationofthegoodsandthereasonforthesale.Theparagraphcouldbeentitled_________.A.BuyingATVSetB.ASellingMethodC.BuyerBewareD.TVOnSale(detail)(detail)(detail)HoweverButNotonly…butalsoAlthough/thoughAswellas第13頁(yè)，共27頁(yè)，2023年，2月20日，星期日Eg.5

MrsTurner’stelephonenumberwas3463;thenumberofthecinemainhertownwas3464,peopleoftenmadeamistakeandtelephonedherwhentheyactuallywantedthecinema.

OneeveningthetelephonebellrangandMrsTurneransweredit.Atiredman’svoicecameoverthetelephone:”Atwhattimedoesyourlastfilmbegin?””I’msorry”,saidMrsTurner,“butyouhavethewrongnumber.Thisisnotthecinema.”“Oh,Itbegantwentyminutesago,”saidtheman.”I’msorryaboutthat.Well,goodbye.”

MrsTurnerwasverysurprised,soshetoldherhusband.Helaughedandsaid,”No,thatwasn’tamistake.Theman’swifewantedtogotothecinema,buthewasfeelingtired,sohetelephonedthecinema.Hiswifeheardhim,butshedidn’thearyou.Nowtheywillstayathomethisevening,andthehusbandwillbehappy!”第14頁(yè)，共27頁(yè)，2023年，2月20日，星期日WhywasMrsTurnersurprised?Becausethetiredman_______.A.wantedthecinemabutcalledawrongnumber.B.AskedherasillyquestionwhichsherefusedtoanswerC.Saidsomethingthathadnothingtodowithheranswer.D.Wasangrywithhimselfforhavingmadeamistake.c第15頁(yè)，共27頁(yè)，2023年，2月20日，星期日Eg.6Oftennoonelooksmoreguiltythantheinnocent.Ontheotherhand,nobodymaylookmoreinnocentthanaprofessi--onalcriminal.Andthemanwhoknows“everything”mayreallyonlybetryingtohidehisownweakness.So,itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearance（so,therefore,thus,inconclusion,inshort,

allinall,overall,clearly,plainly,Infact）技巧二：找關(guān)聯(lián)詞第16頁(yè)，共27頁(yè)，2023年，2月20日，星期日技巧三:從段落中歸納要點(diǎn)抓大意，理清線索.

有些文章或段落無(wú)明顯的主題句,只是暗示性地體現(xiàn)主題.這就要求考生在閱讀過(guò)程中根據(jù)文中所敘述的事實(shí)或提供的線索來(lái)概括總結(jié)主旨大意第17頁(yè)，共27頁(yè)，2023年，2月20日，星期日

eg.7

TomstudiedfouryearsattheUniversityofParisanddecidedtoleavebeforehisgraduation.HetransferredtotheUniversityofBerlinandgraduatedwithhonors.HarvardLawSchooland,later,BostonCollegeprovidedhimwithanexcellentlegalbackground.HeispresentlyacorporationlawyerinMiami,Florida.

Themainideaofthisparagraphisthat______.

A.Tom,whohadstudiedatParisUniversitiesforfouryears,movedtoanotheruniversity.

B.Tombecamealawyersincehisgraduationfrom

HarvardLawSchoolandlaterfromBostonCollege.

C.Tomwasanexcellentstudentwhenhestudiedat

Berlinuniversity.

D.Tomreceivedanexcellenteducation.detaildetaildetail第18頁(yè)，共27頁(yè)，2023年，2月20日，星期日技巧四:從段落中尋找高頻率詞

任何一篇文章都是圍繞某個(gè)主題展開(kāi)的，因此，許多文章中最明顯的特點(diǎn)之一是有一個(gè)反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的中心詞，即高頻詞，也叫做主題詞第19頁(yè)，共27頁(yè)，2023年，2月20日，星期日Eg.9Aneweight-kilometerroadisunderconstructionthatlinkstheportareawithmotorwaysystem.Itisexpectedtocarry20,000trucksandcarsaday,whichgreatlyreducestheovercrowdedtrafficinthecenterofthecity.Aspartoftheproject,twofour-kilometerroadtunnelsarebeingbuiltbelowthecentralareaofthecity,onefortraffictothenorthandtheotherforthetraffictothesouth.Thetwotunnelsareabout20metersbelowthesurfaceandare12meterswide,providingfortwolanesoftrafficineachdirection.Intheupperpartofthetunneltwoair-conditioningpipesremovethewastegasoftrucksandcarsandkeepthequalityofairinsidethetunnel.Thelightingisatthetopofthetunnel,practicallyatitshighestpoint.Therewillalsobeelectricsignsatfrequentintervals.Theyshowtrafficconditionsaheadandcanbeseenclearlybydrivers.Thewallismadeupoffourmainelements,whichincludeawaterproofingcoveringand,ontheinsideofthetunnel,aconcretelining.

第20頁(yè)，共27頁(yè)，2023年，2月20日，星期日Eachtunnelisroughlyroundandthelowerpartofthetunnelissomewhatflat.Thesurfaceoftheroadliesonthebase,whichismadeofconcreteandsteel.Thedrainagesystem,justbelowtheroadsurfaceononeside,removesanyextraliquid,particularlywater.Intheeventoffire,thefiremain,whichismadeofsteel,pipeswatertomanyfirehydrantstationsatregularintervalsalongthelengthofthetunnel.Thefiremainisatthesideofthetunnelandattheleveloftheroadsurface.Othersystemsinthetunnelwillincludeemergencyphones.75.Thepassageismainlyabout_____.A.theconstructionofaroadB.thedesignofaroadC.theconstructionoftwotunnelsD.thedesignoftwotunnels第21頁(yè)，共27頁(yè)，2023年，2月20日，星期日六．主旨要義題技巧回顧總結(jié)第22頁(yè)，共27頁(yè)，2023年，2月20日，星期日遵循四字原則:準(zhǔn)全新用精煉的語(yǔ)言概括出文章的中心思想要注意文章的內(nèi)涵和外延,把作者的觀點(diǎn)準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)出來(lái).要排除掉那些片面的選項(xiàng),選取包含文章的主要內(nèi)容及作者觀點(diǎn)的選項(xiàng),范圍不宜過(guò)大或過(guò)小.所選擇的標(biāo)題要新穎,對(duì)讀者有吸引力,能激發(fā)讀者的閱讀興趣.精第23頁(yè)，共27頁(yè)，2023年，2月20日，星期日應(yīng)試技巧選項(xiàng)分析正確選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)含有抽象名詞和概括性詞語(yǔ).四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,含有approach,concept,chance,opportunity,various,both,general,many,difficult,way,necessity,necessary,importance等詞的選項(xiàng)一般是正確選項(xiàng).四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,內(nèi)容相近或完全相反的兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)中往往有一個(gè)是正確選項(xiàng)那些概括全文,內(nèi)容全面,含義深刻,說(shuō)明道理的選項(xiàng)一般是答案項(xiàng),而選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容片面,單一的內(nèi)容一般是錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng).第24頁(yè)，共27頁(yè)，2023年，2月20日，星期日錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)以偏概全.只是局部信息,或是一句沒(méi)有展開(kāi)論述的話.過(guò)于籠統(tǒng).即歸納的主題太泛,與細(xì)節(jié)脫節(jié)或是沒(méi)有對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)加以充分論述.把觀點(diǎn)強(qiáng)加與作者.讀者往往根據(jù)自己的常識(shí)對(duì)文章進(jìn)行判斷而忽視了作者的見(jiàn)解.無(wú)關(guān)信息,既在文章中沒(méi)有提到或找不到語(yǔ)言依據(jù)的信息第25頁(yè)，共27頁(yè)，2023年，2月20日，星期日練中學(xué)從前面所述可知，查找主旨、標(biāo)題時(shí)，我們要學(xué)習(xí)識(shí)別文章中最基本,最具有概括力的信息。這種信息應(yīng)能歸納和概括文中其它信息所具有的共性。

例1：Choosethemostgeneralword.

A)chemistB)physicistC)scientistD)biologist該問(wèn)題要求找出最有概括力的詞。Cscientist符合題意,因?yàn)樗薱hemist,physicist和biologist