名詞解釋與英文簡答植物學期末復習資料

千里之行，始于足下讓知識帶有溫度。第第2頁/共2頁精品文檔推薦名詞解釋與英文簡答(植物學期末復習資料名詞解釋與英文簡答

名詞解釋

胞間連絲plasmodesma

Fluidsanddissolvedsubstancescanpassthroughprimarywallsofadjacentcellsviaplasmodesmawhicharetinystrandsofcytoplasmthatextendbetweenthecellsthroughminuteopenings.

由質(zhì)膜包圍的直徑狹窄的通道，內(nèi)質(zhì)網(wǎng)管貫通其中，原生質(zhì)體間物質(zhì)運輸和信號轉(zhuǎn)導的橋梁。細胞周期cellcycle

Imonly,thecellcycleisdividedintointerphaseandmitosis.

細胞周期：有分裂能力的細胞，由一次分裂結(jié)束到下一次分裂完成所經(jīng)受的囫圇歷程。包括分裂間期和分裂期。

凱氏帶casparianstrip

abandofwaterproofmaterialaroundtheradialandtransversecellsoftheendodermis.ensurethatwaterandmineralsenterthexylemonlybypassingthroughtheendodermalcells.pollination傳粉

processthatpollensfromonefloweraretransferredtostigmaofanotherflowers.

Self-pollination自花傳粉

Pollensaretransferredtostigmaofsameflowers.

Cross-pollination異花傳粉

Pollenistransferredfromthestamenofoneplanttothesigmaofadifferentplant.

Biodiversity生物多樣性

Biodiversityisthedegreeofvariationoflife.Thiscanrefertogeneticvariation,speciesvariation,orecosystemvariationwithinanarea,biome,orplanet.

Cellgrowth細胞的生長

Growth,anirreversibleincreaseinsize,isaccomplishedbyacombinationofcelldivisionandcellenlargement.

Celldifferentiation細胞的分化

Theprocessbywhichcellsthathaveidenticalgeneticconstitutionsbecomedifferentfromoneanotherandfromthemeristematiccellsfromwhichtheyoriginated.

Tissue組織

Atissueisagroupofcellsthatformsastructuralandfunctionalunit.

Organ器官

Inbiology,anorganisacollectionoftissuesjoinedinastructuralunittoserveacommonfunction.

Root根

Rootsareplants’linktotheundergroundenvironment.

Vascularcambium維管形成層

Thevascularcambiumisathinlayerofcellssandwichedbetweenthexylemandthephloeminthevascularbundles.

Leaves葉

Thelateralorgansofashoot.typicallyhaveamore-or–lessflattenedform.andadorsiventralstructure.

Incompleteleave不徹低葉

Lackofanyoneortwopartsofpetiole,bladeandstipule.

Flower花

Theflowerisacharacteristicsystemofreproductiveorgansofangiospermsinwhichtwobasicprocessesofsexualreproduction,meiosisandthefusionofmaleandfemalegametesoccurresultingintheproductionofanewgeneration,theembryo.

英文簡答

細胞學說Celltheory

1.alllivingorganismsarecomposedofoneormorecells.

2.thechemicalreactionsofalivingorganism,includingitsenergy-releasingprocessesandits

biosyntheticreactions,takeplacewithincells.

3.cellsarisefromothercells.

4.cellscontainthehereditaryinformationoftheorganismsofwhichtheyareapartandthis

informationispassedfromparentcelltodaughtercell.

Plasmamembranefunction質(zhì)膜的功能

1.Itmediatesthetransportofsubstancesintoandoftheprotoplast.

2.Itcoordinatesthesynthesisandassemblyofthecellulosemicrofibrilsthatmakeupthecell

wall.

3.Itreceivesandtransmitshormonalandenvironmentalsignalsinvolvedinthecontrolofcell

growthanddifferentiation.

Nuclearfunction細胞核的功能

Function

1.itcontrolstheongoingactivitiesofthecellbydeterminingwhichproteinmoleculesare

producedbusinessthecellandwhen