文本解讀與目標(biāo)預(yù)設(shè)初探說明類溫州八高

文本解讀與目的預(yù)設(shè)初探（闡明類）溫州八高吳文華

闡明類文本特點(diǎn)characteristicsofexpositorytextinform,explain,

describe,

or

definesomethinghighlightmainideasnotreveal

the

opinion

of

the

writerrelyonstructuretodevelopideaslogical

order

/logical

supporting

facts

clarity,unity

and

coherence,smooth

transitions

presentinasecond/

thirdperson標(biāo)題TheRoadtoModernEnglish2.How

LifeBeganontheEarth3.ChemicalorOrganicFarming?4.Puzzles

inGeography5.Theme

Parks—Funand

MoreThanFunWhatdoes“theroad”mean?Whyis“theroad”chosenandused?Howis“theroad”developedandexpressedbytheauthor?Whichsentencesorexpressionsexpress“theroad”?Whatisyourcommenton“theroad”?副標(biāo)題解讀

FestivalsandcelebrationsFestivalsofthedeadFestivalstohonorpeopleHarvestfestivalsSpringfestivalsWhatdothesesubtitlestellus?Whatdotheyserveas?Howaretheyrelatedtoeachother?Howarethesubtitlesrelatedtothetitle?插圖、注解HowLifeBeganontheEarthWhatdothepicturestellus?Whyarethepicturespresentedinthereadingpassage?Whatcanyoupredictaboutthepassagefromthepictures?文本語言旳解讀Whatcanyouconcludefromthewordsofboldprint?Howdotheyrelatedtoeachother?(skin/organ/barrier/poison/rays/complex)FirstAidForBurns文本語言（How

LifeBeganontheEarth）Whatdoestheauthoruse“however”(inline1)tointroduceus?Whyis“Mars”mentionedinPara.3?Whatdoes“unlike”theearth(line.17)tellus?Whatdoesthe“Butsentence”inthelastPara.tellus(line47.)?Dothe“3which”functionthesameinthefollowingsentences?Whyis“betodo”usedrepeatedlyinthepassage?What’sthewriter’sattitudetowardsthefutureoftheearth?Whichsentencetellsus?Canyounamesomeofthe“discoursemarkers”and“sentenceconnectors”inthepassage?Whyaretheyused?ShowingOurFeelingsShowinghappinessShowingangerShowingagreementShowingboredomShowingrespectmainideamajorideassupportingdetailssmilefrownnodyawn/lookawayStandatalittledistancewithopenhands文體構(gòu)造Majoridea1:OvertimeIhavebeenchangedquitealot.

Supportingdetails:1.calculatingmachine2.analyticalmachine3.universalmachine4.PC5.laptop

Majoridea2:

Thesechangesonlybecamepossibleasmymemoryimproved.Supportingdetails:1.Twork5.WorldWideWebMajoridea3:

Sincethe1970smanynewapplicationshavebeenfoundforme.Supportingdetails:communications2.finance 3.trade 4.robots5.mobilephones6.medicaloperations7.spacerockets

Mainidea:Thedevelopmentofthecomputeranditsapplications.WhoamI文體構(gòu)造文體構(gòu)造ExpositorysequenceComparison/ContrastCause-EffectProblem-SolutionDescriptionConcept/definitiondescriptionsequenceCauseEffect1Effect2Effect3GraphicorganizersproblemsolutionAlikedifferentComparison/ContrastGraphicorganizersChemicalororganicfarmingWhataresomeoftheproblemscausedbychemicalfertilizers?First,theydamagethelandbykillingthehelpfulbacteriaandpestsaswellastheharmfulones.Chemicalsalsostayinthegroundanundergroundwaterforalongtime.Thisaffectscropsand,therefore,

animalsandhumans,sincechemicalsgetinsidethecropsandcannotjustbewashedoff.Thesechemicalsinthefoodsupplybuildupinpeople’sbodiesovertime.Manyofthesechemicalscanleadtocancerorotherillnesses.Inaddition,fruit,vegetablesandotherfoodgrownwithchemicalfertilizersusuallygrowtoofasttobefullofmuchnutrition,theymaylookbeautiful,butinsidethereisusuallymorewaterthanvitaminsandminerals.Effect1Effect2Effect3causeWiththesediscoveries,somefarmersandmanycustomersarebeginningtoturntoorganicfarming.Organicfarmingissimplyfarmingwithoutusinganychemicals.-------ChemicalororganicfarmingproblemsolutionConcept/definitionPatternSignalWords

/phrasesSequence

Comparison/contrast

Cause

and

Effect

ProblemandsolutionDescriptionConcept/definition

signalwordsandphrasesforeachpattern

appear,looklike,for

example,

suchasfirst,later,

next;

then;

finally

in

contrast;

alike;

same

as;also,aswell,

on

the

other

hand

,unlike,similarly,justasreasons

why;

if...then;

as

a

result;

leadto,resultin,therefore;

because

Whatis---?besimply,becalled,inotherwords,thatis